CN115354344A - Energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference, which is realized by adopting an acidity difference electrolysis cell, wherein the acidity difference electrolysis cell is formed by detachably assembling an acid liquid container, an alkali liquid container and a catalyst container, a cation exchange membrane is arranged between chambers of the acid liquid container and the catalyst container, an anion exchange membrane is arranged between chambers of the alkali liquid container and the catalyst container, a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively arranged in the chambers of the acid liquid container and the alkali liquid container, the first electrode is electrically connected with a negative electrode of a storage battery, the second electrode is electrically connected with a positive electrode of the storage battery, an acid liquid medium in the acid liquid container is an HCl solution, an alkali liquid medium in the alkali liquid container is an NaOH solution, and a catalyst medium in the catalyst container is a mixed solution of dodecyl sulfopropyl betaine and glycine. The energy-saving electrolysis process utilizes the acid-base difference to change the potential difference of the electrodes and the water dissociation to absorb the heat energy in the air environment, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption manually provided during the water electrolysis.

Description

Energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis equipment, in particular to an energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference.

Background

As a novel energy source, the hydrogen energy source is not easy to cause environmental pollution and is high-efficiency, so that the hydrogen energy source receives more and more extensive attention. In the related art, hydrogen is mainly obtained by electrolyzing water through a proton exchange membrane. A common water electrolyzer is a general electrochemical device for producing ultrapure (e.g., typically, at least 99.9% pure) hydrogen from pure water. The core technology of water electrolysis hydrogen production is the manufacture of an electrolytic cell, and the material and combination mode of the electrolytic cell are very critical. The traditional electrolytic cell is mainly assembled by adopting an armless structure, and is integrally integrated in a repolarization mode, namely a plurality of bipolar plates, current collectors, membrane electrodes and the like are sequentially stacked in two end plates and then are integrally fixed by using screws. For example, the invention with the publication number of CN 212075U discloses a mobile hydrogen production and hydrogenation device by water electrolysis, and the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell adopts the structure. For another example, application publication No. CN113684492A discloses a plate and frame stackable hydrogen production by water electrolysis PEM electrolyzer comprising a plurality of electrolyzers, bipolar plates disposed between adjacent electrolyzers, and a fastening device. The electrolytic cell comprises two plate frames with insulation property and a single membrane electrode, wherein the plate frames are tightly attached to two surfaces of the membrane electrode. The plate frame is provided with a through groove to form an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and the through groove is internally provided with electrode materials electrically connected with the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate. The plurality of electrolytic cells and the bipolar plates are arranged in a staggered mode to form an electrolytic cell string, positive oxygen holes, positive water inlet holes and positive hydrogen holes are formed in the plate frame, the bipolar plates and the membrane electrodes, so that an oxygen channel, a water inlet channel and a hydrogen channel are formed in the electrolytic cell string respectively, the oxygen channel and the water inlet channel are communicated with the anode chamber, and the hydrogen channel is communicated with the cathode chamber. The fixing device is used for abutting against and fixing the plurality of electrolytic cells and the bipolar plates.

The electrolytic cell is integrated in a repolarization mode, namely, power supply, water supply and exhaust are connected among all single cells (membrane electrodes) in series, if a membrane electrode or other parts in the electrolytic cell have faults, the whole electrolytic cell can stop working all at once, when in maintenance, the whole electrolytic cell needs to be disassembled completely, the fault parts are found and replaced, then the electrolytic cell is assembled again for recovery, and the performance needs to be activated again after recovery. The whole maintenance process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the assembly and disassembly process can cause damage to other membrane electrodes or components, thereby causing the reduction of the overall performance of the electrolytic cell. For the hydrogen production electrolysis unit used in the laboratory or in the microminiature, the structure is smaller and more compact, and the existing electrolysis bath structure is adopted, so that the hydrogen production electrolysis unit is more difficult to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

On the other hand, in the single acid-base environment water electrolysis adopted at home and abroad at present, the electrolysis voltage exceeds 1.36V, wherein the polarization overpotential is 0.13V, 1.23V is the standard electrode potential difference, a large amount of electric energy is required to be consumed in the water electrolysis process of the traditional electrolytic cell, the electrolysis effect is relatively common, and the cost is increased due to the large amount of electric energy required to be consumed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical effects is as follows:

an energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolytic water is realized by adopting an acidity difference electrolytic cell, wherein the acidity difference electrolytic cell is formed by detachably assembling an acid liquid container, an alkali liquid container and a catalyst container, a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the acid liquid container and a cavity of the catalyst container, an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the alkali liquid container and the cavity of the catalyst container, a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively arranged in the cavities of the acid liquid container and the alkali liquid container, the first electrode is electrically connected with a negative electrode of a storage battery, the second electrode is electrically connected with a positive electrode of the storage battery, an acid liquid medium in the acid liquid container is an HCl solution, an alkali liquid medium in the alkali liquid container is an NaOH solution, a catalyst medium in the catalyst container is a mixed solution of dodecyl sulfopropyl betaine and glycine, and an electrolysis reaction in the acidity difference electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:

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preferably, in the above energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis water, the catalyst container is located between the acid solution container and the alkali solution container, the left end and the right end of the catalyst container are open, the left side of the catalyst container is detachably connected with the acid solution container in a close manner, the cation exchange membrane is detachably arranged at the connection position, the right side of the catalyst container is detachably connected with the alkali solution container in a close manner, the anion exchange membrane is detachably arranged at the connection position, the internal cavity of the acidity difference electrolysis cell is partitioned into an acid solution cavity, a catalyst cavity and an alkali solution cavity by the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane, the acid solution cavity is connected with the first exhaust pipe and the first electrode, the catalyst cavity is connected with the water feeding pipe and the air pressure balance pipe, and the alkali solution cavity is connected with the second exhaust pipe and the second electrode.

Preferably, in the energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis of water, the four corners of the acidity difference electrolysis cell are connected with locking connectors for sequentially, closely assembling and fixing the acid liquor container, the catalyst container and the alkali liquor container into a whole.

Preferably, in the energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis water, the locking connector comprises a connecting rod sequentially arranged at four corners of the acid solution container, the catalyst container and the alkali solution container in a penetrating manner, the connecting rod comprises a smooth rod section in the middle and threaded rod sections positioned at two ends of the smooth rod section, and the threaded rod section is provided with a lock nut for tightness adjustment.

Preferably, in the energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolyzed water, an intermediate cover plate is arranged on an upper end surface of the acidity difference electrolysis cell, a top cover plate is arranged on an upper end surface of the intermediate cover plate, a raised table top with a square-shaped cross section is formed on upper end surfaces of the acid liquid container, the catalyst container and the alkali liquid container, a square through hole is formed on the raised table top, three nesting holes for nesting the raised table top respectively are formed on the intermediate cover plate, a first electrode hole and a first exhaust hole are formed in positions of the top cover plate corresponding to the acid liquid container, the first electrode and the first exhaust pipe are fixed in the first electrode hole and the first exhaust hole respectively, a water feeding hole and a gas pressure balancing hole are formed in positions of the top cover plate corresponding to the catalyst container, the water feeding pipe and the gas pressure balancing pipe are fixed in the water feeding hole and the gas pressure balancing hole respectively, a second exhaust hole and a second electrode hole are formed in positions of the top cover plate corresponding to the alkali liquid container, and the second electrode and the second exhaust pipe are fixed in the second electrode hole and the second exhaust hole respectively.

Preferably, in the above energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis water, the first electrode includes a platinum-plated silver electrode plate, a silver wire conductively connected to the silver electrode plate, and a copper electrical connection terminal conductively connected to the silver wire, the silver wire is wrapped in a polytetrafluoroethylene column, and the polytetrafluoroethylene column is inserted into the first electrode hole.

Preferably, in the energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference, the acid solution container, the catalyst container and the alkali solution container are respectively provided with a transparent window on the side wall corresponding to the acid solution chamber, the catalyst chamber and the alkali solution chamber.

Preferably, in the energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference for electrolyzing water, an elastic sealing gasket for close contact is respectively disposed between the right-side opening wall surface of the acid solution container and the left-side opening wall surface of the catalyst container, and between the left-side opening wall surface of the alkali solution chamber and the right-side opening wall surface of the catalyst container, clamping grooves are formed at lower side positions of the opposite opening wall surfaces, and peripheral side edges of the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane are clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves.

Preferably, in the energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolyzed water, the cation exchange membrane is fixed on the middle square hole of the stainless steel splint, and the peripheral side edges of the stainless steel splint are clamped in the clamping groove.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis water, the shell materials of the acid solution container, the alkali solution container and the catalyst container are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene plus% barium sulfate, and the middle cover plate and the top cover plate are all made of polyethylene materials.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the energy-saving electrolysis process changes the potential difference of the electrodes by using the acid-base difference, reduces the electrolysis voltage, uses the water dissociation to desorb the heat energy in the air environment, achieves the aim of reducing the energy consumption artificially provided during electrolysis, balances the acid-base change and the electric property after the electrode reaction by using the water dissociation, ensures the reaction to be continuous, realizes the standard potential difference of the electrodes to be 0.28V and the polarization overpotential to be 0.12V by using the acidity difference, can electrolyze water by only 0.4V, obviously reduces the energy consumption and saves the cost of hydrogen production by electrolysis compared with the existing water electrolysis process with high energy consumption.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a differential acidity electrolytic cell according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembled structural view of the acid difference electrolytic cell according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a disassembled view of the differential acidity electrolytic cell of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the main structure of the acid difference electrolytic cell according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of section "I" of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a first electrode according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the locking connection of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a structural view of the stainless steel splint according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples, in which:

in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and can be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, connected through an intermediate medium, or connected through two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, as shown in the figures, the embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis water, which is implemented by using an acidity difference electrolysis cell 1, wherein, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the acidity difference electrolysis cell 1 is detachably assembled by an acid solution container 11, an alkali solution container 12 and a catalyst container 13. A cation exchange membrane 3 is arranged between the cavities of the acid liquid container 11 and the catalyst container 13, and an anion exchange membrane 4 is arranged between the cavities of the alkali liquid container 12 and the catalyst container 13. The chambers of the acid liquid container 11 and the alkali liquid container 12 are respectively provided with a first electrode 7 and a second electrode 9, the first electrode 7 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the second electrode 9 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery. Specifically, the acid solution medium in the acid solution container 11 is an HCl solution, the alkali solution medium in the alkali solution container 12 is an NaOH solution, and the catalyst medium in the catalyst container 13 is a mixed solution of dodecyl sulfopropyl betaine and glycine. Wherein the molar concentration of HCl in the hydrochloric acid solution is 10mol/L, the molar concentration of NaOH in the sodium hydroxide solution is 10mol/L, and the mass fraction of the dodecyl sulfopropyl betaine is 40%. Specifically, the electrolytic reaction in the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 includes:

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in the first chemical equation set i, formula 1 describes the reaction of the sodium hydroxide solution in the alkaline solution container 12 at the second electrode 9, and formula 2 describes the reaction of the hydrochloric acid solution in the acid solution container 11 at the first electrode 7, that is, the first chemical equation set i describes the electrode reactions under different acid-base environments. The second chemical equation set II describes the case where the remaining charges after the electrode reaction exchange ions with the cation-exchange membrane 3 and the anion-exchange membrane 4, respectively, and form a membrane stock dump. The third set of equations III describes the equilibrium of glycine dissociation in the catalyst vessel 13 and its migration under the electric field of the membrane stack, followed by the exchange of the glycine anion and cation with dodecylsulfopropylbetaine and the promotion of water dissociation. The fourth chemical equation set IV describes that the dodecyl sulfopropyl betaine anions and cations exchange ions with the membrane stack, the consumption of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions after electrode reaction is recovered, the electric balance is completed, and the whole electrolytic reaction is completed, so that the next electrolytic cycle can be performed.

By combining the second chemical equation set II, the third chemical equation set III and the fourth chemical equation set IV, the electrolysis process of water is completed under the action of a membrane stack electric field, namely a catalyst, and heat energy in air is absorbed by absorbing heat and reducing temperature in the water electrolysis process, so that the aims of saving energy consumption and realizing water electrolysis with low energy consumption are fulfilled. Since the standard electrode potential is 0V at 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid and hydrogen gas, 10mol/L is 0+ 0.059V, which is equal to 0.06V. The standard electrode potential is generally 0.4 volts per liter of sodium hydroxide plus oxygen, with 10 moles per liter ranging from 0.4 to 0.059 volts and approximately equal to 0.34 volts. 0.34-0.06=0.28 volts, then 0.12 volts, 0.28+0.12 volts, i.e. 0.4 volts, is planned over-potential. Therefore, the standard electrode potential difference of 0.28V and the polarization overpotential of 0.12V are realized through the acidity difference, only 0.4V is needed to electrolyze water, and the energy is saved under the same current condition because the electrolysis power is the product of current and voltage. In the experimental process, through the hydrolysis voltage of 0.4V, the bubbles of hydrogen generated by electrolyzing water can be seen, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced compared with the energy consumption required by the existing hydrogen production by electrolyzing water.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the catalyst container 13 is located between the acid solution container 11 and the alkali solution container 12, both left and right ends of the catalyst container 13 are open, the left opening is detachably attached to the acid solution container 11, and the cation exchange membrane 3 is detachably disposed at the connection. The right opening of the catalyst container 13 is detachably and closely connected with the alkali liquor container 12, and the anion exchange membrane 4 is detachably arranged at the connection position. The internal chamber of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 is partitioned into an acid solution chamber 111, a catalyst chamber 131 and an alkali solution chamber 121 by a cation exchange membrane 3 and an anion exchange membrane 4. As shown in fig. 2, the acid solution chamber 111 is connected to the first exhaust pipe 112 and the first electrode 7, the catalyst chamber 131 is connected to the water feeding pipe 132 and the air pressure balancing pipe 133, and the alkali solution chamber 121 is connected to the second exhaust pipe 122 and the second electrode 9.

Specifically, hydrogen generated by electrolyzing water in the acid solution chamber 111 is exhausted through the first exhaust pipe 112, and oxygen generated by electrolyzing water in the alkali solution chamber 121 is exhausted through the second exhaust pipe 122. Ultrapure water can be supplied to the catalyst chamber 131 through the water supply pipe 132, and the gas pressure inside the container can be equalized through the gas pressure equalizing pipe 133.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, locking connectors 2 for tightly assembling and fixing the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12 in sequence are connected to four corners of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1. When the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 needs to be disassembled, the locking connecting piece 2 is adjusted to be loosened and disassembled, so that the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 which is closely connected into a whole can be disassembled into the acid liquid container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali liquid container 12. When the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12 are required to be tightly assembled and connected into a whole, the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12 are sequentially connected in series on the locking connecting piece 2, and then the tightness of the locking connecting piece 2 is adjusted to enable the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12 to be tightly attached together in sequence, so that corresponding openings of the containers are in butt joint and adaptive connection and are tightly attached under the extrusion action, and a sealing structure with different medium chambers (the acid solution chamber 111, the catalyst chamber 131 and the alkali solution chamber 121) inside is formed.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the locking connection member 2 comprises a connecting rod 21 which is sequentially inserted through four corners of the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12, and locking nuts 22 which are adjustably connected to both ends of the connecting rod 21. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the connecting rod 21 comprises a smooth rod section 211 in the middle and a threaded rod section 212 at both ends of the smooth rod section 211, wherein the lock nuts 22 are disposed on the threaded rod section 212 through threaded connection, when the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 needs to be disassembled, the lock nuts 22 at both ends are screwed out and removed from the threaded rod section 212, so that the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12 which are closely connected by the squeezing action can be disassembled, thereby facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the internal structural components of each container. After the internal structural members are maintained and replaced, the acid liquid container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali liquid container 12 are connected in series on the connecting rod 21 in sequence, then the lock nuts 22 are respectively connected on the threaded rod sections 212 at the two ends of the connecting rod 21 and are relatively screwed, so that the acid liquid container 11 and the alkali liquid container 12 positioned at the two sides can be relatively extruded, the right opening of the acid liquid container 11 is butted and closely attached to the left opening of the catalyst container 13, and the right opening of the alkali liquid container 12 is butted and closely attached to the right opening of the catalyst container 13, thereby forming the integrated detachable acidity difference electrolytic cell 1. In order to adjust the lock nuts 22 at the two ends of the locking connector 2 conveniently, the bar-shaped block-shaped support legs 16 are arranged at the bottom positions of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 corresponding to the left and right ends of the acid liquid container 11 and the alkali liquid container 12, the height above the ground between the bottom of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 and the working platform can be increased through the bar-shaped block-shaped support legs 16, and the lock nuts 22 are prevented from being contacted with the bottom of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 directly.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 is provided at the upper end surface thereof with an intermediate cover plate 5, the upper end surface of the intermediate cover plate 5 is provided with a top cover plate 6, and the lower surface of the top cover plate 6 is adhesively fixed to the upper surface of the intermediate cover plate 5. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper end surfaces of the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12 are formed with raised table tops 8 with a square cross section, the raised table tops 8 are formed with square through holes 81, the middle cover plate 5 is formed with three nesting holes 51 for nesting the raised table tops 8, and the middle cover plate 5 is nested and clamped at the periphery of the square through holes 81 through the nesting holes 51. Specifically, the top end cover plate 6 is provided with a first electrode hole 61 and a first exhaust hole 62 at a position corresponding to the acid solution container 11, and the first electrode 7 and the first exhaust pipe 112 are fixed in the first electrode hole 61 and the first exhaust hole 62, respectively. The top cover 6 is provided with a water inlet hole 63 and a pressure equalizing hole 64 at positions corresponding to the catalyst container 13, and a water inlet pipe 132 and a pressure equalizing pipe 133 are fixed in the water inlet hole 63 and the pressure equalizing hole 64, respectively. The top cover plate 6 is provided with a second vent hole 65 and a second electrode hole 66 at the position corresponding to the lye container 12, and the second electrode 9 and the second vent pipe 122 are respectively fixed in the second electrode hole 66 and the second vent hole 65. The first electrode 7, the first exhaust pipe 112, the water feeding pipe 132, the air pressure balance pipe 133, the second electrode 9 and the second exhaust pipe 122 can be respectively fixed on corresponding hole sites through the middle cover plate 5 and the top cover plate 6, so that the rapid assembly can be conveniently completed. When the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 needs to be disassembled, the middle cover plate 5 and the top cover plate 6 are disassembled from the main structure of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 as a whole, and then the main structure of the acidity difference electrolytic cell 1 is disassembled to separate the acid solution container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali solution container 12. This poor electrolytic cell of acidity 1 structure is small and exquisite compact, is particularly useful for the laboratory or to the place that the size of a dimension required, and poor electrolytic cell of acidity 1 through convenient to detach constitution can be unpack the cell body structure apart according to the monomer container of storing different solution medium, is convenient for maintain the change to interior structures such as ion exchange membrane, electrode, blast pipe, filler pipe and atmospheric pressure balance pipe.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the first electrode 7 includes a platinized silver tab 71, a silver wire 72 electrically connected to the silver tab 71, and a copper electrical terminal 73 electrically connected to the silver wire 72. Wherein the silver wire 72 is wrapped in a teflon column 74, and the teflon column 74 is inserted into the first electrode hole 61. In the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the second electrode 9 is the same as that of the first electrode 7. In order to facilitate observation of the consumption of the medium liquid in the chambers inside the containers, as shown in fig. 3, the acid container 11, the catalyst container 13, and the alkali container 12 are respectively provided with transparent windows 10 on the side walls corresponding to the acid chamber 111, the catalyst chamber 131, and the alkali chamber 121.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, an elastic sealing gasket 14 for sealing is disposed between the right opening wall surface of the acid container 11 and the left opening wall surface of the catalyst container 13, and between the left opening wall surface of the alkali solution chamber 121 and the right opening wall surface of the catalyst container 13, and clamping grooves 15 are formed at the lower positions of the opposite opening wall surfaces, wherein the peripheral side edges of the cation exchange membrane 3 and the anion exchange membrane 4 are clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves 15. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 8, the cation exchange membrane 3 is fixed on the middle square hole 311 of the stainless steel clamping plate 31, and the peripheral side edges of the stainless steel clamping plate 31 are clamped in the clamping grooves 15. In the embodiment of the present invention, the four sides of the anion exchange membrane 4 are also clamped in the clamping grooves at the corresponding positions by the stainless steel clamping plates 31. When the acid liquid container 11, the catalyst container 13 and the alkali liquid container 12 are butted and tightly attached in sequence, the clamping groove 15 is formed at the lower side position of the opposite opening wall surface to clamp the peripheral side edges of the stainless steel clamping plates 31, and the upper side position of the opposite opening wall surface is tightly attached through the elastic sealing gasket 14 to form a sealing structure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the shell materials of the acid solution container 11, the alkali solution container 12 and the catalyst container 13 are all made of teflon plus 20% barium sulfate, and the middle cover plate 5 and the top cover plate 6 are all made of polyethylene. The acid liquid container 11, the alkali liquid container 12 and the catalyst container 13 which are formed by adding 20 percent of barium sulfate into polytetrafluoroethylene have the function of resisting the creep deformation of the polytetrafluoroethylene. In one embodiment of the present invention, the acid container 11, the alkali container 12, and the catalyst container 13 have a side size of 20 × 20cm, the side wall of the front surface of the transparent window 10 has a size of 5 × 20cm, the outer peripheral size of the raised mesa 8 is 3 × 3cm, and the silver electrode plate 71 has a size of 10 × 10cm. The aperture of the first electrode hole 61 and the aperture of the second electrode hole 66 are both 0.6mm, and the aperture of the first exhaust hole 62, the water filling hole 63, the air pressure balancing hole 64 and the aperture of the second exhaust hole 65 are all 0.3mm. The cation exchange membrane 3 is a sulfonic acid membrane, and the anion exchange membrane 4 is a quaternary ammonium-base membrane.

In conclusion, the energy-saving electrolysis process changes the potential difference of the electrodes by using the acid-base difference, reduces the electrolysis voltage, absorbs heat energy in the air environment by using the water dissociation, achieves the aim of reducing energy consumption artificially supplied during electrolysis, balances the acid-base change by using the water dissociation and balances the electrical property after the electrode reaction, ensures that the reaction is continuous, realizes the standard potential difference of the electrodes to be 0.28V and the polarization overpotential to be 0.12V by using the acidity difference, can electrolyze water by only 0.4V, obviously reduces the energy consumption and saves the cost of hydrogen production by electrolysis compared with the existing water electrolysis process with high energy consumption.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference, which is realized by using an acidity difference electrolysis cell (1), wherein the acidity difference electrolysis cell (1) is formed by detachably assembling an acid solution container (11), an alkali solution container (12) and a catalyst container (13), a cation exchange membrane (3) is arranged between the acid solution container (11) and a chamber of the catalyst container (13), an anion exchange membrane (4) is arranged between the alkali solution container (12) and the chamber of the catalyst container (13), a first electrode (7) and a second electrode (9) are respectively arranged in the acid solution container (11) and the chamber of the alkali solution container (12), the first electrode (7) is electrically connected with a negative electrode of a storage battery, the second electrode (9) is electrically connected with a positive electrode of the storage battery, an acid solution in the acid solution container (11) is an HCl solution, an alkali solution in the alkali solution container (12) is an NaOH solution, a catalyst medium in the catalyst container (13) is a mixed solution of dodecyl sulfopropyl betaine and glycine, and an electrolysis reaction in the acidity difference electrolysis cell (1) comprises:

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2. the energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolyzed water according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst container (13) is located between the acid solution container (11) and the alkali solution container (12), the left and right ends of the catalyst container (13) are open, the left side is detachably connected with the acid solution container (11) in a close contact manner, the cation exchange membrane (3) is detachably arranged at the connection, the right side is detachably connected with the alkali solution container (12) in a close contact manner, the anion exchange membrane (4) is detachably arranged at the connection, the internal cavity of the acidity difference electrolysis cell (1) is partitioned into an acid solution cavity (111), a catalyst cavity (131) and an alkali solution cavity (121) through the cation exchange membrane (3) and the anion exchange membrane (4), the acid solution cavity (111) is connected with a first exhaust pipe (112) and the first electrode (7), the catalyst cavity (131) is connected with a water feeding pipe (132) and an air pressure balance pipe (133), and the alkali solution cavity (121) is connected with a second exhaust pipe (122) and the second electrode (9).

3. The energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolysis water according to claim 2, wherein the four corners of the acidity difference electrolysis cell (1) are connected with locking connectors (2) for sequentially and closely assembling and fixing the acid solution container (11), the catalyst container (13) and the alkali solution container (12) into a whole.

4. The energy-saving electrolysis process of water based on acidity difference of claim 3, wherein the locking connector (2) comprises a connecting rod (21) sequentially arranged at four corners of the acid liquor container (11), the catalyst container (13) and the alkali liquor container (12), the connecting rod (21) comprises a middle smooth rod section (211) and threaded rod sections (212) arranged at two ends of the smooth rod section (211), and the threaded rod sections (212) are provided with lock nuts (22) for tightness adjustment.

5. The energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolyzed water according to claim 2, wherein the upper end surface of the acidity difference electrolysis cell (1) is provided with an intermediate cover plate (5), the upper end surface of the intermediate cover plate (5) is provided with a top cover plate (6), the upper end surfaces of the acid solution container (11), the catalyst container (13) and the alkali solution container (12) are respectively formed with a raised table top (8) with a shape like a Chinese character 'hui' in cross section, a square through hole (81) is formed on the raised table top (8), the intermediate cover plate (5) is formed with three nesting holes (51) respectively used for nesting the raised table top (8), the top cover plate (6) is provided with a first electrode hole (61) and a first air discharge hole (62) at positions corresponding to the acid solution container (11), the first electrode (7) and the first air discharge pipe (112) are respectively fixed in the first air discharge hole (61) and the first air discharge hole (62), the top cover plate (6) is provided with a pressure water adding hole (63) at positions corresponding to the catalyst cover plate container (13), the air pressure water adding hole (65) and the second air adding hole (64) and the second air adding pipe (12) are respectively fixed at positions corresponding to the top water adding hole (64), (132) and the second air adding hole (12) and the top water adding hole (6) are respectively formed in the top hole (64) and the top hole (6) and the second air hole (12) and the top hole (6) and the top hole (8) and the top hole (6) and the top hole (64) and the top hole (8) are respectively formed in the top hole (12) and the top hole (8) and the top hole (6) at positions corresponding to the top hole (13) and the top hole (13), and the top hole (12) and the top hole (13), and the top hole (35) 66 The second electrode (9) and the second exhaust pipe (122) are fixed in the second electrode hole (66) and the second exhaust hole (65), respectively.

6. The energy-saving electrolysis process for electrolyzing water based on acidity difference according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode (7) comprises a platinized silver electrode sheet (71), a silver wire (72) conductively connected to the silver electrode sheet (71), and a copper electrical terminal (73) conductively connected to the silver wire (72), the silver wire (72) is wrapped in a teflon column (74), and the teflon column (74) is inserted into the first electrode hole (61).

7. The energy-saving electrolysis process of water based on acidity difference according to claim 2, wherein the acid solution container (11), the catalyst container (13) and the alkali solution container (12) are opened with transparent windows (10) on the side walls corresponding to the acid solution chamber (111), the catalyst chamber (131) and the alkali solution chamber (121), respectively.

8. The energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolyzed water as claimed in claim 2, wherein an elastic sealing gasket (14) for sealing is arranged between the right opening wall surface of the acid liquid container (11) and the left opening wall surface of the catalyst container (13), and between the left opening wall surface of the alkali liquid chamber (121) and the right opening wall surface of the catalyst container (13), clamping grooves (15) are formed at the lower side positions of the opposite opening wall surfaces, and the peripheral side edges of the cation exchange membrane (3) and the anion exchange membrane (4) are clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves (15).

9. The energy-saving electrolysis process based on acidity difference electrolyzed water according to claim 8, wherein the cation exchange membrane (3) is fixed on the middle square hole (311) of the stainless steel splint (31), and the peripheral side edges of the stainless steel splint (31) are clamped in the clamping groove (15).

10. The energy-saving electrolysis process of water based on acidity difference according to claim 5, wherein the shell materials of the acid solution container (11), the alkaline solution container (12) and the catalyst container (13) are all composed of polytetrafluoroethylene plus 20% barium sulfate, and the intermediate cover plate (5) and the top cover plate (6) are all composed of polyethylene material.

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