CN115366776A - Pressure relief device of road tank truck loading facility and use method thereof - Google Patents
Pressure relief device of road tank truck loading facility and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115366776A CN115366776A CN202211082176.7A CN202211082176A CN115366776A CN 115366776 A CN115366776 A CN 115366776A CN 202211082176 A CN202211082176 A CN 202211082176A CN 115366776 A CN115366776 A CN 115366776A
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/22—Tank vehicles
- B60P3/224—Tank vehicles comprising auxiliary devices, e.g. for unloading or level indicating
- B60P3/225—Adaptations for pumps or valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/22—Tank vehicles
- B60P3/224—Tank vehicles comprising auxiliary devices, e.g. for unloading or level indicating
- B60P3/2245—Adaptations for loading or unloading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
- B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/54—Gates or closures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure relief device of a road tank car loading facility and a using method thereof. The pressure relief device comprises a pressure relief device (7) which is provided with a pressure relief device shell. The inner cavity of the pressure relief device shell is provided with a piston (21), and the piston can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief device shell. The piston divides the inner cavity of the pressure relief device shell into a liquid material chamber and an air chamber, the liquid material chamber is positioned below the air chamber, and the liquid material chamber is connected with a pipe section between an outlet pipeline of a loading pump of a loading facility of a road tank car and an inlet of a lower loading arm through a pressure balance pipeline (15). The pressure relief device can also be provided with an upper limiting plate (181), a lower limiting plate (182), an upper buffer spring (191) and a lower buffer spring (192). The invention discloses a use method of a pressure relief device of a road tank car loading facility. The invention is mainly used in the road tank car loading facilities of petrochemical plants and reservoir areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of storage and transportation of liquid oil products, liquefied petroleum gas or chemical products in the petrochemical industry, and relates to a pressure relief device of a road tank truck unloading facility and a use method thereof.
Background
Transportation by road tank trucks is one of the main delivery modes of petrochemical liquid materials such as gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas and the like. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, in order to realize organized collection and treatment of volatile organic compounds, the loading mode of highway tank trucks such as gasoline and diesel oil is changed from top loading to bottom loading, and a dry quick coupling (also called a dry separation valve) which is the same as a liquefied petroleum gas loading arm is adopted for a bottom loading arm, so that the dry quick coupling can effectively avoid leakage of liquid materials when the bottom loading arm is separated from the tank truck. When the loading amount of the liquid material reaches the loading amount set by the flowmeter, the flowmeter controls to close the numerical control valve through a signal line, and then the dry type quick connector of the lower loading arm is separated from the dry type quick connector on the road tank car manually. In order to meet the fairness and justness of trade handover, the numerical control valve behind the outlet of the flow meter is always in a closed state until the next time of loading, so as to ensure that no liquid material flows in the flow meter; that is to say, the pipeline between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the dry quick coupling of the lower loading arm is always in a closed state when the loading operation is not carried out. The high ambient temperature in summer or the long-time solarization in other seasons can cause the temperature and the pressure of the liquid material in the closed pipeline between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the dry quick connector of the lower loading arm to rise and the volume to expand. When the pressure relief measure is not taken on the closed pipeline by the road tank car unloading facility, the following problems exist: the sealing rubber ring at the connecting part of the outlet of the lower loading arm and the dry-type quick connector, the sealing rubber ring at the upper rotating part of the lower loading arm, the sealing gasket of the upper flange of the lower loading arm and the like have liquid material leakage, so that the possibility of accumulating explosive gas in a loading area is increased, and potential safety hazard exists.
In order to solve the problems, in some existing road tank truck unloading facilities, a second safety valve or a check valve is adopted for pressure relief of the closed pipeline. The inlet of the second safety valve or the check valve is communicated with a pipe section of the outlet pipeline of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the inlet of the lower loading arm, through a pipeline, and the outlet of the second safety valve or the check valve is communicated with a pipe section of the outlet pipeline of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the outlet valve of the loading pump and the inlet of the flowmeter through a pipeline. The road tank car unloading facility is also provided with a first safety valve, the inlet of the first safety valve is communicated with the pipe section of the pump outlet pipeline of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the outlet valve of the loading pump and the inlet of the flowmeter, through a pipeline, and the outlet of the first safety valve is communicated with the pipe section of the pump inlet pipeline of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the tank root valve and the inlet of the inlet valve of the loading pump, through a pipeline. When the second safety valve or the check valve is used for pressure relief, the over-pressure liquid material is released to the storage tank through the second safety valve (or the check valve) and the first safety valve, and a seller easily performs repeated metering and cheating on the pressure-relieved liquid material. After pressure relief, if a closed pipeline between an outlet of the numerical control valve and a dry type quick coupling of a lower loading arm is subjected to temperature drop and vacuum occurs, opening difficulties of the numerical control valve and the dry type quick coupling can be caused. In addition, in the scheme of the cascade type pressure relief of the second safety valve and the first safety valve, the back pressure of the second safety valve is high, and the model selection is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pressure relief device of a road tank truck loading facility and a use method thereof, and aims to solve the following problems of the pressure relief device and the pressure relief method of the conventional road tank truck loading facility: overpressure liquid materials in a closed pipeline between an outlet of the numerical control valve and a dry-type quick connector of a lower loading arm are discharged to a storage tank, and a seller easily measures and cheats the decompressed liquid materials repeatedly; after pressure relief, if the closed pipeline is subjected to temperature drop and vacuum occurs, the numerical control valve and the dry-type quick connector are difficult to open; in the scheme of the cascade pressure relief of the second safety valve and the first safety valve, the back pressure of the second safety valve is high, and the model selection is difficult.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a pressure relief device of highway tank car equipment of downloading which characterized in that: the pressure relief device comprises a pressure relief device, the pressure relief device is provided with a pressure relief device shell, a piston is arranged in an inner cavity of the pressure relief device shell, the piston can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief device shell, the inner cavity of the pressure relief device shell is divided into a liquid material chamber and an air chamber by the piston, the liquid material chamber is positioned below the air chamber, and the liquid material chamber is connected with a pipe section between an outlet of the numerical control valve and an inlet of a lower loading arm of a loading facility of the road tank truck through a pressure balance pipeline.
The pressure relief device is further characterized in that: the pressure relief device shell consists of a piston cylinder, an upper sealing head and a lower sealing head, wherein the upper sealing head is connected with the upper end of the piston cylinder, the lower sealing head is connected with the lower end of the piston cylinder, the piston is arranged in an inner cavity of the piston cylinder, an upper limiting plate is arranged above the piston, a lower limiting plate is arranged below the piston, the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate are arranged in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder, the upper limiting plate is close to the upper end of the piston cylinder, and the lower limiting plate is close to the lower end of the piston cylinder.
The pressure relief device is further characterized in that: an upper buffer spring is arranged on the lower surface of the upper limiting plate, the upper end of the upper buffer spring is fixed on the lower surface of the upper limiting plate, the lower end of the upper buffer spring is a free end, a lower buffer spring is arranged on the upper surface of the lower limiting plate, the lower end of the lower buffer spring is fixed on the upper surface of the lower limiting plate, and the upper end of the lower buffer spring is a free end.
The invention discloses a use method of a pressure relief device of a road tank truck loading facility, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the loading of the road tank truck unloading facility is stopped, the liquid material in the closed pipeline between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the dry quick coupling of the unloading arm of the road tank truck unloading facility enters the liquid material chamber of the pressure relief device through the pressure balance pipeline for pressure relief after the temperature and the pressure rise and the volume expansion, the piston mainly or completely moves upwards under the action of the pressure of the liquid material in the liquid material chamber, and the volume of the liquid material chamber is increased.
The above method of use is further characterized in that: when the temperature and the pressure of the liquid materials in the closed pipeline and the liquid material chamber are reduced and the volume of the liquid materials is reduced, the piston mainly moves downwards under the action of the pressure of gas in the gas chamber, so that the volume of the liquid material chamber is reduced, and the liquid materials in the liquid material chamber return to the closed pipeline through the pressure balance pipeline;
or after the road tank car unloading facility starts to load the car next time, the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section of the outlet pipeline of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the inlet of the lower loading arm, through the pressure balance pipeline.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) After the unloading facility of the road tank car stops loading, the liquid material in the closed pipeline of the unloading facility of the road tank car between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the dry quick coupling of the unloading arm enters a liquid material chamber of the pressure relief device for pressure relief after the temperature and the pressure are increased and the volume is expanded; when the temperature and the pressure of the liquid materials in the closed pipeline and the liquid material chamber are reduced and the volume is reduced, the liquid materials in the liquid material chamber return to the closed pipeline. Or after the road tank car unloading facility starts to load the car next time, the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section of the outlet pipeline of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the numerical control valve and the inlet of the lower loading arm. Because the liquid material do not discharge to the storage tank, so can eliminate the seller and carry out repeated metering and the possibility of cheating to the liquid material of pressure release, be favorable to guaranteeing the fairness of trade handing-over. (2) After pressure relief, if a closed pipeline between an outlet of the numerical control valve and a dry type quick connector of a lower loading arm meets temperature drop, the pressure of liquid materials is reduced, the liquid materials in the liquid material chamber can return to the closed pipeline, vacuum is prevented from occurring, and the difficulty in opening the numerical control valve and the dry type quick connector is avoided. (3) The pressure relief device is used for relieving the pressure of the closed pipeline instead of the safety valve, and the pressure relief device is different from the scheme that the second safety valve and the first safety valve are used for pressure relief in a cascading manner in the existing road tank truck unloading facility, so that the problems of high back pressure and difficulty in model selection of the second safety valve do not exist. (4) The liquid material in the closed pipeline can enter a liquid material chamber of the pressure relief device for pressure relief, so as to prevent the leakage of the liquid material at the positions of a sealing rubber ring at the connecting part of the outlet of the lower loading arm and the dry-type quick connector, a sealing rubber ring at the upper rotating part of the lower loading arm, a sealing gasket at the upper flange of the lower loading arm and the like. (5) The pressure relief device has the advantages of simple structure, safe and efficient use method and strong practicability.
The invention is mainly used in the road tank car loading facilities of petrochemical plants and reservoir areas.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The drawings and detailed description do not limit the scope of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a road tanker installation and storage tank employing the pressure relief device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the vertical arrangement of the vent and the piston compressing the lower damping spring of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the vertical arrangement of the vent mechanism of the present invention with the piston compressing the upper damping spring.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vent mechanism of the present invention in an inclined configuration with the piston not compressing the upper and lower cushioning springs.
In fig. 1 to 4, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features. The reference numerals denote: 1, a storage tank; 2, loading a pump; 3, a flow meter; 4-a numerical control valve; 5, loading a crane pipe; 6-a dry quick joint with a loading arm 5; 7-pressure relief device; 8-inlet pipeline of loading pump; 9-an outlet pipeline of the loading pump; 10-pot root valve; 11-a truck-loading pump inlet valve; 12-a filter; 13-a check valve; 14-a loading pump outlet valve; 15-pressure balancing piping; 16-a gas injection pipe; 17-a pressure gauge; 181-upper limiting plate; 182-lower limiting plate; 191-upper buffer spring; 192-a lower buffer spring; 20-a piston cylinder; 201, an upper end enclosure; 202, lower end enclosure; 21-a piston; 22-gas injection valve; 23-a valve; 24-a safety valve; 25-safety valve inlet conduit; 26-safety valve outlet conduit; 27-signal lines.
In fig. 2 to 4, the pressure equalization duct 15 is also shown.
Detailed Description
The installation for loading the road tank car shown in figure 1 is provided with a loading pump 2, a safety valve 24, a loading arm 5 and a pressure relief device 7. The pressure relief device of the road tank truck loading facility is simply called as a pressure relief device and comprises a pressure relief device 7. An inlet pipeline 8 of the loading pump is arranged between the inlet of the loading pump 2 and the outlet of the tank root valve 10, an outlet pipeline 9 of the loading pump is arranged between the outlet of the loading pump 2 and the inlet of the lower loading arm 5, and the inlet of the tank root valve 10 is connected with the storage tank 1 through a pipeline. The direction of following jar root valve 10 export to loading pump 2 entry on the loading pump inlet pipeline 8 is equipped with loading pump inlet valve 11 and filter 12 in proper order, and loading pump outlet pipeline 9 is gone up along the direction of following loading pump 2 exports to the entry of lower loading arm 5 and is equipped with check valve 13, loading pump outlet valve 14, flowmeter 3 and numerical control valve 4 in proper order, is equipped with signal line 27 between flowmeter 3 and the numerical control valve 4. The inlet of the safety valve 24 is connected with one end of a safety valve inlet pipeline 25, and the other end of the safety valve inlet pipeline 25 is connected with a pipe section of the truck-mounted pump outlet pipeline 9, which is positioned between the outlet of the truck-mounted pump outlet valve 14 and the inlet of the flowmeter 3. The outlet of the safety valve 24 is connected with one end of a safety valve outlet pipeline 26, and the other end of the safety valve outlet pipeline 26 is connected with a pipe section of the truck-loading pump inlet pipeline 8, which is positioned between the outlet of the tank root valve 10 and the inlet of the truck-loading pump inlet valve 11. The valve 23 is arranged on both the safety valve inlet line 25 and the safety valve outlet line 26, the valve 23 serving to shut off the liquid material during maintenance of the safety valve 24.
The pressure relief device 7 is provided with a pressure relief housing, and an inner cavity of the pressure relief housing is provided with a piston 21, and the piston 21 can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief housing. The piston 21 divides the inner cavity of the pressure relief housing into a liquid material chamber and an air chamber, the liquid material chamber being located below the air chamber. The liquid material chamber is connected with a pipe section of an outlet pipeline 9 of the loading pump, which is positioned between an outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and an inlet of the lower loading arm 5, through a pressure balance pipeline 15; one end of a pressure equalization duct 15 is connected to the pipe section and the other end of the pressure equalization duct 15 is connected to the liquid material chamber.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the pressure relief device housing is composed of a piston cylinder 20, an upper end socket 201 connected with the upper end of the piston cylinder 20, and a lower end socket 202 connected with the lower end of the piston cylinder 20, and a piston 21 is arranged in an inner cavity of the piston cylinder 20. An upper limiting plate 181 is arranged above the piston 21, a lower limiting plate 182 is arranged below the piston 21, the upper limiting plate 181 and the lower limiting plate 182 are arranged in an inner cavity of the piston cylinder 20, and the edges of the upper limiting plate 181 and the lower limiting plate 182 are welded with the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20. An upper retainer plate 181 is adjacent the upper end of the piston cylinder 20 and a lower retainer plate 182 is adjacent the lower end of the piston cylinder 20. The piston 21, upper limiting plate 181 and lower limiting plate 182 are perpendicular to the centerline of the vent housing. The end of the pressure balance pipeline 15 connected with the liquid material chamber is generally positioned on the lower seal head 202, the upper seal head 201 is provided with an air injection pipe 16 and a pressure gauge 17, and the air injection pipe 16 is provided with an air injection valve 22.
An upper buffer spring 191 may be disposed on a lower surface of the upper limiting plate 181, an upper end of the upper buffer spring 191 may be welded to the lower surface of the upper limiting plate 181, and a lower end of the upper buffer spring 191 may be a free end. The lower stopper plate 182 has a lower cushion spring 192 provided on an upper surface thereof, a lower end of the lower cushion spring 192 is welded to the upper surface of the lower stopper plate 182, and an upper end of the lower cushion spring 192 is a free end. The upper cushion spring 191 and the lower cushion spring 192 are used for cushion limiting of the piston 21. The upper and lower cushion springs 191 and 192 are generally provided in an amount of 3 to 8, respectively, and may be a cylindrical spring, a disc spring, a plate spring, or the like.
An air channel is arranged on the upper limiting plate 181, and a liquid material channel is arranged on the lower limiting plate 182. The gas channel and the liquid material channel are generally open holes, and the shape of the open holes can be round, square or triangular, etc. The upper limiting plate 181 and the lower limiting plate 182 are provided with a plurality of openings which are uniformly distributed.
Referring to fig. 4, the included angle a between the center line of the vent housing and the vertical line is generally 0 to 30 degrees. When the included angle a is 0 degrees, the pressure relief device shell and the pressure relief device 7 are vertically arranged. When the included angle a is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 30 degrees, the pressure relief device shell and the pressure relief device 7 are obliquely arranged. The pressure equalizing conduit 15 is generally coaxial with the centerline of the vent housing.
The cross-sectional shapes of the piston 21, the upper limiting plate 181, the lower limiting plate 182 and the piston cylinder 20 are the same, and are circular, rectangular, oval or 8-shaped. The shapes of the upper head 201 and the lower head 202 are determined according to the cross-sectional shapes of the above components. The cross section of the piston cylinder 20 is circular, the piston cylinder 20 is cylindrical, and the piston 21 is cylindrical.
The materials of the pressure relief housing, the upper limiting plate 181 and the lower limiting plate 182 are generally carbon steel, stainless steel or alloy steel. The upper buffer spring 191 and the lower buffer spring 192 are made of spring steel, and the corrosion resistance of the upper buffer spring and the corrosion resistance of the lower buffer spring to liquid materials are ensured to be excellent. The material of the piston 21 should ensure that no spark is generated when the piston 21 rubs or collides with the pressure relief device shell (including the piston cylinder 20), the upper buffer spring 191, the lower buffer spring 192, the upper limiting plate 181 and the lower limiting plate 182, and also ensure that the corrosion resistance to liquid materials is excellent; the material of the piston 21 is typically aluminum, fluororubber, nitrile rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, or the like.
The road tanker installation shown in figure 1 comprises all the components and piping outside the storage tank 1.
When the road tank car unloading facility is normally loaded, the dry type quick connector 6 of the unloading and loading pipe 5 is connected with the dry type quick connector on the road tank car and is opened. The loading pump 2 is started, the tank root valve 10, the loading pump inlet valve 11, the loading pump outlet valve 14 and the numerical control valve 4 are all opened, and the check valve 13 and the safety valve 24 are in a normal working state. The liquid material in the storage tank 1 enters the road tank car through the inlet pipeline 8 of the loading pump, the loading pump 2, the outlet pipeline 9 of the loading pump, the lower loading arm 5, the dry type quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 and the dry type quick connector of the road tank car. Meanwhile, the liquid material in the pipe section between the outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and the inlet of the lower loading arm 5 of the loading pump outlet pipe 9 enters the liquid material chamber of the pressure relief device 7 through the pressure balance pipe 15, and the volume of the liquid material chamber is the minimum (under the condition that the liquid material chamber is filled with the liquid material).
When the loading amount of the liquid material reaches the loading amount set by the flowmeter 3, the flowmeter 3 controls to close the numerical control valve 4 through the signal line 27, then the dry type quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 is separated from the dry type quick connector on the road tank car manually, the dry type quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 is closed, and the loading operation is finished; the loading pump 2 stops running, the state of other valves is unchanged, and the volume of the liquid material chamber is kept to the minimum. The use method of the pressure relief device 7 in the pressure relief device is that after the unloading facility of the road tank car stops loading the car this time and before next loading, the liquid material in the closed pipeline (simply called closed pipeline) between the outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and the dry-type quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 enters the liquid material chamber of the pressure relief device 7 through the pressure balance pipeline 15 for pressure relief after the temperature and the pressure rise and the volume expansion. The piston 21 is moved upwards mainly or completely under the effect of the pressure of the liquid material in the liquid material chamber (referred to as liquid material pressure for short) and the volume of the liquid material chamber is increased.
When the temperature and pressure of the liquid material in the closed pipeline and the liquid material chamber are reduced and the volume of the liquid material chamber is reduced, the piston 21 mainly moves downwards under the action of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber, so that the volume of the liquid material chamber is reduced, and the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline through the pressure balance pipeline 15.
Or after the next loading of the road tank car loading facility, the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section of the loading pump outlet pipeline 9 between the outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and the inlet of the lower loading arm 5 through the pressure balance pipeline 15, and then enters the road tank car through the lower loading arm 5, the dry type quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 and the dry type quick connector on the road tank car. After this process is completed, the volume of the liquid material chamber is minimized.
When the volume of the liquid material chamber is increased, the volume of the air chamber is reduced; the volume of the gas chamber is the smallest when the volume of the liquid material chamber is the largest. When the volume of the liquid material chamber is reduced, the volume of the air chamber is increased; the volume of the gas chamber is the largest when the volume of the liquid material chamber is the smallest. And vice versa. When the volume of the liquid material chamber is changed, the liquid material chamber is filled with the liquid material all the time.
With the pressure relief device 7 provided with the upper limiting plate 181, the lower limiting plate 182, the upper cushion spring 191 and the lower cushion spring 192, when the liquid material in the closed pipe enters the liquid material chamber, in the case where the piston 21 compresses the lower cushion spring 192 (see fig. 2), when the resultant force of the pressure of the liquid material received by the lower surface of the piston 21 and the elastic force of the lower cushion spring 192 is greater than the resistance force of the piston 21 to move upward, the piston 21 moves upward. The resistance of the upward movement of the piston 21 is the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the air chamber received by the upper surface of the piston 21, the friction between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20, and the gravity of the piston 21 when the pressure release device 7 is vertically arranged, and the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the air chamber received by the upper surface of the piston 21, the friction between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20, and the gravity component of the piston 21 in the direction of the center line of the pressure release device housing when the pressure release device 7 is obliquely arranged.
When the liquid material in the closed pipeline enters the liquid material chamber, the piston 21 moves upwards when the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston 21 is higher than the resistance of the piston 21 to move upwards under the condition that the piston 21 does not compress the lower buffer spring 192 and the upper buffer spring 191 (see fig. 1 and 4). The resistance of the upward movement of the piston 21 is the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the air chamber received by the upper surface of the piston 21, the friction between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20, and the gravity of the piston 21 when the pressure release device 7 is vertically arranged, and the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the air chamber received by the upper surface of the piston 21, the friction between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20, and the gravity component of the piston 21 in the direction of the center line of the pressure release device housing when the pressure release device 7 is obliquely arranged.
When the liquid material in the closed pipeline enters the liquid material chamber, the piston 21 moves upward when the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston 21 is greater than the resistance of the piston 21 to move upward under the condition that the piston 21 compresses the upper buffer spring 191 (see fig. 3). The resistance of the upward movement of the piston 21 is the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the air chamber and the elastic force of the upper buffer spring 191, the frictional force between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20, and the gravity of the piston 21, which are received by the upper surface of the piston 21 when the pressure release device 7 is vertically arranged, and the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the air chamber and the elastic force of the upper buffer spring 191, the frictional force between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20, and the gravity component of the piston 21 in the center line direction of the pressure release device housing, which are received by the upper surface of the piston 21 when the pressure release device 7 is obliquely arranged.
When the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline, or when the next loading of the road tank truck starts, and the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section between the outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and the inlet of the lower loading arm 5 at the unloading outlet pipeline 9 (see fig. 3), when the piston 21 compresses the upper buffer spring 191, when the pressure relief device 7 is vertically arranged, when the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber, the elastic force of the upper buffer spring 191 and the gravity of the piston 21, which is received by the upper surface of the piston 21, is greater than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston 21, or when the pressure relief device 7 is obliquely arranged, when the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber, the elastic force of the upper buffer spring 191 and the gravity component force of the piston 21 along the center line direction of the pressure relief device shell is greater than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston 21, the piston 21 moves downward. The resistance of the piston 21 moving downwards is the resultant force of the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston 21 and the friction force between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20.
When the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline, or when the road tank truck unloading facility starts to load the vehicle next time, and the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section between the outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and the inlet of the lower loading arm 5, under the condition that the piston 21 does not compress the upper buffer spring 191 and the lower buffer spring 192 (see fig. 1 and 4), when the pressure relief device 7 is vertically arranged, when the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber received on the upper surface of the piston 21 and the gravity of the piston 21 is greater than the resistance of the piston 21 moving downwards, or when the pressure relief device 7 is obliquely arranged, when the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber received on the upper surface of the piston 21 and the gravity component force of the piston 21 in the direction of the center line of the shell of the pressure relief device is greater than the resistance of the piston 21 moving downwards, the piston 21 moves downwards. The resistance of the piston 21 moving downwards is the resultant force of the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston 21 and the friction force between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20.
When the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline, or when the next loading of the road tank truck is started, or when the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section between the outlet of the numerical control valve 4 and the inlet of the lower loading arm 5 at the unloading facility of the road tank truck, under the condition that the piston 21 compresses the lower buffer spring 192 (see fig. 2), when the pressure relief device 7 is vertically arranged, when the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber, which is received by the upper surface of the piston 21, and the gravity of the piston 21 is greater than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston 21, or when the pressure relief device 7 is obliquely arranged, when the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber, which is received by the upper surface of the piston 21, and the gravity component force of the piston 21 along the center line direction of the shell of the pressure relief device is greater than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston 21, the piston 21 moves downward. The resistance of the piston 21 moving downwards is the resultant force of the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston 21, the elastic force of the lower buffer spring 192 and the friction force between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20.
The liquid material return process is stopped when the volume of the liquid material chamber reaches a minimum. When the volume of the liquid material chamber is minimum, the liquid material in the liquid material chamber is reserved in the liquid material chamber; the piston 21 is positioned at a position where the lower cushion spring 192 is compressed by the maximum amount, and the compression deformation amount of the lower cushion spring 192 is the maximum.
When the resultant of the above-described forces received by the piston 21 in various states is zero, the upward or downward movement is stopped.
In the invention, the pressure of the liquid material in the liquid material chamber on the lower surface of the piston 21 and the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston 21 (as well as the elastic force of the upper buffer spring 191, the elastic force of the lower buffer spring 192, the gravity of the piston 21, the gravity component force along the central line direction of the pressure relief device shell and the friction force between the side surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston cylinder 20) are acting forces, and the unit is Newton, kilogram force and the like; the remaining pressure is in fact pressure.
The liquid material is liquid oil, liquefied petroleum gas or chemical in the petrochemical industry. The oil product is gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, naphtha or topped oil. The liquefied petroleum gas is propylene, butane or propane, or a mixture of butane and propane. The chemical product is benzene, methanol or ethanol. The temperature of the liquid material stored in the storage tank 1 is generally 10-40 ℃. At the joint of the outlet pipeline 9 of the loading pump and the pressure balance pipeline 15, when the liquid materials are oil products and chemical products, the pressure is generally 0.05-0.15 MPa; when the liquid material is liquefied petroleum gas, the pressure is generally 0.4-1.2 MPa (the pressure is gauge pressure).
The gas in the gas chamber of the pressure relief device 7 of the present invention is typically nitrogen, inert gas or carbon dioxide. Under the working condition that the loading facility of the road tank car is normally loaded or under the non-pressure-relief working condition that the loading facility of the road tank car stops loading, when the liquid material is oil or chemical products, the pressure of gas in the gas chamber is generally 0.1-0.4 MPa; when the liquid material is liquefied petroleum gas, the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber is generally 0.5-1.8 MPa (the pressure is gauge pressure). The pressure of the gas in the gas chamber is a pressure of the gas when the volume of the gas chamber is maximum. When the volume of the gas chamber is reduced, the pressure of the gas is increased, which can be calculated according to the state equation of the ideal gas. The non-decompression working condition refers to a working condition that the liquid material in the closed pipeline does not enter the liquid material chamber of the decompressor 7 for decompression due to temperature and pressure rise and volume expansion.
Referring to fig. 1, after the loading of the road tank truck unloading facility is stopped, the liquid material in the pipe section between the outlet of the check valve 13 and the inlet of the numerical control valve 4 in the loading pump outlet pipeline 9 is decompressed to the pipe section between the outlet of the tank root valve 10 and the inlet of the loading pump inlet valve 11 through the safety valve inlet pipeline 25, the safety valve 24 and the safety valve outlet pipeline 26 after the temperature and the pressure are increased and exceed the constant pressure of the safety valve 24, and then returns to the storage tank 1 through the tank root valve 10. When the pressure of the liquid material in the pipe section of the loading pump outlet pipeline 9 between the outlet of the check valve 13 and the inlet of the numerical control valve 4 is reduced to the recoil pressure of the safety valve 24, the safety valve 24 is closed, and the discharge is stopped. The constant pressure of the safety valve 24 is 1.05 to 1.15 times of the pressure of the dead point of the loading pump 2, and the recoil pressure of the safety valve 24 is 95 to 97 percent of the constant pressure of the safety valve 24. The dead point pressure of the loading pump 2 is the maximum pressure of the outlet of the loading pump 2 when the outlet valve 14 of the loading pump is closed. The safety valve 24, the safety valve inlet pipeline 25, the safety valve outlet pipeline 26 and the valve 23 belong to a part of a pressure relief device of a road tank truck unloading facility; the pressure relief process is carried out by using a safety valve 24, and belongs to a part of the pressure relief method of the road tank truck unloading facility. The pressure relief device of the road tank truck unloading facility comprises a pressure relief device 7, a safety valve 24, a pressure balance pipeline 15, a safety valve inlet pipeline 25, a safety valve outlet pipeline 26 and a valve 23.
The flowmeter 3 used in the invention is a mass flowmeter for measuring the mass flow of the liquid material. When the road tank truck unloading facility loads liquid materials to the road tank truck for the first time, the flowmeter 3 starts to measure the mass flow of the liquid materials after the pipeline between the storage tank 1 and the dry quick connector 6 of the unloading arm 5 and the liquid material chamber with the smallest volume are filled with the liquid materials. After the last loading operation is finished, the liquid material remained in the pipeline between the outlet of the flowmeter 3 and the dry-type quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 does not enter the highway tank truck of the last loading but enters the highway tank truck of the current loading. After the loading operation is finished, the liquid material remained in the pipeline between the outlet of the flowmeter 3 and the dry quick connector 6 of the lower loading arm 5 does not enter the road tank car for the loading operation, but enters the road tank car for the next loading operation.
Claims (18)
1. The utility model provides a pressure relief device of highway tank car equipment down which characterized in that: pressure relief device include pressure release ware (7), pressure release ware (7) are equipped with the pressure release ware casing, the inner chamber of pressure release ware casing is equipped with piston (21), axial displacement of pressure release ware casing can be followed in piston (21), the inner chamber of pressure release ware casing is divided into liquid material room and air chamber in piston (21), liquid material room is located the air chamber below, the pipeline section that loading pump outlet pipeline (9) of liquid material room and highway tank car lower loading facility lie in between numerical control valve (4) export and lower loading arm (5) entry links to each other through pressure balance pipeline (15).
2. The pressure relief device of claim 1, wherein: the depressor casing is by piston cylinder (20) and upper cover (201) that link to each other with piston cylinder (20) upper end, low head (202) that link to each other with piston cylinder (20) lower extreme constitute, the inner chamber of piston cylinder (20) is located in piston (21), the top of piston (21) is equipped with stopper (181), the below of piston (21) is equipped with lower stopper (182), the inner chamber of piston cylinder (20) is located in upper stopper (181) and lower stopper (182), upper stopper (181) is close to the upper end of piston cylinder (20), lower stopper (182) are close to the lower extreme of piston cylinder (20).
3. The pressure relief device of claim 2, wherein: an upper buffer spring (191) is arranged on the lower surface of the upper limiting plate (181), the upper end of the upper buffer spring (191) is fixed to the lower surface of the upper limiting plate (181), the lower end of the upper buffer spring (191) is a free end, a lower buffer spring (192) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower limiting plate (182), the lower end of the lower buffer spring (192) is fixed to the upper surface of the lower limiting plate (182), and the upper end of the lower buffer spring (192) is a free end.
4. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: an air channel is arranged on the upper limiting plate (181), and a liquid material channel is arranged on the lower limiting plate (182).
5. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the included angle between the central line of the pressure relief device shell and the vertical line is 0-30 degrees.
6. The pressure relief device of claim 2, wherein: the cross section of the piston (21) is the same as that of the piston cylinder (20), and the cross section is circular, rectangular, oval or 8-shaped.
7. A method of using a pressure relief device for road tanker underfloor installations as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: after the loading of the road tank truck unloading facility is stopped, the liquid material in a closed pipeline between the outlet of the numerical control valve (4) and the dry-type quick connector (6) of the unloading arm (5) of the road tank truck unloading facility enters a liquid material chamber of a pressure relief device (7) through a pressure balance pipeline (15) to be decompressed after the temperature and the pressure are increased and the volume is expanded, a piston (21) mainly or completely moves upwards under the action of the pressure of the liquid material in the liquid material chamber, and the volume of the liquid material chamber is increased.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: when the temperature and the pressure of the liquid materials in the closed pipeline and the liquid material chamber are reduced and the volume of the liquid materials is reduced, the piston (21) mainly moves downwards under the action of the pressure of gas in the gas chamber, so that the volume of the liquid material chamber is reduced, and the liquid materials in the liquid material chamber return to the closed pipeline through the pressure balance pipeline (15);
or after the road tank car unloading facility starts to load the car for the next time, the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the pipe section of the outlet pipeline (9) of the loading pump, which is positioned between the outlet of the numerical control valve (4) and the inlet of the unloading arm (5), through the pressure balance pipeline (15).
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: and when the piston (21) compresses the lower buffer spring (192), the piston (21) moves upwards when the combined force of the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston (21) and the elastic force of the lower buffer spring (192) is greater than the resistance of the piston (21) to move upwards, wherein the resistance of the piston (21) to move upwards is the combined force of the pressure of gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston (21), the friction force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20), the gravity of the piston (21), or the combined force of the pressure of gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston (21), the friction force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20), and the gravity component of the piston (21) in the direction of the central line of the vent casing.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein: under the condition that the piston (21) does not compress the lower buffer spring (192) and the upper buffer spring (191), when the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston (21) is larger than the upward movement resistance of the piston (21), the piston (21) moves upward, and the upward movement resistance of the piston (21) is the resultant force of the pressure of gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston (21), the friction force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20), the gravity of the piston (21), or the resultant force of the pressure of gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston (21), the friction force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20), and the gravity component force of the piston (21) in the direction of the central line of the pressure relief device shell.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein: the liquid material in the closed pipeline enters the liquid material chamber, when the piston (21) compresses the upper buffer spring (191), when the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston (21) is greater than the upward movement resistance of the piston (21), the piston (21) moves upward, and the upward movement resistance of the piston (21) is the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston (21), the elastic force of the upper buffer spring (191), the frictional force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20), the gravity of the piston (21), or the resultant force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber on the upper surface of the piston (21), the elastic force of the upper buffer spring (191), the frictional force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20), and the gravity component force of the piston (21) in the direction of the central line of the vent casing.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein: the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline or returns to the pipe section of the pump outlet pipeline (9) of the loading truck between the outlet of the numerical control valve (4) and the inlet of the lower loading arm (5), when the combined force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber received by the upper surface of the piston (21), the elastic force of the upper buffer spring (191) and the gravity of the piston (21) is larger than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston (21) under the condition that the piston (21) compresses the upper buffer spring (191), or when the combined force of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber received by the upper surface of the piston (21), the elastic force of the upper buffer spring (191) and the gravity component force of the piston (21) along the central line direction of the pressure relief device shell is larger than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston (21), the downward movement of the piston (21) is the combined force of the pressure of the liquid material received by the lower surface of the piston (21) and the friction force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20).
13. The method of claim 8, wherein: the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline or returns to the pipe section of the truck pump outlet pipeline (9) between the outlet of the numerical control valve (4) and the inlet of the lower loading arm (5), when the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber and the gravity of the piston (21) on the upper surface of the piston (21) is greater than the resistance of the piston (21) to move downwards or when the resultant of the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber and the gravity component of the piston (21) along the central line direction of the pressure relief device shell on the upper surface of the piston (21) is greater than the resistance of the piston (21) to move downwards under the condition that the piston (21) does not compress the upper buffer spring (191) and the lower buffer spring (192), the piston (21) moves downwards, and the resistance of the piston (21) to move downwards is the resultant of the pressure of the liquid material on the lower surface of the piston (21) and the friction between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20).
14. The method of claim 8, wherein: the liquid material in the liquid material chamber returns to the closed pipeline or returns to the pipe section of the truck pump outlet pipeline (9) between the outlet of the numerical control valve (4) and the inlet of the lower loading arm (5), when the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber received by the upper surface of the piston (21) and the gravity of the piston (21) are higher than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston (21) under the condition that the piston (21) compresses the lower buffer spring (192), or when the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber received by the upper surface of the piston (21) and the gravity component force of the piston (21) along the central line direction of the pressure relief device shell are higher than the resistance of the downward movement of the piston (21), the piston (21) moves downwards, and the resistance of the downward movement of the piston (21) is the combination of the pressure of the liquid material received by the lower surface of the piston (21) and the elastic force of the lower buffer spring (192) and the friction force between the side surface of the piston (21) and the inner surface of the piston cylinder (20).
15. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that: the piston (21) stops moving upwards or downwards when the resultant of the forces of claims 7 to 14, which the piston is subjected to in the various states, is zero.
16. The method of claim 7, wherein the liquid material is a liquid oil, liquefied petroleum gas or chemical product in petrochemical industry, and the method comprises the following steps: the oil product is gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, naphtha or topped oil, the liquefied petroleum gas is propylene, butane or propane, or a mixture of butane and propane, and the chemical product is benzene, methanol or ethanol.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein: the gas in the gas chamber is nitrogen, inert gas or carbon dioxide.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein: under the working condition that the loading facility of the road tank car is normally loaded or under the non-pressure-relief working condition after the loading of the loading facility of the road tank car is stopped, when the liquid material is oil or chemical products, the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber is 0.1-0.4 MPa, and when the liquid material is liquefied petroleum gas, the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber is 0.5-1.8 MPa.
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| CN202211082176.7A CN115366776B (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Pressure relief device of road tank truck unloading facility and use method thereof |
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| CN115259068A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pressure relief device of road tank truck loading facility and application method thereof |
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| CN115366776B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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