CN115354247A - Multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 18
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
- E21B34/142—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools unsupported or free-falling elements, e.g. balls, plugs, darts or pistons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite materials, wherein the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of graphite particles, 10-40% of carbon fibers and the balance of magnesium alloy, wherein the total mass of the raw materials is 100%. Firstly, melting a base material to 10-50 ℃ above a liquidus line under the protection of inert gas, and preserving heat; secondly, adding the solid mixture into the melted matrix material, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to form a uniformly dispersed mixture; and finally, putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a mold, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the mixture from the mold after the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material is high in dissolving speed and good in mechanical property, and meanwhile, the dissolving speed can be changed by adjusting the content of graphite particles and carbon fibers in the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The hydraulic fracturing technology is one of the important means for realizing yield increasing operation of oil and gas fields, particularly low-permeability compact reservoirs, and is widely applied to the development of low-permeability oil and gas fields. In the hydraulic fracturing process, fracturing reconstruction is carried out layer by layer after different intervals are plugged by using a packer tool, and after construction is completed, a temporary plugging tool needs to be removed so as to conveniently get through a well to realize oil and gas exploitation.
At present, most of common packing tools are prepared from insoluble materials such as steel, aluminum alloy, high polymer materials and the like, and the insoluble tools need to be drilled and milled to be removed after plugging is completed, so that the removal is difficult and the operation time is long. Therefore, researchers develop soluble materials, the plugging tool prepared by the soluble materials can be quickly dissolved after plugging operation is completed, drilling and grinding procedures are omitted, engineering risks are reduced, construction efficiency is improved, and damage to a reservoir stratum caused by drilling cuttings is avoided. At present, soluble materials for oil and gas exploitation tools mainly comprise magnesium alloy, a small amount of floating beads are used for reinforcing magnesium-based composite materials, and reports on the chopped carbon fiber and graphite particle magnesium-based composite materials are not found.
Found by the research of the literature, the Chinese patent application number: patents 202010526766.9, 201410166267.8, 201911246268.2 and the like invented soluble magnesium alloys with different components. Chinese patent application No.: 201710381832.6, 201910165441.X and the like invent the floating bead reinforced magnesium-based composite material. The method utilizes the potential of the magnesium alloy electrode and the characteristic of active and easy corrosion of chemical properties, realizes the rapid dissolution of the material, realizes the layer-by-layer dissolution of the outer surface of the material in contact with corrosive liquid in the dissolution process, and has a certain room for improving the dissolution speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the invention provides a multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of graphite particles, 10-40% of carbon fibers and the balance of magnesium alloy, wherein the total mass of the raw materials is 100%.
Further, the carbon fiber is millimeter-sized chopped carbon fiber with the length less than 5 mm.
Further, the particle size of the graphite particles is 800-2000 meshes.
Further, the magnesium alloy is an instant magnesium alloy containing Fe, ni or Cu elements.
Further, the length of the carbon fibers is greater than the diameter of the graphite particles.
Further, the carbon fibers have a length twice the diameter of the graphite particles.
The invention provides a preparation method of a multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: melting the magnesium alloy to 10-50 ℃ above the liquidus in a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat;
s2: placing the carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to form a mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles, and then performing high-temperature degumming treatment and preheating treatment to form a solid mixture;
adding the solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to form a uniformly dispersed mixture;
s3: and (3) putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a mould, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the mixture from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material.
Further, in the step S2, the high-temperature degumming treatment and the preheating treatment include the following steps:
the mixture of fibers and graphite particles is heated to the magnesium alloy melting temperature under a protective atmosphere and held at temperature to form a solid mixture.
Further, the heat preservation time is 10-30 minutes; the protective atmosphere is argon.
The invention provides application of a multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material, which is used as a preparation material of a temporary plugging tool in an oil and gas exploitation process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material. Secondly, the graphite particles and the carbon fibers are used as doping phases, so that the dissolving speed of the composite material can be further improved, and the strength and the hardness of the composite material can be improved; the graphite particles and the carbon fibers are conductive materials, and a galvanic cell which takes the graphite particles and the carbon fibers as positive electrodes and takes the magnesium alloy as a negative electrode can be formed between the graphite particles and the carbon fibers and the magnesium alloy, so that the magnesium alloy can be promoted to lose electrons and be oxidized to generate electrochemical corrosion. Therefore, the dissolution rate of the magnesium alloy is increased compared with that of the magnesium alloy without the doped phase, and after electrochemical corrosion occurs on the surfaces of carbon fibers or graphite particles, the micron-sized graphite particles can firstly fall off from the bonding of the magnesium alloy, so that pits are formed on the surface of the composite material. Compared with a plane without pits, the curved surface with the pits has a large contact area with the corrosive liquid, and the corrosion speed is higher, so that the dissolution of the material is further accelerated. In addition, because carbon fiber and graphite particles are conductive materials, corrosion can be quickly introduced into the composite material, the corrosion of the surface of the material is realized, the corrosion of the interior is also generated, and the dissolution speed of the material can be greatly accelerated. Meanwhile, the graphite particles and the carbon fibers are high-strength and high-hardness materials, and after the graphite particles and the carbon fibers are added into the magnesium alloy, the hardness and the strength of the magnesium alloy can be greatly improved, so that the composite material can be rapidly dissolved and has the advantage of high mechanical property.
The invention provides a preparation method of a multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material, which is simple and has the advantages of high dissolution speed, good mechanical property and the like.
The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material can be used for preparing temporary plugging tools in the oil and gas exploitation process, and is applied to soluble fracturing balls, fracturing ball seats and soluble fracturing bridge plugs. Compared with the traditional soluble magnesium alloy, the multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material prepared by the method has high dissolving speed and good mechanical property, simultaneously can change the dissolving speed of the material by adjusting the contents of graphite particles and carbon fibers in the composite material, and can properly increase the contents of the graphite particles and the carbon fibers when the material is required to be dissolved at a high speed so as to improve the dissolving speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the corrosion principle of the magnesium alloy and multi-scale magnesium-based composite material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the features and effects of the present invention comprehensible to those skilled in the art, general description and definitions are made below with reference to terms and expressions mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The theory or mechanism described and disclosed herein, whether correct or incorrect, should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, i.e., the present disclosure may be practiced without limitation to any particular theory or mechanism.
All features defined herein as numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as values, amounts, levels and concentrations, are for brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered to cover and specifically disclose all possible subranges and individual numerical values (including integers and fractions) within the range.
In this document, unless otherwise specified, "comprising," "including," "having," or similar terms, shall mean "consisting of 8230; \8230, composition" and "consisting essentially of 8230; \8230, composition" such as "A comprises a" shall mean "A comprises a and the other" and "A comprises a only".
In this context, for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of features in the various embodiments or examples are described. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction between combinations of these technical features, any combinations of the technical features in the respective embodiments or examples may be made, and all possible combinations should be considered as the scope of the present specification.
The invention provides a multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and the invention is further illustrated by combining specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The following examples use instrumentation conventional in the art. Experimental procedures without specific conditions noted in the following examples, generally according to conventional conditions, or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The various starting materials used in the examples which follow, unless otherwise indicated, are conventional commercial products having specifications which are conventional in the art. In the description of the present invention and the following examples, "%" represents weight percent, "parts" represents parts by weight, and proportions represent weight ratios, unless otherwise specified.
The invention provides a multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material, which consists of magnesium alloy, millimeter-sized chopped carbon fibers and micron-sized graphite particles;
as an alternative, wherein the length of the carbon fiber is less than 5mm, the mass fraction is 10-40%, and the length of the carbon fiber is greater than the diameter of the graphite particle; the granularity of the graphite particles is 800-2000 meshes, and the content of the graphite particles is 10-30% by mass.
As an alternative, the magnesium alloy is an instant magnesium alloy containing elements with relatively high electric potentials, such as Fe, ni and Cu.
Alternatively, the carbon fibers are twice as long as the diameter of the graphite particles.
The invention provides a preparation method of a multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material for an oil and gas exploitation tool, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: melting the matrix material to 10-50 ℃ above the liquidus under the protection of inert gas, and preserving heat for 10-30 minutes;
step two: placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize dispersion of the fibers and the particles;
step three: heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of inert gas to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 10-30 minutes;
step four: adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components;
step five: and (3) putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
The corrosion and dissolution mechanism of the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material is shown in figure 1, and the action principle is as follows: the easily-corroded magnesium alloy in the raw materials has low electrode potential and active chemical property, so that the composite material is quickly dissolved under the action of corrosive liquid;
the doping phase selects micron-sized graphite particles and millimeter-sized chopped carbon fibers, the graphite particles and the carbon fibers are conductive materials, and a primary battery which takes the graphite particles and the carbon fibers as a positive electrode and takes the magnesium alloy as a negative electrode can be formed between the doping phase and the magnesium alloy, so that the magnesium alloy can lose electrons and be oxidized to generate electrochemical corrosion; can lead into the composite material inside fast corroding, inside also produces the corruption when realizing the material surface corrosion, can accelerate material corrosion greatly.
As shown in FIG. 1, the graphs (A-C) in FIG. 1 show the corrosion rate of a single magnesium alloy, and the graphs (D-F) in FIG. 1 show the corrosion rate of the composite material of the present invention, which is used as a temporary plugging tool to facilitate removal and achieve rapid dissolution, reduce the engineering risk, and improve the engineering efficiency.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. the graphite particles and the carbon fibers are conductive materials, and a galvanic cell which takes the graphite particles and the carbon fibers as positive electrodes and takes the magnesium alloy as a negative electrode can be formed between the conductive materials and the magnesium alloy, so that the magnesium alloy can be promoted to lose electrons and be oxidized to generate electrochemical corrosion. Therefore, the dissolution rate is increased relative to a magnesium alloy without a dopant phase.
2. After electrochemical corrosion occurs on the surfaces of the carbon fibers or graphite particles, the micron-sized graphite particles can be separated from the magnesium alloy firstly and fall off, and pits are formed on the surfaces of the composite materials. Compared with a plane without pits, the curved surface with the pits has a large contact area with the corrosive liquid, and the corrosion speed is higher, so that the dissolution of the material is further accelerated.
3. Because the carbon fiber and the graphite particles are conductive materials, corrosion can be quickly introduced into the composite material, so that the corrosion of the surface of the material is realized, the corrosion of the interior is generated, and the dissolution speed of the material can be greatly accelerated.
4. The graphite particles and the carbon fibers are high-strength and high-hardness materials, and the hardness and the strength of the magnesium alloy can be greatly improved after the magnesium alloy is added, so that the composite material can be rapidly dissolved and has the advantage of high mechanical property.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Fe-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 3mm, the mass fraction is 20%, the granularity of graphite particles is 1000 meshes, and the content of the graphite particles is 10% by mass. Melting the Fe-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Fe-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 2mm, the mass fraction is 25%, the granularity of the graphite particles is 1500 meshes, and the content is 15% by mass. Melting the Fe-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize the dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Cu-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 3mm, the mass fraction of the carbon fiber is 20%, the granularity of graphite particles is 1000 meshes, and the content of the graphite particles is 10% by mass fraction. Melting the Fe-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and (3) putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Cu-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 2mm, the mass fraction is 25%, the granularity of the graphite particles is 1500 meshes, and the content is 15% by mass. Melting the Cu-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize the dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and (3) putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Cu-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 2mm, the mass fraction of the carbon fiber is 10%, the granularity of graphite particles is 800 meshes, and the content of the graphite particles is 30% of the mass fraction. Melting the Cu-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 10 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize the dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 10 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 6
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Ni-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 2mm, the mass fraction is 25%, the granularity of graphite particles is 2000 meshes, and the content is 20% by mass. Melting the Ni-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 30 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 7
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Ni-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 4mm, the mass fraction is 40%, the granularity of graphite particles is 800 meshes, and the content is 15% by mass. Melting the Ni-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize the dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
Example 8
In the embodiment, the matrix metal is Cu-containing magnesium alloy, the length of the carbon fiber is 1mm, the mass fraction is 40%, the granularity of graphite particles is 2000 meshes, and the content of the graphite particles is 30% by mass fraction. Melting the Cu-containing magnesium alloy under the protection of Ar gas, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes; placing the chopped carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to realize the dispersion of the fibers and the particles; heating the mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles to the melting temperature of the matrix under the protection of argon to realize the degumming and preheating of the carbon fibers, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; adding the preheated solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to realize uniform dispersion of the components; and putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a grinding tool, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the composite material from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material and the preparation method thereof can be used for preparing temporary plugging tools in the oil and gas exploitation process, such as a soluble fracturing ball, a fracturing ball seat and a soluble fracturing bridge plug. Compared with the traditional soluble magnesium alloy, the multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material prepared by the method has high dissolving speed and good mechanical property, simultaneously the dissolving speed of the material can be changed by adjusting the contents of graphite particles and carbon fibers in the composite material, and when the material is required to be dissolved fast, the contents of the graphite particles and the carbon fibers can be properly increased so as to improve the dissolving speed.
The above contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of graphite particles, 10-40% of carbon fibers and the balance of magnesium alloy, wherein the total mass of the raw materials is 100%.
2. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fibers are millimeter-sized chopped carbon fibers having a length of less than 5 mm.
3. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of said graphite particles is 800-2000 mesh.
4. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy is a fast-dissolving magnesium alloy containing Fe, ni or Cu elements.
5. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the length of the carbon fiber is greater than the diameter of the graphite particles.
6. The multi-scale high-strength fast-dissolving magnesium-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the length of the carbon fiber is twice the diameter of the graphite particles.
7. The preparation method of the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: melting the magnesium alloy to 10-50 ℃ above the liquidus in a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat;
s2: placing the carbon fibers and the graphite particles into a stirrer for mechanical stirring to form a mixture of the fibers and the graphite particles, and then performing high-temperature degumming treatment and preheating treatment to form a solid mixture;
adding the solid mixture into the melted magnesium alloy, and performing mechanical stirring and vacuum defoaming to form a uniformly dispersed mixture;
s3: and (3) putting the uniformly dispersed mixture into a mould, pressurizing and curing, and taking out the mixture from the mould after the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of performing the high temperature degumming treatment and the preheating treatment in S2 comprises the following steps:
the mixture of fibers and graphite particles is heated to the magnesium alloy melting temperature under a protective atmosphere and held at temperature to form a solid mixture.
9. The method for preparing the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the time for the heat preservation is 10-30 minutes; the protective atmosphere is argon.
10. The application of the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-scale high-strength instant magnesium-based composite material is used as a preparation material of a temporary plugging tool in an oil and gas exploitation process.
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