CN115367830A - Dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method - Google Patents
Dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115367830A CN115367830A CN202211092349.3A CN202211092349A CN115367830A CN 115367830 A CN115367830 A CN 115367830A CN 202211092349 A CN202211092349 A CN 202211092349A CN 115367830 A CN115367830 A CN 115367830A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination method. The equipment provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, realizes zero energy loss of ships, greatly reduces the cost of seawater desalination of the ships, and is convenient for large-scale application of seawater desalination of the ships.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seawater desalination system and a seawater desalination method, in particular to a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination method, and belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination.
Background
In ocean-going navigation, fresh water supply of a ship is one of necessary factors for ensuring normal operation of the ship, and if enough fresh water is carried, the loading capacity of the ship for goods is reduced, so that seawater desalination is very important for fresh water supply of ship navigation. At present, a seawater desalination system of a ship mainly adopts distillation or reverse osmosis technology, the distillation desalination energy consumption is high, the cost is high, the reverse osmosis technology has good desalination effect, but the investment cost is high, seawater impurities are more, the service life of reverse osmosis equipment is short, the cost is too high, and the large-scale application is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method, which are low in energy consumption and low in cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a dew point cooling humidification dehumidification solar energy sea water desalination which characterized in that: the solar water heater comprises a solar heater, an air cooling container, an air humidifying container and an air dehumidifying container, wherein air is introduced into an inlet of the solar heater, an outlet of the solar heater is connected with an upper end air inlet of the air cooling container, a side lower end air outlet of the air cooling container is connected with a side lower end air inlet of the air humidifying container, a side upper end air outlet of the air humidifying container is connected with a side upper end air inlet of the air dehumidifying container, air is discharged from a side lower end air outlet of the air dehumidifying container after dehumidification, an upper end water inlet of the air humidifying container is introduced into seawater and flows downwards along the inner wall of the air humidifying container, the seawater flows out from a lower end water outlet of the air humidifying container, and fresh water flows out from a lower end water outlet of the air dehumidifying container.
Furthermore, the air cooling container, the air humidifying container and the air dehumidifying container are independent containers, or are separated into independent cavities by partition boards in one container.
Furthermore, the outlet of the solar heater is connected with the air inlet at the upper end of the air cooling container through a first pipeline, and a thermometer and a first flow regulating valve are arranged on the first pipeline.
Further, the air outlet of the air dehumidification container is connected with the inlet of the solar heater through a second pipeline.
Furthermore, the upper end of the air humidification container is provided with a seawater distributor, the seawater distributor is fixed at a water inlet at the upper end of the air humidification container and is connected with a seawater pump through a third pipeline, and the third pipeline is provided with a second flow regulating valve.
Furthermore, the seawater distributor comprises a water inlet pipe, a water distribution tank, a plurality of water distribution pipes, a water distribution pipe support and a plurality of nozzles, wherein the water inlet pipe is arranged along the vertical direction, the lower end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the upper end of the water distribution tank, the water distribution pipes are arranged along the radial direction of the water distribution tank, one ends of the water distribution pipes are connected with the side face of the water distribution tank, the nozzles are arranged at the other end part of the water distribution pipes, and the plurality of water distribution pipes are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the water distribution tank and are fixed in the water distribution pipe support.
Furthermore, the water distribution tank is a cylindrical tank body, the water distribution pipeline support is a circular ring-shaped support, through holes matched with the water distribution pipelines are formed in the water distribution pipeline support, the water distribution pipelines are inserted into the through holes of the water distribution pipeline support and are locked and fixed through locking bolts, and the water distribution pipelines and the water distribution tank are screwed and fixed through threads.
A seawater desalination method of a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cold air enters a solar heater from an inlet of the solar heater to be heated;
s2, the heated air enters the cold air cooling container from an air inlet at the upper end of the air cooling container from an outlet of the solar heater, and the hot air is output along the air cooling container from top to bottom and is cooled to a dew point;
s3, discharging air cooled to a dew point from an air outlet of the air cooling container and entering the air humidifying container from an air inlet of the air humidifying container, conveying the air cooled to the dew point upwards along the air cooling container from bottom to top, simultaneously, allowing seawater to enter the air humidifying container from an upper water inlet of the air humidifying container and flow downwards along the inner wall of the air humidifying container, humidifying the air cooled to the dew point in the air humidifying container along an equal break line, and then ascending along a saturation line;
s4, discharging the air subjected to humidification and temperature rise from an air outlet of the air humidification container and entering the air dehumidification container from an air inlet of the air dehumidification container, enabling the air subjected to humidification and temperature rise to move from top to bottom in the air dehumidification container and reduce the humidity along a saturation line, reducing the temperature, enabling separated fresh water to slide to a water outlet in the lower end of the air dehumidification container along the inner wall of the air dehumidification container, and discharging the air subjected to dehumidification and temperature reduction from an air outlet of the air dehumidification container;
and S5, the dehumidified and cooled air enters an inlet of a solar heater, and the processes of S1-S5 are circulated, so that seawater desalination is realized.
Further, in the step S2, the temperature of the heated air at the outlet of the solar heater is collected in real time by the thermometer, and the temperature of the heated air is adjusted by controlling the air flow rate through the first flow rate adjusting valve, so that the temperature of the air output by the air cooling container is reduced to the dew point.
Further, in the step S3, the flow rate of the seawater is controlled by the second flow regulating valve, so as to saturate the air humidity at the air outlet of the air humidification container.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: according to the dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method, air is heated by solar energy and then cooled to the dew point, then is in convection with seawater to saturate the air humidity, and finally the humidity saturated air is cooled and dehumidified to extract fresh water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the seawater distributor of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a temperature and humidity variation curve of the seawater desalination method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To elaborate on technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve predetermined technical objects, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and technical means or technical features in the embodiments of the present invention may be replaced without creative efforts, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system comprises a solar heater 1, an air cooling container 2, an air humidifying container 3 and an air dehumidifying container 4, wherein air is introduced into an inlet of the solar heater 1, an outlet of the solar heater 1 is connected with an upper end air inlet of the air cooling container 2, a lower end air outlet of the side surface of the air cooling container 2 is connected with a lower end air inlet of the side surface of the air humidifying container 3, an upper end air outlet of the side surface of the air humidifying container 3 is connected with an upper end air inlet of the side surface of the air dehumidifying container 4, dehumidified air is discharged from a lower end air outlet of the side surface of the air dehumidifying container 4, seawater is introduced into an upper end water inlet of the air humidifying container 3 and flows downwards along the inner wall of the air humidifying container 3, the seawater flows out from a lower end water outlet of the air humidifying container 3, and fresh water flows out from a lower end water outlet of the air dehumidifying container 4. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, only needs to heat the air to be slightly higher than the dew point, has low energy consumption, can completely heat the air by using the solar energy, realizes zero energy loss of ships, greatly reduces the cost of seawater desalination, and is convenient for large-scale application of seawater desalination of the ships.
The air cooling container 2, the air humidifying container 3 and the air dehumidifying container 4 are independent containers, or are separated into independent cavities by partition boards in one container. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the subsequent uniform distribution of seawater inside the air humidification container 3, the air cooling container 2, the air humidification container 3, and the air dehumidification container 4 all adopt cylindrical tanks.
The outlet of the solar heater 1 is connected with the air inlet at the upper end of the air cooling container 2 through a first pipeline 5, and a thermometer 6 and a first flow regulating valve 7 are arranged on the first pipeline 5. The temperature of the heated air at the outlet of the solar heater 1 is collected in real time through the thermometer 6, and the temperature of the heated air is adjusted by controlling the air flow rate through the first flow adjusting valve 7, so that the air output by the air cooling container is cooled to the dew point. The air outlet of the air dehumidification container 4 is connected with the inlet of the solar heater 1 through the second pipeline 8, so that the air discharged from the air dehumidification container 4 is recycled, external air can be prevented from introducing pollutants by recycling the air, and meanwhile, the air discharged from the air dehumidification container 4 still has certain humidity and temperature, so that the energy consumption and the subsequent humidification requirements can be further reduced.
The upper end of the air humidification container 3 is provided with a seawater distributor 9, the seawater distributor 9 is fixed at the water inlet of the upper end of the air humidification container 3 and is connected with a seawater pump 11 through a third pipeline 10, and the third pipeline 10 is provided with a second flow regulating valve 12. The flow rate of the seawater is controlled by the second flow rate adjusting valve 12 to saturate the air humidity at the air outlet of the air humidification chamber 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the seawater distributor 9 includes an inlet channel 13, a distribution tank 14, a plurality of distribution channels 15, a distribution channel support 16, and a plurality of nozzles 17, wherein the inlet channel 13 is disposed along a vertical direction, a lower end of the inlet channel 13 is connected to an upper end of the distribution tank 14, the distribution channels 15 are disposed along a radial direction of the distribution tank 14, one end of the distribution channel 15 is connected to a side of the distribution tank 14, the nozzles 17 are disposed at an end of the other end of the distribution channel 15, and the plurality of distribution channels 15 are distributed at equal intervals along a circumferential direction of the distribution tank 14 and fixed in the distribution channel support 16. The water distribution tank 14 is a cylindrical tank body, the water distribution pipeline support 16 is a circular ring-shaped support, a through hole matched with the water distribution pipeline 15 is formed in the water distribution pipeline support 16, the water distribution pipeline 15 is inserted into the through hole of the water distribution pipeline support 16 and is locked and fixed through a locking bolt 18, and the water distribution pipeline 15 and the water distribution tank 14 are screwed and fixed through threads. The seawater distributor 9 is located at a lower side of the air outlet of the air humidification container 3, and uniformly sprays seawater on the inner wall of the air humidification container 3, so as to be in full contact with dew point air to humidify the air.
A seawater desalination method of a dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system comprises the following steps:
s1, cold air enters a solar heater from an inlet of the solar heater to be heated.
And S2, the heated air enters the cold air cooling container from the solar heater outlet through the air inlet at the upper end of the air cooling container, and the hot air is output along the air cooling container from top to bottom and is cooled to a dew point. As shown in the process 1-2 of fig. 2, the air temperature is reduced and the humidity is unchanged.
In the step S2, the temperature of the heated air at the outlet of the solar heater is collected in real time through the thermometer, and the temperature of the heated air is adjusted by controlling the air flow rate through the first flow adjusting valve, so that the air output by the air cooling container is cooled to the dew point.
And S3, discharging the air cooled to the dew point from an air outlet of the air cooling container and entering the air humidifying container from an air inlet of the air humidifying container, conveying the air cooled to the dew point upwards along the air cooling container from bottom to top, simultaneously conveying the seawater into the air humidifying container from an upper water inlet of the air humidifying container and flowing downwards along the inner wall of the air humidifying container, humidifying the air cooled to the dew point along an equal break line in the air humidifying container, and then ascending along a saturation line. As shown in the process 2-3 in fig. 2, the temperature and humidity of the air first change along the break line curve, and then simultaneously rise along the saturation line curve. The pumped seawater has higher temperature through the machine room, and does not need additional heating, and can be additionally heated when necessary.
In step S3, the flow rate of the seawater is controlled by the second flow rate control valve to saturate the air humidity at the air outlet of the air humidification container.
And S4, discharging the air subjected to humidification and temperature rise from an air outlet of the air humidification container and entering the air dehumidification container from an air inlet of the air dehumidification container, enabling the air subjected to humidification and temperature rise to move from top to bottom in the air dehumidification container and reduce the humidity along a saturation line, reducing the temperature, enabling separated fresh water to slide to a water outlet at the lower end of the air dehumidification container along the inner wall of the air dehumidification container, and discharging the air subjected to dehumidification and temperature reduction from an air outlet of the air dehumidification container. As shown in h3-h4 of fig. 2, the air is cooled and dehumidified along the saturation line, so that fresh water in the air is separated out, and seawater desalination is realized.
And S5, the dehumidified and cooled air enters an inlet of a solar heater, and the processes of S1-S5 are circulated, so that seawater desalination is realized.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dew point cooling humidification dehumidification solar energy sea water desalination which characterized in that: the solar water heater comprises a solar heater, an air cooling container, an air humidifying container and an air dehumidifying container, wherein air is introduced into an inlet of the solar heater, an outlet of the solar heater is connected with an upper end air inlet of the air cooling container, a side lower end air outlet of the air cooling container is connected with a side lower end air inlet of the air humidifying container, a side upper end air outlet of the air humidifying container is connected with a side upper end air inlet of the air dehumidifying container, air is discharged from a side lower end air outlet of the air dehumidifying container after dehumidification, an upper end water inlet of the air humidifying container is introduced into seawater and flows downwards along the inner wall of the air humidifying container, the seawater flows out from a lower end water outlet of the air humidifying container, and fresh water flows out from a lower end water outlet of the air dehumidifying container.
2. The dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air cooling container, the air humidifying container and the air dehumidifying container are independent containers, or are separated into independent cavities by partition boards in one container.
3. The dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the solar heater is connected with the air inlet at the upper end of the air cooling container through a first pipeline, and a thermometer and a first flow regulating valve are arranged on the first pipeline.
4. The dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the air outlet of the air dehumidification container is connected with the inlet of the solar heater through a second pipeline.
5. The dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seawater distributor is fixed at a water inlet at the upper end of the air humidification container and connected with a seawater pump through a third pipeline, and a second flow regulating valve is arranged on the third pipeline.
6. The dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the seawater distributor comprises a water inlet pipeline, a water distribution water tank, a plurality of water distribution pipelines, a water distribution pipeline support and a plurality of nozzles, wherein the water inlet pipeline is arranged along the vertical direction, the lower end of the water inlet pipeline is connected with the upper end of the water distribution water tank, the water distribution pipelines are arranged along the radial direction of the water distribution water tank, one end of each water distribution pipeline is connected with the side face of the water distribution water tank, the nozzles are arranged at the end part of the other end of each water distribution pipeline, and the plurality of water distribution pipelines are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the water distribution water tank and are fixed in the water distribution pipeline support.
7. The dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the water distribution tank is a cylindrical tank body, the water distribution pipeline support is an annular support, through holes matched with the water distribution pipelines are formed in the water distribution pipeline support, the water distribution pipelines are inserted into the through holes of the water distribution pipeline support and locked and fixed through locking bolts, and the water distribution pipelines and the water distribution tank are screwed and fixed through threads.
8. A seawater desalination method of dew point cooling humidifying dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, cold air enters a solar heater from an inlet of the solar heater to be heated;
s2, heated air enters the cold air cooling container from an air inlet at the upper end of the air cooling container from an outlet of the solar heater, and hot air is output along the air cooling container from top to bottom and is cooled to a dew point;
s3, discharging the air cooled to the dew point from an air outlet of the air cooling container, conveying the air cooled to the dew point upwards along the air cooling container from bottom to top, simultaneously conveying seawater into the air humidifying container from a water inlet at the upper end of the air humidifying container, flowing downwards along the inner wall of the air humidifying container, humidifying the air cooled to the dew point along an equal break line in the air humidifying container, and then ascending along a saturation line;
s4, discharging the air subjected to humidification and temperature rise from an air outlet of the air humidification container and entering the air dehumidification container from an air inlet of the air dehumidification container, enabling the air subjected to humidification and temperature rise to move from top to bottom in the air dehumidification container and reduce the humidity along a saturation line, reducing the temperature, enabling separated fresh water to slide to a water outlet in the lower end of the air dehumidification container along the inner wall of the air dehumidification container, and discharging the air subjected to dehumidification and temperature reduction from an air outlet of the air dehumidification container;
and S5, the dehumidified and cooled air enters an inlet of a solar heater, and the processes of S1-S5 are circulated, so that seawater desalination is realized.
9. The method for desalinating seawater according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S2, the temperature of the heated air at the outlet of the solar heater is collected in real time by the thermometer, and the temperature of the heated air is adjusted by controlling the air flow rate through the first flow rate adjusting valve, so that the air output from the air cooling container is cooled to the dew point.
10. The method for desalinating seawater according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S3, the flow rate of the seawater is controlled by the second flow rate regulating valve, so as to saturate the air humidity at the air outlet of the air humidification container.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211092349.3A CN115367830B (en) | 2022-09-08 | 2022-09-08 | Dew point cooling humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method |
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| CN202211092349.3A CN115367830B (en) | 2022-09-08 | 2022-09-08 | Dew point cooling humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method |
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| CN115367830B CN115367830B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| CN207986716U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-10-19 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of humidifying compression desalination plant |
| US20190241444A1 (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-08 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Solar humidifier and dehumidifier desalination method and system for the desalination of saline water |
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2022
- 2022-09-08 CN CN202211092349.3A patent/CN115367830B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN101993124A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-30 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method and device for desalting seawater by absorbing solar energy through using carbon nano tube |
| CN102674491A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-19 | 上海交通大学 | Seawater desalination device |
| CN103626249A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-12 | 天津城建大学 | Sea water desalting device and method for solar photovoltaic semiconductor refrigeration |
| WO2017007295A1 (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-12 | Universite Internationale De Rabat | System for producing fresh water by multiple-effect humidification-dehumidification |
| CN207986716U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-10-19 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of humidifying compression desalination plant |
| CN108328684A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-27 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of multistage seawater desalination system based on change carrier gas humidity |
| US20190241444A1 (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-08 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Solar humidifier and dehumidifier desalination method and system for the desalination of saline water |
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| CN115367830B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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