CN115355193A - Dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of gas compressor under heating and pressurizing conditions - Google Patents
Dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of gas compressor under heating and pressurizing conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN115355193A CN115355193A CN202211298980.9A CN202211298980A CN115355193A CN 115355193 A CN115355193 A CN 115355193A CN 202211298980 A CN202211298980 A CN 202211298980A CN 115355193 A CN115355193 A CN 115355193A
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- axial force
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of a compressor under a heating and pressurizing condition, which comprises the following steps: s1, designing a control rule of a target value of rotating speed-thrust control; s2, collecting the working rotating speed of the air compressor in real time during a heating and pressurizing test; s3, calculating a control target value of the externally generated thrust under the working rotating speed condition based on a rotating speed-thrust control target value control rule, and outputting a thrust control instruction; s4, based on the thrust control instruction, controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust in a PID closed-loop control mode; and S5, repeating S2-S4, and dynamically regulating and controlling the axial force of the air compressor until the heating and pressurizing test of the air compressor is completed. The dynamic regulation and control method of the axial force designed by the invention is an active regulation and control method, can reduce the operation intensity, improve the regulation and control following performance, shorten the regulation and control time, reduce the test cost, improve the test operation safety and has larger practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test of aero-engines or gas turbines, and relates to a dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of a compressor under heating and pressurizing conditions.
Background
The air compressor is one of three key parts of an aeroengine, and in order to develop the high-performance air compressor, the parts of the air compressor are subjected to full-scale simulation tests and model assessment tests by adopting a heating and pressurizing air compressor tester under ground conditions and flight conditions at different stages of the development of the aeroengine. At present, a compressor tester generally performs performance test research on a compressor under the ground atmospheric air inlet condition, and does not perform test research under the air inlet heating and pressurizing condition, so that the structural strength and the vibration characteristic of the compressor after being installed cannot be pre-evaluated.
The test process of the whole aircraft engine finds that: most of the axial force generated by the compressor part is counteracted by the turbine part, and the axial force of a transmission system can be effectively controlled within the working range of the bearing; however, the test of the single part under all working conditions verifies that the axial force generated by the blade is as high as 80KN, while the axial force generated by the disk, the cavity and the sealing labyrinth due to pressure difference is larger, and the axial force of 250KN can be generated under the simulated ground takeoff working point. Because the supporting structure of the existing compressor transmission system adopts a rolling bearing mode, the maximum axial force born by the supporting structure is about 40KN, and therefore, in the test process of the heating and pressurizing compressor tester, an axial force balancing device of the transmission system must be configured, and the running problem under the high-speed/high-power condition is solved by dynamically adjusting the axial force.
Meanwhile, the air compressor tester generally adopts the motor, the gear box and the torque measuring device as driving devices, and a transmission system of the whole shafting needs to externally provide energy sources such as water, electricity, oil, gas and the like in the working process, so that the flow management and control of the test and the disposal difficulty of high-risk test points are extremely high. For example: when external energy supply fails, the speed reduction or stopping treatment is carried out, then when a surging boundary of the compressor is groped, the compressor can surging, the surging is relieved, mainly, the air exhaust and the speed reduction are started, axial force generated by the compressor can be changed due to the operations, therefore, external thrust applied for balancing the axial force generated by the compressor must be dynamically adjusted, and otherwise, the whole shafting transmission system can be damaged.
Therefore, the research on the regulation and control method of the axial force of the transmission system under the warming and pressurizing compressor test is extremely necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of a compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions, which can dynamically and efficiently regulate and control huge axial force generated by components of the compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions in a short time, can reduce test cost, and can also improve the safety of test operation.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of a compressor under a heating and pressurizing condition, which comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a control rule of a target value of rotating speed-thrust control;
s2, collecting the working rotating speed of the air compressor in real time during a heating and pressurizing test;
s3, calculating a thrust control target value which needs to be generated externally under the working rotating speed condition based on a rotating speed-thrust control target value control rule, and outputting a thrust control instruction;
s4, controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by adopting a PID closed-loop control mode based on the thrust control instruction;
and S5, repeating S2-S4, and dynamically regulating and controlling the axial force of the air compressor until the heating and pressurizing test of the air compressor is completed.
Further, the design method of the control law of the target value of the rotational speed-thrust control in the step S1 includes:
s101, defining a thrust control target value as a difference value of an axial force generated by the compressor and an axial force of a bearing;
s102, obtaining a bearing axial force and an axial force generated by the compressor at a set rotating speed according to design parameters of the compressor, and calculating a thrust control target value at the set rotating speed;
and S103, calculating a thrust control target value of a certain rotating speed between adjacent set rotating speeds based on a linear interpolation method.
Further, the bearing axial force may include a given bearing axial force or a measured bearing axial force.
Further, in step S4, before the thrust balancing device generates thrust, it is determined whether the thrust balancing device receives an external emergency control command, including:
when an external emergency control instruction is received, executing emergency shutdown operation, and ending the current heating and pressurizing test of the gas compressor;
and when the external emergency control instruction is not received, executing S4 to control the thrust balancing device to generate thrust.
Furthermore, the external emergency control instruction is generated by monitoring the fault condition or abnormal condition of the heating and pressurizing test of the air compressor in real time.
Further, in one embodiment, a method for controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by using a PID closed-loop control manner includes:
acquiring a test rotating speed and an actual thrust value generated by the thrust balancing device under the test rotating speed;
extracting a thrust control target value under the test rotating speed in the rotating speed-thrust control target value control law;
giving a thrust control threshold, subtracting the thrust control threshold from the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control lower limit value Kmin, and adding the thrust control threshold to the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control upper limit value Kmax to generate a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
judging whether the actual thrust value is within a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
if the actual thrust value is within the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates reasonable thrust;
and if the actual thrust value is out of the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates unreasonable thrust, and the thrust generated by the thrust balancing device is adjusted.
Further, in another embodiment, a method for controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by using a PID closed-loop control manner includes:
acquiring a test rotating speed and an actual bearing axial force of the bearing at the test rotating speed;
setting a control target value of the axial force of the bearing;
acquiring an axial force generated by the gas compressor in real time, and calculating a difference value between the axial force and a control target value of the axial force of the bearing to acquire a thrust control target value;
giving a thrust control threshold, subtracting the thrust control threshold from the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control lower limit value Kmin, and adding the thrust control threshold to the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control upper limit value Kmax to generate a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
judging whether the actual thrust value is within a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
if the actual thrust value is within the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates reasonable thrust;
and if the actual thrust value is out of the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates unreasonable thrust, and the thrust generated by the thrust balancing device is adjusted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the dynamic regulation and control method for the axial force of the compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions can automatically balance the axial force generated by the compressor in the test process of the compressor under different states, is an active regulation and control method, can reduce the operation intensity of testers, improves the regulation and control following performance, shortens the regulation time, reduces the test cost, improves the test operation safety, is an important means for solving the problem of how to balance the huge axial force generated by the compressor part under the heating and pressurizing states, and has great practical application value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely for illustrating the embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a dynamic regulation and control method of axial force of a compressor under heating and pressurizing conditions according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a dynamic regulation and control method of axial force of a compressor under a heating and pressurizing condition in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control logic used in conjunction with two PID closed-loop control methods in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the description of the present embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The embodiment provides a dynamic regulation and control method for the axial force of a compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions, and referring to fig. 1 and 2, the dynamic regulation and control method for the axial force of the compressor comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a control law of a target value of rotation speed-thrust control;
s2, collecting the working rotating speed of the air compressor in real time during a heating and pressurizing test;
s3, calculating a thrust control target value which needs to be generated externally under the working rotating speed condition based on a rotating speed-thrust control target value control rule, and outputting a thrust control instruction;
s4, controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by adopting a PID closed-loop control mode based on the thrust control instruction;
and S5, repeating S2-S4, and dynamically regulating and controlling the axial force of the air compressor until the heating and pressurizing test of the air compressor is completed.
Further, the design method of the control law of the target value of the rotational speed-thrust control in the step S1 is as follows:
s101, defining a thrust control target value as a difference value of an axial force generated by the compressor and an axial force of a bearing;
s102, obtaining a bearing axial force and an axial force generated by the compressor at a set rotating speed according to design parameters of the compressor, and calculating a thrust control target value at the set rotating speed;
and S103, calculating a thrust control target value at a certain rotation speed between adjacent set rotation speeds based on a linear interpolation method.
Further, the bearing axial force may include a given bearing axial force or a measured bearing axial force.
Further, in step S4, before the thrust balancing unit generates thrust, it is determined whether the thrust balancing unit receives an external emergency control command, including:
when an external emergency control instruction is received, executing emergency stop operation, and ending the current heating and pressurizing test of the gas compressor;
and when the external emergency control instruction is not received, executing S4 to control the thrust balancing device to generate thrust.
Furthermore, the external emergency control instruction is generated by monitoring the fault condition or abnormal condition of the heating and pressurizing test of the air compressor in real time. Because the rotation of the air compressor is driven by the motor, the whole shafting transmission system needs to provide energy sources such as water, electricity, oil, gas and the like externally in the working process, and when the external energy source supply fails, the speed reduction or the stop processing is carried out; when the surge boundary of the compressor is groped, the compressor can be surged, and the surge relief mainly comprises the steps of opening exhaust and reducing the speed, so that the test process of the compressor needs to be monitored.
In one embodiment, a method for controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by using a PID closed-loop control manner includes:
acquiring a test rotating speed and an actual thrust value generated by the thrust balancing device under the test rotating speed;
extracting a thrust control target value under the test rotating speed in the rotating speed-thrust control target value control law;
giving a thrust control threshold, subtracting the thrust control threshold from the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control lower limit value Kmin, and adding the thrust control threshold to the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control upper limit value Kmax to generate a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
judging whether the actual thrust value is within a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
if the actual thrust value is within the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates reasonable thrust;
and if the actual thrust value is out of the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates unreasonable thrust, and the thrust generated by the thrust balancing device is adjusted.
In another embodiment, another method for controlling thrust generated by an external thrust balancing device by using PID closed-loop control comprises the following steps:
acquiring a test rotating speed and an actual bearing axial force of the bearing at the test rotating speed;
setting a control target value of the axial force of the bearing;
acquiring an axial force generated by the gas compressor in real time, and calculating a difference value between the axial force and a control target value of the axial force of the bearing to acquire a thrust control target value;
giving a thrust control threshold, taking the thrust control threshold subtracted from the thrust control target value as a lower thrust control limit value Kmin, and taking the thrust control threshold added to the thrust control target value as an upper thrust control limit value Kmax, and generating a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
judging whether the actual thrust value is within a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
if the actual thrust value is within the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates reasonable thrust;
and if the actual thrust value is out of the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates unreasonable thrust, and the thrust generated by the thrust balancing device is adjusted.
Particular emphasis here is given to: the two PID closed-loop control methods can be used independently or in combination, when the two PID closed-loop control methods are used together, the problem of nonlinear stress of a transmission system can be solved, because axial force generated by the compressor in the rotating process is partially acted on the bearing, and is partially transmitted to a mounting base of equipment through the casing, and the force is nonlinear. Although the force acting on the bearing can be measured through the stress ring (that is, the actual bearing axial force of the bearing is measured by the stress ring arranged on the bearing), other stress conditions cannot be measured, so that the dynamic regulation and control of the axial force of the transmission system are realized through a double-closed-loop control mode, and the control logic of the two PID closed-loop control methods combined for use is shown in FIG. 3.
In one embodiment of the present detailed description, an electronic device is disclosed, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory being configured to store a logic control program running on the processor; the processor is used for realizing a dynamic regulation and control method of the axial force of the compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions when executing a logic control program.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer storage medium is disclosed, which stores computer executable instructions for executing a dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of a compressor under a heating and pressurizing condition.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A dynamic regulation and control method for axial force of a compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a control law of a target value of rotation speed-thrust control;
s2, collecting the working rotating speed of the air compressor in real time during a heating and pressurizing test;
s3, calculating a thrust control target value required to be generated externally under the working rotating speed condition based on a rotating speed-thrust control target value control rule, and outputting a thrust control instruction;
s4, controlling an external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by adopting a PID closed-loop control mode based on the thrust control instruction;
and S5, repeating S2-S4, and dynamically regulating and controlling the axial force of the air compressor until the heating and pressurizing test of the air compressor is completed.
2. The dynamic regulation and control method of the axial force of the compressor under the warming and pressurizing conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the design method of the control rule of the target value of the rotating speed-thrust control in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s101, defining a thrust control target value as a difference value of an axial force generated by the compressor and an axial force of a bearing;
s102, obtaining a bearing axial force and an axial force generated by the compressor at a set rotating speed according to design parameters of the compressor, and calculating a thrust control target value at the set rotating speed;
and S103, calculating a thrust control target value at a certain rotation speed between adjacent set rotation speeds based on a linear interpolation method.
3. The dynamic regulation and control method for the axial force of the compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bearing axial force comprises a given axial force of the bearing or a measured axial force of the bearing.
4. The dynamic regulation and control method for the axial force of the compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, before the thrust balancing device generates thrust, it is determined whether the thrust balancing device receives an external emergency control command, including:
when an external emergency control instruction is received, executing emergency shutdown operation, and ending the current heating and pressurizing test of the gas compressor;
and when the external emergency control command is not received, executing S4 to control the external thrust balancing device to generate thrust.
5. The dynamic regulation and control method of the axial force of the compressor under the heating and pressurizing conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: the external emergency control instruction is generated by monitoring the fault condition or abnormal condition of the heating and pressurizing test of the gas compressor in real time.
6. The dynamic regulation and control method of the axial force of the compressor under the warming and pressurizing conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for controlling the external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by adopting a PID closed-loop control mode comprises the following steps:
acquiring a test rotating speed and an actual thrust value generated by the thrust balancing device under the test rotating speed;
extracting a thrust control target value under the test rotating speed in the rotating speed-thrust control target value control law;
giving a thrust control threshold, subtracting the thrust control threshold from the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control lower limit value Kmin, and adding the thrust control threshold to the thrust control target value to obtain a thrust control upper limit value Kmax to generate a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
judging whether the actual thrust value is within a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
if the actual thrust value is within the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates reasonable thrust;
and if the actual thrust value is out of the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates unreasonable thrust, and the thrust generated by the thrust balancing device is adjusted.
7. The dynamic regulation and control method of the axial force of the compressor under the warming and pressurizing conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for controlling the external thrust balancing device to generate thrust by adopting a PID closed-loop control mode comprises the following steps:
acquiring a test rotating speed and an actual bearing axial force of the bearing at the test rotating speed;
setting a control target value of the axial force of the bearing;
acquiring an axial force generated by the gas compressor in real time, and calculating a difference value between the axial force and a control target value of the axial force of the bearing to acquire a thrust control target value;
giving a thrust control threshold, taking the thrust control threshold subtracted from the thrust control target value as a lower thrust control limit value Kmin, and taking the thrust control threshold added to the thrust control target value as an upper thrust control limit value Kmax, and generating a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
judging whether the actual thrust value is within a thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ];
if the actual thrust value is within the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates reasonable thrust;
and if the actual thrust value is out of the thrust control range [ Kmin, kmax ], the thrust balancing device generates unreasonable thrust, and the thrust generated by the thrust balancing device is adjusted.
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