CN115353283A - Optical fiber image transmission element and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber image transmission element and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010022355 Fibroins Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/70—Cleaning, e.g. for reuse
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
- G02B6/06—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images
- G02B6/08—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images with fibre bundle in form of plate
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于光学纤维制造技术领域，特别是涉及一种光学纤维传像元件及其制备方法和应用。The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, and in particular relates to an optical fiber image transmission element, its preparation method and application.
背景技术Background technique
随着微光夜视的逐步发展，从零代、一代、二代、超二代、三代，微光夜视仪的核心指标，如灵敏度、分辨率、信噪比等要求逐渐提高，其中所需的硬质光纤传像元件的综合性能，包含传像的要求也随之提高。而光纤传像元件中的斑点则是制约其性能指标的最重要的因素之一。斑点是光纤倒像器内部的一种缺陷，是超过24um的漫射透过率低于70％的相连光学纤维丝。在存在斑点的位置光纤不会传递图像，因此希望在光纤倒像器内部的斑点缺陷尽可能少、斑点大小尽可能小。With the gradual development of low-light night vision, from the zero-generation, first-generation, second-generation, super-second-generation, and third-generation, the core indicators of low-light night vision devices, such as sensitivity, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio, have gradually increased. The comprehensive performance of the required hard fiber optic image transmission components, including the requirements for image transmission, has also increased. The speckle in the optical fiber image transmission component is one of the most important factors restricting its performance index. Speckle is a defect inside the fiber optic inverter, which is a connected optical fiber filament with a diffuse transmittance of less than 70% over 24um. Optical fibers do not transmit images where speckles exist, so it is desirable to have as few speckle defects as possible and as small a spot size as possible inside the fiber optic inverter.
现有技术中一般的生产流程包括皮管和芯棒组合后拉制得光纤单丝、将光纤单丝排列为一次复丝棒后拉制得一次复丝、将一次复丝排列为二次复丝棒后拉制得二次复丝以及将二次复丝排列后热压融合的步骤。在皮管和芯棒组合后拉制得光纤单丝之前，先使用纯净水超声清洗棒管；在棒管拉制得到光纤单丝后，再用纯净水擦拭光纤单丝，再将其晾干后排列为一次复合棒；在拉制和排棒过程中，光纤单丝和一次复丝均紧密摆放于不锈钢托盘上进行周转；在排棒之前的挑丝是将丝一层一层排列，肉眼在日光下或灯光下挑选。The general production process in the prior art includes drawing the optical fiber monofilament after combining the leather tube and the mandrel, arranging the optical fiber monofilament into a primary multifilament rod and then drawing the primary multifilament, arranging the primary multifilament into a secondary multifilament The steps of drawing secondary multifilaments after wire rods and arranging the secondary multifilaments and then hot-pressing and fusing them. Before drawing the optical fiber monofilament after the combination of the leather tube and the mandrel, use pure water to clean the rod tube ultrasonically; after drawing the optical fiber monofilament from the rod tube, wipe the optical fiber monofilament with pure water, and then dry it The final arrangement is a composite rod; in the process of drawing and arranging rods, optical fiber monofilaments and primary multifilaments are closely placed on a stainless steel tray for turnover; before the rods are picked, the wires are arranged layer by layer. Pick with the naked eye in daylight or light.
尽管现有技术的生产过程中进行了多道清洗和挑丝等精细作业，但是由现有技术的方法制备的光纤传像元件中依然存在较多斑点，例如，在直径为42mm的光纤传像元件中的有效面积内的斑点数量达到20个左右；且每个斑点的尺寸也比较大，其单个斑点的尺寸达到90μm甚至以上。Although fine operations such as multi-channel cleaning and wire picking have been carried out in the production process of the prior art, there are still many spots in the optical fiber image transmission element prepared by the method of the prior art. The number of spots in the effective area of the element reaches about 20; and the size of each spot is relatively large, and the size of a single spot reaches 90 μm or more.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于，提供一种光学纤维传像元件及其制备方法和应用，所要解决的技术问题是如何有效控制光学纤维传像元件内的斑点数量和斑点大小，使厚度为1～50mm的所述光学纤维传像元件中，每1000mm2的有效面积内斑点数量＜10个，每个斑点的直径＜60μm，从而更加适于实用。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber image transmission element and its preparation method and application. The technical problem to be solved is how to effectively control the number and size of spots in the optical fiber image transmission element so that the thickness is 1-50mm In the optical fiber imaging element, the number of spots per 1000 mm 2 effective area is less than 10, and the diameter of each spot is less than 60 μm, which is more suitable for practical use.
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的。依据本发明提出的一种光学纤维传像元件的制备方法，其包括皮管和芯棒组合后拉制得光纤单丝、将光纤单丝排列为一次复丝棒后拉制得一次复丝、将一次复丝排列为二次复丝棒后拉制得二次复丝以及将二次复丝排列后热压融合的步骤，其还包括以下步骤：The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. According to the preparation method of an optical fiber image transmission element proposed by the present invention, it includes drawing an optical fiber monofilament after combining a leather tube and a mandrel, arranging the optical fiber monofilament into a primary multifilament rod and then drawing a primary multifilament, The steps of arranging the primary multifilaments into secondary multifilament rods and then drawing the secondary multifilaments and arranging the secondary multifilaments and then heat-pressing fusion also include the following steps:
1)在所述皮管和芯棒组合之前，对皮管和芯棒进行第一清洗；所述第一清洗为将皮管和芯棒用酒精擦拭、晾干和去除浮尘；1) before the combination of the leather tube and the core rod, the first cleaning is carried out to the leather tube and the core rod; the first cleaning is to wipe the leather tube and the core rod with alcohol, dry and remove floating dust;
2)在所述光纤单丝排列之前，对光纤单丝进行第二清洗，所述第二清洗为将光纤单丝先用酒精擦拭，再用酒精超声清洗；2) Before the optical fiber monofilaments are arranged, the second cleaning is performed on the optical fiber monofilaments. The second cleaning is to wipe the optical fiber monofilaments with alcohol first, and then ultrasonically clean them with alcohol;
3)所述光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝均头尾垫高，每根丝分开摆放；在所述光纤单丝排列之前、所述一次复丝排列之前和所述二次复丝排列之前均设置挑丝步骤；所述挑丝步骤包括：将每根丝的头尾垫高，分开摆放，于暗室中灯照检测挑选；3) The optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments are all head-to-tail high, and each filament is placed separately; before the arrangement of the optical fiber monofilaments, before the arrangement of the primary multifilaments and the secondary Before the multifilaments are arranged, a thread picking step is set; the thread picking step includes: raising the head and tail of each thread, placing them separately, and testing and selecting them in a dark room;
4)将挑选的合格光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝逐根排列至模具中。4) Arrange the selected qualified optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments into the mold one by one.
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题还可采用以下技术措施进一步实现。The purpose of the present invention and its technical problems can also be further realized by adopting the following technical measures.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中步骤1)和步骤2)所述酒精的体积浓度为99.7％-99.9％；所述酒精擦拭为用百级、千级或万级的无尘布蘸取酒精后进行擦拭。Preferably, the aforementioned preparation method, wherein the volume concentration of the alcohol in step 1) and step 2) is 99.7%-99.9%; the alcohol wiping is to use a 100-grade, 1000-grade or 10,000-grade dust-free cloth to dip in the alcohol Wipe afterwards.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中步骤1)所述的去除浮尘包括以下步骤：先用去离子风机吹扫所述皮管和芯棒；再用除尘设备吸取浮灰。Preferably, the aforementioned preparation method, wherein the removal of floating dust in step 1) includes the following steps: first blowing the leather tube and mandrel with a deionization blower; and then sucking the floating dust with dust removal equipment.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中步骤2)所述的超声清洗为在超声频率为28KHz、超声波功率为12KW的条件下进行超声；所述超声的时间≤30s。Preferably, in the above-mentioned preparation method, the ultrasonic cleaning in step 2) is performed under the condition of ultrasonic frequency of 28KHz and ultrasonic power of 12KW; the time of ultrasonic is ≤30s.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中步骤3)所述将每根丝的头尾垫高是将所述丝摆放至支架上；所述支架上设置若干齿状卡槽；所述分开摆放是将每根丝的头部和尾部分别放入所述齿状卡槽中，且每个所述齿状卡槽中仅放一根丝。Preferably, in the aforementioned preparation method, in step 3), the raising of the head and tail of each wire is to place the wire on a support; several tooth-shaped slots are set on the support; The method is to put the head and tail of each wire into the tooth-shaped draw-in groove respectively, and only put one wire in each tooth-shaped draw-in groove.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中所述支架的材质为非金属类材料。Preferably, in the aforementioned preparation method, the material of the stent is non-metallic material.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中步骤3)所述灯照检测挑选是手持灯光照射丝的一侧表面，将丝翻转，再手持灯光照射丝的另一侧表面，将存在漏光点的丝挑出；所述灯光为5～15W的白炽灯。Preferably, in the above-mentioned preparation method, in step 3), the light detection and selection in step 3) is to irradiate one side surface of the wire with a hand-held light, turn the wire over, and then irradiate the other side surface of the wire with a hand-held light, and select the wire with light leakage points Out; the light is an incandescent lamp of 5-15W.
优选的，前述的制备方法，其中步骤4)所述将挑选的合格光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝逐根排列至模具中包括：Preferably, the aforementioned preparation method, wherein in step 4), arranging the selected qualified optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments into the mold one by one includes:
在所述光纤单丝排列、一次复丝排列和二次复丝排列之前，每根丝均分开摆放；Before the single fiber arrangement, primary multifilament arrangement and secondary multifilament arrangement, each fiber is placed separately;
在所述光纤单丝排列、一次复丝排列和二次复丝排列时不发出玻璃碰撞的声音；When the optical fiber monofilaments are arranged, the primary multifilaments are arranged and the secondary multifilaments are arranged, there is no sound of glass collision;
在所述光纤单丝排列、一次复丝排列和二次复丝排列之后，用辅助观察屏或手持放大镜观察，与被排列的丝接触的下方的丝不发生震动。After the optical fiber monofilament arrangement, primary multifilament arrangement and secondary multifilament arrangement, observe with an auxiliary viewing screen or a hand-held magnifying glass, and the lower filaments in contact with the arranged filaments do not vibrate.
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题还采用以下的技术方案来实现。依据本发明提出的一种根据前述的制备方法制备的光学纤维传像元件，所述光学纤维传像元件为光纤倒像器、光纤光锥或光纤面板；厚度为1～50mm的所述光学纤维传像元件，每1000mm2的有效面积内斑点数量＜10个，每个斑点的直径＜60μm。The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems are also achieved by the following technical solutions. According to an optical fiber image transmission component prepared according to the aforementioned preparation method proposed by the present invention, the optical fiber image transmission component is a fiber optic inverter, a fiber optic taper or a fiber optic panel; the optical fiber with a thickness of 1 to 50 mm For image transmission components, the number of spots per 1000mm2 effective area is less than 10, and the diameter of each spot is less than 60μm.
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题还采用以下的技术方案来实现。依据本发明提出的一种微光夜视仪，其包括前述的光学纤维传像元件；所述光学纤维传像元件为光纤倒像器和/或光纤面板；所述光纤倒像器和/或光纤面板设置于所述微光夜视仪的成像通道内。The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems are also achieved by the following technical solutions. According to a low-light night vision device proposed by the present invention, it includes the aforementioned optical fiber image transmission element; the optical fiber image transmission element is a fiber optic image inverter and/or a fiber optic panel; the optical fiber image inverter and/or The optical fiber panel is arranged in the imaging channel of the low-light night vision device.
借由上述技术方案，本发明提出的一种光学纤维传像元件及其制备方法和应用至少具有下列优点：By virtue of the above-mentioned technical solution, the optical fiber image-transmitting element and its preparation method and application proposed by the present invention have at least the following advantages:
本发明提出的光学纤维传像元件及其制备方法和应用，其一方面控制杂质灰尘的引入，首先是在所述皮管和芯棒组合之前对皮管和芯棒进行了第一清洗；所述第一清洗为将皮管和芯棒用酒精擦拭、晾干和去除浮尘；然后是在所述光纤单丝排列之前，对光纤单丝进行第二清洗，所述第二清洗为将光纤单丝先用酒精擦拭，再用酒精超声清洗；本发明通过酒精而非纯净水进行清洗，主要原因是为了避免水分残留而产生气洞和暗点；最后是所述光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝均头尾垫高码放，以避免丝与台面或金属托盘接触而在丝的表面产生静电，导致其粘尘；通过上述技术手段的应用控制了杂质灰尘的引入；另一方面，其对于丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞进行控制，以避免或减少丝的破损，其一是将光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝的每根丝均分开摆放，尽可能减少丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞；其二是将挑选出来的合格光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝逐根排列至模具中，排列中每根丝均是逐根排列，避免丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞，且排列是要求轻拿轻放，尽量减少由于丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞而产生破损；通过上述技术手段的应用避免和减少了丝的破损；最后，本发明在光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝的环节均设置了在暗室中挑丝的步骤，通过操作人员手持灯光加强丝表面的照射，目测丝是否存在漏光点；然后将丝180°翻转之后，再手持灯光加强丝表面的照射，目测丝是否存在漏光点。本发明的技术方案，通过上述技术手段的综合应用，对光学纤维传像元件的制备过程进行精密的工艺控制，得到了斑点缺陷改善的光学纤维传像元件，极大地提高了光纤传像元件的品质。本发明制备的光学纤维传像元件的斑点数量少，在厚度为1～50mm的所述光学纤维传像元件中，每1000mm2的有效面积内斑点数量＜10个；且，斑点的尺寸小，每个斑点的直径＜60μm。The optical fiber image transmission element and its preparation method and application proposed by the present invention, on the one hand, control the introduction of impurities and dust, first of all, the first cleaning of the leather tube and the core rod is carried out before the combination of the leather tube and the core rod; The first cleaning is to wipe the leather tube and the core rod with alcohol, dry them and remove the floating dust; Wipe the silk with alcohol first, and then use alcohol ultrasonic cleaning; the present invention uses alcohol instead of pure water to clean, the main reason is to avoid air holes and dark spots caused by water residue; finally, the optical fiber monofilament, primary multifilament and The secondary multifilaments are stacked with head and tail high to avoid static electricity generated on the surface of the filaments due to contact with the table or metal tray, resulting in dust sticking; the introduction of impurities and dust is controlled through the application of the above technical means; on the other hand, It controls the friction and collision between the filaments to avoid or reduce the damage of the filaments. One is to place each filament of the optical fiber monofilament, primary multifilament and secondary multifilament separately to reduce as much as possible The friction and collision between filaments; the second is to arrange the selected qualified optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments into the mold one by one, and each filament in the arrangement is arranged one by one to avoid filaments The friction and collision between wires and wires, and the arrangement is required to be handled with care, so as to minimize the damage caused by the friction and collision between wires and wires; the application of the above technical means avoids and reduces the damage of wires; finally, In the present invention, the step of picking the fiber in the dark room is set in the link of the single fiber, the primary multifilament and the secondary multifilament, and the operator holds the light to strengthen the irradiation on the surface of the fiber, and visually checks whether there is a light leakage point in the fiber; and then the fiber 180 °After turning over, hold the light to strengthen the irradiation on the surface of the wire, and visually check whether there is any light leakage point on the wire. According to the technical solution of the present invention, through the comprehensive application of the above technical means, the preparation process of the optical fiber image transmission element is precisely controlled, and the optical fiber image transmission element with improved spot defects is obtained, which greatly improves the performance of the optical fiber image transmission element. quality. The number of spots of the optical fiber image transmission element prepared by the present invention is small, and in the optical fiber image transmission element with a thickness of 1 to 50 mm, the number of spots is less than 10 per effective area of 1000 mm 2 ; and the size of the spots is small, The diameter of each spot is <60 μm.
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例详细说明如后。The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement them according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的一种光学纤维传像元件及其制备方法和应用其具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如后。In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, below in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, a kind of optical fiber image transmission element proposed according to the present invention and its preparation method and application of its specific implementation, Structure, characteristic and effect thereof are as follows in detail.
本发明提出一种光学纤维传像元件的制备方法，其包括皮管和芯棒组合后拉制得光纤单丝、将光纤单丝排列为一次复丝棒后拉制得一次复丝、将一次复丝排列为二次复丝棒后拉制得二次复丝以及将二次复丝排列后热压融合的步骤，上述步骤与现有技术中的步骤并无不同，本专利中不作重点说明。The invention proposes a method for preparing an optical fiber image-transmitting element, which includes combining a leather tube and a mandrel and then drawing an optical fiber monofilament; arranging the optical fiber monofilament into a primary multifilament rod and then drawing a primary multifilament; The steps of arranging the multifilaments into secondary multifilament rods and then drawing the secondary multifilaments and arranging the secondary multifilaments and then hot-pressing and fusing them are the same as those in the prior art, and will not be emphasized in this patent .
本发明提出的光学纤维传像元件的制备方法，其主要包括以下步骤：The preparation method of the optical fiber image transmission element proposed by the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:
首先是在所述皮管和芯棒组合之前，对皮管和芯棒进行第一清洗；所述第一清洗为将皮管和芯棒用酒精擦拭、晾干和去除浮尘；在该清洗步骤中，所使用的酒精的体积浓度为99.7％-99.9％；所述酒精擦拭为用百级、千级或万级的无尘布蘸取酒精后进行擦拭；由于酒精本身的易挥发性，所述晾干为自然晾干；所述去除浮尘包括：先用去离子风机吹扫所述皮管和芯棒；再用除尘设备吸取浮灰；所述去离子风机吹扫皮管和芯棒的技术目的是为了消除或减少皮管和芯棒表面的静电，使得粘附在皮管和芯棒表面的灰尘有所松动，然后采用净化除尘设备进行浮灰的吸附，从而极大可能地实现皮管、芯棒的清洁，减少杂质灰尘引入光学纤维丝中的风险和几率。First, before the combination of the leather tube and the core rod, the first cleaning is carried out to the leather tube and the core rod; the first cleaning is to wipe the leather tube and the core rod with alcohol, dry and remove floating dust; in this cleaning step Among them, the volume concentration of the alcohol used is 99.7%-99.9%; the alcohol wipe is wiped with a 100-grade, 1000-grade or 10,000-grade dust-free cloth after dipping in alcohol; due to the volatility of the alcohol itself, the Said drying is natural drying; said removal of floating dust includes: first blowing said leather pipe and mandrel with deionization blower; The technical purpose is to eliminate or reduce the static electricity on the surface of the leather tube and mandrel, so as to loosen the dust adhering to the surface of the leather tube and mandrel, and then use purification and dust removal equipment to absorb the floating ash, so as to realize the maximum possible The cleaning of tubes and mandrels reduces the risk and probability of introducing impurities and dust into optical fiber filaments.
其次是在所述光纤单丝排列之前，对光纤单丝进行第二清洗，所述第二清洗为将光纤单丝先用酒精擦拭，再用酒精超声清洗；在该清洗步骤中，所使用的酒精的体积浓度为99.7％-99.9％；所述酒精擦拭为用百级、千级或万级的无尘布蘸取酒精后进行擦拭；所述酒精超声清洗是在在超声频率为28KHz、超声波功率为12KW的条件下进行超声；所述超声时间≤30s；所述超声清洗的目的在于将玻璃棒和玻璃管上的杂质通过超声震下去，用真空核泡群撞击玻璃，彻底清洗玻璃丝的表面；所述超声的时间不宜过长，以避免超声震动的撞击可能会导致光纤单丝的破损而对于斑点缺陷产生不利影响。Secondly, before the optical fiber monofilaments are arranged, the optical fiber monofilaments are cleaned for the second time. The second cleaning is to wipe the optical fiber monofilaments with alcohol first, and then ultrasonically clean them with alcohol; in this cleaning step, the used The volume concentration of alcohol is 99.7%-99.9%; the alcohol wipe is wiped with a 100-grade, 1000-grade or 10,000-grade dust-free cloth dipped in alcohol; the alcohol ultrasonic cleaning is performed at an ultrasonic frequency of 28KHz, ultrasonic Ultrasound is carried out under the condition of power of 12KW; the ultrasonic time is less than or equal to 30s; the purpose of the ultrasonic cleaning is to shake off the impurities on the glass rod and glass tube through ultrasonic waves, hit the glass with vacuum nuclei bubbles, and thoroughly clean the surface of the glass filament ; The ultrasonic time should not be too long, to avoid the impact of ultrasonic vibration may cause damage to the fiber monofilament and have an adverse effect on the spot defect.
优选的，为了更进一步避免和减少杂质灰尘的引入，也可以在一次复丝和二次复丝的环节也设置酒精超声清洗的步骤；但是由于一次复丝和二次复丝更细，其超声的时间不大于20s，以避免丝的断裂和破损。Preferably, in order to further avoid and reduce the introduction of impurities and dust, it is also possible to set the steps of alcohol ultrasonic cleaning in the links of the primary multifilament and the secondary multifilament; The time is not more than 20s to avoid wire breakage and damage.
复次是在所述光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝储存、流转的过程中将丝的头部和尾部均垫高，以避免丝的表面因为接触台面或不锈钢托盘等原因而产生静电导致粘附灰尘而先光纤传像元件中引入杂质而对于斑点缺陷产生不利影响。在所述光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝储存、流转的过程中每根丝还要求分开摆放，以避免丝与丝之间的接触和摩擦而导致丝的破损而对于斑点缺陷产生不利影响。所述光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝头尾垫高、分开摆放是将所述丝摆放至支架上；所述支架上设置若干所述齿状卡槽；所述分开摆放是将每根丝的头部和尾部分别放入所述齿状卡槽中，且每个所述齿状卡槽中仅放一根丝。所述支架可以同时实现丝的头尾垫高和分开摆放，既能够减少丝表面因静电而粘附灰尘，又能够避免丝的摩擦碰撞而破损；进一步的，为了效果更好地避免和减少静电，本发明技术方案中述支架的材质为非金属类材料，可以是塑料、橡胶，例如聚四氟乙烯支架。The second step is to raise the head and tail of the fiber during the storage and circulation of the optical fiber monofilament, primary multifilament and secondary multifilament, so as to prevent the surface of the fiber from contacting the countertop or stainless steel tray. Static electricity causes adhesion of dust and introduces impurities into optical fiber image transmission components, which has an adverse effect on spot defects. In the process of storage and circulation of the optical fiber monofilament, primary multifilament and secondary multifilament, each filament is also required to be placed separately to avoid contact and friction between filaments and cause damage to the filaments. For spot defects produce adverse effects. The optical fiber monofilament, the primary multifilament and the secondary multifilament are raised at the head and tail, and placed separately means that the filaments are placed on the support; the support is provided with a number of tooth-shaped slots; the separate pendulum Putting is to put the head and tail of each wire into the tooth-shaped draw-in groove respectively, and only put one wire in each tooth-shaped draw-in groove. The bracket can realize the heightening of the head and the tail of the silk and separate placement at the same time, which can not only reduce the adhesion of dust on the surface of the silk due to static electricity, but also avoid the damage of the friction and collision of the silk; further, in order to better avoid and reduce the Static electricity, the material of the support in the technical solution of the present invention is a non-metallic material, which can be plastic, rubber, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene support.
在所述光纤单丝排列之前、所述一次复丝排列之前和所述二次复丝排列之前均设置挑丝步骤；所述挑丝步骤包括：将每根丝的头尾垫高，分开摆放，于暗室中灯照检测挑选；所述灯照检测挑选是在暗室中，操作人员手持灯光加强照射丝的一侧表面，以检查丝的表面是否存在漏光点；若存在漏光点，则将该根丝作为废丝废掉；然后，手工将丝翻转180°，再手持灯光加强照射丝的另一侧表面，以检查丝的表面是否存在漏光点，将存在漏光点的丝挑出废掉。优选所述灯光为5～15W的白炽灯；若是灯光功率过高，例如，灯光20W或以上，则在挑丝中会由于灯光刺眼而不利于避光点的查找；而灯光功率过低，例如3W，则会由于照度不够而不容易识别漏光点，也容易造成漏光点的遗漏。A wire picking step is arranged before the arrangement of the optical fiber monofilaments, before the arrangement of the primary multifilaments and before the arrangement of the secondary multifilaments; Put it in a dark room for light detection and selection; the light detection and selection is in a dark room, and the operator holds a light to strengthen the irradiation on one side of the wire surface to check whether there is a light leak on the surface of the wire; if there is a light leak, put the The thread is discarded as a waste thread; then, the thread is turned 180° by hand, and then the other side of the thread is irradiated with a hand-held light to check whether there is a light leakage point on the surface of the thread, and the thread with a light leakage point is picked out and discarded . Preferably, the light is an incandescent lamp of 5-15W; if the power of the light is too high, for example, 20W or more, it will be difficult to find the dark spot because of the glare of the light; and if the power of the light is too low, such as 3W, it is not easy to identify the light leakage point due to insufficient illumination, and it is easy to cause the omission of the light leakage point.
最后是将挑选的合格的光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝逐根排列至模具中；丝的排列过程中要求务必轻拿轻放，避免因为力度掌握不好而造成丝与丝之间的碰撞而发生死的避免破损，对光纤传像元件的斑点缺陷造成不利影响。在所述光纤单丝排列、一次复丝排列和二次复丝排列之前，每根丝均分开摆放，避免丝与丝彼此接触发生摩擦和碰撞；在所述光纤单丝排列、一次复丝排列和二次复丝排列时不发出玻璃碰撞的声音；在所述光纤单丝排列、一次复丝排列和二次复丝排列之后，可以用辅助观察屏或手持放大镜观察，要求每根丝放进模具的时候，对于其下边的丝和其旁边的丝没有任何影响。一旦观察到其下边的丝和其旁边的丝有震动，则需要将此根丝以及受到影响的丝一起换掉，以避免斑点缺陷的产生。Finally, the selected qualified optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments are arranged into the mold one by one; during the arrangement of the filaments, it is required to be handled with care to avoid the gap between the filaments due to poor control of the strength. The collision between them will cause death to avoid damage, which will have an adverse effect on the spot defects of the optical fiber image transmission component. Before the optical fiber monofilament arrangement, primary multifilament arrangement and secondary multifilament arrangement, each filament is placed separately to avoid friction and collision between the filaments; There is no sound of glass collision during arrangement and secondary multifilament arrangement; after the optical fiber monofilament arrangement, primary multifilament arrangement and secondary multifilament arrangement, it can be observed with an auxiliary observation screen or a hand-held magnifying glass. When entering the mold, it has no effect on the wires below it and the wires next to it. Once it is observed that the wire below it and the wire next to it vibrate, it is necessary to replace this wire and the affected wire together to avoid the occurrence of spot defects.
上述本发明的技术方案，其通过细分斑点缺陷出现的原因，并采取多种针对性的技术手段克服上述斑点缺陷出现的原因，从而实现了光学纤维元件内部斑点缺陷的控制。The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention realizes the control of internal speckle defects in optical fiber components by subdividing the causes of speckle defects and adopting various targeted technical means to overcome the causes of speckle defects.
本发明通过大量的研究发现，影响光学纤维丝斑点缺陷的原因主要包括丝内部夹杂的杂质和丝的破损，因此，本发明的技术方案中一方面通过控制杂质灰尘等的引入以及避免丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞导致丝的破损，另一方面通过在暗室内手持灯光360°检测挑选，将前道环节未控制的杂质、破损等导致的漏光点缺陷挑选除去作为废丝，极大地提高了光纤传像元件的品质，使得通过本发明技术方案制备的光学纤维传像元件的斑点数量少，在厚度为1～50mm的所述光学纤维传像元件中，每1000mm2的有效面积内斑点数量＜10个；且，斑点的尺寸小，每个斑点的直径＜60μm。The present invention finds through a large number of researches that the causes of spot defects affecting optical fiber filaments mainly include impurities contained inside the filaments and damage to the filaments. The friction and collision between them lead to the breakage of the silk. On the other hand, through the 360° detection and selection of the hand-held light in the dark room, the light leakage point defects caused by uncontrolled impurities and damage in the previous link are selected and removed as waste silk, which greatly improves the quality of the yarn. The quality of the optical fiber image transmission element is improved, so that the number of spots in the optical fiber image transmission element prepared by the technical scheme of the present invention is small, and in the described optical fiber image transmission element with a thickness of 1 to 50 mm, the number of spots in the effective area of 1000 mm The number is <10; and, the size of the spot is small, and the diameter of each spot is <60 μm.
具体的，本发明技术方案中，对于杂质灰尘等的引入控制，其一是在所述皮管和芯棒组合之前对皮管和芯棒进行了第一清洗；所述第一清洗为将皮管和芯棒用酒精擦拭、晾干和去除浮尘；其二是在所述光纤单丝排列之前，对光纤单丝进行第二清洗，所述第二清洗为将光纤单丝先用酒精擦拭，再用酒精超声清洗；本发明通过酒精而非纯净水进行清洗，主要原因是为了避免水分残留而产生气洞和暗点；其三是所述光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝均头尾垫高码放，以避免丝与台面或金属托盘接触而在丝的表面产生静电，导致其粘尘。本发明技术方案中，对于丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞导致丝的破损的控制，其一是将光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝均每根丝分开摆放，减少彼此之间的摩擦和碰撞；其二是将挑选出来的合格光纤单丝、一次复丝和二次复丝逐根排列至模具中，排列中每根丝均是逐根排列，避免丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞，且排列是要求轻拿轻放，尽量减少由于丝与丝之间的摩擦和碰撞而产生破损。本发明技术方案中，对于挑丝，本发明技术方案在暗室内挑丝，避免环境因素对其造成影响；同时，挑丝时将丝分开摆放至支架上，操作人员手持灯光加强丝表面的照射，目测丝是否存在漏光点；然后将丝180°翻转之后，再手持灯光加强丝表面的照射，目测丝是否存在漏光点。本发明通过上述技术方案对光学纤维传像元件的制备过程进行工艺控制，得到斑点缺陷改善的光学纤维传像元件。Specifically, in the technical solution of the present invention, for the introduction control of impurities, dust, etc., one is to carry out the first cleaning of the leather tube and the mandrel before the combination of the leather tube and the mandrel; Wipe the tube and mandrel with alcohol, dry and remove floating dust; the second is to perform a second cleaning on the optical fiber monofilaments before the optical fiber monofilaments are arranged, and the second cleaning is to wipe the optical fiber monofilaments with alcohol first, Ultrasonic cleaning with alcohol; the present invention cleans by alcohol rather than pure water, the main reason is to avoid air holes and dark spots caused by water residue; the third is that the optical fiber monofilament, primary multifilament and secondary multifilament are all The head and tail pads are stacked high to avoid the contact between the wire and the countertop or metal tray, which will generate static electricity on the surface of the wire and cause it to stick to dust. In the technical solution of the present invention, for the control of the breakage of the filaments caused by the friction and collision between the filaments, one is to place the optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments separately to reduce the distance between each other. The friction and collision between them; the second is to arrange the selected qualified optical fiber monofilaments, primary multifilaments and secondary multifilaments into the mold one by one. Each filament in the arrangement is arranged one by one to avoid the gap between the filaments. friction and collision, and the arrangement is required to be handled with care to minimize damage due to friction and collision between wires. In the technical solution of the present invention, for the thread picking, the technical solution of the present invention picks the thread in a dark room to avoid the influence of environmental factors on it; at the same time, when picking the thread, place the thread separately on the support, and the operator holds the light to strengthen the surface of the thread Irradiate, and visually check whether there are light leakage spots on the silk; then turn the silk 180°, and then hold the light to strengthen the irradiation on the surface of the silk, and visually check whether there are light leakage spots on the silk. The invention controls the preparation process of the optical fiber image transmission element through the above technical scheme, and obtains the optical fiber image transmission element with improved spot defects.
本发明还提出一种根据前述的制备方法制备的光学纤维传像元件，所述光学纤维传像元件为光纤倒像器、光纤光锥或光纤面板。The present invention also proposes an optical fiber image transmission component prepared according to the aforementioned preparation method, wherein the optical fiber image transmission component is a fiber optic image inverter, a fiber optic taper or a fiber optic panel.
所述光学纤维传像元件的斑点缺陷得到了较好的控制，在厚度为1～50mm的所述光学纤维传像元件，每1000mm2的有效面积内斑点数量＜10个，每个斑点的直径＜60μm。The speckle defects of the optical fiber image transmission element are well controlled, and in the optical fiber image transmission element with a thickness of 1 to 50 mm, the number of spots is less than 10 per effective area of 1000 mm 2 , and the diameter of each spot is <60μm.
在本发明的一个具体实施例中，按照本发明上述的工艺方法制备光学纤维传像元件，其厚度为1～50mm，其直径为
在本发明的一个具体实施例中，按照本发明上述的工艺方法制备光学纤维传像元件，其厚度为1～50mm，其直径为
本发明还提出一种微光夜视仪，其包括前述的光纤倒像器和/或光纤面板；所述光纤倒像器和/或光纤面板设置于所述微光夜视仪的成像通道内。The present invention also proposes a low-light night vision device, which includes the aforementioned optical fiber image inverter and/or fiber optic panel; .
本发明权利要求和/或说明书中的技术特征可以进行组合，其组合方式不限于权利要求中通过引用关系得到的组合。通过权利要求和/或说明书中的技术特征进行组合得到的技术方案，也是本发明的保护范围。The technical features in the claims of the present invention and/or the description can be combined, and the combination is not limited to the combination obtained by reference in the claims. The technical solution obtained by combining the technical features in the claims and/or the description is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the present invention. within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
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