CN115369265B - Method for reducing gold-containing index of antimony matte of antimony-gold blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for reducing gold-containing index of antimony matte of antimony-gold blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing gold-containing index of antimony matte of an antimony-gold blast furnace, which is characterized in that 3-20% of antimony slag (compared with antimony concentrate) by weight is additionally added in the raw material preparation step of the antimony-gold blast furnace process; the proportioning step is additionally added with 5 to 25 weight percent (compared with the pelletization pellets, the agglomeration pellets and the antimony gold lump ore) of alkaline residues, and 3 to 20 weight percent (compared with the pelletization pellets and the antimony gold lump ore) of gold smelting foam residues, namely the gold-containing grade of the antimony matte can be greatly reduced. The method has simple operation, recycles intermediate slag, reduces gold-containing index of antimony matte, and can improve the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process by more than 4.5 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of antimony-gold separation smelting, and particularly relates to a method for reducing an antimony matte gold-containing index of an antimony-gold blast furnace.
Background
The antimony-gold separation smelting of the antimony-gold blast furnace is that the blast furnace volatilizes and smelts antimony-gold raw materials (antimony-gold sulfide concentrate, lump ore and the like) and basically separates the antimony-gold from the antimony-gold raw materials. The low-gold-content antimony oxide is obtained by smelting and volatilizing a blast furnace, the antimony oxide enters the flue gas, the flue gas is cooled by a fire cabinet and a surface cooling device and is collected by a cloth bag chamber, and the flue gas enters a desulfurization system for treatment; the molten liquid of noble antimony, antimony matte and slag obtained by smelting in a blast furnace hearth is fed into a front bed through a slag channel (throat opening), layered sedimentation is carried out successively according to different specific gravities, the specific gravity of the slag is small and is positioned at the upper part of the molten liquid, the antimony matte is arranged in the middle part of the molten liquid, and the noble antimony is arranged at the lower part. Smelting antimony oxide produced by a blast furnace in an ash blowing furnace procedure, and collecting gold and removing lead; and (5) feeding the produced precious antimony into a gold smelting furnace for gold enrichment, and separating antimony and gold again.
Compared with a single antimony blast furnace, the antimony-gold blast furnace is different, because the gold-containing grade of the concentrate is high (generally 40-70 g/t), the iron sulfide content in the concentrate is high, the yield of antimony matte is high, the recycling can not be realized, and the blast furnace smelting process must be exited, so that the gold-containing grade in the antimony matte directly determines the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process. The gold-bearing grade of the antimony matte of the existing antimony-gold blast furnace is generally about 30g/t, and the antimony matte influences the recovery rate of the blast furnace process by 5.5-7 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for reducing the gold-containing index of antimony matte of an antimony-gold blast furnace, and the method can reduce the gold-containing index of the antimony matte from about 30g/t to below 3.5g/t by adding several kinds of intermediate slag produced by an antimony smelting plant in a plurality of stages of the process of the antimony Jin Wuliao blast furnace, and can improve the recovery rate of the process of the blast furnace by more than 4.5 percent.
The invention aims at realizing the following scheme:
the invention relates to a method for reducing gold-containing index of antimony matte of an antimony-gold blast furnace, which comprises the steps of mixing an antimony raw material with refined lime, water and antimony refined slag for granulating, then circularly feeding coke, alkaline slag, gold-smelting foam slag, pellets, antimony lump ore, iron ore and limestone into the blast furnace for volatilizing smelting to obtain a melt, feeding crude antimony from a front bed as a gold catching agent, enabling the melt to flow into the front bed through the blast furnace for sedimentation separation, forming layering of waste residue, antimony matte and noble antimony in a reverberatory furnace of the front bed, and discharging gold-containing noble antimony at a furnace outlet of the front bed to enrich gold; the antimony matte and the waste residue are discharged from an antimony matte port and a residue discharge port of the front bed respectively;
the antimony refined slag comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: as:0.5 to 1.5 percent of Sb:35% -65%, na: 1-20% of water 5-30%;
the adding amount of the antimony refined slag is 3-20% of the mass of the antimony gold raw material, preferably 8-17%,
the alkaline residue comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: as:0.5 to 20 percent of Sb:10% -45%, na:5% -30%;
the addition amount of the alkaline residue is 5-25% of the total mass of the spherulites and the antimonic gold lump ore, preferably 8-13%,
the gold smelting slag comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: au:30 g/t-100 g/t; as:0.2 to 2 percent of Sb:25% -45%, na:1% -10%; the addition amount of the gold smelting slag is 3-20% of the total mass of the spherical particles and the antimony gold lump ore, and is preferably 6-10%.
The preparation method of the invention can reduce the gold-containing grade of the antimony matte produced by the blast furnace from about 30g/t to below 3.5g/t by additionally adding a certain proportion of antimony refined slag and additionally adding alkali slag and gold-smelting foam slag in the step of proportioning in the process of granulating raw materials, treat intermediate slag, recover antimony and gold metals in the intermediate slag,
preferably, the antimony gold raw material comprises antimony gold concentrate.
In a preferred scheme, the adding amount of the refined lime is 6-7% of the weight of the antimony-gold raw material.
In the preferred scheme, the mass fraction of water in the pellets is 4-10%, the mass fraction of Au is 40-70 g/t, and the mass fraction of Sb is 28-40%.
In a preferred scheme, the antimony refined slag is slag obtained by crushing, leaching and dearsenifying arsenic alkali slag and press filtering.
Preferably, the mode of circulating feeding of the blast furnace is as follows: coke, alkaline residue, gold smelting foam residue, pellets, antimony-gold lump ore, iron ore, limestone and coke, wherein the cycle feeding interval is 10-15 min/batch.
The inventor finds that the final effect is optimal by feeding in the mode.
Preferably, the height of the charging column of the blast furnace is 400-900mm above the tuyere.
In the preferred scheme, soda ash or caustic soda flakes are added in the antimony refining process to remove arsenic, and the produced scum is obtained.
Further preferably, the alkali slag is water-shaped last alkali slag in the later arsenic removal stage of the antimony refining process.
Compared with alkali slag, the last alkali slag has lower arsenic content, and less arsenic circulates in a smelting system, so that the cost of removing arsenic again is reduced, and the smelting comprehensive cost is lowered; the antimony content is higher, and the antimony in the antimony can be recovered more effectively.
In a preferred scheme, the granularity of the alkaline residue is 50-200 mm.
The inventors found that the final reaction effect is optimal by controlling the particle size of the alkaline residue within the above range.
In the preferred scheme, the gold smelting slag is noble antimony produced by a blast furnace, and is scum produced after soda ash and quartz sand are added for smelting and deironing. Such as the dross produced in the crude antimony de-ironing and converting steps of patent 201810304824.6.
In a preferred scheme, the granularity of the gold smelting slag is 50-200 mm.
The inventors found that the final reaction effect is optimal by controlling the particle size of the alkaline residue within the above range.
In a preferred scheme, the addition amount of the coke is 28-40% of the mass of the pellets.
Preferably, the addition amount of the iron ore is 15-25% of the mass of the pellets.
In a preferred scheme, the addition amount of the limestone is 2.5-6% of the mass of the pellets.
In a preferred scheme, the reaction temperature in the blast furnace is 1000-1300 ℃ and the reaction time is 3-4.5 h.
In a preferred scheme, the temperature of the front bed is 1150-1250 ℃, and the layering time is 3-10 h.
In the preferable scheme, in the waste residue, the mass ratio is as follows: siO (SiO) 2 ∶FeO∶CaO∶NaO＝30～32∶20～25∶16～18∶8～12。
Advantageous effects
According to the invention, a plurality of kinds of intermediate slag produced by a centralized antimony smelting plant are added in a conventional antimony smelting process, and under the condition that the conventional process parameters are not changed greatly, the gold-containing grade of antimony matte produced by a blast furnace is controlled to be reduced from about 30g/t to below 3.5g/t, and the intermediate slag is treated, so that antimony and gold metal in the intermediate slag are recovered. The method has simple operation, recycles intermediate slag, reduces gold-containing index of antimony matte, and can improve the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process by more than 4.5 percent.
Wherein the calculation formula of the gold recovery rate is as follows: (total amount of gold metal charged-total amount of gold metal in antimony matte-total amount of gold metal in slag)/(total amount of gold metal charged ×100%).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to be limiting. The invention can be implemented in any of the ways described in the summary of the invention.
A method for reducing gold-containing index of antimony matte of an antimony-gold blast furnace, comprising the following steps: raw material preparation, proportioning, smelting and sedimentation separation.
1) Preparation of raw materials
The raw materials are prepared by granulating or briquetting various antimony gold raw materials (antimony gold concentrate and antimony concentrate) with refined lime, water and antimony slag in a certain proportion. The refined lime is added with the mixture ratio of 6-7% of the weight of the raw materials, the water content of the raw materials is controlled to be 11-13%, and 3-20% of the weight ratio (compared with the antimony gold concentrate) of the antimony slag is added on the basis that the raw materials contain 40-70 g/t of gold and 28-40% of antimony.
2) Proportioning materials
The blast furnace burden is to smelt the ball or pellet with coke, iron ore and limestone in certain proportion. The process is that on the basis of conventional ingredients of a blast furnace (namely coke weight: pellet or pellet weight=28-40%, iron ore weight: pellet or pellet weight=15-25%, limestone weight: pellet or pellet weight=2.5-6%), 5-25% of alkali slag (compared with pellets after pelletization, pelleted pellets and antimonic gold lump ores) is added, and 3-20% of gold smelting foam slag (compared with pellets after pelletization, pelleted pellets and antimonic gold lump ores) is added.
3) Smelting
The blast furnace smelting is to add the mixture of the ball or the ball into the blast furnace for smelting according to the sequence of coke, alkaline residue, gold smelting foam residue, ball and antimony gold lump ore, iron ore, limestone and coke, the reaction temperature in the blast furnace is controlled between 1000 ℃ and 1300 ℃, the reaction time is 3 to 4.5 hours, the interval time of the cyclic feeding is 10 to 15 minutes per batch, and the height of a material column is 400 to 900mm above an air port.
4) Sedimentation separation
The melt flows into a front bed from a blast furnace to carry out sedimentation separation, waste residue, antimony matte and precious antimony are layered in a reverberatory furnace of the front bed, and precious antimony containing gold is discharged from a furnace outlet of the front bed, so that gold is enriched; the antimony matte and the waste residue are discharged from an antimony matte port and a residue discharge port of the front bed respectively;
the temperature of the bed before heat preservation is 1150-1250 ℃, the layering time is 3-10 h, and the SiO in the waste residue is controlled 2 The mass ratio of FeO to CaO to NaO is 30-32:20-25:16-18:8-12.
Wherein the antimony refined slag is slag obtained by crushing, leaching and dearsenifying arsenic alkali slag and filter pressing; the alkali slag is water-shaped last alkali slag in the later arsenic removal stage in the antimony refining process, the granularity of the alkali slag is 50-200 mm, the gold smelting foam slag refers to noble antimony produced by a blast furnace, sodium carbonate and quartz sand are added for smelting and removing iron to produce scum, and the granularity of the gold smelting foam slag is 50-200 mm.
Example 1:
during the granulating process of the antimony refined ore, 8.3 weight percent of antimony refined slag is added, and the main components of the antimony refined slag are As follows: 0.85%, sb:56.32%, na:5.13% of water and 17.80%. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore and 23 kg/batch of limestone, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 pieces of antimony raw materials are added into the front bed, and antimony matte is produced once in 8 hours. 80 kg/batch of caustic sludge (corresponding to 12.9% by weight) was added, the major components of the caustic sludge were As follows, as:8.00%, sb:20.57%, na:8.99%; 40 kg/batch of gold-smelting slag (equivalent to 6.45% by weight) is added, and the main components of the gold-smelting slag are as follows, au:46.90gt, as:0.52%, sb:41.70%, na:4.27%. And smelting 36 batches to obtain antimony matte 12 moulds, wherein the gold-bearing grades of the antimony matte are respectively 3.40g/t, 3.00g/t, 3.50g/t and 2.80g/t, and the average grade is 3.18g/t by sampling 4. The gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process was 98.22% calculated from 8 hours data.
Example 2:
during the granulating process of the antimony refined ore, adding 16.7% by weight of antimony refined slag, wherein the main components of the antimony refined slag are As follows: 0.85%, sb:56.32%, na:5.13% of water and 17.80%. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore and 23 kg/batch of limestone, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 pieces of antimony raw materials are added into the front bed, and antimony matte is produced once in 8 hours. 100 kg/batch of caustic sludge (corresponding to 16.1% by weight) was added, the major components of the caustic sludge were As follows, as:8.00%, sb:20.57%, na:8.99%; 50 kg/batch of gold-smelting slag (equivalent to 8.1% by weight) is added, and the main components of the gold-smelting slag are as follows, au:46.90gt, as:0.52%, sb:41.70%, na:4.27%. And smelting 36 batches to obtain 13 moulds of antimony matte, wherein the gold-bearing grades of the antimony matte are respectively 1.80g/t, 2.00g/t, 2.30g/t and 2.70g/t, and the average grade is 2.20g/t after sampling 4. The gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process was 98.43% calculated from 8 hours data.
Example 3:
during the granulating process of the antimony refined ore, 8.3 weight percent of antimony refined slag is added, and the main components of the antimony refined slag are As follows: 1.02%, sb:51.38%, na:4.96% and 25.30% water. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore and 23 kg/batch of limestone, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 pieces of antimony raw materials are added into the front bed, and antimony matte is produced once in 8 hours. 60 kg/batch of last alkaline residue (corresponding to 9.7% by weight) was added, the main components of the last alkaline residue are As follows, as:2.30%, sb:38.54%, na:14.10%; 40 kg/batch of gold-smelting slag (equivalent to 6.45% by weight) is added, and the main components of the gold-smelting slag are as follows, au:33.18gt, as:0.65%, sb:44.00%, na:4.62%. And smelting 36 batches to obtain antimony matte 12 moulds, wherein the gold-bearing grades of the antimony matte are respectively 1.50g/t, 1.60g/t, 2.10g/t and 2.20g/t, and the average grade is 1.85g/t after sampling 4. The 8-hour data are taken for calculation, and the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process is 98.52%.
Comparative example 1:
during the granulating process of the antimony refined ore, adding 16.7% by weight of antimony refined slag, wherein the main components of the antimony refined slag are As follows: 1.02%, sb:51.38%, na:4.96% and 25.30% water. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore and 23 kg/batch of limestone, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 pieces of antimony raw materials are added into the front bed, and antimony matte is produced once in 8 hours. No alkali slag and no gold-smelting slag are added. And smelting 36 batches to obtain antimony matte with 12 moulds, wherein the gold-containing grades of the antimony matte are respectively 10.80g/t, 12.67g/t, 10.51g/t and 12.20g/t, and the average grade is 11.55g/t by sampling 4. The 8-hour data were taken and the blast furnace process gold recovery was 94.89%.
Comparative example 2:
during the granulation of the antimony refined ore, no antimony refined slag is matched. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore and 23 kg/batch of limestone, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 pieces of antimony raw materials are added into the front bed, and antimony matte is produced once in 8 hours. No alkali slag and no gold-smelting slag are added. And smelting 35 batches to obtain 13 moulds of antimony matte, wherein the gold-bearing grades of the antimony matte are 18.00g/t, 21.30g/t, 26.40g/t and 22.65g/t respectively, and the average grade is 22.09g/t after sampling 4. The 8-hour data are taken for calculation, and the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process is 93.48 percent.
Comparative example 3:
during the granulating process of the antimony refined ore, no antimony refined slag is matched, and no alkali slag or gold smelting slag is matched with a blast furnace, and sodium carbonate is matched with the blast furnace. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore, 23 kg/batch of limestone and 25 kg/batch of sodium carbonate, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 antimony pieces are added into the front bed, and one antimony matte is produced in 8 hours. And smelting 36 batches to obtain antimony matte 12 moulds, wherein the gold-bearing grades of the antimony matte are 20.60g/t, 22.00g/t, 28.50g/t and 26.80g/t respectively, and the average grade is 24.48g/t by sampling 4. The 8-hour data are taken for calculation, and the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process is 92.27%.
Comparative example 4:
during the granulating process of the antimony refined ore, no antimony refined slag is matched, and no alkali slag or gold smelting slag is matched with a blast furnace, and sodium hydroxide is matched with the blast furnace. The blast furnace control parameters are: 580 kg/batch of pellets, 40 kg/batch of antimony lump ore, 200 kg/batch of coke, 110 kg/batch of iron ore, 23 kg/batch of limestone and 10 kg/batch of sodium hydroxide, the batch time is 13 min/batch, 15 antimony pieces are added into the front bed, and one antimony matte is produced in 8 hours. And smelting 36 batches to obtain antimony matte 12 moulds, wherein the gold-bearing grades of the antimony matte are 18.56g/t, 16.58g/t, 15.26g/t and 19.67g/t respectively, and the average grade is 17.52g/t. The 8-hour data are taken for calculation, and the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process is 94.09%.
Comparative example 5
The other conditions were the same as in example 2 except that no caustic sludge was added and only 15.65 kg of sodium hydroxide was added. The gold grade of the antimony matte is respectively 12.33g/t, 11.67g/t, 11.90g/t and 14.53g/t, and the average grade is 12.61g/t. The 8-hour data are taken for calculation, and the gold recovery rate of the blast furnace process is 95.46%.
Claims (8)
1. A method for reducing gold-containing index of antimony matte of an antimony-gold blast furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing an antimony gold raw material with refined lime, water and antimony refined slag to obtain pellets, then circularly feeding coke, alkaline residue, gold-smelting slag, the pellets, antimony gold lump ore, iron ore and limestone into a blast furnace to carry out volatilization smelting to obtain a melt, feeding crude antimony from a front bed as a gold catching agent, flowing the melt into the front bed from the blast furnace to carry out sedimentation separation, forming layering of waste residue, antimony matte and precious antimony in a reflecting furnace of the front bed, and discharging gold-containing precious antimony at a furnace outlet of the front bed to enrich gold; the antimony matte and the waste residue are discharged from an antimony matte port and a residue discharge port of the front bed respectively;
the antimony gold raw material comprises antimony gold concentrate;
the adding amount of the refined lime is 6-7% of the weight of the antimony-gold raw material;
in the pellets, the mass fraction of water is 4-10%, the mass fraction of Au is 40-70 g/t, and the mass fraction of Sb is 28-40%;
the antimony refined slag comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: as:0.5 to 1.5 percent of Sb:35% -65%, na: 1-20% of water 5-30%;
the adding amount of the antimony refined slag is 3-20% of the mass of the antimony gold raw material,
the alkaline residue comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: as:0.5 to 20 percent of Sb:10% -45%, na:5% -30%;
the addition amount of the alkaline residue is 5 to 25 percent of the total mass of the spherulites and the antimonic gold lump ore,
the gold smelting slag comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: au:30 g/t-100 g/t; as:0.2 to 2 percent of Sb:25% -45%, na:1% -10%; the addition amount of the gold smelting slag is 3-20% of the total mass of the spherical grains and the antimony gold lump ore;
the addition amount of the coke is 28% -40% of the mass of the pellets; the addition amount of the iron ore is 15-25% of the mass of the pellets; the addition amount of the limestone is 2.5-6% of the mass of the pellets.
2. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the antimony refined slag is slag obtained by crushing, leaching, dearsenifying and press filtering arsenic alkali slag.
3. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the circulating feeding mode of the blast furnace is as follows: coke, alkaline residue, gold smelting foam residue, spherulites, antimonic gold lump ore, iron ore, limestone and coke, wherein the cycle feeding interval time is 10-15 min/batch;
the height of the charging column of the blast furnace is 400 mm-900 mm above the tuyere.
4. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the caustic sludge refers to scum produced by adding sodium carbonate or caustic soda flakes to remove arsenic in the antimony refining process; the granularity of the alkaline residue is 50-200 mm.
5. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the gold smelting slag is slag produced by adding sodium carbonate and quartz sand into noble antimony produced by a blast furnace for smelting and deironing; the granularity of the gold smelting slag is 50 mm-200 mm.
6. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reaction temperature in the blast furnace is 1000-1300 ℃ and the reaction time is 3-4.5 h.
7. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the front bed is 1150-1250 ℃ and the layering time is 3-10 h.
8. The method for reducing the gold-bearing index of antimony matte in an antimony-gold blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the waste residue comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 ∶FeO∶CaO∶NaO=30～32∶20～25∶16～18∶8～12。
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