CN115356586A - Double-end time synchronization method and system for power transmission line - Google Patents
Double-end time synchronization method and system for power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A double-end time setting method for a power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, collecting the measured voltage and the measured current on one end of the power transmission line and the power transmission parameters of the power transmission line, and calculating the estimated voltage on the opposite end of the power transmission line based on the collected data; and 2, respectively comparing the estimated voltage and the time-setting measurement voltage at the two ends of the power transmission line so as to time-set the two ends of the power transmission line. The method is simple, the result is accurate, the time setting schemes at two ends of the power transmission line can be accurately obtained, and the balance between algorithm complexity and accuracy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a double-end time synchronization method and a double-end time synchronization system for a power transmission line.
Background
At present, for a high-voltage transmission line, a current differential protection technology is still one of relay protection methods which can realize quick action of the whole line of a power grid and have the best performance. However, the current differential protection technology requires accurate time synchronization characteristics among a plurality of protection devices located at different positions of the power transmission line. If time synchronization cannot be ensured among a plurality of protection devices, the occurrence of operation rejection and misoperation of differential protection is likely to be caused, and at the moment, the differential protection result is not accurate enough, so that power grid faults and even damage can be further caused.
Although various methods exist in the prior art for synchronizing the time synchronization of the differential protection devices on the transmission lines, these time synchronization methods rarely take into account the actual transmission delay of the signals on different transmission lines, or even if the transmission delay of the power signals on the transmission lines is taken into account, the estimation is inaccurate.
On the other hand, if it is desired to accurately obtain the signal transmission delay on the transmission line, the estimation algorithm for the transmission line transmission delay in the prior art is generally complex, and it is difficult to achieve the balance between the complexity and the accuracy of the algorithm.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a double-end time synchronization method and a double-end time synchronization system for a power transmission line.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for double-end time synchronization of a power transmission line.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a double-end time setting method for a power transmission line, which comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting the measured voltage and the measured current on one end of the power transmission line and the power transmission parameters of the power transmission line, and calculating the estimated voltage on the opposite end of the power transmission line based on the collected data; and 2, respectively comparing the estimated voltage at the two ends of the power transmission line with the time-setting measurement voltage so as to time-set the two ends of the power transmission line.
Preferably, the measurement voltage and the measurement current are continuously acquired by adopting a voltage transformer and a current transformer which are positioned at two ends of the power transmission line respectively based on a preset sampling interval.
Preferably, the power transmission parameter comprises a line unit impedance R of the power transmission line 0 Line unit inductance L 0 And a unit capacitor C of the lead 0 Unit conductance of line G 0 And a line length l.
Preferably, the duration of the continuous acquisition should be greater than
Where ω is the angular frequency of the power signal.
Preferably, the estimated voltage is calculated by the formula
Wherein M and N are two ends of the transmission line respectively,
tau is the total time delay of the transmission of the power signal on the transmission line,
u and i are the collected measurement voltage and measurement current respectively,
A u 、B u 、C u 、D u 、E u and F u The constant values are determined by the parameters of the power transmission line.
Preferably, the parameters are in accordance with
Preferably, the total time delay of the transmission of the power signal over the power transmission line is
Preferably, the estimated voltage at the M and N terminals
Measured voltage u with terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M When the (t-tau) is equal, judging that the time synchronization of the protection equipment at the M end and the N end is accurate; when the estimated voltage of the M and N terminals
With measured voltages u at terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M When one of the (t-tau) is equal and the other is not equal, judging that the time setting of the protection equipment of the M end and the N end is accurate and the equipment of the M end or the N end fails; when the estimated voltage of M and N terminals
Are respectively connected withMeasuring voltage u of N and M terminals N (t-τ)、u M And when the (t-tau) is not equal, judging that the protection devices at the M end and the N end need to time again.
Preferably, in [0,T]Internal step-by-step regulation of tau 0 And compares the estimated voltage again
Respectively with the measured voltage u N (t-τ)、u M Whether (t- τ) are equal, if so, τ 0 Re-clocking the protection devices at the M end and the N end for the time difference, wherein T is the transmission period of the power signal; after time synchronization is carried out again, if the estimated voltage of M and N ends
Measured voltage u with terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M The (t- τ) is still not equal, and it is determined that the connection modes of the protection devices at the M and N ends are inconsistent with the route description.
The invention relates to a double-end time-setting system of a power transmission line, which comprises the power transmission line, protection devices and acquisition devices, wherein the protection devices and the acquisition devices are positioned on two sides of the power transmission line; the system is used for realizing the power transmission line double-end-to-time method in the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for double-end time synchronization of the power transmission line have the advantages that the signal transmission delay can be calculated through the related parameters of the power transmission line, the transmission formulas at two ends of the equivalent circuit of the power transmission line are solved, the actual time synchronization mode of the signals at two ends of the line is obtained, and therefore accurate time synchronization is achieved according to the actual time synchronization mode. The method is simple, the result is accurate, the time setting schemes at two ends of the power transmission line can be accurately obtained, and the balance between algorithm complexity and accuracy is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention also include:
1. in the process of solving the transmission formula, the transmission loss of each phase of the power transmission line is fully considered, and the transmission formula is solved on the basis, so that various transmission losses of signals are fully considered in the calculation process, and the calculation result is more accurate.
2. The method deduces a transmission relation equation between the voltage and the current at one end of the power transmission line and the voltage and the current at the other end, fully considers the influence of the measured voltage and the measured current at the other end on the voltage and the current at the local end, and greatly compresses the complexity of an algorithm by taking the equation as a formula, so that the voltage and the current conditions at the other end can be quickly deduced according to the measured voltage and the measured current conditions.
3. After the characteristics of the transmission relation equation are considered, the time synchronization calibration between a plurality of protection devices with time synchronization difference is realized by adopting a phase shift method in an adaptive manner, so that the differential protection result is more accurate, and the safe operation of a power grid is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of steps of a double-end time setting method of a power transmission line according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a power transmission line in the prior art;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a single-phase power transmission line in a double-end time setting method of the power transmission line according to the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of double-end phase shifting in the method for double-end time shifting of the power transmission line of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.
Fig. 1 is a schematic step flow diagram of a method for double-end time synchronization of a power transmission line according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for double-end pairing of power transmission lines, which includes the following steps.
It can be understood that, the time synchronization method in the invention can firstly collect corresponding parameters and then establish a transmission relation formula at two ends of the transmission line based on the relevant parameters. The transmission relation formula can be the relation between the current and voltage at one end and the current and voltage values at the other end. Therefore, the values of the other end voltage and the current can be accurately estimated according to the line parameters and the current-voltage condition of one end.
By the method, the estimated voltage and current can be compared with the actually measured voltage and current, so that the time synchronization difference still existing at the two ends of the power transmission line can be obtained, and time synchronization can be realized.
The transmission line can be a connecting line between various power generation, transmission and transformation equipment in a power grid of a power system, and the line can be used for transmitting electric energy. For example, one end of the line may be a generator device of a transformer, the other end may be a transformer device such as a transformer, or the like, or may include a control device such as a breaker. Types of transmission lines may also include overhead transmission lines and cable lines.
In order to realize the time setting of the two ends of the transmission lines, the invention assumes that the two ends of the transmission lines are provided with differential protection equipment. These differential protection devices may also include devices for measuring transmission signals at line terminals, such as a current transformer and a voltage transformer.
Preferably, the measurement voltage and the measurement current are continuously acquired by adopting a voltage transformer and a current transformer which are positioned at two ends of the power transmission line respectively based on a preset sampling interval.
The measured voltage and the measured current in the invention can be voltage and current data continuously acquired by the transformer equipment. These data are stored in the memory of the differential protection device over time, and are referred to as the measured voltage and the measured current. Of course, in order to improve the real-time performance during time synchronization, the invention can also directly use the voltage and current data acquired in real time for calculation.
The preset sampling interval in the present invention may be preset, and generally speaking, in order to make the time setting result more accurate, the sampling interval should be smaller than, or even much smaller than, the cycle time of the power system transmission signal.
Preferably, the power transmission parameter comprises a line unit impedance R of the power transmission line 0 Line unit inductance L 0 And a unit capacitor C of the lead 0 Unit conductance of line G 0 And a line length l.
In the invention, in order to accurately acquire the transmission relation formula of the power transmission line, relevant parameters in the power transmission line are firstly acquired, and the parameters can be used for fully characterizing the characteristics of the power transmission line. Generally, the transmission performance of the cable is different according to the type of the cable or the external environment of the cable, so the method of the present invention can directly obtain the parameters of the unit length of the cable, such as unit impedance, unit inductance, unit capacitance, unit conductance, etc., according to the type of the cable. In addition, according to the line length of the transmission line, the actual transmission delay of the signal in the total length of the transmission line can be obtained.
Preferably, the estimated voltage is calculated by the formula
Wherein M and N are two ends of the transmission line respectively, tau is the total time delay of the transmission of the power signal on the transmission line, u and i are the collected measurement voltage and measurement current respectively,
to estimate the voltage, A u 、B u 、C u 、D u 、E u And F u The constant values are determined by the parameters of the power transmission line.
The transmission relation formula of the two ends of the line calculated in the invention is as described above. The following describes a specific solution process of the formula.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a power transmission line in the prior art. As shown in fig. 2, in the present invention, if it is assumed that there is no transmission loss at both ends of the power transmission line, the power transmission line can be simplified to the equivalent circuit shown in fig. 2. M and N are two end points of the line respectively. The two ends of the line can be divided into a plurality of lines with dx length, wherein the dx length approaches 0.
The inductance value of the dx length of wire may be represented as L 0 dx and the capacitance to ground at both ends of the conductor can be C 0 dx (x). Assuming that the voltage and current at one end of the dx length of wire are u and i, respectively, the voltage current value at the other end can be as shown in the right part of fig. 2.
Thus, from the equivalent circuit in FIG. 2, the formula can be derived
Solving the above equation, can obtain
Because the amplitude of the instantaneous electromagnetic wave is influenced by the fluctuation amplitude of the previous time and the fluctuation amplitude of the next time, the relation formula of the voltage and the current between the M endpoint and the N endpoint can be obtained by integration according to the invention
In the formula, τ may be a signal transmission delay on the power transmission line.
In particular, the parameter τ may be calculated from the total length of the line and the transmission speed of the signal on the line.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a single-phase transmission line in the transmission line double-end time setting method and system. As shown in fig. 3, however, during the actual transmission of the signal, the impedance of the transmission line is not 0, and there are various losses in the signal transmission. Taking an actual power transmission line as an example, generally, the length of the power transmission line is long, and meanwhile, a high line impedance exists on a common power transmission line, and the line impedance is difficult to ignore the delay of signal transmission. In addition, although corona loss exists on the line, the corona loss in a common direct current transmission line is small, and the corona loss in a high-voltage overhead line can be avoided or compensated by various technical means. Therefore, the value of the corona loss is also assumed to be 0 in the present invention.
Thus, the method in fig. 3 can be used to establish an equivalent circuit of the transmission line. In particular, the lossless conductor may be divided into four series resistors, with an equivalent lossless line included between the two series resistors. Therefore, ohm's law can be adopted and substituted into the previous formula, and then the relation formula of the two ends of the circuit under the condition of loss can be obtained.
The calculation formula is
In the calculation formula, the voltage and current state at the other end of the power transmission line can be obtained according to the voltage and current condition at the current moment at one end of the power transmission line, the voltage and current condition at the previous wave band and the voltage and current condition at the next wave band.
In addition, in the invention, the number of the sections divided by the power transmission line can be designed according to the precision of the equivalent circuit. For example, the line is divided into two segments in fig. 3, or the line may be divided into four segments in the same manner, and the conversion formula of the voltage and the current at two ends of the circuit is solved according to a plurality of equivalent resistances and equivalent lossless lines. It is conceivable that the more the divided segments, the higher the accuracy of the equivalent circuit, and the present invention may set the divided segments according to the required equivalent accuracy.
Thus, the formula expression can be modified so that it meets the requirements for fast calculation, resulting in an estimated voltage of
Preferably, the parameters are in accordance with
After the power transmission line is determined, the values of the parameters are also determined, so that the values of the estimated voltage can be solved by taking the parameters as constants. It should be noted that the calculated voltage is not the actual voltage, but is estimated according to the algorithm of the present invention. There may be some difference between this estimated value and the actual value. Therefore, in the invention, the value range of the error can be designed, when the value of the error is smaller than the maximum range, the error can be considered to be ignored, and the pair of the two ends is accurate enough.
Preferably, the duration of the continuous acquisition should be greater than
Where ω is the transmission angular velocity of the power signal.
It should be noted that the duration of the continuous acquisition in the present invention should be at least 2 τ to satisfy the calculation requirement of the contralateral voltage and current.
Preferably, the total time delay of the transmission of the power signal over the power transmission line is
It is understood that the total transmission delay in the present invention can be calculated according to the transmission phase speed of the signal on a specific line and the total length of the line.
And 2, respectively comparing the estimated voltage at the two ends of the power transmission line with the time synchronization measurement voltage so as to time synchronization of the two ends of the power transmission line.
After the estimated voltage in step 1 is obtained, it can be calculated with the time-lapse measurement voltage on the other side of the transmission line.
Preferably, when the estimated voltage of M and N terminals
With measured voltages u at terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M When the (t-tau) is equal, judging that the time synchronization of the protection equipment at the M end and the N end is accurate; when the estimated voltage of M and N terminals
Measured voltage u with terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M When one of the (t-tau) is equal and the other is not equal, judging that the time setting of the protection equipment of the M end and the N end is accurate and the equipment of the M end or the N end fails; when the estimated voltage of the M and N terminals
Measured voltage u with terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M When (t- τ) is not equalAnd judging that the protection equipment at the M end and the N end needs to time again.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of double-end phase shifting in the method for double-end time shifting of the power transmission line of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, it can be understood that, in the method of the present invention, the measured voltage and the current at two sides of the line may be collected respectively, and the estimated voltage at two sides may be estimated respectively. At the same time, the above estimates are compared with the actual measurements. If the results of the two sides are consistent, the time setting of the protection equipment on the two sides is accurate, adjustment is not needed, and meanwhile, the equipment on the two sides does not have any acquisition fault.
In addition, if only one side of the data is matched, the time setting can be determined to be accurate, but certain equipment faults exist in the data processing or acquisition of the other side of the data. At this point, the device may issue an alarm and look for the main source of the problem. Here, the device failure of the M-terminal or N-segment may be a failure of a protection device located at one terminal, or a failure of a corresponding communication device.
If the data on the two sides cannot be matched, the device on the two sides has faults, or the time synchronization between the devices on the two sides is not accurate enough. At this time, the phase of one side of data is only required to be shifted, and time synchronization is performed again until the data can be matched.
Preferably, in [0,T]Internal step-by-step regulation of tau 0 And compares the estimated voltage again
Respectively with the measured voltage u N (t-τ)、u M Whether (t- τ) are equal, if so, τ 0 Re-clocking the protection devices at the M end and the N end for the time difference, wherein T is the transmission period of the power signal; after time synchronization is carried out again, if the estimated voltage of M and N ends
Measured voltage u with terminals N and M, respectively N (t-τ)、u M (t- τ) is still not equalAnd judging that the connection mode of the protection equipment at the M end and the N end is inconsistent with the route record.
The time synchronization method in the invention can be realized according to the sampling interval set before, wherein tau 0 A gradual adjustment may be implemented, for example, which initially equals one sampling interval, the estimated value is compared to the actual value, and if the two are not equal or approximately equal, the comparison is incremented for two sampling intervals and then the calculation continues until the estimated value and the actual value are equal. When the two are equal, τ 0 The value of (c) is the time lapse that needs to be adjusted.
Taking the sampling time of the N-side device as a reference, if the phase of the calculated voltage on the M side is ahead of the phase of the measured voltage on the N side by a, the sampling time on the M side is delayed correspondingly, and the specific delay time is a/omega, so that the two ends of the line are synchronized. Similarly, if the phase of the calculated voltage on the M-side lags the phase of the measured voltage on the N-side, it needs to be advanced by a corresponding time to keep both ends synchronized.
By the method, the time difference between the two ends of the line can be accurately acquired, and the rapid and accurate time synchronization is realized, so that the system can meet the rapid and accurate time synchronization.
However, if the actual connection mode of the line is different from the connection mode recorded in the route, the estimated value and the actual value may still not be matched after the time synchronization operation mentioned above for many times, and at this time, the system may send an alarm to prompt that the route is wrong.
The invention relates to a double-end time-setting system of a power transmission line, which comprises the power transmission line, protection devices and acquisition devices, wherein the protection devices and the acquisition devices are positioned on two sides of the power transmission line; the system is used for realizing the power transmission line double-terminal pairing method in the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for time synchronization of the two ends of the power transmission line can calculate the signal transmission delay through the relevant parameters of the power transmission line and solve the transmission formulas at the two ends of the equivalent circuit of the power transmission line so as to obtain the actual time synchronization mode of the signals at the two ends of the line, thereby realizing accurate time synchronization according to the actual time synchronization mode. The method is simple, the result is accurate, the time setting schemes at two ends of the power transmission line can be accurately obtained, and the balance between algorithm complexity and accuracy is realized.
The present applicant has described and illustrated embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the detailed description is only for the purpose of helping the reader to better understand the spirit of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and on the contrary, any improvement or modification made based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A double-end time setting method for a power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting the measured voltage and the measured current on one end of the power transmission line and the power transmission parameters of the power transmission line, and calculating the estimated voltage on the opposite end of the power transmission line based on the collected data;
and 2, respectively comparing the estimated voltage and the time synchronization measurement voltage on the two ends of the power transmission line so as to time synchronization of the two ends of the power transmission line.
2. The electric transmission line double-terminal pairing method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and the measurement voltage and the measurement current are continuously acquired by adopting a voltage transformer and a current transformer which are positioned at two ends of the power transmission line respectively based on a preset sampling interval.
3. The electric transmission line double-terminal pairing method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the power transmission parameters comprise line unit impedance R of the power transmission line 0 Line unit inductance L 0 And a unit capacitor C of the lead 0 Unit conductance of line G 0 And a line length l.
4. The electric transmission line double-terminal pairing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the duration of the continuous acquisition should be greater than
Where ω is the angular frequency of the power signal.
5. The electric transmission line double-terminal pairing method according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the estimated voltage is calculated by the formula
Wherein M and N are two ends of the transmission line respectively,
τ is the total time delay of the transmission of the power signal over the power line,
u and i are the collected measurement voltage and measurement current respectively,
A u 、B u 、C u 、D u 、E u and F u The constant values are determined by the transmission line parameters.
6. The electric transmission line double-end-pairing method according to claim 5, characterized in that:
said parameter being in accordance with
7. The electric transmission line double-end pairing method according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the total time delay of the transmission of said power signal over said transmission line is
8. The electric transmission line double-terminal pairing method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
said estimated voltage at said M and N terminals
The measured voltage u of the N terminal and the M terminal respectively N (t-τ)、u M When the (t-tau) is equal, judging that the time setting of the M and N-end protection equipment is accurate;
when coming toSaid estimated voltage of said M and N terminals
The measured voltage u of the N terminal and the M terminal respectively N (t-τ)、u M (t- τ) when one of the M-terminal and the N-terminal is equal to the other, determining that the time synchronization of the M-terminal and the N-terminal protection device is accurate, and the M-terminal or the N-terminal device fails;
said estimated voltage at said M and N terminals
The measured voltage u of the N terminal and the M terminal respectively N (t-τ)、u M And when the (t-tau) is not equal, judging that the protection devices at the M end and the N end need to time again.
9. The electric transmission line double-end pairing method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
at [0,T ]]Internal step-by-step regulation of tau 0 And re-comparing the estimated voltage
Respectively with said measuring voltage u N (t-τ)、u M Whether (t- τ) are equal, if so, τ 0 Re-clocking the protection devices of the M and N ends for a time difference, wherein T is the transmission period of the power signal;
after time synchronization is carried out again, if the estimated voltages of the M and N ends
The measured voltage u of the N terminal and the M terminal respectively N (t-τ)、u M And (t-tau) is still not equal, and the connection mode of the protection equipment at the M end and the N end is judged to be inconsistent with the route record.
10. The utility model provides a transmission line bi-polar to time system which characterized in that:
the system comprises a power transmission line, protection devices and acquisition devices, wherein the protection devices and the acquisition devices are positioned on two sides of the power transmission line;
wherein the system is used for implementing a power transmission line double-terminal-pair method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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