CN115370329A - Gas well sand prevention evaluation experimental device and sand production prediction method - Google Patents
Gas well sand prevention evaluation experimental device and sand production prediction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115370329A CN115370329A CN202110550785.XA CN202110550785A CN115370329A CN 115370329 A CN115370329 A CN 115370329A CN 202110550785 A CN202110550785 A CN 202110550785A CN 115370329 A CN115370329 A CN 115370329A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 304
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title abstract description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 293
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/08—Screens or liners
- E21B43/086—Screens with preformed openings, e.g. slotted liners
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a gas well sand prevention evaluation experimental device and a sand production amount prediction method, wherein the gas well sand prevention evaluation experimental device comprises: a body model, the body model comprising: the device comprises a barrel, an hourglass and an air guide part, wherein an experimental filter piece is arranged in the barrel, the hourglass is arranged in the barrel and positioned above the experimental filter piece, the air guide part is arranged on the hourglass, and air guide grooves are formed in the periphery of the air guide part; the gas source is communicated with the cylinder, and at least part of gas supplied by the gas source enters the cylinder through the gas guide groove. The gas well sand control evaluation experimental device simulates the sand control process of sand grains forming a sand bridge on the surface of the sieve tube and the sand control process after the sand bridge is formed, so that the first stage and the second stage of the sieve tube sand control mechanism are realized, the sand control principle is closer to the actual condition, and the test result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir development, in particular to a gas well sand prevention evaluation experimental device and a sand production prediction method.
Background
The problem of formation sand production is common in the process of loose sandstone oil reservoir exploitation. In order to ensure the normal exploitation of the sand producing well, a matched sand control measure is required. Screen sand control is currently the most common sand control technique used. The proper type of the sand control screen pipe and the sand blocking precision of the screen pipe are selected, the sand control process design is optimized, and the premise of ensuring the sand control effect is provided. The mechanism of screen sand control can be divided into two stages: the first stage, the formation sand is gradually accumulated on the outer layer of the screen pipe to form a sand layer; and in the second stage, performing sand control after a sand layer is formed.
Currently, selection of sand control screens and design of gravel size are mainly determined by means of empirical formula calculation and field experience, and the method has great limitations and inaccuracy. To more scientifically guide the design of screen sand control processes, researchers developed test devices for evaluating screens.
However, the conventional test apparatus is a sand control evaluation test performed for the conditions of the oil well. On the basis of the existing test device, gas is injected to serve as a means for evaluating the sand prevention of a gas well, but only the second stage of the sand prevention process can be simulated, the first stage of the sand prevention process cannot be simulated, and the method has certain difference from the actual sand prevention condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve at least one of the problems occurring in the prior art or the related art.
In view of this, according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a gas well sand control evaluation experiment apparatus, including:
a body model, the body model comprising: the device comprises a barrel, an hourglass and an air guide part, wherein an experimental filter piece is arranged in the barrel, the hourglass is arranged in the barrel and positioned above the experimental filter piece, the air guide part is arranged on the hourglass, and air guide grooves are formed in the periphery of the air guide part;
the gas source is communicated with the cylinder, and at least part of gas supplied by the gas source enters the cylinder through the gas guide groove.
In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the air guide portion and the hourglass are of an integrated structure, the hourglass faces one side of the experimental filter piece, a sand discharge port is formed in the experimental filter piece, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the air guide portion, and an air hole is formed in the cover plate.
In a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the subject model further includes:
the sand distributing plate is connected with the sand drain, and a sand discharging gap is formed between the sand discharging openings.
In a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the body model further includes:
the plugging part is arranged at one end of the cylinder body and used for plugging the air guide part, the plugging part is provided with an air inlet, and the output end of the air source is connected to the air inlet;
the first gland is arranged in the cylinder, is positioned on the plugging part and is connected with the cylinder.
And the second gland is arranged in the cylinder and is positioned at the other end of the cylinder.
In a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the body model further includes:
a holder disposed within the cartridge, the holder for holding the test filter;
and the sealing ring is arranged on the contact side of the clamp holder and the experiment filter piece.
In a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further includes:
a first pressure sensor disposed between the experimental filter and the hourglass;
and the second pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the experiment filter member, which deviates from the sand drain.
In a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further includes:
the data acquisition unit is connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor;
and the flowmeter is arranged on a passage between the gas source and the cylinder and is connected to the data acquisition unit.
In a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further includes:
and the main body model is arranged on the movable support.
In an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further includes:
and the filter bag is arranged at one end of the barrel body, which is far away from the sand drain.
According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the application, a sand production amount prediction method of a gas well sand control evaluation experiment device based on any one of the technical schemes is provided, and comprises the following steps:
determining the consumption of clay minerals and quartz sand based on stratum information, and configuring and obtaining simulated experiment sand;
determining the amount of the simulated experimental sand based on the sectional area of the cylinder and the outer annular space thickness of the sieve tube in the well;
determining an amount of excess gas based on a total surface area of a filter layer of the screen and a surface area of the test filter;
filling simulated experiment sand into the sand drain based on the consumption of the simulated experiment sand, and determining the gas supply quantity of the gas source based on the gas excess;
determining a sand passing rate based on the amount of the simulated experimental sand and the amount of the simulated experimental sand passing through the experimental filter piece;
and determining the estimated sand amount of the gas well based on the sand passing rate.
In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the step of determining the simulated experimental sand dosage based on the cross-sectional area of the cylinder and the outer annular empty thickness of the screen in the well comprises:
the simulated experimental sand usage was determined by the following formula:
m 0 ＝ρ 1 ×S×h；
wherein m is 0 For the amount of sand used in the simulation experiment, ρ 1 In order to simulate the stacking density of experimental sand, S is the sectional area of the cylinder body, and h is the outer annular empty thickness of the sieve tube in the gas well.
In a second possible embodiment of the second aspect, the step of determining the amount of excess gas based on the total surface area of the filter layer of the sieve conduit and the surface area of the experimental filter comprises:
determining the excess amount by:
q＝Q/(A 0 /A 1 )；
wherein Q is the gas excess, Q is the actual gas production of the gas well, a 0 Total surface area of filter layer of screen pipe, A 1 The surface area of the filter was tested.
In a third possible embodiment of the second aspect, the step of determining the sand crossing rate based on the simulated test sand usage and the simulated test sand usage across the test filter pack comprises:
determining the sand crossing rate by:
t＝m 1 /m 0 ；
wherein t is the sand passing rate m 1 M is the amount of simulated test sand passing through the test filter 0 To simulate the experimental sand usage.
In a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, the step of determining the estimated sand volume of the gas well based on the sand crossing rate comprises:
determining the estimated sand content by:
M＝t×ρ 2 ×V；
wherein M is the estimated sand amount, t is the sand passing rate, rho 2 And V is the outer annular empty volume of the sieve tube in the gas well.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the experimental device for evaluating the sand prevention of the gas well, provided by the invention, in the working process, the configured simulated experiment sand is arranged in the sand drain, airflow is supplied into the cylinder through the air source, at least part of the air enters the cylinder through the air guide groove after entering the cylinder, the airflow can generate a suction effect in the cylinder, and the simulated experiment sand in the sand drain can be discharged through the sand drain under the self-weight and air suction effects and falls onto the experiment filter piece. The airflow carries simulated experiment sand to fall onto the experiment filter piece and is gradually accumulated on the experiment filter piece, so that the function of uniformly and slowly adding the sand into high-speed gas is realized, the sand prevention process of forming a sand bridge on the surface of the sieve tube by the sand and the sand prevention process after forming the sand bridge are simulated, the first stage and the second stage of the sieve tube sand prevention mechanism are realized, the sand prevention principle is closer to the actual condition, and the test result is more accurate.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for evaluating sand prevention of a gas well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main body model of a gas well sand control evaluation experimental device according to an embodiment provided by the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover plate of an experimental device for evaluating sand prevention of a gas well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air guide and an hourglass of a gas well sand control evaluation experimental device of an embodiment provided by the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the working state of the experimental device for evaluating the sand prevention of the gas well according to the embodiment of the application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a sand production prediction method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1 to 5 is:
the device comprises a main body model 1, an air source 2, a first pressure sensor 3, a second pressure sensor 4, a data acquisition unit 5, a movable support 6, a filter bag 7 and an experimental filter piece 8, wherein the main body model is connected with the air source;
101 cylinder, 102 sand leakage, 103 air guide part, 104 sand distribution plate, 105 plugging part, 106 first pressing cover, 107 second pressing cover, 108 clamper, 1031 air guide groove, 1032 cover plate and 1033 air hole.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein and, therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a gas well sand control evaluation experiment device, including: the main body model 1, main body model 1 includes: the device comprises a cylinder body 101, an hourglass 102 and an air guide part 103, wherein the experiment filter piece 8 is arranged in the cylinder body 101, the hourglass 102 is arranged in the cylinder body 101 and is positioned above the experiment filter piece 8, the air guide part 103 is arranged on the hourglass 102, and air guide grooves 1031 are arranged on the peripheral side of the air guide part 103; the gas source 2, the gas source 2 is communicated with the cylinder 101, and at least part of the gas supplied by the gas source 2 enters the cylinder 101 through the gas guiding groove 1031.
As shown in fig. 5, wherein a straight line arrow in fig. 5 indicates a gas flow direction, and a dotted line arrow indicates a sand flow direction, in the working process of the gas well sand prevention evaluation experiment device provided by the present invention, configured simulated experiment sand is disposed in the sand drain 102, an air flow is supplied into the cylinder 101 through the air source 2, after the air flow enters the cylinder 101, at least a part of the air enters the cylinder 101 through the air guide groove 1031, the air flow can generate a suction effect in the cylinder 101, and the simulated experiment sand located in the sand drain 102 can be discharged through the sand drain 102 under the self-weight and air suction effects, and fall onto the experiment filter 8. The air current carries simulation experiment sand to fall into on experimental filter 8 to pile up gradually on experimental filter 8, realized that the sand grain evenly adds the function in the high-speed gas slowly, simulated the sand control process that the sand grain formed the sand bridge on the screen pipe surface, and the sand control process after the sand bridge formed, first stage and the second stage of both screen pipe sand control mechanism, the sand control principle is more close with actual conditions, and the test result is more accurate. After the experiment, the sand output through the experiment filter piece 8 is smaller, the pressure difference between the two sides of the experiment filter piece 8 is smaller, and the sand control effect is better.
According to the experimental device for evaluating the sand prevention of the gas well, the gas guide grooves 1031 are formed on the peripheral side of the gas guide part 103, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of gas is directly supplied into the hourglass 102 to cause the simulated experiment sand to rush out quickly can be avoided, and the effect of slowing down the falling speed of the simulated experiment sand can be achieved.
It will be appreciated that the simulated test sand is configured to be acquired based on the collected formation information to better simulate the formation sand. The experimental filter piece 8 is an object for experimental detection of the experimental device for evaluating sand prevention of a gas well provided by the embodiment, and the experimental filter piece 8 with a proper specification is selected, for example, if a large amount of simulated experimental sand passes through the experimental filter piece 8 after the simulated experimental sand falls onto the experimental filter piece 8, the experimental filter piece 8 with the specification is too large in aperture and is not suitable for sand prevention; after the simulated experiment sand falls onto the experiment filter piece 8, no simulated experiment sand passes through the experiment filter piece 8, and then the gas supplied into the cylinder 101 by the gas source 2 can not pass through the experiment filter piece 8, which indicates that the aperture of the experiment filter piece 8 is too thin to be suitable for the use of a gas well; the experimental filter 8 can be used for passing the unseen or only a small part of the simulated experimental sand, and the gas supplied by the gas source 2 can normally pass through the experimental filter 8 to serve as a target filter, and an appropriate sieve tube is selected based on the target filter to be put into use.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in some examples, the air guide 103 and the sand funnel 102 are of an integrated structure, a sand discharge port is opened on one side of the sand funnel 102 facing the experimental filter 8, a cover plate 1032 is disposed on the top of the air guide 103, and an air hole 1033 is disposed on the cover plate 1032.
The air guide part 103 and the sand drain 102 are of an integrated structure, and simulation experiment sand can be filled in the air guide part 103 and the sand drain 102, so that the filling space of the simulation experiment sand is increased.
The top of air guide portion 103 is provided with apron 1032, is provided with gas pocket 1033 on the apron 1032, and the gas portion that air supply 2 supplied supplies to barrel 101 via the air guide 1031 of air guide portion 103, and partly gas can supply to in the hourglass 102 through gas pocket 1033 in addition to the operating condition of screen pipe is simulated better, and the sand control principle is closer with actual conditions, and the test result is more accurate.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, in some examples, the body model 1 further includes: and the sand distributing plate 104 is connected to the sand drain 102 and forms a sand discharge gap with the sand discharge port.
Through the setting of cloth sand board 104, can control the speed that simulation experiment sand drops and filter 8 in the experiment, can increase the time of simulation experiment sand and barrel 101 internal gas flow contact, can simulate the operating condition of screen pipe better, the sand control principle is closer with actual conditions, and the test result is more accurate.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in some examples, the body model 1 further includes: the blocking part 105 is arranged at one end of the cylinder body 101 and used for blocking the air guide part 103, the blocking part 105 is provided with an air inlet, and the output end of the air source 2 is connected with the air inlet; a first gland 106 provided on the closing part 105 and connected to the cylinder 101; and a second cover 107 provided at the other end of the cylinder 101.
The main body model 1 further includes: a blocking portion 105, a first gland 106 and a second gland 107.
Through the setting of shutoff portion 105, can keep away from the one end in hourglass 102 to gas guide 103 and seal up, shutoff portion 105 is provided with the air inlet simultaneously, and the air supply 2 of being convenient for is connected to the barrel 101 in, and air supply 2 connects in the air inlet, and the gas that supplies via air supply 2 can enter into gas guide 103 in, and then some gas can enter into the barrel 101 through gas guide 1031.
The first pressing cover 106 is arranged to play roles of fixing the blocking part 105, the air guide part 103 and the sand drain 102, so that one end of the cylinder body 101 is sealed, and the influence of air flow outside the cylinder body 101 on an experiment detection result can be avoided.
Through the setting of second gland 107, can carry out the shutoff to the other end of barrel 101, can avoid the outside air current of barrel 101 to influence experiment testing result.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in some examples, the body model 1 further includes: the holder 108 is arranged in the cylinder body 101, and the holder 108 is used for holding the experimental filter piece 8; and the sealing ring is arranged on the contact side of the clamp 108 and the experimental filter piece 8.
The main body model 1 further comprises a clamp 108, and in consideration of the fact that the experimental filtering piece 8 with different specifications and models needs to be tested by the experimental gas well sand control evaluation experimental device, so that a target experimental filtering piece 8 can be obtained, and further, an appropriate sieve tube is selected for sand control based on the target experimental filtering piece 8. The clamping device 108 is used for facilitating the fixing and the dismounting of the experiment filtering piece 8, and the experiment efficiency is improved.
Main part model 1 still includes the sealing washer, can seal the gap between the filter piece 8 through setting up of sealing washer to holder 108 and experiment, can avoid simulation experiment sand to lose via the gap between holder 108 and the filter piece 8 of experiment, can further improve the experiment precision.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some examples, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further includes: the first pressure sensor 3 is arranged in the cylinder 101 and is positioned between the experiment filter element 8 and the sand drain 102; and the second pressure sensor 4 is arranged in the cylinder 101 and is positioned on one side of the experimental filter element 8, which is far away from the sand drain 102.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further comprises: the data acquisition unit 5 is connected with the first pressure sensor 3 and the second pressure sensor 4; and the flow meter is arranged on a passage between the gas source 2 and the cylinder 101.
The gas well sand control evaluation experimental device further comprises: data acquisition unit 5 can gather the pressure data that first pressure sensor 3 and second pressure sensor 4 gathered through data acquisition unit 5's setting, and the experimenter of being convenient for learns as early as possible that simulation experiment sand shutoff has experimental filter piece 8, can improve and detect the precision, is convenient for seek fast and finds the experiment filter piece 8 that the aperture is suitable.
Through the setting of flowmeter, can learn the gas flow who supplies with via air supply 2, the accurate control of the gas well sand control evaluation experimental apparatus of being convenient for.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further comprises: the movable support 6, the main body model 1 is set on the movable support 6.
The gas well sand prevention evaluation experiment device further comprises a movable support 6, so that the main body model 1 can be moved conveniently, the whole gas well sand prevention evaluation experiment device can be moved conveniently, and the gas well sand prevention evaluation experiment device is higher in applicability. In addition, the vibration quantity in the moving process of the main body model 1 can be reduced, and the influence of external factors on the detection result can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, in some examples, the experimental apparatus for evaluating sand control of a gas well further includes: and the filter bag 7 is arranged at one end of the barrel 101 far away from the sand drain 102.
The experimental device for evaluating the sand prevention of the gas well further comprises a filter bag 7, the simulation experiment sand of the experiment filter piece 8 can be collected through the arrangement of the filter bag 7, the quality of the simulation experiment sand of the experiment filter piece 8 is convenient to count, the experiment filter piece 8 with the proper aperture is favorable for being found, and the data support is favorable for providing data support for the model selection of the sieve tube.
Further, how to predict the actual sand yield of the gas well after sand control by a sand control experimental means is also a very concerned problem for researchers in the field of technology, and plays an important guiding role in the optimization design of sand control and the production management after sand control. However, a method for predicting sand production after sand control of a gas well is lacked at present.
In view of the above, according to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for predicting sand production of a gas well sand control evaluation experiment device based on any one of the above embodiments, including:
step 201: and determining the consumption of clay minerals and quartz sand based on the stratum information, and configuring and obtaining the simulated experiment sand. By further configuring the simulated experimental sand for the formation information acquisition, the performance and the experience of the simulated experimental sand can be consistent with those of a sand layer in the formation, and the precision of sand production prediction can be improved.
In some examples, the particle size information of the quartz sand can be determined through the formation information, the quartz sand is proportioned based on the particle size information, then the usage amount of clay minerals and the quartz sand is determined, the simulation experiment sand is obtained through configuration, and the formation sand can be better simulated.
Step 202: and determining the amount of the simulated experimental sand based on the sectional area of the cylinder and the outer annular space thickness of the sieve tube in the well. The sand consumption of the simulation experiment can be definitely determined, and is matched with the outer ring empty thickness of the sieve tube in the gas well, so that the sand output of the gas well can be accurately estimated conveniently. It can be understood that in the process of screen sand control, the outside of the screen is sleeved with a casing, and the outer annular thickness of the screen is the distance between the casing and the screen.
Step 203: the amount of excess gas was determined based on the total surface area of the filter layers of the screen and the surface area of the experimental filter. The gas excess amount can be determined, the gas excess amount is suitable for the performance of the sieve tube, and the sand production amount of the gas well can be accurately estimated conveniently.
Step 204: filling the simulated experiment sand into the sand drain based on the use amount of the simulated experiment sand, and determining the gas supply amount of the gas source based on the gas excess amount. The operation parameters of the gas well sand control evaluation experiment device are determined based on the actual operation state of the sieve tube and the performance parameters of the sieve tube, so that the working condition environment of the sieve tube can be better simulated, and the sand amount can be accurately estimated conveniently.
Step 205: and determining the sand passing rate based on the amount of the simulated experimental sand and the amount of the simulated experimental sand passing through the experimental filter. The sand passing rate is determined based on the simulation experiment sand amount and the simulation experiment sand amount of the experiment filtering piece, and the sand passing rate can represent the proportion of the simulation experiment sand amount passing through the experiment filtering piece.
Step 206: and determining the estimated sand output of the gas well based on the sand passing rate. The estimated sand output of the gas well can be estimated by simulating the proportion of the experimental sand amount to the experimental filter piece, and the estimated sand output can play an important guiding role in the sand control optimization design and the production management after sand control.
It can be understood that in the process of predicting the sand production amount, the experimental filter element fixed in the cylinder of the gas well sand control evaluation experimental device is consistent with the aperture and the thickness of the sieve tube assembled in the actual gas well operation process.
In some examples, the time for supplying the gas through the gas source is longer than the time for the simulated experimental sand with the amount of the simulated experimental sand to freely pass through the sand drain in an external force-free state, so that the working condition environment of the sieve tube can be better simulated.
In some examples, the step of determining the simulated test sand usage based on the cross-sectional area of the cylinder and the outer annular void thickness of the screen in the well comprises:
the simulated experimental sand usage was determined by the following formula:
m 0 ＝ρ 1 ×S×h；
wherein m is 0 The unit is g for simulating the amount of experimental sand; rho 1 In order to simulate the stacking density of experimental sand, the unit is g/cm 3 (ii) a S is the sectional area of the cylinder body and the unit is cm 2 (ii) a h is the outer annular empty thickness of the sieve tube in the gas well, and the unit is cm.
The using amount of the simulated experiment sand is determined by the stacking density of the simulated experiment sand, the sectional area of the cylinder and the outer ring empty thickness of the sieve tube in the gas well, and can be matched with the working condition environment of the sieve tube, so that the sand output of the gas well can be accurately estimated conveniently.
In some examples, the step of determining the amount of excess gas based on the total surface area of the filter layers of the screen and the surface area of the experimental filter comprises:
the amount of excess gas is determined by the following formula:
q＝Q/(A 0 /A 1 )；
wherein q is an excess gas amount in m 3 H; q is the actual gas production of the gas well in m 3 /h；A 0 Is the total surface area of the filter layer of the sieve tube, and the unit is m 2 ；A 1 The surface area of the experimental filter in m 2 。
The gas-well actual gas production rate, the total surface area of the filter layer of the sieve tube and the surface area of the experimental filter piece are used for determining the gas-passing rate, so that the gas-passing rate in the working process of the gas-well sand control evaluation experimental device is adaptive to the gas-well actual gas production rate in the working process of the sieve tube, and the gas-well sand production rate can be accurately estimated conveniently.
In some examples, the step of determining the sand flow rate based on the simulated test sand usage and the simulated test sand volume through the test filter includes:
the sand through rate was determined by the following formula:
t＝m 1 /m 0 ；
wherein t is the sand passing rate, m 1 For the simulated test sand volume, m, by test filters 0 To simulate the experimental sand usage.
It will be appreciated that the simulated test sand volume through the test filter is the simulated test sand volume within the filter bag.
The sand passing rate is the ratio of the simulated experiment sand amount of the experiment filter piece to the simulated experiment sand amount, and the sand passing rate can represent the proportion of the simulated experiment sand amount of the experiment filter piece, so that the sand amount can be accurately estimated.
In some examples, the step of determining an estimated sand volume of the gas well based on the sand crossing rate includes:
the estimated sand amount was determined by the following formula:
M＝t×ρ 2 ×V；
wherein M is estimated sand amount and is expressed in cm 3 (ii) a t is the sand passing rate, rho 2 Is the stacking density of stratum sand with the unit of g/cm 3 (ii) a V is the outer annular empty volume of the sieve tube in the gas well and the unit is m 3 ；。
The estimated sand amount is determined according to the sand passing rate, the stratum sand stacking density and the outer annular empty volume of the sieve tube in the gas well, so that the estimated sand amount has an incidence relation with an experimental result of the gas well sand prevention evaluation experimental device, the estimated sand amount can be obtained through formula calculation, the estimated sand amount can be more fit with the actual sand amount in the working process of the gas well, and an important guiding effect can be played for the sand prevention optimization design and production management after sand prevention.
It will be appreciated that the outer annular void volume of a screen in a gas well is the volume of the interstitial space between the casing and the screen.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected", "mounted", "fixed", and the like are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides a gas well sand control evaluation experimental apparatus which characterized in that includes:
a body model, the body model comprising: the device comprises a barrel, an hourglass and an air guide part, wherein an experiment filter piece is arranged in the barrel, the hourglass is arranged in the barrel and is positioned above the experiment filter piece, the air guide part is arranged on the hourglass, and air guide grooves are formed in the peripheral sides of the air guide part;
the gas source is communicated with the cylinder, and at least part of gas supplied by the gas source enters the cylinder through the gas guide groove.
2. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas guide part and the hourglass are of an integrated structure, one side of the hourglass, which faces the experiment filter element, is provided with a sand discharge port, the top of the gas guide part is provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with an air hole.
3. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device as set forth in claim 2, wherein the master model further comprises:
the sand distributing plate is connected with the sand drain, and a sand discharging gap is formed between the sand discharging openings.
4. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the master model further comprises:
the plugging part is arranged at one end of the cylinder body and used for plugging the air guide part, the plugging part is provided with an air inlet, and the output end of the air source is connected to the air inlet;
a first gland provided on the sealing part and connected to the cylinder;
and the second gland is arranged at the other end of the cylinder body.
5. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the master model further comprises:
a holder disposed within the cartridge, the holder for holding the test filter;
and the sealing ring is arranged on the contact side of the clamp holder and the experiment filter piece.
6. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device of claim 1, further comprising:
a first pressure sensor disposed within the cartridge between the experimental filter and the hourglass;
and the second pressure sensor is arranged in the cylinder and is positioned on one side of the experimental filter member, which deviates from the sand drain.
7. The gas well sand control evaluation experimental apparatus as set forth in claim 6, further comprising:
the data acquisition unit is connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor;
and the flowmeter is arranged on a passage between the gas source and the cylinder and is connected to the data acquisition unit.
8. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
and the main body model is arranged on the movable support.
9. The gas well sand control evaluation experiment device as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
and the filter bag is arranged at one end of the barrel body, which is far away from the sand drain.
10. A sand production amount prediction method based on the gas well sand control evaluation experimental device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the consumption of clay minerals and quartz sand based on stratum information, and configuring and obtaining simulated experiment sand;
determining the amount of the simulated experimental sand based on the sectional area of the cylinder and the outer annular space thickness of the sieve tube in the well;
determining an amount of excess gas based on a total surface area of the filter layers of the screen and a surface area of the experimental filter;
filling simulated experiment sand into the sand drain based on the consumption of the simulated experiment sand, and determining the gas supply quantity of a gas source based on the gas excess quantity;
determining a sand passing rate based on the amount of the simulated experimental sand and the amount of the simulated experimental sand passing through the experimental filter;
and determining the estimated sand amount of the gas well based on the sand passing rate.
11. The method of predicting sand production as claimed in claim 10, wherein the step of determining the amount of simulated test sand based on the cross-sectional area of the cylinder and the outer annular thickness of the screen in the well comprises:
the simulated experimental sand usage was determined by the following formula:
m 0 ＝ρ 1 ×S×h；
wherein m is 0 To simulate the amount of sand used in the experiment, rho 1 In order to simulate the stacking density of experimental sand, S is the sectional area of the cylinder body, and h is the outer annular empty thickness of the sieve tube in the gas well.
12. The sand production prediction method of claim 11, wherein the step of determining an amount of excess air based on a total surface area of a filter layer of the screen and a surface area of the experimental filter comprises:
determining the excess amount by:
q＝Q/(A 0 /A 1 )；
wherein Q is the gas excess, Q is the actual gas production of the gas well, and A 0 Total surface area of filter layer of screen pipe, A 1 The surface area of the test filter.
13. The method of predicting sand production as set forth in claim 12, wherein said step of determining a sand through rate based on said simulated test sand usage and said simulated test sand usage by said test filter comprises:
determining the sand crossing rate by:
t＝m 1 /m 0 ；
wherein t is the sand passing rate, m 1 M is the amount of simulated test sand passing through the test filter 0 To simulate the experimental sand usage.
14. The method of predicting sand production of claim 13 wherein the step of determining the estimated sand production of the gas well based on the sand breakthrough rate comprises:
determining the estimated sand content by:
M＝t×ρ 2 ×V；
wherein M is estimated sand amount, t is the sand passing rate, rho 2 And V is the outer annular empty volume of the sieve tube in the gas well.
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