CN115355445A - Natural gas air-floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method - Google Patents
Natural gas air-floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115355445A CN115355445A CN202210909083.0A CN202210909083A CN115355445A CN 115355445 A CN115355445 A CN 115355445A CN 202210909083 A CN202210909083 A CN 202210909083A CN 115355445 A CN115355445 A CN 115355445A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012369 In process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010965 in-process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/12—Cooling
- F01D25/125—Cooling of bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0662—Details of hydrostatic bearings independent of fluid supply or direction of load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/002—Cooling of bearings of fluid bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/18—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for measuring the quantity of conveyed product
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/20—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for steam-driven turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and a control method, wherein the natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system comprises independent branches, each independent branch comprises a main branch, a turbine is arranged in each main branch, the main branches are connected with bypass branches in parallel, the front parts of the main branches are connected with bearing air branches in parallel, and the rear parts of the main branches are connected with cooling air branches in parallel; and the two sides of the independent branch are respectively provided with an original station field branch ball valve BV01 and an original station field branch ball valve BV02. A control method of the natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system is also provided; the invention enables the turbine unit to run fully automatically, thereby realizing high-efficiency clean recovery of natural gas pressure energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas expansion generators, in particular to a natural gas air floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and a control method.
Background
After the natural gas is conveyed by pipelines to various user downloading points, the pressure of the natural gas generally needs to be reduced through a pressure regulating station. The current pressure regulating station mainly reduces the pressure through a regulating valve, and a large amount of pressure energy is wasted. The pressure energy recovery device which really realizes operation in the market at present is mainly a screw machine, but simultaneously has the problems of difficult oil-gas separation and low operation efficiency due to the defect that the device needs lubricating oil in the actual use process, so the scheme designs the whole system on the basis of the operation mode of the air floating type differential pressure radial turbine generator set, the set can automatically operate, and the high-efficiency clean recovery of the natural gas pressure energy is realized.
The natural gas expansion generator set is mainly divided into three types according to the expansion machine: a screw machine, a radial turbine and an axial turbine. The flow of the axial flow turbine is large and often exceeds the capacity of a natural gas pressure regulating station, and no related system design is seen at present; the screw machine needs to use lubricating oil, the lubricating oil and natural gas are mixed to produce emulsification and are difficult to separate, and the design of the screw machine mainly adopts the traditional oil seal and filtering system which is completely different from the system.
The patent document of China discloses a natural gas static pressure air bearing two-stage expansion generator and a power generation system, the publication number of which is CN111365080A, and the natural gas static pressure air bearing two-stage expansion generator comprises a shell, a rotor, a stator, a first turbine, a second turbine, a first static pressure air bearing and a second static pressure air bearing; the shell comprises a first air inlet volute flow channel, a second air inlet volute flow channel and a generator cavity; the first turbine and the second turbine are respectively arranged at two ends of a rotor, the rotor is arranged in a generator cavity, and a stator is fixed on the inner wall of the generator cavity; the first turbine is arranged at one end of the rotor through a first static pressure air bearing, and the second turbine is arranged at the other end of the rotor through a second static pressure air bearing; the first static pressure air bearing and the second static pressure air bearing are supplied with pressure by natural gas and exhaust to the outlet channel. However, chinese patent publication No. CN111365080A does not relate to the design of the entire power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that the existing air-floating differential pressure radial turbine generator lacks of related overall system design, and provides a natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and a control method, so that a turbine can run automatically, and the high-efficiency clean recovery of natural gas pressure energy is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system comprises independent branches, wherein each independent branch comprises a main branch, a turbine is arranged in each main branch, the main branches are connected with bypass branches in parallel, the front parts of the main branches are connected with bearing air branches in parallel, and the rear parts of the main branches are connected with cooling air branches in parallel; and original station branch ball valves BV01 and original station branch ball valves BV02 are respectively arranged on two sides of the independent branch.
In the system, a flowmeter F1, a regulating valve V1 and a turbine are arranged to form an independent branch, the regulating valve V2/V3 and the flowmeters F2/F3 and P2/P3 are the traditional gas supply branches, on one hand, the pressure and the flow compensation regulation are carried out on the independent branch, and on the other hand, the system mainly bears the downstream gas supply conveying task.
Preferably, the main branch further comprises a filtering separator GF01, the filtering separator GF01 is connected with a differential pressure transmitter PDT01 in parallel, the filtering separator GF01 is connected with a natural gas metering assembly, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT01 is connected with a safety cut-off valve SSV, the other end of the safety cut-off valve SSV is connected with a pressure transmitter PT03, the other end of the pressure transmitter PT03 is connected with a main regulating valve PV01, the main regulating valve PV01 is connected with a main regulating valve PV02 in parallel, the other end of the main regulating valve PV01 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT04, the pressure transmitter PT04 is connected to the inlet side of the turbine, the outlet side of the turbine is connected with a pressure transmitter PT09, the other end of the pressure transmitter 09 is connected with a temperature transmitter 03 and a temperature transmitter TT04 which are connected in series, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04 is connected with a check valve CHV02, and the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04 is connected with an electric stop valve v.
In the invention, a filtering separator GF01 and a differential pressure transmitter PDT01 are arranged at the inlet of a main branch for primary filtering, and a natural gas metering assembly is arranged at the other end of the filtering separator; the other end of the natural gas metering component is provided with a safety cut-off valve SSV which has remote control and overpressure tripping functions and is used for emergency cut-off of a branch; the device comprises a main regulating valve PV01 and a main regulating valve PV02, wherein the diameters of the main regulating valve PV01 and the main regulating valve PV02 are different in size and are respectively used for regulating the power in a coarse mode and a fine mode; a pressure transmitter PT09 is arranged for monitoring the outlet pressure; a check valve CHV02 is arranged to avoid the backflow at the downstream; and an electric stop valve ZFV is arranged for safe discharge of the branch.
Preferably, the natural gas metering component comprises a flow meter FIQ01, one end of the flow meter FIQ01 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT01, and the other end of the flow meter FIQ01 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT01.
In the invention, the natural gas metering assembly is used for metering the independent branch natural gas on one hand and adjusting the flow of the main adjusting valve PV01 on the other hand.
Preferably, one end of the bypass branch is connected to the other end of the safety cut-off valve SSV, the other end of the bypass branch is connected to the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04, and the bypass branch comprises a pneumatic ball valve AOV for pressure relief.
According to the invention, the pneumatic ball valve AOV is used for relieving the pressure of the natural gas in the main branch after the SSV is closed, so as to prevent the turbine set from galloping.
Preferably, bearing gas branch road includes check valve CHV01, check valve CHV01 is connected with the buffer tank, the other end of buffer tank is connected with high efficiency filter GF02, high efficiency filter GF02 is parallelly connected to have differential pressure transmitter PDT02, differential pressure transmitter PDT 02's the other end is connected with governing valve PV03, governing valve PV03 is parallelly connected to have high frequency solenoid valve SOV, governing valve PV 03's the other end is connected with pressure transmitter PT05 and pressure transmitter PT06 of series connection each other, pressure transmitter PT 06's the other end connect in the turbine.
In the invention, a high-efficiency filter GF02 and a differential pressure transmitter PDT02 are arranged, and the main function is to carry out secondary filtration before the bearing gas is supplied; a buffer tank and a check valve CHV01 are arranged, and the buffer tank and the check valve CHV01 are mainly used for ensuring that the turbine falls from rated rotating speed to bearing gas required by the air-bearing when the turbine is shut down after the SSV of the safety cut-off valve jumps; setting a regulating valve PV03 and a high-frequency solenoid valve SOV, wherein the regulating valve PV03 and the high-frequency solenoid valve SOV jointly act, and are combined with a regulating valve PV04 of a cooling gas branch, so that the gas supply stability of bearing gas is ensured and the constant differential pressure between a port B and a port C1/port C2 of the turbine is maintained in a mode of combining fast regulation and slow regulation; and a pressure transmitter PT05 and a pressure transmitter PT06 are also arranged, two are taken out, and the pressure difference of the bearing is comprehensively calculated with the two pressure transmitters on the cooling gas branch.
Preferably, the cooling air branch comprises a flowmeter FIQ02, one end of the flowmeter FIQ02 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT02, the other end of the flowmeter FIQ02 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT02, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT02 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT05, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT05 is connected with an adjusting valve PV04, and the other end of the adjusting valve PV04 is connected with the other end of the temperature transmitter TT 04.
In the invention, a cooling gas branch is provided with a flowmeter FIQ02, an adjusting valve PV04 and a temperature transmitter TT05, and the cooling gas branch is used for adjusting the flow of cooling gas of the expansion machine and ensuring the temperature in a cavity to be a constant value; on the other hand, the pressure difference of the bearing gas is compensated and adjusted.
Preferably, the turbine comprises a first impeller and a second impeller, and a plurality of air bearing are arranged on the inner side of the middle of the first impeller and the second impeller.
In the invention, power gas enters and impacts the first-stage impeller from the port A, the temperature of the natural gas is reduced after expansion and work application, a small part of the gas enters the cavity of the stator and the rotor and is used for cooling the stator and is discharged from the ports C1 and C2, and a large part of the gas continuously impacts the second-stage impeller to work and then is discharged into a discharge pipeline from the port D; the air introduced from the port B is used for the air bearing to work, and simultaneously, because the air pressure in the two impeller chambers is higher, the bearing air can enter the stator chamber and the rotor chamber and then is discharged from the ports C1 and C2 along with the cooling air; the working requirement of the air floating turbine is to ensure that the pressure difference between two ends of the bearing air is maintained in a constant interval.
A control method of a natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system is suitable for the natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and comprises power generation power control, bearing air control and safety control; the generated power control includes: and inputting a power set value W.SP, calculating an error through a power feedback W.FB from a grid-connected end, adjusting, outputting a flow set value Q.SP, calculating an error through a flow feedback Q.FB from the FIQ01, adjusting, finally outputting a valve position value PV of the regulating valve, and driving the main regulating valve PV01 and the main regulating valve PV02 to adjust.
In the invention, the power generation power controls the set power → the flow → the cascade regulation mode of the valve position; but there is an upper threshold for flow regulation, and when the upper threshold is exceeded, flow-limiting regulation is performed; the set value of the power comprises a power grid AGC and a manual setting, and the manual switching is required; in addition, the flow regulation control can be independently carried out and is not influenced by power regulation.
Preferably, the bearing gas control includes: and after the error is calculated by the pressure difference set value dP.SP and the feedback value dP.FB comprehensively calculated by the pressure transmitter PT05, the pressure transmitter PT06, the pressure transmitter PT07 and the pressure transmitter PT08, the adjustment is carried out, and a valve position value Y is output to the regulating valve PV03 and the high-frequency solenoid valve SOV.
In the invention, the control adopts single-stage mode regulation, and the single stage refers to single-pressure-difference regulation.
Preferably, the safety control mainly comprises signal, process control and electric linkage control.
In the invention, the safety control can improve the safety of the whole system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: according to the natural gas air floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and the control method, the turbine can run automatically, so that the high-efficiency clean recovery of the pressure energy of natural gas is realized; the whole system is automatically adjusted, automatically stabilized and automatically operated, and the dependence on frequent operation of personnel is reduced; the invention aims at better control quality of the bearing gas, can enable the air floating type turbine unit to be applied to various natural gas transmission station yards, and is beneficial to promoting the recycling of the pressure energy of the natural gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a turbine configuration of a natural gas air floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a system schematic diagram of a natural gas air floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the independent branch of a natural gas floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic control flow diagram of a natural gas floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the safety control of the natural gas floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method of the present application;
the device comprises a rotor 1, a first impeller 2, an air bearing 3, a stator 4, a rotor 5 and a second impeller.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the embodiment provides a natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system, which refers to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, and comprises independent branches, wherein each independent branch comprises a main branch, a turbine is arranged in each main branch, the main branches are connected in parallel with a bypass branch, the front parts of the main branches are connected in parallel with a bearing air branch, and the rear parts of the main branches are connected in parallel with a cooling air branch; and original station branch ball valves BV01 and original station branch ball valves BV02 are respectively arranged on two sides of the independent branch. In this embodiment, the independent branch may be arranged in parallel on the conventional air supply branch, which may specifically refer to fig. 2; can also be independently arranged; in the invention, the independent branch is a branch provided with a turbine; in addition, the original station field branch ball valve BV01 and the original station field branch ball valve BV02 function to input and discharge natural gas.
Referring to fig. 3, the main branch further includes a filtering separator GF01, the filtering separator GF01 is connected in parallel with a differential pressure transmitter PDT01, the filtering separator GF01 is connected with a natural gas metering assembly, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT01 is connected with a safety cut-off valve SSV, the other end of the safety cut-off valve SSV is connected with a pressure transmitter PT03, the other end of the pressure transmitter PT03 is connected with a main regulating valve PV01, the main regulating valve PV01 is connected in parallel with a main regulating valve PV02, the other end of the main regulating valve PV01 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT04, the pressure transmitter PT04 is connected to the inlet side of the turbine, the outlet side of the turbine is connected with a pressure transmitter PT09, the other end of the pressure transmitter PT09 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT03 and a temperature transmitter TT04 which are connected in series, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04 is connected with a check valve CHV02, and the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04 is connected with an electric stop valve ZFV.
Referring to fig. 3, the natural gas metering assembly includes a flow meter FIQ01, a pressure transmitter PT01 connected to one end of the flow meter FIQ01, and a temperature transmitter TT01 connected to the other end of the flow meter FIQ 01. The natural gas metering assembly further comprises a straight pipe section.
Referring to fig. 3, one end of the bypass branch is connected to the other end of the safety cut-off valve SSV, the other end of the bypass branch is connected to the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04, and the bypass branch comprises a pneumatic ball valve AOV for pressure relief.
Referring to fig. 3, the bearing gas branch includes check valve CHV01, check valve CHV01 is connected with the buffer tank, the other end of buffer tank is connected with high efficiency filter GF02, high efficiency filter GF02 is connected in parallel with differential pressure transmitter PDT02, the other end of differential pressure transmitter PDT02 is connected with regulating valve PV03, regulating valve PV03 is connected in parallel with high frequency solenoid valve SOV, the other end of regulating valve PV03 is connected with pressure transmitter PT05 and pressure transmitter PT06 that are connected in series with each other, the other end of pressure transmitter PT06 is connected with the turbine. In this embodiment, specifically, the other end of the pressure transmitter PT06 is connected to the port B of the turbine, and the check valve CHV01 is connected to the other end of the safety shut-off valve SSV.
Referring to fig. 3, the cooling air branch includes a flow meter FIQ02, one end of the flow meter FIQ02 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT02, the other end of the flow meter FIQ02 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT02, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT02 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT05, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT05 is connected with an adjusting valve PV04, and the other end of the adjusting valve PV04 is connected with the other end of the temperature transmitter TT 04. In this embodiment, for the pressure transmitter PT02 of the cooling gas branch, the other end thereof is connected to the pressure transmitter PT08, the pressure transmitter PT08 is connected to the C2 port of the turbine, the pressure transmitter PT08 is further connected to the pressure transmitter PT07, and the other end of the pressure transmitter PT07 is connected to the C1 port of the turbine.
Referring to fig. 1, the turbine includes a first impeller 1 and a second impeller 5, a plurality of air bearings 2 and a rotor 4 connected to the air bearings 2 are disposed inside the middle of the first impeller 1 and the second impeller, and a plurality of stators 3 are disposed outside the circumference of the rotor 4. In this embodiment, the turbine body is further provided with a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the measuring word and the rotor chamber; respectively installing a vibration sensor at an A port and a D port of the turbine for monitoring the vibration of the unit; a port A and a port D of the turbine are respectively provided with a rotating speed sensor for monitoring the speed of a rotor of the turbine; simultaneously setting a voltage sensor and a current sensor for monitoring the output of the generated power; the turbine set is a high-frequency generator set, so that a set of AC-DC-AC rectification and inversion system is arranged, on one hand, power frequency networking is realized, and on the other hand, a built-in frequency converter is used for limiting the rotating speed of the turbine set.
In the embodiment, on the arrangement of the whole system, the system is arranged in a pressure difference gas supply process flow of a natural gas transmission station, a single turbine branch is generally connected in parallel on a traditional gas supply branch or is arranged independently, in the system, a flow meter F1, a regulating valve V1 and a turbine form an independent branch, the regulating valve V2/V3 and the flow meters F2/F3 and P2/P3 are the traditional gas supply branches, on one hand, the pressure and the flow of the independent branch are compensated and regulated, and on the other hand, the system mainly undertakes the downstream gas supply transmission task.
In the embodiment, a filtering separator GF01 and a differential pressure transmitter PDT01 are arranged at the inlet of a main branch for primary filtering, and a natural gas metering assembly is arranged at the other end of the filtering separator; the other end of the natural gas metering component is provided with a safety cut-off valve SSV which has remote control and overpressure tripping functions and is used for emergency cut-off of a branch; the device comprises a main regulating valve PV01 and a main regulating valve PV02, wherein the diameters of the main regulating valve PV01 and the main regulating valve PV02 are different in size and are respectively used for regulating power in a coarse mode and a fine mode; a pressure transmitter PT09 is arranged for monitoring the outlet pressure; a check valve CHV02 is arranged to avoid the backflow at the downstream; an electric stop valve ZFV is arranged for safe discharge of the branch.
In this embodiment, the natural gas metering assembly is arranged to meter the independent branch natural gas on one hand and to regulate the flow of the main regulating valve PV01 on the other hand.
In this embodiment, pneumatic ball valve AOV is used for the natural gas in the safety cut-off valve SSV to close the back and carries out the pressure release with the main branch road, prevents turbine unit driving in a runaway.
In the embodiment, the high-efficiency filter GF02 and the differential pressure transmitter PDT02 are arranged, and the main function is to perform secondary filtration before the bearing gas is supplied; a buffer tank and a check valve CHV01 are arranged, and the bearing air required by the air-bearing is mainly ensured to fall from the rated rotating speed to the shutdown time after the SSV of the safety cut-off valve jumps; setting a regulating valve PV03 and a high-frequency solenoid valve SOV, wherein the regulating valve PV03 and the high-frequency solenoid valve SOV jointly act, and are combined with a regulating valve PV04 of a cooling gas branch, so that the gas supply stability of bearing gas is ensured and the constant differential pressure between a port B and a port C1/port C2 of the turbine is maintained in a mode of combining fast regulation and slow regulation; and a pressure transmitter PT05 and a pressure transmitter PT06 are also arranged to take two out, and the two pressure transmitters on the cooling gas branch circuit comprehensively calculate the bearing air pressure difference.
In the embodiment, the cooling air branch is provided with a flowmeter FIQ02, an adjusting valve PV04 and a temperature transmitter TT05, and the cooling air branch is used for adjusting the flow of cooling air of the expansion machine and ensuring that the temperature in the cavity is at a constant value; on the other hand, the pressure difference of the bearing gas is compensated and adjusted.
In the embodiment, power gas enters and impacts the first-stage impeller from the port A, the temperature of the natural gas is reduced after expansion and work application, a small part of the gas enters the cavity of the stator and the rotor and is used for cooling the stator and is discharged from the ports C1 and C2, and a large part of the gas continuously impacts the second-stage impeller to work and then is discharged into a discharge pipeline from the port D; the air introduced from the port B is used for the air bearing to work, and simultaneously, because the air pressure in the two impeller chambers is higher, the bearing air can enter the stator chamber and the rotor chamber and then is discharged from the ports C1 and C2 along with the cooling air; the working requirement of the air floating turbine is to ensure that the pressure difference between two ends of the bearing air is maintained in a constant interval.
The embodiment also provides a control method of the natural gas air floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system, which is applicable to the natural gas air floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system with reference to fig. 4 and comprises power generation power control, bearing air control and safety control; the generated power control includes: and inputting a power set value W.SP, calculating an error through a power feedback W.FB from a grid-connected end, adjusting, outputting a flow set value Q.SP, calculating an error through a flow feedback Q.FB from the FIQ01, adjusting, finally outputting a valve position value PV of the regulating valve, and driving the main regulating valve PV01 and the main regulating valve PV02 to adjust.
Referring to fig. 4, the bearing gas control includes: and after the error is calculated by the pressure difference set value dP.SP and the feedback value dP.FB comprehensively calculated by the pressure transmitter PT05, the pressure transmitter PT06, the pressure transmitter PT07 and the pressure transmitter PT08, the adjustment is carried out, and a valve position value Y is output to an adjusting valve PV03 and a high-frequency solenoid valve SOV.
Referring to fig. 5, the safety control mainly includes signals, process control, and electrical linkage control, which are described in detail herein, as follows.
Specifically, the signals mainly include shutdown trigger signals, such as turbine rotor overspeed, power imbalance (excessive current), filter failure, overpressure, excess flow and excess temperature, bearing gas runaway, excessive body vibration, control system faults, internet system faults (including abnormal cracking with a power grid), process equipment faults, and manual shutdown.
In process control, after a stop signal is received, the SSV of the safety shut-off valve is triggered to cut off and the AOV of the pneumatic ball valve is triggered to balance pressure at the same time, the rotating speed of the unit is ensured to be reduced in the process, meanwhile, the stability of bearing gas is ensured, a bypass branch is controlled to carry out rapid compensation adjustment, and the disturbance to downstream users is reduced.
On the electrical system, one side of the turbine is provided with an energy leakage device, an energy leakage resistor is arranged in the energy leakage device, and after a shutdown signal is received, the energy leakage resistor is put into a loop at the first time, so that the shutdown time of the unit is shortened, and the safety is improved, as shown in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, the generated power control sets the power → the flow → the cascade regulation mode of the valve position; but there is an upper threshold for flow regulation, and when the upper threshold is exceeded, flow-limiting regulation is performed; the set value of the power comprises a power grid AGC and a manual setting, and needs to be manually switched; in addition, the flow regulation control can be independently carried out and is not influenced by power regulation.
In this embodiment, the control described above employs single-stage mode regulation, where a single stage refers to single differential pressure regulation.
The bearing gas control adopts a single-stage, partition and multi-interference input mode for adjustment. For the partition mode adjustment, the partition means setting four values of high (HH), high (H), low (L) and low (LL), where HH and LL are guard values of the turbine bearing gas supply pressure difference, H and L are normal operation values, and then at (-infinity, LL]And [ HH, + ∞) ] interval, and in (LL, HH) interval, the high frequency solenoid valve SOV is used for regulation. Further, for multiple disturbance input mode modulation, multiple disturbance refers to the amount of cooling gas flow Q when the feedback of the pressure differential is primarily subject to changes in turbine load 1 Change of (d), branch (station downstream customer) outlet flow Q c Change of (2), change of surge tank pressure (front end air inlet condition) P c The system design employs feed forward control.
In this embodiment, the security control can improve the security of the entire system.
The invention is based on the operation mode of the air-floating differential pressure radial turbine generator set, and a whole set of operation system is arranged, so that the turbine generator set can realize stable operation, and the effective recovery of natural gas pressure energy can be realized.
The above embodiments are further illustrated and described in order to facilitate understanding of the invention, and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom, and any modifications, equivalents, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system is characterized by comprising independent branches, wherein each independent branch comprises a main branch, a turbine is arranged in each main branch, the main branches are connected with bypass branches in parallel, the front parts of the main branches are connected with bearing air branches in parallel, and the rear parts of the main branches are connected with cooling air branches in parallel; and the two sides of the independent branch are respectively provided with an original station field branch ball valve BV01 and an original station field branch ball valve BV02.
2. The natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main branch further comprises a filtering separator GF01, the filtering separator GF01 is connected in parallel with a differential pressure transmitter PDT01, the filtering separator GF01 is connected with a natural gas metering assembly, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT01 is connected with a safety cut-off valve SSV, the other end of the safety cut-off valve SSV is connected with a pressure transmitter PT03, the other end of the pressure transmitter PT03 is connected with a main regulating valve PV01, the main regulating valve PV01 is connected in parallel with a main regulating valve PV02, the other end of the main regulating valve PV01 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT04, the pressure transmitter PT04 is connected to the inlet side of the turbine, the outlet side of the turbine PT is connected with a pressure transmitter 09, the other end of the pressure transmitter 09 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT03 and a temperature transmitter TT04 which are connected in series, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04 is connected with a check valve CHV02, and the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04 is connected with an electric stop valve ZFV.
3. The natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system of claim 2, wherein the natural gas metering assembly comprises a flow meter FIQ01, one end of the flow meter FIQ01 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT01, and the other end of the flow meter FIQ01 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT01.
4. The natural gas floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system of claim 3, wherein one end of the bypass branch is connected to the other end of the safety cut-off valve SSV, the other end of the bypass branch is connected to the other end of the temperature transmitter TT04, and the bypass branch comprises a pneumatic ball valve AOV for pressure relief.
5. The natural gas floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bearing gas branch comprises a check valve CHV01, the check valve CHV01 is connected with a buffer tank, the other end of the buffer tank is connected with a high efficiency filter GF02, the high efficiency filter GF02 is connected with a differential pressure transmitter PDT02 in parallel, the other end of the differential pressure transmitter PDT02 is connected with a regulating valve PV03, the regulating valve PV03 is connected with a high frequency solenoid valve SOV in parallel, the other end of the regulating valve PV03 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT05 and a pressure transmitter PT06 which are connected with each other in series, and the other end of the pressure transmitter PT06 is connected with the turbine.
6. The natural gas floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system of claim 2, wherein the cooling gas branch comprises a flow meter FIQ02, one end of the flow meter FIQ02 is connected with a pressure transmitter PT02, the other end of the flow meter FIQ02 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT02, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT02 is connected with a temperature transmitter TT05, the other end of the temperature transmitter TT05 is connected with a regulating valve PV04, and the other end of the regulating valve PV04 is connected with the other end of the temperature transmitter TT 04.
7. The natural gas air-floating differential pressure radial turbine power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the turbine comprises a first impeller (1) and a second impeller (5), and a plurality of air bearings (2) are arranged on the middle inner side of the first impeller (1) and the second impeller.
8. A control method of a natural gas air floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system is suitable for the natural gas air floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system in claims 1-6, and is characterized by comprising power generation power control, bearing air control and safety control; the generated power control includes: the power set value W.SP and the power feedback W.FB from the grid-connected end are input for calculation error and then adjusted, the flow set value Q.SP and the flow feedback Q.FB from the FIQ01 are output for calculation error and then adjusted, and finally the valve position value PV of the regulating valve is output, and the main regulating valve PV01 and the main regulating valve PV02 are driven for regulation.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the bearing gas control comprises: and after the error is calculated by the pressure difference set value dP.SP and the feedback value dP.FB comprehensively calculated by the pressure transmitter PT05, the pressure transmitter PT06, the pressure transmitter PT07 and the pressure transmitter PT08, the adjustment is carried out, and a valve position value Y is output to an adjusting valve PV03 and a high-frequency solenoid valve SOV.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the safety control mainly comprises signal, process control and electrical linkage control.
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| CN202210909083.0A CN115355445A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Natural gas air-floating type differential pressure radial turbine power generation system and control method |
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Effective date of registration: 20231204 Address after: No. 152, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000 Applicant after: ZHEJIANG ENERGY GROUP CO.,LTD. Applicant after: Zhejiang Provincial Natural Gas Development Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Zhejiang Futeng Fluid Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 152, Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310012 Applicant before: ZHEJIANG ENERGY GROUP CO.,LTD. Applicant before: ZHEJIANG ZHENENG NATURAL GAS OPERATION CO.,LTD. Applicant before: Zhejiang Futeng Fluid Technology Co.,Ltd. |