CN115368927A - Low-volatile coal blending coking method for top-mounted coke oven - Google Patents
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004079 vitrinite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-volatile coal blending and coking method for a top-loading coke oven, which comprises the following specific steps of: according to a sample provided by a supplier, measuring vitrinite reflectivity indexes of the sample, and establishing a batch variety coal resource information base; obtaining a linear relation between the volatile matter Vdaf of the coal and the maximum reflectivity Rmax of the vitrinite through regression analysis: rmax =2.3-0.041Vdaf, and a formula is used for evaluating and calibrating a vitrinite reflectivity index measurement result; determining the principle of adjusting the proportion of the variety coal in the coal blending scheme, reducing the proportion of 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) until the 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) is cancelled, and improving the proportion of lean coal to 25-29%; the coke pushing current is increased, the coke pushing speed K1 is reduced by 0.1-0.05m/min, and the operating speed K2 of the dry quenching car is increased and is not lower than 0.86m/min. The invention provides a method, which can evaluate the detection accuracy of vitrinite reflectance indexes of batch coking coals by accumulating and establishing a batch variety coal resource information base, can optimize a coal blending scheme by utilizing vitrinite reflectance of batch variety coals, ensures that the metallurgical coke quality meets the requirements, and improves the yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical coke production, and particularly relates to a coal blending method and a coking method for a top-loading coke oven.
Background
At present, top-loaded coke and stamp-charged coke are applied to an iron-making blast furnace, but the performance difference of the top-loaded coke and the stamp-charged coke in the blast furnace is larger. First, at 1100 ℃, under the blast furnace operating conditions of alkali metal enrichment, the high temperature reactivity of the stamp-charged coke is significantly higher than that of the top-charged coke, while the initial reaction temperature is reduced. This is because the tamped coke has caecum-shaped pores, which are more favorable for the diffusion of alkali metals than the spherical pores existing in the top-loaded coke. This is due to the difference between the two manufacturing processes. The blast furnace is rich in alkali metal and pulverized furnace material, the higher the alkali metal and ash content is, the higher the high-temperature reactivity of the tamping coke is, and simultaneously, the melting loss reaction catalytic rate of the alkali metal to the tamping coke is higher than that of the top-loaded coke. Secondly, the tamping coke has small difference of true density, but has higher apparent density and high bulk density compared with the top-charging coke, the charging volume of the same weight is smaller, the coke window is also small, and the air permeability is influenced. Therefore, the use ratio of the tamping coke is controlled to be not more than 40% as much as possible in the blast furnace with the furnace volume of more than 2000 cubic meters. No report of using the tamping coke is seen at present in the blast furnace with the furnace volume of 4000 cubic meters.
The coking coal is classified into gas coal, 1/3 coking coal, fat coal, coking coal, lean coal and other kinds of coal according to the volatile matter index and caking property index. The coal blending scheme guided by the colloid layer overlapping principle is to blend the coals according to a proper proportion, so that the softening intervals and the temperature intervals of the various coal colloids can be well lapped. Therefore, in the coking process, the coal blending scheme can be in a plastic state within a relatively low temperature range, so that the bonding process is improved, and metallurgical coke with preset index parameters is produced.
The manufacturing process of the tamping coke determines that the index requirements on coking coal are loose, the selection range of coal types is large, the low-volatile-component blended coal with higher proportion can be used, and the blended coal with 22 percent of volatile components is developed in the prior art. On the contrary, the top-charging coke has high quality requirement on metallurgical coke, so the top-charging coke has strict requirement on the index of the blended coal and small choice of coal types, and in the top-charging coke process disclosed at present, the volatile component of the blended coal is 23-25%, and the development of a scheme for reducing the volatile component of the blended coal is an important research direction for improving the capacity of the top-charging coke oven.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the invention, the medium and small batches of coal are utilized, and a low-volatile-component low-cost coal blending scheme used by the top-loading coke oven is developed according to the interchangeability coal blending principle, so that the economic and efficient production target is realized, the internal relation between the batch variety coal performance indexes and the coking process is researched, and the metallurgical coke quality is kept stable by optimizing the coking process parameters and meets the standard.
The invention provides a top coke-charging coal blending scheme for a JNX70-2 type coke oven and a coking method. The volatile component content of the coal blending scheme is controlled to be lower than 22%, and the coke yield of the JNX70-2 type coke oven is improved by more than 5% on the basis of ensuring the coke strength by adjusting the coking process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
(1) And naming batches of coal according to the mode of producing area and volatile matters, and ensuring that the batches of coal are representative. And measuring vitrinite reflectance indexes of each batch of variety coal, and accumulating data to establish a coking coal resource information base.
(2) And selecting batch type coal with low volatile content from the information base, and replacing or reducing batch type coal with high volatile content in the same type of mixed coal according to the standard, so that the volatile content of the type mixed coal is reduced, and the volatile content of the coal blending scheme is further reduced.
(3) The evaluation standard for replacing or reducing the batch variety of coal is the vitrinite reflectance index of the batch variety of coal. Specifically, a vitrinite reflectance distribution histogram of blended coal is fitted in an additive manner according to the mixture ratio and vitrinite reflectance distribution of the batch variety of coal. The profile is required to avoid notches, poor pattern continuity, poor overlay, overall off-center, and specular component maximum reflectance Rmax in the range of 1.1-1.2.
(4) In order to meet the evaluation requirement of the distribution histogram, the coal blending scheme is adjusted through the vitrinite reflectivity, so that the distribution diagram is smoothly close to normal distribution.
The specific method is as follows: if the maximum reflectivity of the vitrinite is to be improved, the proportion outside the range is reduced by improving the proportion of 0.9 to 1.2 percent of the reflectivity of the vitrinite; if the defects and the offset are to be filled, the ratio of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is increased by 1.2 to 1.7 percent; if the curve continuity is to be improved, the ratio of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is increased by 1.2 to 1.7 percent.
(5) As the detection result of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is greatly influenced by detection personnel, the volatile index is more stable. Through regression analysis, a linear relation between the volatile component Vdaf and the maximum reflectivity Rmax of the vitrinite is obtained, and the result can be used for correcting the measurement and calculation error of the reflectivity index of the vitrinite.
(6) The coal blending scheme is applied to a top-loading coke oven, and the standard temperature is controlled according to the turnover time by controlling the coking process parameters. And controlling the coking degree of the blended coal by matching with the monitoring of other temperature measuring points and pressure measuring points.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a method for building a batch variety coal resource information base by accumulation.
(2) The invention provides a method which can evaluate the detection accuracy of vitrinite reflectance indexes of batch coking coal.
(3) The invention provides a method which can optimize a coal blending scheme by utilizing vitrinite reflectance of batch varieties of coal, ensure that the quality of metallurgical coke meets the requirement and improve the yield.
(4) The invention provides a coking process for a top-loading coke oven, which can use a low-volatile coal blending scheme, keep the production of the coke oven in a smooth way and improve the yield of metallurgical coke.
(5) The method is applied to a JNX70-2 type coke oven production line, the yield of the coke oven is improved by more than 5 percent, the main indexes of the coke are improved to different degrees, the crushing strength, the wear resistance and the heat strength index are maintained to be stable, and good economic benefit is obtained.
Detailed Description
A top-loaded low-volatile coal distribution method and a coking process comprise the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to samples provided by suppliers, vitrinite reflectivity indexes of the samples are measured, and a batch variety coal resource information base is established and shown in attached table 1.
Table 1: coking coal resource information
The variety of fat coal requires indexes: ash 10-15%, volatiles >25%, colloidal layer thickness >25mm, cohesion index >95, as listed in table 1: yinyuan, hongda, jiulong, sunzhuang and Huo Zhou.
The variety of coal gas requires indexes: ash <8%, volatiles <40%, colloidal layer thickness >25mm, cohesion index >60, as listed in table 1: in (China).
The 1/3 coking coal of the variety coal requires indexes: ash 10-15%, volatiles >25%, colloidal layer thickness >25mm, cohesion index >95, as listed in table 1: jin Fu, huai nan and Cao Da.
The main coking coal of the variety coal requires indexes: ash <14%, volatiles 19-25%, colloidal layer thickness >15mm, cohesion index >85, as listed in table 1: mesohou, zhaiya, xinlong, mucun, tianan, changqin, baoli, coal gasification, huali, changqin, and Congzhen.
The lean coal of the variety has 10-11% of ash, 15-18% of volatile matter, 10-11mm of thickness of a gelatinous layer and 35-65% of caking index. As listed in table 1: white wall, mountain coal, crane wall.
Step two: obtaining a linear relation between the volatile matter Vdaf of the coal and the maximum reflectivity Rmax of the vitrinite through regression analysis: rmax =2.3-0.041Vdaf (1), and the vitrinite reflectance index measurement results are evaluated and calibrated using formula (1), see attached table 2.
Table 2: maximum vitrinite reflectance Rmax
Step three: selecting batches of coal varieties from an information base, evaluating the metamorphism degree of the coal varieties according to the vitrinite average random reflectivity and the reflectivity histogram, and carrying out weighting fitting according to the vitrinite reflectivity distribution diagram of each batch of coal varieties to obtain the reflectivity distribution diagram of the blended coal so as to determine the blending proportion, wherein the vitrinite reflectivity distribution curve of the blended coal is required to be in a proper proportion, the average value is 1.1, and monotonicity is not changed suddenly, so that the volatile component content of the blended coal is reduced on the basis of ensuring the coke strength.
By taking the method as a reference, selecting batch variety coal with the volatile content lower than 25% from the information base, replacing or reducing the batch variety coal with the volatile content higher than 25%, replacing the batch variety coal with the high volatile content with the batch variety coal with the low volatile content, and balancing the volatile content with different batches of varieties of coal with the high volatile content by adjusting the use proportion.
Step four: according to data in a table 1, a principle of adjusting the proportion of varieties of coal in a coal blending scheme is determined, the proportion of 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) is reduced, the proportion of lean coal is correspondingly increased, the volatile components of blended coal are reduced, the proportion of 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) is reduced until the lean coal is cancelled, the proportion of lean coal is increased to 25% -29%, and the result is shown in a table 3.
Table 3: the reasonable blending range wt% of coal variety
And (4) optimizing the coal blending scheme established in the third step according to the table 3, adjusting the proportion of the batch of variety coal to meet the requirement of the variety coal proportion, and finally reducing the volatile component content of the blended coal.
Step five: because the volatile components of the blended coal are reduced, the coking process needs to be optimized, and the key temperature, pressure and turnover time are controlled, wherein the coke pushing current is increased, the coke pushing speed K1 is reduced by 0.1-0.05m/min, the yield is improved, and the operating speed K2 of the dry quenching car is accelerated and is not lower than 0.86m/min.
Meanwhile, the thermal parameters in the coke oven are changed, the central temperature of a coke cake is 1020 +/-50 ℃, the pressure of a fire observation hole is improved by 1-2Pa, the uniformity coefficient is reduced by 0.01-0.05, the stability coefficient is reduced by 0.01-0.05, the coke discharging temperature is improved by 20-50 ℃, the temperature of a coke side is improved by 10-20 ℃, and the temperature of a machine side is improved by 10-20 ℃.
As the yield is increased, the volatile component is reduced, the turnover time is reduced by 0.5-2 hours, the turnover time is 21 hours, the standard temperature is 1230 +/-10 ℃, on the basis of the turnover time, the standard temperature is increased by 15 ℃ every time the turnover time is reduced by 1 hour, and the technical scheme and the effect of the invention are further described by combining the specific embodiment, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.
Example 1:
a coking method of a top-loading coke oven using a low volatile coal distribution scheme comprises the following steps: optimizing a coal blending scheme: the optimization conditions of the blended coal of each variety in a specific batch of varieties of coal are as follows:
the batch variety of coal in the main coking coal of the coal blending scheme of example 1 is changed, and is shown in attached table 4.
Table 4: example 1 proportion of coal of batch variety in Main coking coal%
The batch variety of the fat coal in the coal blending scheme of example 1 was changed as shown in Table 5.
Table 5: example 1 percentage of coal of the batch variety in fat coal%
In example 1, the change of the batch variety of coal in 1/3 coking coal in the coal blending scheme is shown in the attached Table 6.
Table 6: percentage of coal of 1/3 coking coal batch variety in example 1%
The batch variety of the lean coal in the coal blending scheme of example 1 is changed, and is shown in the attached table 7.
Table 7: example 1 percentage of batch variety coal in lean coal%
The breed coal proportions were optimized as shown in table 8, specifically:
table 8: example 1 coal variety proportion%
In example 1, the ratio of coking coal to lean coal is increased, the ratio of fat coal is decreased, gas coal is eliminated, and the index of blended coal is shown in Table 9.
Table 9: example 1 coal blending protocol index
And (3) optimizing a coking process: example 1 was applied to a JNX70-2 type coke oven and the specific control parameters are shown in table 10.
Table 10: EXAMPLE 1 coking Process control parameters
The implementation effect is as follows:
the effect of example 1 is shown in Table 11.
Table 11: example 1 optimization of coke quality%
By implementing the method, the M10 of the coke is reduced by 0.9 percent, the M40 is increased by 3 percent, the quality of the coke meets the requirements of the second class metallurgical coke in the metallurgical coke quality standard (GB/T1996-94), the daily output of a single furnace of the coke oven, including all coke products, is increased from 26.62 tons to 27.98 tons, and the yield is increased by 5.07 percent, thereby achieving the expected effect.
Example 2:
a coking method of a scheme for distributing coal with low volatile matter of a top-loading coke oven comprises the following steps:
optimizing a coal blending scheme: the optimization conditions of various varieties of blended coal in specific batches are as follows: example 2 batch coking coal in the main coking coal in the coal blending scheme is changed as shown in table 12.
Table 12: example 2 percentage of coal of the main coke coal batch variety%
Example 2 the batch of coking coals in the fat coal blending schedule are changed as shown in table 13.
Table 13: example 2 percentage of coal of the batch variety in fat coal%
Example 2 the batch of coking coals in 1/3 coking coal in the coal blending scheme is changed as shown in Table 14.
Table 14: percentage of the batch variety coal in the 1/3 coking coal of example 2%
The batch of coking coal in the lean coal in the coal blending schedule of example 2 was changed as shown in Table 15.
Table 15: example 2 proportion of batch variety coal in lean coal%
The breed coal proportions were optimized as shown in Table 16.
Table 16: example 2 coal variety proportion%
In example 2, the proportion of coking coal to lean coal is increased, the proportion of fat coal to gas coal is decreased, 1/3 coking coal is cancelled, and the index of blended coal is shown in Table 17.
Table 17: example 2 coal blending protocol index
And (3) optimizing a coking process:
example 2 was applied to a JNX70-2 coke oven, and the specific control parameters are shown in table 18.
Table 18: example 2 coking Process control parameters
The implementation effect is as follows: the effect of example 2 is shown in Table 19.
Table 19: example 2 coke quality optimization%
By implementing the method, the coke M10 is reduced by 1.4 percent, the M40 is increased by 7.2 percent, the coke quality meets the requirements of the second class metallurgical coke in the metallurgical coke quality standard (GB/T1996-94), the daily output of a single furnace of the coke oven comprises all coke products, the daily output is increased from 26.62 tons to 28.5 tons, the yield is increased by 7.06 percent, and the expected effect is achieved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A low-volatile coal blending coking method for a top-loading coke oven is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to a sample provided by a supplier, measuring vitrinite reflectivity indexes of the sample, and establishing a batch variety coal resource information base;
step two: obtaining a linear relation between the volatile matter Vdaf of the coal and the maximum reflectivity Rmax of the vitrinite through regression analysis:
Rmax＝2.3-0.041Vdaf (1)
evaluating and calibrating a vitrinite reflectance index measurement result by using a formula (1);
step three: selecting batches of coal varieties from an information base, evaluating the metamorphism degree of the coal varieties according to the vitrinite average random reflectivity and the reflectivity histogram, and performing weighted fitting according to the vitrinite reflectivity distribution diagram of each batch of coal varieties to obtain the reflectivity distribution diagram of the blended coal so as to determine the blending proportion, wherein the vitrinite reflectivity distribution curve of the blended coal is required to be proper in proportion, the average value is 1.1, and monotonicity does not generate mutation;
step four: determining a coal variety proportion adjusting principle in a coal blending scheme, reducing the 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) ratio, correspondingly increasing the lean coal ratio to reduce the volatile components of blended coal, reducing the 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) ratio until the 1/3 coking coal (gas coal) ratio is cancelled, and increasing the lean coal ratio to 25-29%;
step five: the coke pushing current is increased, the coke pushing speed K1 is reduced by 0.1-0.05m/min, the operation speed K2 of the dry quenching car is increased and should be not lower than 0.86m/min, meanwhile, the thermal parameters in the coke oven are changed, the central temperature of a coke cake is 1020 +/-50 ℃, the pressure of a fire hole is improved by 1-2Pa, the uniformity coefficient is reduced by 0.01-0.05, the stability coefficient is reduced by 0.01-0.05, the coke discharging temperature is improved by 20-50 ℃, the temperature of a coke side is improved by 10-20 ℃, and the temperature of a machine side is improved by 10-20 ℃.
2. The method for coking by using the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the variety of the coal in the first step is rich in coal, and requires indexes as follows: 10-15% of ash, 25% of volatile matter, 25mm of thickness of a colloidal layer and 95 of bonding index;
the variety of coal gas requires indexes: ash content is less than 8%, volatile matter is less than 40%, the thickness of a colloidal layer is more than 25mm, and the bonding index is more than 60;
the 1/3 coking coal of the variety coal requires indexes: 10-15% of ash, 25% of volatile matter, 25mm of colloidal layer thickness and 95% of bonding index;
the main coking coal of the variety coal requires the following indexes: ash content is less than 14%, volatile matter is 19-25%, the thickness of a colloidal layer is greater than 15mm, and the bonding index is greater than 85;
the lean coal has ash content of 10-11%, volatile matter of 15-18%, colloid layer thickness of 10-11mm and caking index of 35-65.
3. The method for coking by using the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the information base in the second step, batch variety coal with the volatile component content lower than 25% is selected from the information base, the batch variety coal with the volatile component content higher than 25% is replaced or reduced, the batch variety coal with the high volatile component content is replaced by the batch variety coal with the low volatile component content, and the batch variety coal with the high volatile component content is used for balancing the volatile component content by using different batches of variety coal with different types through adjusting the use proportion.
4. The method for coking by using the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the turnover time of the step four is 21 hours, the standard temperature is 1230 +/-10 ℃, and the standard temperature is increased by 15 ℃ every time the turnover time is reduced by 1 hour.
5. The method for coking the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of naming batches of coal varieties according to a mode of producing areas and volatile matters, ensuring that the batches of coal varieties are representative, measuring vitrinite reflectance indexes of each batch of coal varieties, and accumulating data to establish a coking coal resource information base.
6. The method for coking by using the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting batch variety coal with low volatile content from the information base, and replacing or reducing the batch variety coal with high volatile content in the same variety of blended coal according to a standard; the evaluation standard for replacement or reduction of the batch variety of coal is a vitrinite reflectance index of the batch variety of coal, and specifically, a vitrinite reflectance distribution histogram of the blended coal is fitted in an addition mode according to the proportion and vitrinite reflectance distribution of the batch variety of coal, the histogram is required to avoid notches, the continuity of the graph is poor, the overlapping degree is poor, the integral deviates from the center, and the maximum reflectance Rmax of the vitrinite is in the range of 1.1-1.2.
7. The method for coking the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in order to meet the evaluation requirement of the distribution histogram, the coal blending scheme is adjusted through vitrinite reflectivity so that the distribution histogram smoothly approaches normal distribution, and the specific method is as follows:
if the maximum reflectivity of the vitrinite is to be improved, the proportion outside the range is reduced by improving the proportion of 0.9 to 1.2 percent of the reflectivity of the vitrinite;
if the defects and the offset are to be filled, the ratio of 1.2 to 1.7 percent of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is increased;
if the curve continuity is to be improved, the ratio of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is increased by 1.2 to 1.7 percent.
8. The method for coking the low-volatile coal blending of the top-loading coke oven as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: because the detection result of the reflectivity of the vitrinite is greatly influenced by a detector, and the index of the volatile matter is stable, the linear relation between the volatile matter Vdaf and the maximum reflectivity Rmax of the vitrinite is obtained through regression analysis, and the result can be used for correcting the measurement and calculation error of the reflectivity index of the vitrinite;
the coal blending scheme is applied to a top-loading coke oven, and the coking degree of the blended coal is controlled by controlling the coking process parameters, controlling the standard temperature according to the turnover time and matching with the monitoring of other temperature measuring points and pressure measuring points.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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