CN115361076A - MIMO radio frequency channel test method - Google Patents
MIMO radio frequency channel test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115361076A CN115361076A CN202210955417.8A CN202210955417A CN115361076A CN 115361076 A CN115361076 A CN 115361076A CN 202210955417 A CN202210955417 A CN 202210955417A CN 115361076 A CN115361076 A CN 115361076A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing an MIMO radio frequency channel, which comprises the following steps: step 1: the main control computer PC controls the DUT to work according to a normal mode; step 2: the DUT transmits signals of each radio frequency channel to the combiner; and step 3: the combiner receives signals transmitted by the DUT, synthesizes the received signals into a composite signal and then transmits the composite signal to the VSA; and 4, step 4: the VSA analyzes the received composite signal and sends the analysis result to the PC; in step 1, the DUT reserves a port set by the transmission codebook for the master controller to dynamically select the codebook. The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention can flexibly select the transmitting channel and the testing channel, realizes the test of any MIMO channel combination in a software-based mode, does not need to add a high-speed switch routing hardware system, can realize two testing schemes of traditional antenna selection and composite MIMO at low cost, and can flexibly realize the zero-delay switching of the two schemes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a method for testing a MIMO radio frequency channel.
Background
The multi-antenna communication system is the current main stream communication technology, is widely applied in the communication fields of 802.11, 3GPP, 802.15, digital broadcasting, radar, satellite communication and the like, and can multiply improve the communication capacity, reliability and the like of the system along with the increase of radio frequency receiving and transmitting channels. But the MIMO communication mode also brings great challenge to the radio frequency channel test, compared with a single antenna system, the number of channels of the MIMO system is increased, the test time is also increased by times, and the cost of the final product on the market is increased; moreover, mutual interference exists among multiple MIMO channels, and how to test the mutual interference among the RF channels on the quasi-side is also a problem which needs to be solved by the test.
In the existing MIMO radio frequency conduction test system, there are mainly three test modes based on the difference of application scenarios and test requirements: true MIMO testing (True MIMO), sequential MIMO testing (Sequential MIMO) and Composite MIMO testing (Composite MIMO).
True MIMO testing
The real MIMO test simulates the real working state of the MIMO system, and uses multi-channel simultaneous transmission and multi-channel simultaneous reception, as shown in fig. 1, the main control computer controls the DUT to work according to normal MIMO, all channels transmit signals simultaneously, each rf channel of the DUT and the receiving channel of the VSA correspond to each other one by one, each channel of the VSA analyzes various received data independently and in parallel and sends the data back to the main control computer for analysis. The scheme can accurately test various radio frequency indexes of MIMO, but needs to occupy a plurality of test ports of a VSA test instrument at the same time, has very high test cost and is generally used in the early development stage.
Sequence MIMO testing
As shown in fig. 2, the sequential MIMO testing system tests a certain channel based on a special fast routing circuit, and tests the channel by turning on different radio frequencies at different times, and completing the testing of multiple radio frequency channels of the whole MIMO system through multiple tests. The scheme reduces the VSA cost of the True MIMO test system, but a special high-speed channel selection circuit needs to be designed, and the test cost of the whole system is still high.
Composite MIMO testing
As shown in fig. 3, the signal sent by the DUT is combined into one signal by the combiner, and the VSA analyzes the combined signal. The Composite MIMO test system is a low-cost test system, but the VSA can only analyze the synthesized signals of a plurality of channels of the DUT, and cannot perform independent analysis on each channel, so that the MIMO test capability is lower than that of True MIMO and Sequential MIMO, and many MIMO test indexes cannot be tested based on a Composite MIMO system.
Current MIMO test schemes can be referred to:
《US20110096821A1-DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS TEST SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE INPUT,MULTIPLE OUTPUT(MIMO)SYSTEMS》
《US07817566B2-Wired MIMO link tester》
《WO2013_169324A1-SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TESTING A RADIO FREQUENCY(RF)MULTIPLE-INPUT-MULTIPLE-OUTPUT(MIMO)DEVICE UNDER TEST(DUT)》
CN 108135005A-measuring device and measuring method for composite MIMO measurement
CN 102265664A-digital communication test system of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system
In the Sequential testing scheme, as shown in fig. 4, a DUT transmits in a normal MIMO mode, but a main control computer PC controls a routing circuit to connect different ports Port0, port1, and Port2 \8230atdifferent times t0, t1, and t2, at this time, the VSA can only analyze the radio frequency characteristics of the connected DUT ports, and all the MIMO ports are tested through a plurality of time sequences.
The existing three mainstream MIMO radio frequency channel test schemes have obvious defects, the VSA required by True MIMO has a plurality of independent radio frequency channels, the Sequential MIMO test requires a special high-speed hardware switching circuit, the test cost of the two schemes is higher, composite MIMO can only obtain the radio frequency indexes of Composite signals of the plurality of channels, the single indexes of each channel cannot be completely analyzed, and the use scene is very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing an MIMO radio frequency channel, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and the master control computer PC controls the DUT to work in a normal mode.
Step 2: the DUT transmits signals for each radio frequency channel to the combiner.
And step 3: the combiner receives signals transmitted by the DUT, synthesizes the received signals into a composite signal and then transmits the composite signal to the VSA.
And 4, step 4: and the VSA analyzes the received composite signal and sends the analysis result to the PC.
In step 1, the DUT reserves a port set by the transmission codebook for the master controller to dynamically select the codebook.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step 1, the master control computer PC controls the transmission codebook used by the DUT through the reserved port of the DUT.
As a further improvement of the invention, the transmitting codebook comprises a specified protocol codebook and a user-configured codebook.
As a further improvement of the invention, if a user-configured codebook is used, the codebook can be transmitted to the DUT through the master control computer PC and the DUT can directly take the codebook.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step 4, the signal received by the comprehensive measuring instrument VSA can be represented as:
wherein h is 0 ,h 1 ,....,h N-1 Transmitting ports 0 to 1 are respectively connected to equivalent channels of a receiving Port of the comprehensive tester; w is a 0 ,w 1 ,....,w N-1 Pre-coding weight values on corresponding transmitting ports;
precoding vectors for originating MIMO; n is a radical of an alkyl radical 0 ,n 1 ,....,n N-1 Is the equivalent noise of one radio frequency channel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the master PC controls the sending terminal MIMO precoding vector used by the DUT
The emitting behavior of each radio frequency channel of the DUT can be controlled, if the weight w of the channel i And =0 is equivalent to no emission of the DUT rf channel, which is equivalent to the disconnection of the path.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the True MIMO transmission signal needs to be generated, the master PC instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook
As a further improvement of the invention, when the Sequential MIMO signal needs to be generated, the main control computer PC instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook in turn for the next subframe
As a further improvement of the invention, when the Composite MIMO signal needs to be generated, the master PC instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook
Any of the above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the MIMO radio frequency channel test method can flexibly select the transmitting channel and the test channel, realizes the test of any MIMO channel combination in a software-based mode, does not need to add a high-speed switch routing hardware system compared with the existing test system, can realize the traditional antenna selection and composite MIMO test schemes with low cost, and can flexibly realize the zero-delay switching of the two schemes.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-4 are background views of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a sequential MIMO mode of operation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a mathematical model of a MIMO communication system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of True MIMO equivalent test waveforms in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a Sequential MIMO equivalent test waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a Composite MIMO equivalent test waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the mutual interference test between any of the multiple channels of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an equivalent hardware circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an equivalent test system based on a DUT built-in codebook according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of an equivalent test system based on a user-defined codebook according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for testing an MIMO radio frequency channel, which is based on the existing MIMO communication scheme, does not need any software function module change and hardware module addition for systems such as NR,802.11 and the like, only needs a DUT to reserve a reserved interface for selecting a codebook for a master control machine to dynamically select the codebook, and allows a user to input the codebook to realize the channel selection function for other MIMO systems such as an early LTE system and the like and a reserved interface of a DUT (Device Under Test equipment). The user codebook setting is the basic function of the MIMO communication system, and basically all MIMO communication systems support, that is, the whole functions of Sequential MIMO and Composite MIMO can be realized only by reserving interfaces on software without changing the existing communication system.
As shown in fig. 5, in the MIMO radio frequency channel testing method disclosed in the present invention, a testing hardware composition system is the same as that of Composite MIMO, a DUT transmits in a normal mode, signals of each transmitted radio frequency channel are combined into a Composite signal through a combiner, and a VSA analyzes the received Composite signal; the difference is that when the main control computer PC controls the DUT to transmit through the reserved software port of the DUT, a designated protocol codebook or a user-configured codebook is used, if the user-configured codebook is used, the codebook can be transmitted to the DUT through the main control computer PC, and the DUT can be directly used.
The mathematical model of the MIMO communication system is shown in fig. 6.
The data vector to be transmitted is
X＝WS
After passing through the respective channels and combiners, the received signal of the integrated tester can be expressed as:
wherein h is 0 ,h 1 ,....,h N-1 Transmitting ports 0 to 1 are respectively connected to equivalent channels of a receiving Port of the comprehensive tester; w is a 0 ,w 1 ,....,w N-1 For the precoding weights on the corresponding transmit port,
precoding vectors for originating MIMO; n is a radical of an alkyl radical 0 ,n 1 ,....,n N-1 Is the equivalent noise of a radio frequency channel.
Originating MIMO precoding vector used by master control machine PC through controlling DUT
The emitting behavior of each radio frequency channel of the DUT can be controlled, if the weight w of the channel i And =0 is equivalent to no emission of the DUT radio frequency channel, which is equivalent to the channel being disconnected.
Take NR UE 4Tx as an example
When it is desired to generate a True MIMO transmit signal,
the master control computer instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook
The signal received by the integrated tester is as shown in fig. 7, and at this time, each rf channel transmits a data stream S1, S2, S3, S4.
When it is desired to generate a Sequential MIMO signal
The main control computer instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook in sequence in the next subframe
As shown in detail in fig. 8.
When a Composite MIMO signal needs to be generated
The master PC instructs the UE to use any of the following PUSCH codebooks.
As shown in particular in fig. 9.
It can be seen that by controlling the transmit codebook used by the DUT, the DUT can be controlled to generate any one of the transmit waveforms required for True MIMO, sequential MIMO and Composite MIMO tests without requiring additional hardware devices or software development overhead, the only requirement being that the DUT reserve an interface for the transmit codebook settings.
Based on the MIMO radio frequency channel test method provided by the invention, all test functions of Sequential MIMO and composite MIMO can be realized without any change to the existing communication system basically, as described above.
By controlling the codebook, smooth switching can be realized in the test modes of True MIMO, sequential MIMO and Composite MIMO, and the method is more efficient than a hardware-based switching mode. Test functions that cannot be achieved by current Sequential MIMO and composite MIMO can be achieved as shown in fig. 10.
Equivalent to the hardware circuit shown in fig. 11, that is, by controlling the precoding vector, the combination of any ports can be realized, and the signal relationship between any ports can be analyzed, but the test system based on the hardware switch circuit can only select a single channel, can only analyze the performance of a single radio frequency channel, and cannot analyze any combined channel and the mutual influence between channels.
As shown in fig. 12, the built-in precoding matrices of the currently mainstream communication systems, such as 5g,802.11ac, and 802.11ax, all have an antenna selection function, and the controller PC only needs to control the DUT to select the codebook of the corresponding codebook index to implement the corresponding function.
As shown in fig. 13, for a part of MIMO communication system without antenna selection codebook, at this time, the DUT may be made to operate in Beamforming operating mode, that is, the DUT uses a user-defined precoding vector, and at this time, the host PC may specify the precoding vector used by the DUT to implement a composite waveform of one or more specified channels.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the MIMO radio frequency channel test method can flexibly select the transmitting channel and the test channel, realizes the test of any MIMO channel combination in a software-based mode, does not need to add a high-speed switch routing hardware system compared with the existing test system, can realize the traditional antenna selection and composite MIMO test schemes with low cost, and can flexibly realize the zero-delay switching of the two schemes.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A MIMO radio frequency channel test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the main control computer PC controls the DUT to work according to a normal mode;
step 2: the DUT transmits signals of each radio frequency channel to the combiner;
and 3, step 3: the combiner receives signals transmitted by the DUT, synthesizes the received signals into a composite signal and then transmits the composite signal to the comprehensive tester VSA;
and 4, step 4: the VSA analyzes the received composite signal and sends the analysis result to the PC;
in step 1, the DUT reserves a port set by the transmission codebook for the master controller to dynamically select the codebook.
2. The method for testing the MIMO RF channel according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the master PC controls the transmission codebook used by the DUT through the reserved port of the DUT.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmission codebook comprises a designated protocol codebook and a user-configured codebook.
4. The MIMO RF channel test method of claim 3, wherein if a user configured codebook is used, the codebook can be transmitted to the DUT through the master PC and the DUT can directly access the codebook.
5. The method for testing the MIMO radio frequency channels according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4, the VSA receiving signal is represented as:
wherein h is 0 ,h 1 ,....,h N-1 Transmitting ports 0 to 1 are respectively connected to equivalent channels of a receiving Port of the comprehensive tester; w is a 0 ,w 1 ,....,w N-1 Pre-coding weight values on corresponding transmitting ports;
precoding vectors for originating MIMO; n is 0 ,n 1 ,....,n N-1 Is the equivalent noise of a radio frequency channel.
6. The MIMO RF channel test method of claim 5, wherein the master PC controls the transmit-side MIMO precoding vectors used by the DUT
The emitting behavior of each radio frequency channel of the DUT can be controlled, if the weight w of the channel i And =0 is equivalent to no emission of the DUT rf channel, which is equivalent to the disconnection of the path.
7. The MIMO RF channel testing method of claim 6, wherein when it is required to generate a True MIMO transmission signal, the master PC instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook
8. The MIMO RF channel testing method of claim 6, wherein when a Sequential MIMO signal needs to be generated, the PC as the master controller instructs the UE to sequentially use the PUSCH codebook for the next sub-frame
9. The MIMO RF channel testing method of claim 6, wherein when a Composite MIMO signal needs to be generated, the master PC instructs the UE to use the PUSCH codebook
Any one of the above.
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