CN115368726A - Composite plastic and one-step molding process thereof - Google Patents
Composite plastic and one-step molding process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115368726A CN115368726A CN202111248122.9A CN202111248122A CN115368726A CN 115368726 A CN115368726 A CN 115368726A CN 202111248122 A CN202111248122 A CN 202111248122A CN 115368726 A CN115368726 A CN 115368726A
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- composite plastic
- polyurethane
- polycarbonate
- plastic
- composite
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical group OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BKUSIKGSPSFQAC-RRKCRQDMSA-N 2'-deoxyinosine-5'-diphosphate Chemical group O1[C@H](CO[P@@](O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1N1C(NC=NC2=O)=C2N=C1 BKUSIKGSPSFQAC-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxybenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polybutylene adipate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/664—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of B32B27/00, and particularly relates to a composite plastic and a one-step forming process thereof. A composite plastic is prepared from main materials and auxiliary agents; the main material is polyurethane and/or polycarbonate. The method avoids the influence of the temperature on the product in the plastic molding process, ensures that the process can mix the raw materials at different temperatures, does not have complex post-treatment processes such as roller sticking and the like, can further ensure the molding quality of the prepared composite material, has simple process and strong process controllability, improves the production efficiency, can be popularized and used in a large scale and has extremely high economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of B32B27/00, and particularly relates to a composite plastic and a one-step forming process thereof.
Background
The development source of the composite plastic is long-flowing, the composite plastic appears earlier in the English and American countries, and the composite plastic has great application value in various fields such as life, production and the like of people along with the development of the society.
However, to produce a plastic composite of two materials, a double-layer die head is generally used, and the plastic is produced by an in-mold co-extrusion technology, and the production mode has requirements on the materials, and the method cannot be used if the melt indexes of the materials are too different. Another method is to produce a roll of film of a single material first, and then to produce and extrude another material on the produced film for a second time; however, this method is complicated, time-consuming, and can result in a large rejection rate, and it is not possible to continuously produce relatively thick sheets.
The application number 201810222428.9 discloses a PVA composite plastic, and a composite material prepared by at least one of a PVC layer, a PET layer, a POF layer, a TPU layer, a PE layer, a PS layer, a PC layer, an ABS layer, a PU layer, a PA layer and a TPR layer and PVA under a co-extrusion process is disclosed in a published patent, but the co-extrusion method has the problems that the stitching effect is poor due to too low temperature in the specific implementation process, and the problems that the PVA cannot be separated from the plastic or the post-treatment is troublesome due to too high temperature and the like.
In order to further optimize the molding method of the composite plastic and ensure the excellent performance of the prepared composite plastic, the development of a molding process of the composite plastic is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a composite plastic in a first aspect, wherein the preparation raw materials comprise main materials and auxiliary agents;
the main material is polyurethane and/or polycarbonate.
In some preferred embodiments, the polyurethane is selected from at least one of aliphatic polyurethane and aromatic polyurethane.
In some preferred embodiments, the polyurethane is an aromatic polyurethane.
In some preferred embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the aromatic polyurethane include diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyester polyol.
In some preferred embodiments, the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value of from 10 to 100mgKOH/g.
In some preferred embodiments, the polyester polyol is selected from at least one of polycarbonate diol, polycaprolactone diol, polybutylene adipate diol.
In the present application, the added polyurethane may be either home-made or purchased.
In some preferred embodiments, when the aromatic polyurethane is self-made, the preparation raw materials further comprise a chain extender and an antioxidant.
In some preferred embodiments, the aromatic polyurethane preparation raw materials comprise, in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of polyester polyol, 10-20 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1-5 parts of chain extender and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant.
In some preferred embodiments, the method of producing the aromatic polyurethane is with reference to the following steps:
1) Drying polyester polyol, adding the polyester polyol into a reaction container, adding diphenylmethane diisocyanate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 70-80 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1-2 hours;
2) Then cooling to 50-60 ℃, adding a chain extender and an antioxidant, mixing, 1-2 hours, and granulating to obtain the product.
In the experimental process, the applicant is researched by a large number of creative experiments, and in the application, the type of the added polyurethane has a great influence on the performance of the composite plastic obtained by one-step molding, the application can particularly solve the problem of molding of the aromatic polyurethane and the polycarbonate as the composite material, particularly, the selected aromatic polyurethane is the polyurethane prepared by diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polycarbonate diol, when the hydroxyl value of the polycarbonate diol is 40mgKOH/g, the prepared polyurethane and the polycarbonate can be ensured to have good compatibility when being mixed, and the difficulty that the material cannot be separated from a machine in the molding process is avoided, and the reason of the phenomenon is that: in the system, the polyurethane prepared from diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polycarbonate diol with a hydroxyl value of 40mgKOH/g has proper molecular weight, and proper amount of hard chain segments exist in the molecular chain, so that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the melting point of the prepared polyurethane and the polycarbonate can be controlled within a proper range, the phenomena of roller adhesion and the like in the molding process of a polyurethane mixture and a polycarbonate mixture are avoided, and a complex post-treatment process is also avoided.
In some preferred embodiments, the polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 10 to 50g/10min.
Further preferably, the polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 22g/10min (test method ASTM D1238).
Polycarbonate, designation PC-1220, available from Letian Chemicals.
In the experimental process, the applicant finds that when the composite material is prepared, the melt flow speed of the polycarbonate added in the preparation process has certain influence on the prepared composite plastic, particularly the tear strength of the material is greatly influenced, and after a great deal of creative experimental research of the applicant, when the melt flow speed of the polycarbonate is 22g/10min (test method ASTM D1238), the tear strength of the prepared composite plastic can be ensured to reach 150N/mm, and the reason why the phenomenon occurs is presumably that: when the melt flow rate of the polycarbonate is 22g/10min, and the mixture is mixed with the aromatic polyurethane mixture, the molecular chain segment of the polycarbonate can be well fused with the molecular chain segment of the polyurethane, so that when the composite plastic acts on an external force, the motion frequency of the molecular chain can be reduced, the stress concentration phenomenon caused by uneven distribution of the molecular chain is avoided, and the mechanical strength of the composite plastic is improved.
In some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of polyurethane to polycarbonate is 10: 90-90: 10.
in some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of polyurethane to polycarbonate is 70:30.
in this application, the weight ratio of control polyurethane and polycarbonate can guarantee in suitable within range that the tensile properties of the material that obtains of preparation shows the best effect with tearing the intensity to, can guarantee its better integration in forming process, realize one shot forming, the production link is simple, and processing is convenient, has avoided the waste of raw materials, has promoted product quality, has high economic value and practical value.
In some preferred embodiments, the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a dispersant, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and a mold release agent.
In some preferred embodiments, the auxiliary agent comprises a plasticizer and an ultraviolet absorber.
In some preferred embodiments, the plasticizer is DIDP available from Exxon Mobil chemical.
In some preferred embodiments, the UV absorber is selected from 2,4-dihydroxydiphenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone.
The invention provides a one-step molding process of composite plastic, which comprises the following steps:
adding polyurethane and polycarbonate into two plastic extruders respectively, adding an auxiliary agent, mixing in different plastic extruders, feeding into a calender, mixing and molding to obtain the composite plastic.
In some preferred embodiments, the temperature is controlled in the calender at 120 to 160 ℃.
Further preferably, the temperature is controlled to 140 ℃ in the calender.
In the experimental process, when the composite plastic is formed in one step, the raw materials are controlled to be fed into a calender, the calender is divided into three rolls, a temperature control device is connected between a second press roll and a third press roll, different temperatures are controlled according to extrusion forming of different materials in the calender, when the raw materials are aromatic polyurethane and polycarbonate materials, the temperature of the calender is set to be 140 ℃, roll sticking can be avoided, the use of a release agent is avoided, excessive addition of organic substances is avoided, the migration and escape of organic substances are avoided, and the environmental protection and safety performance of the prepared composite plastic are improved; through the arrangement of the method, the possibility of preparing the composite material from the materials with different melt indexes is also ensured, the prepared material has better fusion and uniformity, and the method can also be suitable for preparing plastic substrates with different melt indexes.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the one-step forming process of the composite plastic provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the method avoids the influence of the temperature on the product in the plastic molding process, ensures that the process can mix the raw materials at different temperatures, does not have complex post-treatment processes such as roller sticking and the like, can further ensure the molding quality of the prepared composite material, has simple process and strong process controllability, improves the production efficiency, can be popularized and used in a large scale and has extremely high economic benefit.
Detailed Description
Examples
Example 1
A composite plastic comprises, by weight, 70 parts of aromatic polyurethane, 30 parts of polycarbonate, 2 parts of plasticizing agent and 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent;
the aromatic polyurethane is self-made;
the aromatic polyurethane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of polyester polyol, 12 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2 parts of chain extender and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
The polyester polyol is polycarbonate diol, has a hydroxyl value of 40mgKOH/g and a product number of PH-300, and is purchased from Asahi chemical Co., ltd;
the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol;
the antioxidant is antioxidant 168, and is purchased from Shandong Polychemical Co., ltd;
the preparation method of the aromatic polyurethane refers to the following steps:
1) Drying polyester polyol, adding the polyester polyol into a reaction container, adding diphenylmethane diisocyanate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 75 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours;
2) Then cooling to 55 ℃, adding a chain extender and an antioxidant, mixing for 1 hour, and granulating to obtain the product.
The diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
The polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 22g/10min (test method ASTM D1238);
polycarbonate, designation PC-1220, was purchased from Letian chemical.
The plasticizer is DIDP purchased from Exxon Mobil chemical industry;
the ultraviolet absorbent is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy benzophenone.
A one-step molding process of composite plastic comprises the following steps:
respectively adding polyurethane and polycarbonate into two plastic extruders, then adding a plasticizer and an ultraviolet absorbent into the polyurethane plastic extruder, respectively mixing the two plastic extruders, then feeding the mixture into a calender, controlling the temperature of a second compression roller and a third compression roller of the calender to be 140 ℃, and mixing and molding to obtain the composite plastic.
Example 2
A composite plastic comprises, by weight, 70 parts of aromatic polyurethane, 30 parts of polycarbonate, 2 parts of plasticizing agent and 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent;
the aromatic polyurethane is self-made;
the aromatic polyurethane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of polyester polyol, 12 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2 parts of chain extender and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
The polyester polyol is polycarbonate diol, has a hydroxyl value of 120mgKOH/g and a product number of PH-100, and is purchased from Asahi chemical Co., ltd;
the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol;
the antioxidant is antioxidant 168, and is purchased from Shandong Polychemical Co., ltd;
the preparation method of the aromatic polyurethane refers to the following steps:
1) Drying polyester polyol, adding the polyester polyol into a reaction container, adding diphenylmethane diisocyanate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 75 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours;
2) Then cooling to 55 ℃, adding a chain extender and an antioxidant, mixing for 1 hour, and granulating to obtain the product.
The diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
The polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 22g/10min (test method ASTM D1238);
polycarbonate, designation PC-1220, was purchased from Letian chemical.
The plasticizer is DIDP purchased from Exxon Mobil chemical industry;
the ultraviolet absorbent is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy benzophenone.
A one-step molding process of composite plastic comprises the following steps:
respectively adding polyurethane and polycarbonate into two plastic extruders, then adding a plasticizer and an ultraviolet absorbent into the polyurethane plastic extruder, respectively mixing the two plastic extruders, feeding the mixture into a calender, controlling the temperature of a second compression roller and a third compression roller of the calender to be 140 ℃, and mixing and molding to obtain the composite plastic.
Example 3
A composite plastic comprises, by weight, 70 parts of aliphatic polyurethane, 30 parts of polycarbonate, 2 parts of plasticization and 1.5 parts of an ultraviolet absorbent;
the aromatic polyurethane is self-made;
the aromatic polyurethane preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of polyester polyol, 12 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2 parts of chain extender and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
The polyester polyol is polycarbonate diol, the hydroxyl value is 40mgKOH/g, the product number PH-300, purchased from Asahi chemical Co., ltd;
the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol;
the antioxidant is antioxidant 168, and is purchased from Shandong Polymer chemistry Co., ltd;
the preparation method of the aromatic polyurethane refers to the following steps:
1) Drying polyester polyol, adding the polyester polyol into a reaction container, adding diphenylmethane diisocyanate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 75 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours;
2) Then cooling to 55 ℃, adding a chain extender and an antioxidant, mixing for 1 hour, and granulating to obtain the product.
The polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 22g/10min (test method ASTM D1238);
polycarbonate, designation PC-1220, available from Letian Chemicals.
The plasticizer is DIDP purchased from Exxon Mobil chemical industry;
the ultraviolet absorbent is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy benzophenone.
A one-step molding process of composite plastic comprises the following steps:
respectively adding polyurethane and polycarbonate into two plastic extruders, then adding a plasticizer and an ultraviolet absorbent into the polyurethane plastic extruder, respectively mixing the two plastic extruders, then feeding the mixture into a calender, controlling the temperature of a second compression roller and a third compression roller of the calender to be 140 ℃, and mixing and molding to obtain the composite plastic.
Example 4
A composite plastic comprises, by weight, 30 parts of aromatic polyurethane, 70 parts of polycarbonate, 2 parts of plasticizing agent and 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent;
the aromatic polyurethane is self-made;
the aromatic polyurethane preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of polyester polyol, 12 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2 parts of chain extender and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
The polyester polyol is polycarbonate diol, has a hydroxyl value of 40mgKOH/g and a product number of PH-300, and is purchased from Asahi chemical Co., ltd;
the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol;
the antioxidant is antioxidant 168, and is purchased from Shandong Polymer chemistry Co., ltd;
the preparation method of the aromatic polyurethane refers to the following steps:
1) Drying polyester polyol, adding the polyester polyol into a reaction container, adding diphenylmethane diisocyanate, controlling the reaction temperature to be 75 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours;
2) Then cooling to 55 ℃, adding a chain extender and an antioxidant, mixing for 1 hour, and granulating to obtain the product.
The diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
The polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 22g/10min (test method ASTM D1238);
polycarbonate, designation PC-1220, was purchased from Letian chemical.
The plasticizer is DIDP purchased from Exxon Mobil chemical industry;
the ultraviolet absorbent is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy benzophenone.
A one-step forming process of composite plastic comprises the following steps:
respectively adding polyurethane and polycarbonate into two plastic extruders, then adding a plasticizer and an ultraviolet absorbent into the polyurethane plastic extruder, respectively mixing the two plastic extruders, feeding the mixture into a calender, controlling the temperature of a second compression roller and a third compression roller of the calender to be 140 ℃, and mixing and molding to obtain the composite plastic.
And (3) performance testing:
1. and (3) testing tensile strength: the composite plastics prepared in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to tensile property test with reference to GB/T528-2009;
2. and (3) testing the tearing strength: the composite plastics prepared in the examples 1 to 4 are subjected to a tear strength test, and the test method refers to GB/T529-200;
and the results of the above tests are reported in the following table.
| Experiment of the invention | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Tear Strength (N/mm) |
| Example 1 | 75.6 | 150 |
| Example 2 | 47.3 | 132 |
| Example 3 | 51.1 | 143 |
| Example 4 | 70.2 | 136 |
The performance test results show that the method for one-step molding of the composite plastic can not only avoid the phenomena of roller adhesion and the like in the preparation process, but also ensure that the prepared material has excellent mechanical properties, and can ensure that the prepared material is used in various fields such as military industry, automobiles and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The composite plastic is characterized in that the preparation raw materials comprise main materials and auxiliary agents;
the main material is polyurethane and/or polycarbonate.
2. The composite plastic of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane is at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyurethane and aromatic polyurethane.
3. The composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of polyurethane to polycarbonate is 10: 90-90: 10.
4. the composite plastic of claim 1, wherein the polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 10 to 50g/10min.
5. The composite plastic of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a dispersant, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and a mold release agent.
6. A composite plastic according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyurethane is an aromatic polyurethane.
7. The composite plastic of claim 6, wherein the raw materials for preparing the aromatic polyurethane comprise diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyester polyol.
8. The composite plastic of claim 7, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value of 10 to 100mgKOH/g.
9. A one-shot moulding process of a composite plastic material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
adding polyurethane and polycarbonate into two plastic extruders respectively, adding an auxiliary agent, mixing in different plastic extruders, feeding into a calender, mixing and molding to obtain the composite plastic.
10. The one-step molding process of composite plastic as claimed in claim 9, wherein the temperature of the composite plastic is controlled to 120-160 ℃ by feeding the composite plastic into a calender.
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