CN115354414B - Strong acid and strong alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Strong acid and strong alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115354414B CN115354414B CN202211057868.6A CN202211057868A CN115354414B CN 115354414 B CN115354414 B CN 115354414B CN 202211057868 A CN202211057868 A CN 202211057868A CN 115354414 B CN115354414 B CN 115354414B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical group CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102100028292 Aladin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710065039 Aladin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229940113088 dimethylacetamide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- IYWCBYFJFZCCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC=O IYWCBYFJFZCCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbofuran Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=CC2=C1OC(C)(C)C2 DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037307 sensitive skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
- B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/18—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from other substances
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile, and discloses a strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, a preparation method and application thereof. Dissolving polyvinyl chloride resin in a solvent to prepare a skin spinning solution, taking liquid metal as a core spinning solution, obtaining primary yarns through a coaxial wet spinning process, and obtaining the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with a skin-core structure after drafting, water washing and drying. The spinning process is simple, and the obtained fiber has a skin-core structure, smooth surface, high mechanical property, excellent acid and alkali resistance and excellent electric conductivity. The fiber can be changed into fabric through the manufacturing process, and the fabric, the power supply and the induction lamp are manufactured into the induction type filter screen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile, and particularly relates to a strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The polyvinyl chloride fiber is a synthetic fiber, abbreviated as polyvinyl chloride, made from polyvinyl chloride or its copolymer. The polyvinyl chloride fiber has the advantages of low price, good elasticity, good chemical stability, strong acid and strong alkali resistance, high strength and the like, and can be applied to various technical fields, such as filter materials, especially filter materials in strong acid and strong alkali environments.
At present, polyvinyl chloride fibers are mainly produced by a melt spinning technology, and processing aids such as plasticizers, stabilizers and the like are required to be added in the preparation process, and have a certain influence on the fiber performance, so that the mechanical properties of the fibers can be reduced. In addition, when the polyvinyl chloride fiber is melt-spun, the temperature cannot be too high, so that the processing window is small, and the application range is narrow.
The wet spinning can solve the problem that the processing temperature cannot be too high, and can also avoid the problem that the mechanical property is reduced due to the addition of the auxiliary agent. However, due to the characteristics of poor mechanical properties, poor spinnability and the like of the polyvinyl chloride fiber, the preparation of the polyvinyl chloride fiber with good mechanical properties by a wet spinning technology is a technical difficulty which is difficult to overcome, and particularly, the composite fiber with a sheath-core structure has higher spinning difficulty and higher requirements on spinning solution, coagulation bath and parameters.
In addition, even if the mechanical property problem of the polyvinyl chloride fiber is solved, how to accurately identify whether the filter material fails before use and replace the filter material when the filter material is always damaged is a technical problem which needs to be solved, otherwise, certain potential safety hazard is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, a preparation method and application thereof. The strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber can be used as a filtering material in a strong acid and alkali environment, and can ensure whether the fiber is corroded or damaged before use so as to reduce operation risks.
The invention provides a preparation method of a strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving polyvinyl chloride resin in a first solvent to obtain a cortex spinning solution;
s2, pouring the sheath spinning solution and the liquid metal into an outer layer and an inner layer of a coaxial double-needle head respectively, spraying out through a spinneret orifice, and performing coagulating bath to obtain primary fibers with a sheath-core structure; the solubility parameter of the coagulating bath is greater than the solubility parameter of the sheath spinning solution;
s3, cleaning the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting, and air-drying to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the sheath-core structure.
Further, in step S1, the dissolution temperature of the dissolution is 20 to 80 ℃.
In step S1, the first solvent is two or three of dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide and propylene glycol.
In step S1, the volume concentration of the sheath spinning solution is 5% -50%.
Further, the liquid metal is gallium indium tin alloy.
Further, in step S2, the ratio of the flow rate of the liquid metal to the sheath spinning solution is 1: (0.1-10); the sum of the flow rates of the liquid metal and the sheath spinning solution is (0.1-10) L/h.
Further, in step S2, the temperature of the coagulation bath is 10 to 80 ℃.
Further, in step S2, the temperature of the coagulation bath is 30 to 50 ℃.
Further, the coagulating bath is formed by mixing water and a second solvent according to the volume ratio of (3-7), wherein the second solvent is dimethylacetamide or dimethylsulfoxide.
Furthermore, the coagulating bath is formed by mixing water and dimethyl sulfoxide according to a volume ratio of 5:5.
Further, in step S3, the draft multiple of the draft is 1.1-6 times.
The invention also provides the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides application of the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber in a filter material, wherein the filter material is a fiber net obtained by weaving the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber. The filter material can be used for filtering industrial wastewater with strong acid and strong alkali.
Further, in the above application, the filter material is a sensitive filter material, i.e. a sensitive skin layer is damaged.
Preferably, the polyvinyl chloride resin has an average polymerization degree of 1000 to 1500.
The invention is characterized in that (1) the skin-core structural fiber consists of: the skin layer is PVC fiber, and the core layer is liquid metal. (2) selection of coagulation bath solvent and parameters: the dimethyl acetamide and dimethyl sulfoxide are mixed with water in proportion to form coagulating bath, so that the skin spinning liquid can form homogeneous skin-core structure fiber after passing through the coagulating bath. (3) The composite fiber has corrosion resistance, can be used for filtering industrial wastewater of strong acid and strong alkali, and can be made into fabrics by using a weaving technology, so that the following effects can be generated when the power is turned on: forming a passage when the fiber surface layer is not corroded; after the fiber surface layer is corroded, the liquid metal of the core layer flows out to form an open circuit.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the fiber prepared by the method has high strength on one hand, and the skin layer fiber and the core layer fiber are well combined due to the effect of a specific coagulating bath, so that small molecule migration of the product in the use process is effectively avoided, the shrinkage of the fiber is further reduced, and the dimensional stability is improved; on the other hand, the skin layer is PVC fiber, so that the PVC fiber has good chemical stability, can be used in a strong acid and alkali environment, and can conduct electricity when the fiber product is used in the strong acid and alkali environment due to the liquid metal of the core layer, and the liquid metal flows out when the fiber skin layer is damaged, so that the fiber product no longer has conductivity. The method is simple, saves cost, can be used as a filtering material in a strong acid and alkali environment, and can ensure whether fibers are corroded or damaged before use, thereby reducing operation risks and improving safety indexes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron microscope image of the surface of a strong acid and strong alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with a sheath-core structure prepared in example 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the resistance change before and after corrosion of a portion of the conductive composite fiber with strong acid and strong alkali resistance with a sheath-core structure prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an electron microscope image of the surface of the conductive composite fiber with strong acid and strong alkali resistance with the sheath-core structure prepared in comparative example 1.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and nature of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures and reagents not shown in the formulation of the examples were all in accordance with the conventional conditions in the art.
Raw materials: polyvinyl chloride resin (K-value 72-71), manufactured by Shanghai Michael chemical Co., ltd; liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy, manufactured by Hunan Medium Cheng Te New Material technology Co., ltd; tetrahydrofuran, AR grade 99.0%, aladin limited; dimethylacetamide, 98%, manufactured by chemical industry limited company of Beijing Hua Weirui family; dimethylformamide, AR grade, 99.5%, aladin limited; dimethyl sulfoxide, AR grade, >99% (GC), aladin limited; propylene glycol, manufactured by Shanghai carbofuran chemical technology Co., ltd.
Example 1
A preparation method of strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber comprises the following steps:
the first step: tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide were mixed according to 3:2, 300ml of cortical dissolution liquid is prepared, and the mixture is sealed and kept stand for 2 hours.
And a second step of: slowly pouring 80g of polyvinyl chloride resin powder into the cortex dissolving solution, heating and stirring in a water bath for 2 hours until the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is completely dissolved to form the cortex spinning solution.
And a third step of: pouring the liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy into a container and standing for 2h.
Fourth step: setting the ratio of the flow rates of the inner spinning solution to the outer spinning solution to be 1:1, the sum of the flow rates of the spinning solution of the inner layer and the spinning solution of the outer layer is 4L/h, and the ratio of the diameters of the inner layer and the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle is 6:4.
fifth step: the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are respectively input into an inner layer and an outer layer of a coaxial double-needle head, are sprayed out through a spinneret orifice, and pass through a coagulating bath (water and dimethyl sulfoxide are configured according to the volume ratio of 1:1) with the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the nascent fiber.
Sixth step: and (3) treating the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting for 6 times, and air-drying for 1h to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the skin-core structure.
Seventh step: the resulting fibers are formed into a web using a weaving technique. As shown in FIG. 1, the surface electron microscope image shows that the fiber surface is smooth and has less ravines.
Eighth step: the fiber net is connected with a circuit, so that the fiber net can be used for passing when the fiber is intact, and when the fiber part is broken, the resistance is changed to generate an electric signal, and the resistance change diagram before and after the fiber part is corroded is shown in figure 2.
Example 2
A preparation method of strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber comprises the following steps:
the first step: tetrahydrofuran, propylene glycol, dimethylformamide were mixed according to a ratio of 5:3:2, 300ml of cortical dissolution liquid is prepared, and the mixture is sealed and kept stand for 2 hours.
And a second step of: 45g of polyvinyl chloride resin powder is slowly poured into the cortex dissolving solution, heated and stirred in a water bath for 3 hours until the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is completely dissolved to form the cortex spinning solution.
And a third step of: pouring the liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy into a container and standing for 2h.
Fourth step: setting the ratio of the flow rates of the inner spinning solution to the outer spinning solution to be 1:1.1, the sum of the flow rates of the spinning solution of the inner layer and the spinning solution of the outer layer is 5L/h, and the diameter ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle is 7:3.
fifth step: the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are respectively input into an inner layer and an outer layer of a coaxial double-needle head, are sprayed out through a spinneret orifice, and pass through a coagulating bath of water and dimethyl formamide at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain the nascent fiber. (the volume ratio of the coagulation bath is 7:3)
Sixth step: treating the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting for 4.9 times, and air-drying for 1h to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the skin-core structure.
Seventh step: the resulting fibers are formed into a web using a weaving technique.
Example 3
A preparation method for preparing a strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with a sheath-core structure by coaxial wet spinning comprises the following steps:
the first step: tetrahydrofuran and dimethyl sulfoxide were mixed according to 3:2, 300ml of cortical dissolution liquid is prepared, and the mixture is sealed and kept stand for 2 hours.
And a second step of: 50g of polyvinyl chloride resin powder is slowly poured into the cortex dissolving solution, heated and stirred in a water bath for 6 hours until the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is completely dissolved to form the cortex spinning solution.
And a third step of: pouring the liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy into a container and standing for 2h.
Fourth step: setting the ratio of the flow rates of the inner spinning solution to the outer spinning solution to be 1:1, the sum of the flow rates of the spinning solution of the inner layer and the spinning solution of the outer layer is 4.5L/h, and the diameter ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle is 7:3.
fifth step: the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are respectively input into the inner layer and the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle head, are sprayed out through the spinneret orifices, and pass through the coagulating bath of water and dimethylformamide at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the nascent fiber. (coagulation bath volume ratio of 4:6)
Sixth step: treating the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting for 4.3 times, and air-drying for 1h to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the skin-core structure.
Seventh step: the resulting fibers are formed into a web using a weaving technique.
Example 4
A preparation method for preparing a strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with a sheath-core structure by coaxial wet spinning comprises the following steps:
the first step: dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide were mixed according to a ratio of 1:1, 300ml of cortical dissolution liquid is prepared, and the mixture is sealed and kept stand for 2 hours.
And a second step of: 45g of polyvinyl chloride resin powder is slowly poured into the cortex dissolving solution, heated and stirred in a water bath for 8 hours until the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is completely dissolved to form the cortex spinning solution.
And a third step of: pouring the liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy into a container and standing for 2h.
Fourth step: setting the ratio of the flow rates of the inner spinning solution to the outer spinning solution to be 1:1, the sum of the flow rates of the spinning solution of the inner layer and the spinning solution of the outer layer is 3.8L/h, and the diameter ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle is 2:1.
fifth step: the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are respectively input into the inner layer and the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle head, are sprayed out through the spinneret orifices, and pass through the coagulating bath of water and dimethyl sulfoxide at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the nascent fiber. (coagulation bath volume ratio of 3:7)
Sixth step: treating the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting for 3.8 times, and air-drying for 1h to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the skin-core structure.
Seventh step: the resulting fibers are formed into a web using a weaving technique.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method for preparing composite fiber with a sheath-core structure by coaxial wet spinning comprises the following steps:
the first step: tetrahydrofuran was prepared as a cortical solution in 300ml.
And a second step of: 30g of polyvinyl chloride resin powder is slowly poured into the cortex dissolving solution, heated and stirred in a water bath for 8 hours until the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is completely dissolved to form the cortex spinning solution.
And a third step of: pouring the liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy into a container and standing for 2h.
Fourth step: setting the ratio of the flow rates of the inner spinning solution to the outer spinning solution to be 1:1, the sum of the flow rates of the spinning solution of the inner layer and the spinning solution of the outer layer is 3.8L/h, and the diameter ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle is 2:1.
fifth step: the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are respectively input into the inner layer and the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle head, are sprayed out through the spinneret orifices, and pass through the coagulating bath of water with the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain the nascent fiber.
Sixth step: and (3) treating the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting for 2.8 times, and air-drying for 1h to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the sheath-core structure.
Seventh step: the resulting fibers are formed into a web using a weaving technique. The surface electron microscope image is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that the fiber surface is rough and the grooves are vertically and horizontally arranged.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method for preparing composite fiber with a sheath-core structure by coaxial wet spinning comprises the following steps:
the first step: dimethylformamide was used as 300ml of cortical solution.
And a second step of: 50g of polyvinyl chloride resin powder is slowly poured into the cortex dissolving solution, heated and stirred in a water bath for 6 hours until the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is completely dissolved to form the cortex spinning solution.
And a third step of: pouring the liquid metal gallium indium tin alloy into a container and standing for 2h.
Fourth step: setting the ratio of the flow rates of the inner spinning solution to the outer spinning solution to be 1:1, the sum of the flow rates of the spinning solution of the inner layer and the spinning solution of the outer layer is 4.5L/h, and the diameter ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer of the coaxial double-needle is 7:3.
fifth step: the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are respectively input into an inner layer and an outer layer of a coaxial double-needle head, are sprayed out through a spinneret orifice, and pass through a coagulating bath (the volume ratio of water to dimethyl sulfoxide is 9:1) at 50 ℃ to obtain the nascent fiber.
Sixth step: and (3) treating the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting for 2.3 times, and air-drying for 1h to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber with the sheath-core structure.
Seventh step: the resulting fibers are formed into a web using a weaving technique.
The strength and elongation at break of single fiber are measured by an XQ-1C type fiber tensile tester of Shanghai new fiber instrument company, the distance between an upper fiber clamp and a lower fiber clamp is 50mm, the stretching rate is 50mm/min, and 30 groups of samples are measured to obtain the average value.
Table 1 shows the fiber mechanical parameters of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention
As can be seen from table 1: the fibers obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2 have poor mechanical properties, are unfavorable for subsequent weaving, and cannot be used for filter materials.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dissolving polyvinyl chloride resin in a first solvent to obtain a cortex spinning solution; the first solvent is formed by mixing two or three of dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide and propylene glycol; the volume concentration of the cortex spinning solution is 5% -50%; the average polymerization degree of the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1000-1500;
s2, pouring the sheath spinning solution and the liquid metal into an outer layer and an inner layer of a coaxial double-needle head respectively, spraying out through a spinneret orifice, and performing coagulating bath to obtain primary fibers with a sheath-core structure; the solubility parameter of the coagulating bath is greater than the solubility parameter of the sheath spinning solution; the coagulating bath is formed by mixing water and a second solvent according to the volume ratio of (3-7), wherein the second solvent is dimethylacetamide and/or dimethylsulfoxide;
s3, cleaning the nascent fiber with deionized water, drafting, and air-drying to obtain the strong acid and alkali resistant composite fiber with the sheath-core structure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid metal is gallium indium tin alloy.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the ratio of the flow rates of the liquid metal to the sheath dope is 1: (0.1-10); the sum of the flow rates of the liquid metal and the sheath spinning solution is (0.1-10) L/h.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the coagulation bath is formed by mixing water and dimethyl sulfoxide in a volume ratio of 5:5.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the draft is 1.1 to 6 times as large as the draft.
6. The strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The application of the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber in a filter material, wherein the filter material is a fiber net woven by the strong acid and alkali resistant conductive composite fiber, the filter material is used for filtering strong acid and alkali industrial wastewater, and the filter material is a filter material capable of sensing whether a cortex is broken or not; the method for detecting whether the damage exists in the induction cortex comprises the following steps: the circuit is connected, and the skin is broken through the electric signal induction generated by the change of the resistance.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990065194A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-08-05 | 김환철 | Polyvinyl Chloride Fiber and Manufacturing Method Thereof |
| KR20140017335A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Stretchable and conductive composite fiber yarn, manufacturing method thereof, and stretchable and conductive composite spun yarn including the same |
| CN106968023A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-21 | 郑州大学 | Conducting polymer composite fibre with skin-core structure and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990065194A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-08-05 | 김환철 | Polyvinyl Chloride Fiber and Manufacturing Method Thereof |
| KR20140017335A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Stretchable and conductive composite fiber yarn, manufacturing method thereof, and stretchable and conductive composite spun yarn including the same |
| CN106968023A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-21 | 郑州大学 | Conducting polymer composite fibre with skin-core structure and preparation method thereof |
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