CN115353863A - Novel mixed working medium suitable for high-temperature heat pump - Google Patents
Novel mixed working medium suitable for high-temperature heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN115353863A CN115353863A CN202211085018.7A CN202211085018A CN115353863A CN 115353863 A CN115353863 A CN 115353863A CN 202211085018 A CN202211085018 A CN 202211085018A CN 115353863 A CN115353863 A CN 115353863A
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- FFTOUVYEKNGDCM-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)F FFTOUVYEKNGDCM-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013028 medium composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 metallurgy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/40—Replacement mixtures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a novel mixed working medium suitable for a high-temperature heat pump, which is suitable for a high-temperature heat pump system or an organic Rankine cycle system and belongs to the technical field of refrigeration heat pumps, wherein the working medium comprises a binary mixture or a quaternary mixture, and the binary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% to 76% R1233zd (E) and 24% to 99% R1234ze (Z); the quaternary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% -55% of R1233zd (E), 41% -97% of R1234ze (Z), 1% -17% of R245ca and 1% -5% of R600a. By comprehensively comparing the thermodynamic performance, the environmental performance and other factors of the alternative working medium and the R245fa, the invention provides a novel high-temperature heat pump mixed working medium which can be used as a substitute of a high-temperature heat pump or an organic Rankine cycle adaptive working medium R245fa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration heat pumps, and particularly relates to a novel mixed working medium suitable for the fields of high-temperature heat pumps, organic Rankine cycle systems and the like.
Background
A large amount of low-grade waste heat can be generated in the industrial production processes of coal, petrochemical industry, agriculture and forestry drying, textile, metallurgy, rubber, food and the like, and if the waste heat is directly discharged into the natural environment, the waste of energy is caused and the environment is influenced. The heat pump is an important energy-saving and emission-reducing technology as a device for improving low-grade heat energy into high-grade heat energy by using a small amount of high-grade energy. At present, the normal-temperature heat pump technology with the water outlet temperature of about 55 ℃ is very mature, but the high-temperature heat pump technology which can generate hot water or steam with the temperature of more than 80 ℃ by utilizing the industrial waste heat still needs to be broken through. The working medium is used as a key medium for realizing energy conversion in the high-temperature heat pump, is one of the research focuses in the field at present, and is a high-temperature heat pump working medium with outstanding environmental protection performance and excellent comprehensive performance is found to replace the R114 and R245fa working mediums widely applied at present. Particularly, the global warming situation is becoming more severe at present, and montreal protocol-based galileo amendment signed by a plurality of countries in the world 170 has formally come into effect in 1 month and 1 day of 2019, which clearly gives a time table for eliminating HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) in each country. China will start to operate from 2024 and promise to rapidly reduce HFCs production. To cope with global warming, countries around the world are required to significantly reduce the production and consumption of HFCs with strong greenhouse effect. In addition, china also puts forward a double-carbon target in the last year, and aims to realize carbon neutralization as early as possible, so that the search for a novel working medium with outstanding environmental protection performance and excellent comprehensive performance is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel mixed working medium capable of replacing R245fa, which is suitable for a high-temperature heat pump system or an organic Rankine cycle system, meets various basic thermophysical properties and cycle performance, and has better environmental protection performance.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a new mixed working medium suitable for high-temperature heat pump, including binary mixed working medium or quaternary mixed working medium, binary mixed working medium RTYUT1, by R1233zd (E) (trans-1-chlorine-3, 3-trifluoropropene) and R1234ze (Z) (cis-1, 3-tetrafluoropropene) make up; quaternary mixed working medium RTYUT2 consists of R1233zd (E) (trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene), R1234ze (Z) (cis-1, 3-tetrafluoropropene), R245ca (1, 2, 3-pentafluoropropane) and R600a (isobutane).
The binary mixed working medium RTYUT1 capable of replacing R245fa is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by mass by using a conventional physical mixing method, wherein the specific percentage by mass is as follows: 1 to 76 percent of R1233zd (E) and 24 to 99 percent of R1234ze (Z);
preferably, the working medium composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-60% of R1233zd (E) and 40-99% of R1234ze (Z);
further preferably, the working medium composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r1233zd (E) is about 26% to 60%, and R1234ze (Z) is about 40% to 74%.
In addition, a quaternary mixed working medium RTYUT2 for replacing R245fa is preferably provided, and is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by mass by using a conventional physical mixing method, wherein the specific percentage by mass is as follows: 1-55% of R1233zd (E), 41-97% of R1234ze (Z), 1-17% of R245ca and 1-5% of R600 a;
further preferably, the working substance composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-55% of R1233zd (E), 41-97% of R1234ze (Z), 1-17% of R245ca and 1-2% of R600a.
The basic physical properties of the four components are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic parameters (T) of the components contained in the novel mixtures replacing R245fa and its existing substitutes b : normal boiling point, T c : critical temperature, P c : critical pressure)
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the Global Warming Potential (GWP) is obviously lower than that of R245fa, and the new working medium has outstanding environmental protection advantages;
2. compared with R245fa, the performance coefficient and the unit volume refrigerating capacity of the optimal proportion scheme of the new working medium are improved to different degrees, the performance advantage is obvious, and the advantages of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved;
3. the method can be applied to a refrigerating system of R245fa and substitutes thereof, and does not need to replace too many parts or only change partial parts;
4. the new working medium contains a large proportion of non-flammable refrigerants, which can be estimated to have non-flammability, and can be estimated to be obviously reduced compared with the filling quantity of R245fa, thereby further reducing the insecurity of working medium leakage.
The acquisition of the patent can provide an effective scheme for replacing high-temperature heat pump working media such as R245fa with high GWP as soon as possible, and has very important significance for the rapid development of high-temperature heat pumps in the field of efficient utilization of industrial waste heat in China, the accelerated elimination of high-temperature greenhouse effect working media and the proposal of new environment-friendly high-temperature heat pump working media with independent intellectual property rights in China.
By comprehensively comparing the thermodynamic performance, the environmental performance and other factors of the alternative working medium and the R245fa, the invention provides two novel high-temperature heat pump mixed working media which can be used as substitutes of the high-temperature heat pump or the organic Rankine cycle adaptive working medium R245fa.
Detailed Description
A novel mixed working medium suitable for a high-temperature heat pump is characterized in that: the material comprises a binary mixture or a quaternary mixture, wherein the binary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% to 76% R1233zd (E) and 24% to 99% R1234ze (Z); the quaternary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% -55% of R1233zd (E), 41% -97% of R1234ze (Z), 1% -17% of R245ca and 1% -5% of R600a.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to some specific examples:
example 1: taking 76% of R1233zd (E) and 24% of R1234ze (Z), and physically mixing the two components at normal temperature to obtain the working medium.
Example 2: taking 72% of R1233zd (E) and 28% of R1234ze (Z), and physically mixing the two components at normal temperature to obtain the working medium.
Example 3: 68% of R1233zd (E) and 32% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to give a refrigerant.
Example 4: 64% of R1233zd (E) and 36% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to obtain a refrigerant.
Example 5: 60% of R1233zd (E) and 40% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to give a refrigerant.
Example 6: 55% of R1233zd (E) and 45% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to give a refrigerant.
Example 7: 50% of R1233zd (E) and 50% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to give a refrigerant.
Example 8: 40% of R1233zd (E) and 60% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to be used as refrigerant.
Example 9: the refrigerant was prepared by physically mixing 35% of R1233zd (E) and 65% of R1234ze (Z) at room temperature.
Example 10: 26% of R1233zd (E) and 74% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to give a refrigerant.
Example 11: 20% of R1233zd (E) and 80% of R1234ze (Z) were physically mixed at room temperature to give a refrigerant.
Example 12: 14% of R1233zd (E) and 86% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to be used as a refrigerant.
Example 13: 8% of R1233zd (E) and 92% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to be used as refrigerant.
Example 14: 1% of R1233zd (E) and 99% of R1234ze (Z) were taken and physically mixed at room temperature to be used as refrigerant.
Example 15: these four components were physically mixed at room temperature to prepare a refrigerant, wherein R1233zd (E) was 1%, R1234ze (Z) was 97%, R245ca was 1%, and R600a was 1%.
Example 16: taking 6% of R1233zd (E), 92% of R1234ze (Z), 1% of R245ca and 1% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to serve as a working medium.
Example 17: taking 7% of R1233zd (E), 91% of R1234ze (Z), 1% of R245ca and 1% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to obtain the working medium.
Example 18: taking 21% of R1233zd (E), 61% of R1234ze (Z), 17% of R245ca and 1% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to obtain the working medium.
Example 19: taking 52% of R1233zd (E), 41% of R1234ze (Z), 6% of R245ca and 1% of R600a as working media, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to obtain the working media.
Example 20: taking 55% of R1233zd (E), 42% of R1234ze (Z), 2% of R245ca and 1% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to obtain the working medium.
Example 21: taking 8% of R1233zd (E), 86% of R1234ze (Z), 1% of R245ca and 5% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to serve as a working medium.
Example 22: taking 44% of R1233zd (E), 50% of R1234ze (Z), 1% of R245ca and 5% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to serve as a working medium.
Example 23: taking 9% of R1233zd (E), 84% of R1234ze (Z), 3% of R245ca and 4% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to serve as a working medium.
Example 24: taking 30% of R1233zd (E), 57% of R1234ze (Z), 10% of R245ca and 3% of R600a, and physically mixing the four components at normal temperature to serve as a working medium.
The parameters and cycle performance indicators for the 24 examples described above are as follows.
TABLE 2 molar masses of examples 1 to 24 and their comparison with environmental protection parameters for R245fa
TABLE 3 comparison of the molar masses of examples 15 to 24 with the environmental protection performance parameters of R245fa
Based on the R245fa, the filling amount of the new working medium embodiment can be estimated to be lower than the R245fa according to the molar mass (or relative molecular weight).
The selected design high temperature working conditions are: the evaporation temperature is 50 ℃, the condensation temperature is 100 ℃, the supercooling degree and the superheat degree are both 5 ℃, and the compressor isentropic efficiency is 0.8 during calculation. The method is not limited to the working condition, and can be suitable for the high-temperature working condition with the condensation temperature of 130 ℃.
Theoretical calculation Using the above-described embodiments respectivelyAnd R245fa in high temperature heat pump systems, typical performance parameters compared are: evaporation pressure, condensation pressure, pressure ratio, compressor discharge temperature, temperature glide, relative coefficient of performance COP and relative specific volume refrigeration capacity q v As shown below.
TABLE 4 comparison of the Performance parameters of examples 1 to 14 of the novel working fluids of the present invention with R245fa
TABLE 5 comparison of the Performance parameters of examples 15-24 of the novel working fluids of the present invention with R245fa
The results show that: 1. the GWP values of the embodiments are all lower than that of R245fa, the GWP values of the binary mixed new working medium which can be used for directly replacing R245fa are all 1 corresponding to the embodiments (1-14), and the GWP values of the quaternary mixture which can be used for directly replacing R245fa corresponding to the embodiments (15-24) are all lower than 130, so the binary mixed new working medium has obvious advantages in the aspect of environmental protection performance when being used as a replacing refrigerant of R245 fa; 2. through the comparison of the performance parameters, the following results are found: for the working condition of the high-temperature heat pump, the unit volume refrigerating capacity of the new working medium is obviously improved compared with that of R245fa, and the embodiment also shows that especially the unit volume heating capacity of some preferred proportions can be improved by even 15%, and the coefficient of performance COP of the system is higher than that of R245fa, which shows that the new working medium has the advantages of high efficiency and energy saving; 3. from the results, the saturated evaporation pressure, the condensation pressure and the exhaust temperature of the new working medium are close to those of the R245fa, most of the saturated evaporation pressure, the condensation pressure and the exhaust temperature are near azeotropic mixtures with the proportion of less than 3 ℃, the non-azeotropic mixtures with the rest temperature slippage of less than 5 ℃ also have good effects on the heat exchange of the heat exchanger, and the pressure ratio corresponding to the main preferred scheme of the new working medium is less than R245fa, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the compressor; 4. the two new working media contain R1233zd (E), R1234ze (Z) and R245ca which are all nonflammable or nonflammable working media, and the occupation ratio is very large, so that the new alternative working media can be estimated to be mainly nonflammable working media or low-flammability working media, the filling amount of the new working media can be lower than that of the replaced working media, and the safety of the system can be further improved. Therefore, the feasibility that the new working medium can be used as a substitute of the high-temperature heat pump working medium R245fa is shown from the above multiple angles.
According to the introduction of the invention, under the above design working condition, and the working medium is in the optimal proportion range calculated by the above theory, compared with R245fa, the system performance coefficient COP or the unit volume refrigerating capacity is improved to a certain extent, and the other performances are close to the R245fa performance, and the high-temperature heat pump system has higher safety. The outstanding advantage is that the GWP value of the new working medium is obviously reduced. In conclusion, the invention has very good application effect and development potential.
Claims (4)
1. A novel mixed working medium suitable for a high-temperature heat pump is characterized in that: the material comprises a binary mixture or a quaternary mixture, wherein the binary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% -76% R1233zd (E) and 24% -99% R1234ze (Z); the quaternary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% -55% of R1233zd (E), 41% -97% of R1234ze (Z), 1% -17% of R245ca and 1% -5% of R600a.
2. The novel mixed working medium suitable for the high-temperature heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the binary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% -60% of R1233zd (E) and 40% -99% of R1234ze (Z).
3. The novel mixed working medium suitable for the high-temperature heat pump as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the binary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 26% -60% of R1233zd (E) and 40% -74% of R1234ze (Z).
4. The novel mixed working medium suitable for the high-temperature heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quaternary mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% -55% of R1233zd (E), 41% -97% of R1234ze (Z), 1% -17% of R245ca and 1% -2% of R600a.
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| WO2024211642A1 (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2024-10-10 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Refrigerant compositions comprising z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, methods of making same, and uses thereof |
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| CN112020267A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-12-01 | 浙江省化工研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly heat pipe working medium |
| CN114316904A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江省化工研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly heat transfer composition |
| CN114350321A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-15 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly heat pump working medium and application thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024211642A1 (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2024-10-10 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Refrigerant compositions comprising z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, methods of making same, and uses thereof |
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