CN115363220A - Preparation method of corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound and application of compound as novel prebiotics - Google Patents
Preparation method of corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound and application of compound as novel prebiotics Download PDFInfo
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- CN115363220A CN115363220A CN202210786462.5A CN202210786462A CN115363220A CN 115363220 A CN115363220 A CN 115363220A CN 202210786462 A CN202210786462 A CN 202210786462A CN 115363220 A CN115363220 A CN 115363220A
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Images
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound and application of the compound as a novel prebiotic, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, fully mixing corn starch and chlorogenic acid, adjusting the water content to 30-40% (w/w), and standing for 24-36h to balance water; s2, carrying out screw extrusion on the balanced corn starch: heating in five regions during extrusion, extruding to form starch-polyphenol V-shaped structure with characteristic structure, lyophilizing, and pulverizing to obtain corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound. S3, carrying out an in-vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiment on the obtained corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound for 2-3 h to obtain a residue of the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound; s4, carrying out in-vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis on the obtained residues for 12-48 h. The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the invention is used as a prebiotic for the glycolysis of intestinal microorganisms, promotes the proliferation of probiotics, inhibits the proliferation of harmful bacteria, and can effectively promote the health of organisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method, in particular to a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound and application of the compound as a novel prebiotic.
Background
The main carbohydrate ingested by the human body in daily life is starch, which provides 40-60% of energy for the daily activities of the human body. Starch is classified into fast-digestible starch (RDS), slow-digestible starch (SDS), and Resistant Starch (RS) according to the rate of digestion in vivo. RS can not be digested and absorbed by small intestine, and can change the structural composition of intestinal flora and generate components such as short chain fatty acid beneficial to human body after entering large intestine. Thereby promoting the health of human body. On the other hand, the existing research defines prebiotics as substances which can change the structure of the intestinal flora, provide energy for the intestinal flora and generate metabolites beneficial to the organism, and the prebiotics comprise various components such as resistant starch, polysaccharide, polyphenol, phenolic acid and the like. In the previous research, the inventor finds that chlorogenic acid not only has better digestive enzyme activity inhibition, but also can form a V-shaped starch structure which has enzymolysis resistance and can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts with partial starch molecules through the extrusion of double screws under specific conditions, and is a potential novel prebiotics component. However, no report has been made on the preparation of chlorogenic acid-starch prebiotics by extrusion.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prebiotics prepared by twin-screw extrusion is further researched and found to be capable of obviously promoting the generation of butyric acid in intestinal tracts, increasing the content of beneficial bacteria, particularly the proliferation of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria and having unique fermentation characteristics. Therefore, the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound serving as a novel prebiotic has important application value in regulating intestinal microorganisms and improving or treating foods related to intestinal flora disturbance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for preparing a corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, adding 0.5-2.0% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid based on the dry weight of the corn starch, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to 30-40% (w/w), fully mixing, and standing for 24-36h to balance the water content;
s2, carrying out double-screw extrusion forming on the balanced corn starch; the chlorogenic acid and part of starch molecules form a starch-polyphenol V-shaped structure with enzymolysis resistance; and freeze-drying and crushing the mixture to obtain the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound.
Further, in the step S1, it is preferable to add chlorogenic acid in an amount of 2.0% (w/w) based on the dry weight of corn starch.
Further, the step S1 further includes: after fully mixing, the obtained mixture is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, is filled into a sealed bag and is placed for 24-36h at the temperature of 4 ℃ for balancing the moisture.
Further, the extrusion molding conditions in the step S2 are: feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of a double screw is 120-180rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 6-10kg/h; five-zone heating is sequentially carried out in the extrusion process in the double-helix extrusion device, wherein the temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃, the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃, and a cylindrical strip is formed after double-helix extrusion through a die.
Further, the rotation speed of the twin screw is 150rpm.
Further, the process of freeze-drying and pulverizing in step S2 specifically includes: freeze drying the extruded corn starch-chlorogenic acid composite at-20 deg.C for 36h, grinding, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain corn starch-chlorogenic acid composite.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the preparation method.
In a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a use of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex as a novel prebiotic for regulating intestinal microorganisms.
Furthermore, the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound is digested by small intestine and used as prebiotics, and the abundance of beneficial bacteria and the content of short-chain fatty acids are increased after glycolysis.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that chlorogenic acid with different proportions is added, a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound is prepared by extruding a double screw, indexes such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) yield, bifidobacterium abundance, lactobacillus abundance, escherichia coli abundance and the like are measured by simulating gastrointestinal digestion and colon anaerobic glycolysis in vitro, and compared with the traditional prebiotics fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound remarkably promotes the generation of the SCFAs, promotes the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus and bifidobacterium, and inhibits the proliferation of harmful bacteria, so that the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound can be used as a novel prebiotics to promote the health of an organism.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the short chain fatty acid production after fermentation of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex (2%) as a novel prebiotic for 24h according to the example of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the change of the crystal structure and crystallinity of starch during the fermentation of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex (2%) as a novel prebiotic according to the example of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a wien chart and species composition heat chart of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex (2%) fermented for 24h as a novel prebiotic according to the example of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relative abundance of microorganisms at the phylum level and genus level after fermentation of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex (2%) as a novel prebiotic for 24h according to the example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The features of the following examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention provides a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, respectively adding 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to 30-40% (w/w), sieving the obtained mixture with a 40-mesh sieve, filling into a sealed bag, standing at 4 ℃ for 24-36h, and balancing the water content.
S2, feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of the double screws is 150-180rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 6-10kg/h. Five zones of heating are carried out in sequence in the extrusion process. The temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃ and the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃. Then passing through a grinding tool to form a cylindrical strip, freeze-drying for 36h at-20 ℃, and grinding and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound.
The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the invention is used as a novel prebiotics for regulating intestinal microorganisms, and the experimental process specifically comprises the following steps: digesting 5.0-8.0g of corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound in vitro for 30min-1h, digesting for 2h-3h by simulating small intestine, centrifuging for 5-15min at 5000-8000 rpm, discarding supernatant, washing precipitate with distilled water for 1-3 times, and lyophilizing.
Wherein the in vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis scheme is as follows:
preparing a basic culture medium:
TABLE 1 Medium composition
Dissolving all the components in distilled water, diluting to volume of 1L, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot, transferring to an anaerobic incubator, cooling to room temperature, and adding 1mL of nutrient solution (biotin 2.0mg, folic acid 2.0mg, pyridoxine 10.0mg, riboflavin 5.0mg, cobalamin 0.1mg, and p-methylbenzoic acid 5.0 mg).
Fresh stool samples were provided from 4 healthy volunteers (2 women, 2 men, all without bowel disease and at least 3 months untreated with antibiotics, 18.5-and-BMI-and-23.5). Fully and uniformly stirring 4g (1 g per person) of fresh excrement sample and 36mL of sterile physiological saline, centrifuging at low speed to remove excrement particles, immediately transferring the obtained suspension into an anaerobic box, adding 1mL of excrement suspension into 9mL of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound and fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) basic culture medium of 5mg/mL, fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12-48h, and then measuring the yield of short-chain fatty acids, the composition of florae and the like. The change trend of the digested corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound in vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis is different from that of the traditional prebiotics, and the abundance of beneficial bacteria and the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can be increased. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, adding 0.5% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to 30% (w/w), sieving the obtained mixture with a 40-mesh sieve, filling the mixture into a sealed bag, standing for 36 hours at 4 ℃, and balancing the water content.
S2, feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of the double screws is 180rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 10kg/h. Five zones of heating are carried out in sequence in the extrusion process. The temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃ and the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃. Then forming a cylindrical strip by a grinding tool, freeze-drying for 36h at-20 ℃, grinding and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound which is named as EM-0.5CHA.
The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the invention is used as a novel prebiotics for regulating intestinal microorganisms, and the experimental process specifically comprises the following steps: digesting 8.0g EM-0.5CHA in vitro for 30min by stomach, digesting for 3h by simulated small intestine, centrifuging for 5min at 5000rpm, discarding supernatant, washing precipitate with distilled water for 1 time, and lyophilizing.
Wherein the scheme of in vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis is as follows:
preparing a basic culture medium:
TABLE 1 Medium composition
Dissolving all the components in distilled water, diluting to volume of 1L, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot, transferring to an anaerobic incubator, cooling to room temperature, and adding 1mL of nutrient solution (biotin 2.0mg, folic acid 2.0mg, pyridoxine 10.0mg, riboflavin 5.0mg, cobalamin 0.1mg, and p-methylbenzoic acid 5.0 mg).
Fresh stool samples were provided from 4 healthy volunteers (2 females, 2 males, none with bowel disease and no antibiotic treatment for at least 3 months, 18.5-and BMI-were-23.5). 4g (1 g per person) of fresh excrement sample and 36mL of sterile physiological saline are fully and uniformly stirred, excrement particles are removed by low-speed centrifugation, the obtained suspension is immediately transferred into an anaerobic box, 1mL of excrement suspension is added into 9mL of 5mg/mL EM-0.5CHA residue and fructo-oligosaccharide base culture medium, and the short-chain fatty acid yield, the flora composition and the like of the excrement suspension are measured after fermentation is carried out for 12 hours at 37 ℃.
The second embodiment:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, adding 1.0% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to 35% (w/w), sieving the obtained mixture with a 40-mesh sieve, filling the sieved mixture into a sealed bag, standing the sealed bag at 4 ℃ for 24 hours, and balancing the water content.
S2, feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of double screws is 160rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 810kg/h. Five zones of heating are carried out in sequence in the extrusion process. The temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃ and the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃. Then forming a cylindrical strip by a grinding tool, freeze-drying for 36h at-20 ℃, grinding and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the novel corn starch-chlorogenic acid prebiotics which is named as EM-1.0CHA.
The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the invention is used as a novel prebiotics for regulating intestinal microorganisms, and the experimental process specifically comprises the following steps: digesting 6.0g EM-1.0CHA in vitro for 20min by stomach, digesting for 2h by simulated small intestine, centrifuging at 6000rpm for 10min, discarding supernatant, washing precipitate with distilled water for 2 times, and lyophilizing.
Wherein, the scheme of the in vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis is as follows:
preparing a basic culture medium:
TABLE 1 Medium composition
Dissolving all the components in distilled water, diluting to volume of 1L, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot, transferring to an anaerobic incubator, cooling to room temperature, and adding 1mL of nutrient solution (biotin 2.0mg, folic acid 2.0mg, pyridoxine 10.0mg, riboflavin 5.0mg, cobalamin 0.1mg, and p-methylbenzoic acid 5.0 mg).
Fresh stool samples were provided from 4 healthy volunteers (2 females, 2 males, none with bowel disease and no antibiotic treatment for at least 3 months, 18.5-and BMI-were-23.5). 4g (1 g per person) of fresh excrement sample and 36mL of sterile physiological saline are fully and uniformly stirred, excrement particles are removed through low-speed centrifugation, the obtained suspension is immediately transferred into an anaerobic box, 1mL of excrement suspension is added into 9mL of 5mg/mL EM-1.0CHA residue and fructo-oligosaccharide basal medium, and the short-chain fatty acid yield, the flora composition and the like of the excrement suspension are measured after fermentation is carried out for 36 hours at 37 ℃.
Example three:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, adding 1.5% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to be 35% (w/w), sieving the obtained mixture with a 40-mesh sieve, filling the sieved mixture into a sealed bag, standing the sealed bag at 4 ℃ for 24 hours, and balancing the water content.
S2, feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of the double screws is 150rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 6-10kg/h. Five zones of heating are sequentially carried out in the extrusion process. The temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃ and the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃. Then forming a cylindrical strip by a grinding tool, freezing at-80 ℃, freeze-drying for 36h at-20 ℃, grinding and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the novel corn starch-chlorogenic acid prebiotics, which is named as EM-1.5CHA.
The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the invention is used as a novel prebiotics for regulating intestinal microorganisms, and the experimental process specifically comprises the following steps: digesting 7.0g of EM-1.5CHA in vitro for 30min by stomach, digesting for 3h by simulated small intestine, centrifuging at 6000rpm for 15min, discarding supernatant, washing precipitate with distilled water for 3 times, and lyophilizing.
Wherein, the scheme of in vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis is as follows:
preparing a basic culture medium:
TABLE 1 media composition
All the components were dissolved in distilled water and the volume was adjusted to 1L, and after sterilization in a sterilizer, the solution was transferred to an anaerobic incubator, and after cooling to room temperature, 1mL of a nutrient solution (2.0 mg of biotin, 2.0mg of folic acid, 10.0mg of pyridoxine, 5.0mg of riboflavin, 0.1mg of cobalamin, 5.0mg of p-toluic acid) was added.
Fresh stool samples were provided from 4 healthy volunteers (2 females, 2 males, none with bowel disease and no antibiotic treatment for at least 3 months, 18.5-and BMI-were-23.5). 4g (1 g per person) of fresh excrement sample and 36mL of sterile physiological saline are fully and uniformly stirred, excrement particles are removed by low-speed centrifugation, the obtained suspension is immediately transferred into an anaerobic box, 1mL of excrement suspension is added into 9mL of 5mg/mL jade EM-1.5CHA residue and fructooligosaccharide basal medium, and the short-chain fatty acid yield, the flora composition and the like of the excrement suspension are measured after fermentation is carried out for 48 hours at 37 ℃.
Example four:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, adding 2.0% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to 35% (w/w), sieving the obtained mixture with a 40-mesh sieve, filling the sieved mixture into a sealed bag, standing the sealed bag at 4 ℃ for 36 hours, and balancing the water content.
S2, feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of the double screws is 150rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 6-10kg/h. Five zones of heating are carried out in sequence in the extrusion process. The temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃ and the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃. Then forming a cylindrical strip by a grinding tool, freezing at-80 ℃, freeze-drying for 36h at-20 ℃, grinding and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the novel corn starch-chlorogenic acid prebiotics which is named as EM-2.0CHA.
The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound prepared by the invention is used as a novel prebiotics for regulating intestinal microorganisms, and the experimental process specifically comprises the following steps: digesting 6.0g EM-2.0CHA in vitro for 30min by stomach, digesting for 2h by simulated small intestine, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 10min, discarding supernatant, washing precipitate with distilled water for 3 times, and lyophilizing.
Wherein, the scheme of in vitro colon anaerobic glycolysis is as follows:
preparing a basic culture medium:
TABLE 1 Medium composition
Dissolving all the components in distilled water, diluting to volume of 1L, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot, transferring to an anaerobic incubator, cooling to room temperature, and adding 1mL of nutrient solution (biotin 2.0mg, folic acid 2.0mg, pyridoxine 10.0mg, riboflavin 5.0mg, cobalamin 0.1mg, and p-methylbenzoic acid 5.0 mg).
Fresh stool samples were provided from 4 healthy volunteers (2 females, 2 males, none with bowel disease and no antibiotic treatment for at least 3 months, 18.5-and BMI-were-23.5). 4g (1 g per person) of fresh excrement sample and 36mL of sterile physiological saline are fully and uniformly stirred, excrement particles are removed through low-speed centrifugation, the obtained suspension is immediately transferred into an anaerobic box, 1mL of excrement suspension is added into 9mL of 5mg/mL EM-2.0CHA residue and fructo-oligosaccharide basal medium, and the short-chain fatty acid yield, the flora composition and the like of the excrement suspension are measured after fermentation is carried out for 24 hours at 37 ℃.
Control group:
the negative control group without carbohydrate was named Blank, and the positive control group with fructo-oligosaccharide was named FOS.
Analyzing the crystal structure of the prepared corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound:
the crystal structure of the starch after extrusion is shown in figure 1 after 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) chlorogenic acid is added into the corn starch. After extrusion, the crystal structure of the corn starch is changed into A + V type (2 theta =13.5 degrees, 15.2 degrees, 17.1 degrees, 19.8 degrees and 22.5 degrees), when the addition amount is 2.0 percent, the intensity of a diffraction peak of 2 theta =17.1 degrees is gradually weakened, the intensity of a diffraction peak of 2 theta =19.8 degrees is gradually enhanced, and the crystallinity is gradually reduced along with the increase of the addition amount of chlorogenic acid, which indicates that the chlorogenic acid changes the crystal structure of the corn starch and reduces the crystallinity under the extrusion condition. Therefore, it is preferred to add 2.0% (w/w) chlorogenic acid based on the dry weight of the corn starch.
And (3) performing probiotic effect analysis on the prepared corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound:
(1) Effect of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complexes as novel prebiotics on short chain fatty acid production
The levels of SCFAs after 24h fermentation for the different sample sets are shown in figure 2 below. Due to the different effects of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex and FOS on intestinal flora, there are differences in the yields of acetic acid, butyric acid and propionic acid. There was no significant difference in the acetogenic ability of EM-2.0CHA compared to FOS, a traditional prebiotic (p > 0.05). The corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound can remarkably promote the generation of butyric acid (6.46 mmol/L), and the capacity of producing propionic acid in the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound is weaker than FOS (p is less than 0.05). After 24 hours of anaerobic fermentation, the total SCFAs content of EM-2.0CHA is the highest (p is less than 0.05), which shows that the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound can remarkably promote the generation of short-chain fatty acid and better promote the human health.
(2) Crystal form structure change of corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound digestion residue in glycolysis process
As shown in fig. 3, for EMS-2.0CHA, the crystallinity shows a first-to-last-to-fall course (0 h-12.11%,4h-14.09%,8h-19.26%,12 h-14.54%) during the glycolysis process, indicating that during the glycolysis process, the intestinal flora first attacks the amorphous regions of starch and then attacks the exposed crystalline regions, causing the crystallinity to rise.
(3) Species composition analysis Venn diagram of corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex as novel prebiotics can be used for counting the number of species (such as OTU) shared and unique in multiple groups or multiple samples, and comparing the species (such as OTU) composition similarity and overlapping condition in different environmental samples. As shown in FIG. 4, 164 species shared by Blank, FOS and EM-2.0CHA, 38 species shared by Blank, 8 species shared by FOS, 13 species shared by EM-2.0CHA, and 23 species shared by FOS and EM-1.0CHA, illustrate that the flora OUT composition of FOS is more similar. The Heatmap is a two-dimensional matrix or table characterized by color gradient, and the data size reflects the similarity and difference of community composition of different groups (or samples) at each taxonomic level through color change. At the genus level, FOS and EM-2,OCHA are more similar and the flora structure composition is similar, indicating that the intestinal flora of FOS and EM-2.0CHA are more similar at the genus level.
(4) A flora composition containing corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex as novel prebiotics
The relative abundance of the microorganisms at the phylum and genus levels after 24h fermentation for the different sample sets is shown in FIG. 5. At the phylum level, the corn starch-chlorogenic acid complexes decreased the Firmicutes abundance and promoted Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria abundance compared to the FOS group. At a subordinate level, the dominant genera of FOS were paramyxum (41.72%), streptococcus (29.23%), bifidobacterium (12.47%), and maize starch-chlorogenic acid complex was dominated by paramyxum (20.43%), streptococcus (20.37%), and Bifidobacterium (16.75%). The Bifidobacterium is respectively EM-2.0CHA >blank in a high-to-low sequence, the unclassified-o-Lactobacillus is respectively EM-2.0CHA >.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing a proper amount of corn starch, adding 0.5-2.0% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid based on the dry weight of the corn starch, adding distilled water to adjust the water content to 30-40% (w/w), fully mixing, and standing for 24-36h to balance the water content;
s2, carrying out double-screw extrusion forming on the balanced corn starch; the chlorogenic acid and part of starch molecules form a starch-polyphenol V-shaped structure with enzymolysis resistance; and freeze-drying and crushing the mixture to obtain the corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein 2.0% (w/w) of chlorogenic acid based on dry weight of corn starch is preferably added in step S1.
3. The method for preparing corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S1 further comprises: after fully mixing, the obtained mixture is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, is filled into a sealed bag and is placed for 24-36h at the temperature of 4 ℃ for balancing the moisture.
4. The method for preparing corn starch-chlorogenic acid composite according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion molding conditions in step S2 are as follows: feeding the balanced mixed raw materials into a double-screw extrusion device, wherein the rotating speed of a double screw is 120-180rpm/min, and the feeding speed is 6-10kg/h; five-zone heating is sequentially carried out in the extrusion process in the double-helix extrusion device, wherein the temperature of the first zone is 50 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 60 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 70 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 80-90 ℃, the temperature of the transition zone is 90-100 ℃, and a cylindrical strip is formed after double-helix extrusion through a die.
5. The method for preparing corn starch-chlorogenic acid composite according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotation speed of the twin screws is 150rpm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex comprises: the freeze-drying and crushing process in the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps: freeze drying the extruded corn starch-chlorogenic acid composite at-20 deg.C for 36h, grinding, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain corn starch-chlorogenic acid composite.
7. A corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex, characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Application of corn starch-chlorogenic acid compound as novel prebiotics in regulating intestinal tract microorganism is provided.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the corn starch-chlorogenic acid complex is used as a prebiotic after being digested by the small intestine and improves the abundance of beneficial bacteria and the content of short-chain fatty acids after being fermented by the intestinal tract.
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