CN115354531A

CN115354531A - Tamping device and method for ballast track bed

Info

Publication number: CN115354531A
Application number: CN202210898255.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈成; 饶文锦; 林晓东; 刘堉泷; 方佳才; 贾西贝
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date: 2022-07-28
Filing date: 2022-07-28
Publication date: 2022-11-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a ballast track bed tamping device and a method. Scanning a driving carriage to generate a three-dimensional image of a ballast track bed and determining ballast supplementing quantity and track lifting and lining data; the ballast supplementing and shaping carriage supplements the ballast to the ballast bed according to the calculated ballast supplementing amount, and shapes the scattered ballast; determining tamping parameters for tamping operation according to the compactness of the ballast track bed in the tamping carriage, performing track lifting and lining operation according to the track lifting and lining data, and scanning the tamping-finished pick pit to obtain the volume of the pick pit; the pickaxe nest backfilling carriage backfills the pickaxe nest according to the volume of the pickaxe nest, and flattens and tamps the pickaxe nest; and the dynamic stabilization compartment performs dynamic stabilization operation on the ballast bed. The invention integrates and improves common track bed maintenance means, overcomes the defect that all parts of the conventional ballast track bed maintenance equipment cannot work cooperatively, and greatly improves the quality of the maintained track bed.

Description

Tamping device and method for ballast track bed

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ballast track bed tamping device and a method, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent measurement and control tamping.

Background

The ballast track is one of the most important structural forms of the track in China, however, with the rapidity and the heavy load of the train, the damage of the ballast track bed is aggravated, a series of problems of settlement, deterioration and the like of the ballast track occur, the aggravation of the settlement of the sleeper and the reduction of the support rigidity and the longitudinal and transverse resistance of the track bed are finally caused, the track enters the geometric form and position to influence the track, the irregularity of the track is caused, and the comfort level and the safety of the running of the train are finally influenced.

After a ballast bed is operated for a period of time, ballast and shoulder ballasts of the ballast bed are migrated and lost, the transverse resistance of the ballast bed is influenced, and in order to restore the section of the ballast bed to the standard, modes such as ballast supplementing slope shoulder ballast shaping and the like are usually adopted, so that large-scale maintenance machines such as SPZ-200 bidirectional ballast distribution shaping vehicles and the like and related patents appear. However, the ballast supplementing quantity is not clearly indicated by the existing equipment and technology in the field, so that the ballast supplementing quantity of a certain section of ballast bed is easily too large, and the ballast is concentrated on the side plough to cause overflow.

The deviation of the geometric shape and position of the ballast track and the compactness of the track bed are usually controlled by a large tamping machine, such as a track lifting and lining machine and a tamping car, and the number of times of track lifting and lining tamping operation is usually determined according to experience by the existing equipment and related technologies to control the tamping quality, so that the automatic and accurate track lifting and lining tamping cannot be realized. In addition, accurate positioning of the lower inserting of the tamping pick cannot be guaranteed, and the sleeper and the steel rail are easy to collide, so that the sleeper, the steel rail and the tamping pick are damaged. If the pick nest formed after tamping is not backfilled, the longitudinal and transverse resistance of a ballast bed can be influenced, the pick nest backfilling vehicle disclosed by the patent CN210194356U adopts a grab bucket to grab a ballast beside a track to supplement the ballast, the volume of the pick nest cannot be evaluated, accurate ballast supplementing is implemented, and the backfilled pick nest is tamped. The longitudinal and transverse resistance of the sleeper after tamping can be greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a ballast track bed tamping device and a ballast track bed tamping method, and solves the problem that the conventional ballast track bed maintenance equipment cannot achieve ideal track geometric shape and position and track bed quality.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a ballast track bed tamping device which comprises a driving carriage, a ballast-supplementing shaping carriage, a tamping carriage, a pick pit backfilling carriage and a dynamic stabilization carriage which are sequentially arranged;

the driving carriage is used for scanning to generate a three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, and determining ballast supplementing quantity and track lifting and lining data according to the three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed;

the ballast supplementing and shaping carriage is used for supplementing ballasts to the ballast track bed according to the ballast supplementing quantity and shaping scattered ballasts, the slope surface of the track bed and shoulder ballasts;

the tamping carriage is used for determining tamping parameters according to the evaluated compactness of the ballast track bed, carrying out track lifting and lining operation according to the track lifting and lining data, carrying out tamping operation according to the tamping parameters, and scanning a tamping pick nest after tamping to obtain the volume of the tamping pick nest;

the pickaxe nest backfilling carriage is used for backfilling the pickaxe nest according to the volume of the pickaxe nest, and flattening and tamping the pickaxe nest;

the dynamic stabilization carriage is used for applying vibration load to the track so as to enable the tamped ballast to reach a stable state.

Further, the driving compartment is provided with a laser radar three-dimensional imaging system and a control system for controlling the tamping device to work; the control system is used for generating an actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed according to data acquired by scanning the ballast track bed by the laser radar three-dimensional imaging system, comparing the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed with a pre-stored standard three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, and determining a ballast supplementing amount according to the volume difference of the ballast track bed in the two three-dimensional images; the track lifting and lining data used for determining the subsequent tamping operation are determined by identifying the position information of the steel rail and the sleeper in the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast bed;

wherein the track start and dial data comprises a track start amount and track dial data.

Further, the tamping carriage comprises a tamping pick, a geological radar and a laser radar II, and the tamping pick is used for executing tamping operation according to tamping parameters; the second laser radar can perform three-dimensional scanning on the tamping pick and the track and is used for judging whether the tamping pick and the track are in collision risk or not in the tamping operation range of the tamping pick; the geological radar can evaluate the compactness state of the ballast track bed by scanning data acquired by the ballast track bed, so as to determine the tamping parameters;

wherein the tamping parameters comprise tamping frequency, tamping amplitude and tamping time.

Further, the ballast supplementing and shaping carriage is provided with a ballast supplementing port and a ballast supplementing and shaping plough; the ballast supplementing port is used for outputting the railway ballast according to the ballast supplementing quantity; the ballast shaping plough is used for returning ballast scattered after ballast supplement into gaps among sleepers to shape a side slope of a ballast bed, so that the side slope and the flatness of the ballast bed meet standard requirements.

Furthermore, the pick pit backfilling carriage is provided with a backfilling pipe for backfilling the pick pit and a tamping hammer for flattening and tamping the pick pit.

Further, the bottom of the dynamic stabilization compartment is provided with a plurality of dynamic stabilizers for applying vertical pressure and horizontal vibration to the steel rail.

Further, a ballast sweeper is arranged at the tail of the power stabilization carriage and used for sweeping the tamped track.

Further, the railway ballast sweeper is of a retractable structure, and after tamping and supplementing operation is finished, the railway ballast sweeper is stored in the dynamic stability carriage.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a ballast track bed tamping method, which includes:

scanning to generate an actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, comparing the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed with a standard three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, and determining ballast supplementing quantity and track lifting and lining data;

supplementing the ballast to the ballast bed according to the ballast supplementing quantity, and shaping scattered ballast, a ballast slope surface and shoulder ballast;

evaluating the compactness state of the ballast track bed, and determining tamping parameters;

performing track lifting and lining operation according to the track lifting and lining data, performing tamping operation according to tamping parameters, and scanning the tamping pick nest to obtain the volume of the tamping pick nest;

backfilling the pick nest according to the volume of the pick nest, and flattening and tamping the pick nest;

and applying a vibration load to the track to perform dynamic stabilization operation so as to enable the tamped ballast to reach a stable state.

Further, the ballast cleaning is carried out on the track after the dynamic stabilization operation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a ballast track bed tamping device and a ballast track bed tamping method, which are characterized in that a driving carriage, a ballast-supplementing shaping carriage, a tamping carriage, a pickaxe pit backfilling carriage and a dynamic stabilization carriage which are sequentially arranged cooperate to operate, track geometric parameter measurement and data processing are carried out in a construction section of the device by using a brand-new intelligent and integrated measurement and control technology, geometric linearity of a track bed and track bed quality are evaluated, operation parameters are further controlled, ballast supplementing quantity is accurately measured and calculated, accurate maintenance operation is carried out on the ballast track bed, fine operation of the device is guided, meanwhile, the synchronization of maintenance operation parameters and measurement is ensured, the problems that in a traditional mode, manual track climbing is frequent, efficiency is low, labor intensity is high, operation experience is excessively depended on and the like are effectively solved, tamping and cleaning operations are carried out after ballast supplementing, and track bed stability is ensured. The invention integrates and improves common centralized ballast bed maintenance means, avoids the discontinuity between each maintenance process and related operation equipment, greatly overcomes the defect that each part of ballast bed maintenance equipment cannot be operated cooperatively, greatly saves the ballast bed maintenance operation time, effectively saves the manpower and financial resources and greatly improves the quality of the maintained ballast bed compared with the traditional maintenance equipment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall tamping device of a ballast track bed provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the ballast track bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic partial structural view of a driving carriage in the ballast track bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a scanning range of a laser radar in the ballast track bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a driving carriage and a ballast-replenishing shaping carriage in the ballast bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic partial structure view of a ballast-replenishing shaping carriage in the ballast bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 is a partial structural schematic view of a tamping carriage in the ballast track bed tamping unit provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 is a top view of a track below a tamping carriage in the ballast track bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic partial structural view of a pick pit backfill carriage in the ballast bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 is a top view of a track below a pick pit backfill carriage in the ballast bed tamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 11 is a partial structural schematic view of a dynamic stabilization compartment in the ballast bed tamping unit provided in the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 12 is a flowchart of a ballast track bed tamping method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. driving a carriage; 11. a first laser radar; 2. repairing a ballast shaping carriage; 21. repairing a ballast opening; 22. a ballast shaping plough; 3. tamping the carriage; 31. tamping pickaxes; 32. lifting the track lining device; 33. a second laser radar; 34. a geological radar; 4. backfilling a compartment with pick pits; 41. backfilling pipes; 42. a tamping hammer; 43. the profile of the pick pit; 5. a dynamic stability compartment; 51. a dynamic stabilizer; 52. a ballast sweeper; 6. a steel rail; 7. a sleeper; 8. a ballast layer; 9. scanning the track profile; 10. a standard track profile.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the invention provides a ballast track bed tamping device which comprises a driving carriage 1, a ballast-supplementing shaping carriage 2, a tamping carriage 3, a pick pit backfilling carriage 4 and a dynamic stabilization carriage 5 which are sequentially arranged as shown in figures 1 and 2. The lower part of the tamping device is provided with a steel rail 6, a sleeper 7 and a track bed layer 8 in sequence. The driving carriage 1 is used for scanning and generating a three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, and determining ballast supplementing quantity and track lifting and lining data according to the three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed; the ballast supplementing and shaping carriage 2 is used for supplementing ballasts to the ballast track bed according to the determined ballast supplementing quantity and shaping scattered ballasts, track bed slope surfaces and shoulder ballasts; the tamping carriage 3 is used for determining tamping parameters according to the evaluated compactness of the ballast track bed, performing track lifting and lining operation according to the determined track lifting and lining data, performing tamping operation according to the determined tamping parameters, and scanning the tamping pick nest to obtain the volume of the tamping pick nest; the pickaxe pit backfilling carriage 4 is used for backfilling the pickaxe pit according to the obtained volume of the pickaxe pit, and flattening and tamping the pickaxe pit; the dynamic stabilization carriage 5 is used for applying vibration load to the track so as to enable the tamped ballast to reach a stable state.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the cab 1 is provided with a laser radar three-dimensional imaging system and a control system for controlling the operation of the tamping device; the laser radar three-dimensional imaging system comprises a first laser radar 11, the first laser radar 11 scans a track in front of driving, as shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a scanning range of the first laser radar 11 in the ballast track bed tamping device is shown, an actual three-dimensional image range of the ballast track bed scanned by the first laser radar 11 is in a scanning track profile 9, and a standard three-dimensional image range of the ballast track bed is in a standard track profile 10. The control system generates an actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed according to data acquired by scanning the ballast track bed through the laser radar three-dimensional imaging system, compares the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed with a pre-stored standard three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, determines a ballast supplementing amount through calculating a volume difference between the two three-dimensional images of the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed and the standard three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, and transmits the ballast supplementing amount to the ballast supplementing shaping carriage 2. Meanwhile, the control system can obtain the position information of the steel rail 6 and the sleeper 7 in the three-dimensional image of the ballast bed through identification, and the position information is compared with the position information of a standard ballast bed track to determine the track lifting and lining data of the subsequent tamping operation. Wherein the track start and track dial data comprises track start amount and track dial data.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the ballast-supplementing shaping carriage 2 is provided with a ballast-supplementing port 21 and a ballast-supplementing shaping plow 22; the ballast supplementing and shaping carriage 2 is used for supplementing ballasts according to the determined ballast supplementing amount of the driving carriage 1, the ballast supplementing port 21 is used for outputting railway ballasts according to the determined ballast supplementing amount, then the railway ballast shaping plough 22 is used for shaping scattered railway ballasts and railway bed side slopes, the gradient and the flatness of the railway bed side slopes reach standard requirements, and meanwhile, redundant railway ballasts scattered on the railway bed side slopes after the ballasts are supplemented are returned to gaps among the sleepers 7.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tamping car 3 includes a tamping pick 31, a geological radar 34, a second laser radar 33, and a track lifting and lining device 32, wherein the track lifting and lining device 32 performs track lifting and lining operations on the steel rail 6 and the sleeper 7 according to track lifting and lining data, and the second laser radar 33 can perform three-dimensional scanning on the tamping pick 31 and the track, and is used for determining whether a risk of collision between the tamping pick 31 and the track exists within an operation range of the tamping pick 31; the geological radar 34 scans a to-be-tamped area, and can evaluate the compactness state of the ballast bed through data obtained by scanning the ballast bed, so as to determine tamping parameters and judge whether the tamping pick 31 can enter the next inserting tamping operation; wherein the tamping parameters comprise preliminary tamping frequency, tamping amplitude and tamping time. The compactness of the track bed is generally preliminarily judged through signals fed back by the solid characteristics of the railway ballast and the gas characteristics of the gap between the railway ballast, which is usually used as one of the standards for judging the tamping quality. After the primary tamping is finished, the geological radar 34 carries out secondary scanning on the tamping area, whether the compactness after the primary tamping meets the requirement is judged, if the compactness does not meet the requirement, secondary tamping needs to be carried out, and the operation is repeated in such a way until the compactness of the track bed meets the requirement, the tamping is stopped, and the tamping of the next area is carried out. And when tamping of the next area is carried out, scanning the tamping-finished pick nest by the second laser radar 33, analyzing to obtain the volume of the pick nest, and determining the ballast supplementing volume of the pick nest. The tamping carriage 3 can simultaneously tamp three sleepers 7 and is provided with an anti-collision system.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the pick pocket profile 43 shown in dotted line in fig. 10 is the pick pocket volume range. The pick pit backfilling carriage 4 is provided with a backfilling pipe 41 for backfilling the pick pit and a tamping hammer 42 for flattening and tamping the pick pit. The backfill amount of the pickaxe nest is determined by the volume of the pickaxe nest measured by the tamping carriage 3 in the previous step, the four pickaxe nests formed among all the sleepers 7 are backfilled through the backfill pipes 41, and then the tamping hammers 42 squeeze and tamp the regions among the backfilled sleepers at a certain downward pressure and amplitude frequency, so that the ballast among the sleepers achieves sufficient compactness, and the longitudinal and transverse resistance of the sleepers 7 is improved.

As shown in fig. 11, after the tamping operation, the longitudinal and lateral resistance and the support rigidity of the sleepers 7 are greatly reduced due to the disturbing action of the tamping picks 31 on the track bed, and dynamic stabilization is usually required. The bottom of the dynamic stabilization carriage 5 is provided with a plurality of dynamic stabilizers 51 which are used for applying vertical pressure and horizontal vibration to the steel rail 6 and further transmitting the vibration to the sleeper 7 connected with the steel rail 6, and the downward pressure and the vibration of the sleeper 7 cause the surrounding ballast to vibrate and compact so as to reach a stable state in advance, thereby reducing the settlement and instability of the track bed in the later operation stage. A ballast sweeper 52 is also arranged at the tail of the dynamic stabilization carriage 5, and can sweep the tamped track, so that the ballasts scattered on the sleepers 7 and the steel rails 6 fall into the space between the sleepers 7 and the track beds on the sides of the sleepers 7. The railway ballast sweeper 52 is of a retractable structure, and after tamping and filling operation is completed, the railway ballast sweeper 52 can be rolled up and stored in the space below the right side of the dynamic stabilization carriage 5.

Example two:

the invention provides a ballast track bed tamping method, which can be implemented by using the ballast track bed tamping device provided by the first embodiment of the invention, and as shown in the following fig. 12, is a flow chart of the ballast track bed tamping method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and includes the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: scanning a laser radar I11 in a driving carriage 1 to generate a ballast track bed actual three-dimensional image, processing data to obtain a current track bed volume, comparing the ballast track bed actual three-dimensional image with a ballast track bed standard three-dimensional image, determining a track bed ballast supplementing quantity V3= V2-V1 on the assumption that the current track bed volume is V1 and the standard track bed volume is V2, scanning to obtain position information of a steel rail 6 and a sleeper 7, and determining track lifting and lining data including a track lifting quantity H and track lining data B according to the position of the sleeper 7 on the section of the standard track bed.

Step two: and the ballast supplementing and shaping carriage 2 is used for supplementing ballasts to the ballast track bed according to the ballast supplementing quantity V3 and shaping scattered ballasts, the slope surface of the track bed and shoulder ballasts.

Step three: the geological radar 34 in the tamping carriage 3 evaluates the compactness state of the ballast track bed by scanning the data acquired by the ballast track bed, so as to determine tamping parameters. And C, performing track lifting and lining operation according to the track lifting and lining data obtained in the step I, and performing tamping operation according to the determined tamping parameters. Meanwhile, the second laser radar 33 is used for positioning the tamping pickaxe 31, determining that the tamping pickaxe 31 cannot collide with the steel rail 6 and the sleeper 7 during downward insertion and vibration, starting primary tamping, finishing primary tamping, scanning a tamping area by the geological radar 34, judging whether the compactness of a track bed meets requirements or not, if not, carrying out secondary tamping, repeating the steps until the tamping quality meets the requirements, lifting the tamping pickaxe 31, and finishing tamping. And after tamping is finished, scanning the tamping-finished pick nest by the second laser radar 33, and analyzing to obtain the volume V4 of the pick nest, namely determining the ballast supplementing volume V4 of the pick nest.

Step four: and a backfill pipe 41 of the pick pit backfill carriage 4 is used for refilling ballast into the pick pit according to the pick pit ballast supplementing volume V4 determined in the step III, and after the ballast is supplemented, a tamping hammer 42 is used for flattening and tamping a pick pit backfill area.

Step five: and the dynamic stabilization carriage 5 applies vibration load to the operated track to perform dynamic stabilization operation so as to enable the tamped ballast to reach a stable state. After the power stabilization operation, the ballast sweeper 52 performs ballast sweeping operation on the passing track.

In conclusion, the ballast track bed tamping method provided by the invention adopts sectional operation, and comprises the steps of advancing forward by one section, scanning by one section, supplementing and shaping by one section, picking up and lining up and tamping by one section, backfilling and tamping by a pick pit by one section, cleaning the track bed by one section after power is stabilized, so that the synchronization of maintenance operation parameters and measurement is ensured, the problems of frequent manual track ascending, low efficiency, high labor intensity, excessive dependence on operation experience and the like in the traditional mode are effectively solved, the discontinuity between each maintenance process and related operation equipment is avoided, the defect that each part of ballast track bed maintenance equipment cannot cooperate with each other is greatly overcome, the track bed maintenance operation time is greatly saved, the labor and financial resources are effectively saved, and the quality of the track bed after maintenance is greatly improved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ballast track bed tamping device is characterized by comprising a driving carriage, a ballast-supplementing shaping carriage, a tamping carriage, a pick pit backfilling carriage and a dynamic stabilization carriage which are sequentially arranged;

the pickaxe pit backfilling carriage is used for backfilling the pickaxe pit according to the volume of the pickaxe pit, flattening and tamping the pickaxe pit;

2. The ballast track bed tamping device of claim 1, wherein the driving carriage is configured with a lidar three-dimensional imaging system and a control system for controlling the operation of the tamping device;

the control system is used for generating an actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed according to data acquired by scanning the ballast track bed by the laser radar three-dimensional imaging system, comparing the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed with a pre-stored standard three-dimensional image of the ballast track bed, and determining a ballast supplementing amount according to the volume difference of the ballast track bed in the two three-dimensional images; the track lifting and lining data used for determining the subsequent tamping operation is determined by identifying the position information of the steel rails and the sleepers in the actual three-dimensional image of the ballast bed;

3. The ballast track bed tamping device of claim 1, wherein the tamping carriage comprises a tamping pick, a geological radar, and a laser radar II;

the tamping pickaxe is used for executing tamping operation according to tamping parameters;

the second laser radar can perform three-dimensional scanning on the tamping pickaxe and the track and is used for judging whether the tamping pickaxe and the track are impacted in the tamping operation range of the tamping pickaxe or not;

the geological radar can evaluate the compactness state of the ballast track bed by scanning data acquired by the ballast track bed so as to determine the tamping parameters;

4. The ballast track bed tamping device according to claim 1, wherein the ballast-replenishing shaping carriage is provided with a ballast-replenishing port and a ballast-replenishing shaping plow;

the ballast supplementing port is used for outputting the railway ballast according to the ballast supplementing quantity;

the ballast shaping plough is used for returning ballast scattered after ballast supplement into gaps among sleepers to shape a side slope of a ballast bed, so that the side slope and the flatness of the ballast bed meet standard requirements.

5. The ballast track bed tamping device according to claim 1, wherein the pick pit backfilling carriage is provided with a backfilling pipe for backfilling the pick pit and a tamping hammer for flattening and tamping the pick pit.

6. The ballast track bed tamping device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of dynamic stabilizers are disposed at the bottom of the dynamic stabilization car for applying vertical pressure and horizontal vibration to the steel rail.

7. The ballast track bed tamping device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein a ballast sweeper is arranged at the tail of the dynamic stabilization car for sweeping the tamped track.

8. The ballast track bed tamping device according to claim 7, wherein the ballast sweeper is of a stowable construction, and after the tamping operation is completed, the ballast sweeper is stowed in the dynamic stability compartment.

9. A ballast track bed tamping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

backfilling the pick nest according to the volume of the pick nest, flattening and tamping the pick nest;

10. The ballast track bed tamping method according to claim 9, further comprising cleaning the track ballast after the dynamic stabilization operation.