CN115355541B - Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable head cap cover - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable head cap cover Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115355541B CN115355541B CN202210977702.XA CN202210977702A CN115355541B CN 115355541 B CN115355541 B CN 115355541B CN 202210977702 A CN202210977702 A CN 202210977702A CN 115355541 B CN115355541 B CN 115355541B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- head cap
- annular structure
- holes
- air jet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/52—Toroidal combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
Abstract
The application provides a hydrogen-fuelled non-premixed combustion chamber of a variable head cap comprising: the head cap comprises a horizontal section and a diffusion section; the flame tube is fixedly connected with the diffusion section and arranged at the air inlet rear side of the diffusion section, and a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed main combustion holes and mixing holes are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the flame tube along the axial direction; an air jet plate positioned at the front end of the main combustion hole and provided with a plurality of air jet holes penetrating along the axial direction; the hydrogen jet plate is arranged at the axial rear side of the air jet plate and is provided with a plurality of hydrogen jet holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and hydrogen fuel ejected from the hydrogen jet holes can be fully mixed and combusted with air flow flowing through the air jet holes; the horizontal segment comprises a first annular structure and a second annular structure, the second annular structure is sleeved outside the first annular structure, the second annular structure and the first annular structure can generate relative motion in the axial direction, and the channel area between the head cap and the combustor casing can be adjusted by controlling the horizontal segment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel engines, in particular to a hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with a variable head cap.
Background
The traditional aviation kerosene has large carbon content in molecules, has relatively more carbon emission, and cannot realize the purpose of decarburization emission. Although a combustion organization mode with low NOx emission can be implemented, high-efficiency combustion cannot be realized in a short axial distance due to low aviation kerosene combustion rate, so that the axial size of a combustion chamber is long, the required cooling air quantity of a flame tube is large, the design of lean oil in a main combustion area is difficult, and meanwhile, the problems of long gas residence time, increased NOx emission and heavy weight of the combustion chamber are also caused due to the long axial size of the combustion chamber. In order to ensure low NOx emission, the combustion organization mode usually adopts a lean oil design, and compared with hydrogen fuel, the combustion range of aviation kerosene is narrow, and the flameout boundary range of the lean oil is correspondingly reduced.
The hydrogen fuel combustion chamber has obvious zero-carbon emission advantage, has great potential for aviation decarburization, but has high temperature of hydrogen combustion flame, so that high-temperature oxidation reaction of nitrogen and oxygen in the air is caused, and a large amount of pollutant nitrogen oxides are generated. For example, in the same gas-oil ratio state, the combustion temperature of the main combustion area of the hydrogen fuel combustion chamber is higher than that of the aviation kerosene combustion chamber, and if the gas-oil ratio of the main combustion area of the hydrogen combustion chamber is kept consistent with that of the conventional combustion chamber, the combustion temperature of the main combustion area cannot be reduced.
Therefore, how to control the main combustion zone temperature is of great importance for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions.
In addition, the currently common hydrogen fuel low pollution technology is the premixed hydrogen combustion technology, which has the lowest emission potential of nitrogen oxides, but has the problems of poor flame stability, flashback and nature, which affect the structural strength and reliability of the engine.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present application to provide a variable head cap hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber that solves or alleviates at least one of the problems of the background art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a variable head cap hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber, said combustion chamber comprising:
the head cap comprises a horizontal section and a diffusion section;
the flame tube is fixedly connected with the diffusion section of the head cap and is arranged at the air inlet rear side of the head cap, and a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed main combustion holes and mixing holes are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the flame tube along the axial direction;
the air jet plate is arranged in the flame tube and positioned at the front end of the main combustion hole, and is provided with a plurality of air jet holes penetrating along the axial direction;
the hydrogen jet plate is arranged at the axial rear side of the air jet plate and is provided with a plurality of hydrogen jet holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and hydrogen fuel ejected from the hydrogen jet holes can be fully mixed and combusted with air flow flowing through the air jet holes;
the horizontal segment comprises a first annular structure and a second annular structure, the first annular structure is fixedly connected with the diffusion segment, the second annular structure is sleeved outside the first annular structure, the second annular structure and the first annular structure can generate relative motion in the axial direction, and the channel area between the head cap cover and the combustor casing can be adjusted by controlling the horizontal segment.
Further, the tail of the flame tube is provided with a telescopic structure which is adapted to the combustion chamber casing.
Further, the diameters of the main combustion hole and the blending hole are the same or different.
Further, the plurality of main fuel holes and the blending holes arranged circumferentially are identical or different in number.
Further, the diffuser section, the first annular structure and the flame tube of the head cap cover form an integral structure in a welding mode.
Further, the axis of the hydrogen jet hole on the hydrogen jet plate is perpendicular to the axis of the air jet hole on the air jet plate.
Further, the air jet plate and the hydrogen jet plate are combined into a whole structure through welding or additive manufacturing.
Further, the second annular structure of the horizontal segment is controlled by a controller.
The hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with the variable head cap provided by the application adopts a micro-scale non-premixed combustion organization mode, so that zero carbon and low nitrogen oxide emission can be realized. The combustion chamber can intelligently adjust the equivalence ratio and flame temperature of the main combustion area, further reduce NOx emission, and simultaneously remarkably improve flame stability and widen the stable working range of the engine.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution provided by the present application, the following description will briefly refer to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the figures described below are merely some embodiments of the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hydrogen-fueled non-premixed combustion chamber of the variable head cap of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application become more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
The application provides a hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with a variable head cap, which can intelligently adjust the equivalence ratio and flame temperature of a main combustion area on the basis of a micro-scale non-premixed combustion organization mode, further reduce NOx emission when an engine works in a large state (namely a state with higher rotating speed), further improve combustion efficiency and widen lean flameout limit when the engine works in a small state, and further improve the stable working boundary of the engine.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber of the variable head cap provided by the application mainly comprises: a head cap 1 with a variable structure, a flame tube 2, an air jet plate 3, a hydrogen jet plate 4, a diffuser 5 and a combustor casing 6.
The diffuser 5 is a diffuser-type annular passage provided at the front end of the combustion chamber.
The combustor casing 6 is disposed at an axial rear end of the diffuser 5, and forms an integral structure with the diffuser 5 by welding.
The head cap 1 is arranged at the front end of a passage formed by the diffuser 5 and the combustion chamber housing 6 and comprises a straight horizontal section 11 and a conical expansion section. The horizontal segment 11 is capable of relative displacement in the axial direction under the control of the controller 7, thereby adjusting the distance between the head cap 1 and the casing combustion chamber 6. Preferably, the axial direction of the horizontal segment 11 is collinear with the axial direction of the diffuser 5 and the combustor casing 6.
The flame tube 2 is a cylindrical tube structure, and is arranged at the rear end of the head cap cover 1, and the flame tube 2 and the head cap cover 1 can form an integral structure in a welding mode. Wherein, the flame tube 2 is provided with a main combustion hole 21 and a mixing hole 22, and the main combustion hole 21 and the mixing hole 22 are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction in the axial direction. The main combustion hole 21 and the mixing hole 22 are provided in plural in the circumferential direction, and the diameters of the openings may be the same or different. In the illustrated embodiment of the application, the primary fuel holes 21 and the blending holes 22 have substantially the same opening diameters. Further, the plurality of main combustion holes 21 and the blending holes 22 provided in the circumferential direction may be the same or different in number. In the illustrated embodiment of the application, the number of circumferential distributions of the primary fuel holes 21 and the blending holes 22 is the same. The main combustion holes 21 and the blending holes 22 are generally uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. In one embodiment of the present application, the tail of the flame tube 2 is in a contracted structure, which is adapted to the contracted structure of the tail of the combustor casing 6.
The air jet plate 3 is arranged in the integral structure formed by the head cap 1 and the flame tube 2 and is arranged at the front end of the main combustion hole 21. The air jet plate 3 has a thin plate type structure, and a plurality of air jet holes 31 penetrating in the axial direction are formed therein. In the present application, the air jet holes 31 are arranged in a regular manner. For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the air jet holes 31 have two circles in the radial direction, and are arranged at intervals on each circle.
The hydrogen jet plate 4 is annular and is arranged at the axial rear side of the air jet plate 3, and the hydrogen jet plate 4 is provided with a plurality of hydrogen jet holes 42 with tiny apertures uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, wherein the axis of the hydrogen jet holes 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the air jet holes 31, so that a perpendicular cross arrangement mode is formed. In an embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen fuel may flow into the hydrogen gas collecting cavity 41 formed by the hydrogen jet plate 4, the flame tube 2 and the air jet plate 3 through a hydrogen fuel delivery pipe passing through the air jet plate 3 or through a hydrogen fuel channel formed on the air jet plate 3, and then the hydrogen fuel may be mixed and combusted with the air flowing through the air jet holes 31 through the radially arranged hydrogen jet holes 42.
In some embodiments of the application, the air jet plate 3 and the hydrogen jet plate 4 may be combined into a unitary structure by welding or additive manufacturing.
By controlling the horizontal section 11 of the head cap 1 to move left and right in the axial direction, the area of the outer chamber passage between the head cap 1 and the combustor casing 6 can be changed.
In the present application, the horizontal section 11 of the headgear 1 is controllable by the controller 7.
In one embodiment for realizing the head cap 1 controlling the outer chamber passage area between it and the combustion chamber casing 6, the horizontal section 11 is constituted by two annular structures, the first annular structure being fixed to the diffuser section, the second annular structure being sheathed outside the first annular structure and being connected to an actuator which can be arranged on the diffuser section or on the diffuser 5. The controller 7 is connected with the actuator cylinder to control the contraction of the actuator cylinder, so that the horizontal section 11 moves in the axial direction, and the open area of the outer cavity channel between the horizontal section and the combustion chamber casing 6 is changed.
In use, the airflow flows into the diffuser 5, at the head of the combustion chamber, a part of airflow Q1 flows through the head cap 1, enters the air jet hole 31 and is fully mixed with the hydrogen transversely jetted by the hydrogen jet hole 42 for combustion, a plurality of tiny flame groups are formed, the airflow Q2 which does not pass through the head cap 1 winds outside the cavity of the head cap 1, flows along the side wall of the flame tube 2 along the downstream direction, is used for cooling the wall surface of the flame tube 2, passes through the main combustion hole 21 of the flame tube 2 and enters the main combustion area for combustion, and the blending area which passes through the blending hole 22 is used for adjusting the outlet temperature field of the flame tube 2.
When the engine works in a large state, the horizontal section 11 moves leftwards along the axial direction under the control of the controller 7, so that the channel area between the head cap cover 1 and the combustion chamber casing 6 is reduced, the head air quantity is increased, the equivalence ratio of a main combustion area is reduced, lean oil combustion is realized, the flame temperature is reduced, and the NOx emission is further reduced;
when the engine works in a small state, the horizontal section 11 moves rightwards along the axial direction under the control of the controller 7, so that the channel area between the head cap cover 1 and the combustion chamber casing 6 is increased, the air quantity entering the head and the main combustion area is further reduced, the equivalent ratio of the main combustion area is increased, and sufficient flame temperature is provided for reducing the emission of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon, thereby realizing efficient combustion, improving the flame stability and improving the stable working boundary of the engine.
The hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with the variable head cap provided by the application adopts a micro-scale non-premixed combustion organization mode, so that zero carbon and low nitrogen oxide emission can be realized. The combustion chamber can intelligently adjust the equivalence ratio and flame temperature of the main combustion area, further reduce NOx emission, and simultaneously remarkably improve flame stability and widen the stable working range of the engine.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A variable head cap hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber, said combustion chamber comprising:
a head cap (1) comprising a horizontal section (11) and a diffuser section (12);
the flame tube (2) is fixedly connected with the diffusion section (12) of the head cap (1) and is arranged at the air inlet rear side of the head cap (1), and a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed main combustion holes (21) and mixing holes (22) are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the flame tube (2) along the axial direction;
an air jet plate (3) arranged in the flame tube (2) and positioned at the front end of the main combustion hole (21), wherein the air jet plate (3) is provided with a plurality of air jet holes (31) penetrating along the axial direction;
the hydrogen jet plate (4) is arranged at the axial rear side of the air jet plate (3), the hydrogen jet plate (4) is provided with a plurality of hydrogen jet holes (42) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and hydrogen fuel ejected from the hydrogen jet holes (42) can be fully mixed and combusted with air flow flowing through the air jet holes (31);
the horizontal section (11) comprises a first annular structure and a second annular structure, the first annular structure is fixedly connected with the diffusion section (12), the second annular structure is sleeved outside the first annular structure, the second annular structure and the first annular structure can generate relative motion in the axial direction, and the channel area between the head cap (1) and the combustor casing (6) can be adjusted by controlling the horizontal section (11).
2. A hydrogen-fuelled, non-premixed burner according to claim 1, wherein the tail of the flame tube (2) has a telescopic structure adapted to the burner box (6).
3. A hydrogen-fuelled, non-premixed combustion chamber of a variable head cap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the primary combustion orifice (21) and the blending orifice (22) have the same or different bore diameters.
4. A hydrogen-fuelled, non-premixed burner for a variable head cap as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein a plurality of said main burner orifices (21) and blending orifices (22) arranged circumferentially are identical or different in number.
5. A hydrogen-fuelled, non-premixed combustion chamber of a variable head cap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the diffuser section of the head cap (1), the first annular structure and the flame tube (2) are formed as a unitary structure by welding.
6. A hydrogen-fuelled non-premixed burner of a variable head cap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the axis of the hydrogen jet holes (42) on the hydrogen jet plate (4) is perpendicular to the axis of the air jet holes (31) on the air jet plate (3).
7. The hydrogen-fuelled, non-premixed burner of a variable head cap as claimed in claim 6 wherein the air jet plate (3) and the hydrogen jet plate (4) are combined into a unitary structure by welding or additive manufacturing.
8. A hydrogen-fuelled, non-premixed burner of a variable head cap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second annular configuration of the horizontal segment (11) is controlled by a controller (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210977702.XA CN115355541B (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2022-08-15 | Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable head cap cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210977702.XA CN115355541B (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2022-08-15 | Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable head cap cover |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115355541A CN115355541A (en) | 2022-11-18 |
| CN115355541B true CN115355541B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
Family
ID=84001569
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210977702.XA Active CN115355541B (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2022-08-15 | Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable head cap cover |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115355541B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114234235A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-25 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Jet hole structure of high-performance cyclone combustion chamber |
| CN114321978A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Diffuser outlet flow distribution intelligent adjusting system and adjusting method |
| CN114688559A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-07-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | High-efficiency mixing head structure of low-emission hydrogen fuel combustion chamber |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5546432B2 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2014-07-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Gas turbine combustor and fuel supply method |
| CN110657452B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-10-27 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Low-pollution combustion chamber and combustion control method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-08-15 CN CN202210977702.XA patent/CN115355541B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114321978A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Diffuser outlet flow distribution intelligent adjusting system and adjusting method |
| CN114234235A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-25 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Jet hole structure of high-performance cyclone combustion chamber |
| CN114688559A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-07-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | High-efficiency mixing head structure of low-emission hydrogen fuel combustion chamber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115355541A (en) | 2022-11-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3816516B1 (en) | Low pollution combustor and combustion control method therefor | |
| JP2954480B2 (en) | Gas turbine combustor | |
| US4054028A (en) | Fuel combustion apparatus | |
| CN101375101B (en) | Gas turbine burner and method of mixing fuel and air in a swirling area of a gas turbine burner | |
| US20100319353A1 (en) | Multiple Fuel Circuits for Syngas/NG DLN in a Premixed Nozzle | |
| CN103017203B (en) | The fractional combustion chamber of a kind of main combustion stage loopful air inlet | |
| EP2754963A1 (en) | Gas turbine combustor | |
| CN111396927B (en) | Two-dimensional array low-pollution combustion device without traditional swirler | |
| JP2009052877A (en) | Gas turbine premixer with radial multistage flow path, and air-gas mixing method for gas turbine | |
| CN108980891B (en) | Center-graded low-emission combustion chamber head with pneumatic flow guide and anti-backfire structure | |
| CN110878948B (en) | Gas turbine axial staged combustor and control method thereof | |
| JP6228434B2 (en) | Gas turbine combustor | |
| CN107543201A (en) | A kind of oil-poor directly injection and mixing low pollution combustor | |
| CN107143880B (en) | Lean oil multi-point direct injection head for low-pollution combustion chamber of gas turbine | |
| CN108954388A (en) | A kind of multiple spot unit directly sprays fractional combustion room | |
| CN114811581B (en) | Air-fuel dual-stage high-proportion hydrogen-doped ultralow-nitrogen combustor, method and boiler | |
| CN115355532B (en) | Hydrogen fuel combustion chamber head structure of cylindrical jet hole | |
| CN103930723A (en) | Tangential annular combustor with premixed fuel and air for use on gas turbine engines | |
| WO2021215458A1 (en) | Cluster burner, gas turbine combustor, and gas turbine | |
| CN115355541B (en) | Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable head cap cover | |
| CN115355531B (en) | Hydrogen fuel combustion chamber head structure of half-runner jet hole | |
| CN115355533B (en) | Hydrogen fuel combustion chamber head structure of runway type jet hole | |
| CN115355530A (en) | Head structure of hydrogen fuel combustion chamber with semi-cylindrical jet hole | |
| JP2016023916A (en) | Gas turbine combustor | |
| CN115355538B (en) | Hydrogen fuel non-premixed combustion chamber with variable mixing hole area |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |