CN115353171A - Recovery system and recovery method for positive and negative electrode materials of lithium battery - Google Patents
Recovery system and recovery method for positive and negative electrode materials of lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a recovery system and a recovery method for positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery. The recovery system comprises a sewage extraction unit, a separation unit, a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem; the system comprises a sewage extraction unit, a separation unit, a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem, a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem and a separation unit, wherein the sewage extraction unit is used for extracting sewage containing positive and negative electrode materials to supply the sewage to the separation unit, the separation unit is used for separating the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid to be respectively output, the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem is used for treating the high-concentration slurry and obtaining the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery, and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem is used for treating the low-concentration separation liquid and forming system water circulation; the sewage extraction unit is connected with the separation unit, and the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem are respectively connected with the separation unit. The recovery system of the invention obtains the anode and cathode materials from the sewage in the lithium battery production process, and simultaneously performs primary purification on the sewage, thereby reducing the burden of the subsequent sewage treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a recycling system of a positive and negative electrode material for coating a lithium battery core.
Background
With the increasing environmental awareness and the decreasing petroleum energy, more people favor buying electric vehicles for going out, and the lithium battery is used as the heart of the electric vehicle, so that the demand is more and more.
With the increase of the number of lithium batteries, more anode and cathode materials are needed, and the price of the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery is gradually increased, so that the cost of enterprises is increased. Meanwhile, the emission of the anode and cathode materials of the lithium battery can cause pollution to the environment. Therefore, the recycling of the anode and cathode materials can reduce the pollution to the environment and the production cost of manufacturers. However, no equipment for recycling the anode and cathode materials is available in the market at present.
Chinese patent CN 216879686U (7/5/2022) discloses a device for separating positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery, which belongs to the technical field of recycling of lithium iron phosphate resources, and the device comprises a roller, a vibrator and a screen, and the principle is as follows: the cylinder rotates the mixed powder of its bottom, stirs mixed powder through the stirring subassembly and smashes, under the mating reaction between vibrator and screen cloth, shakes the mixed powder that drops to the screen cloth top from the solenoid valve, when cobalt and other mixed material in the mixed powder drop through the screen cloth, the adsorption of dropping the in-process through the electro-magnet, adsorb the cobalt through the discharge gate to the separation of mixed powder has been realized. In this way, there is no way to recover the aqueous solution of the positive and negative electrode materials of the battery.
In a word, a series of problems of large waste liquid yield, large treatment difficulty, high treatment cost, serious environmental pollution, serious resource waste and the like exist in the existing lithium battery anode and cathode material production technology, and particularly, no good equipment and method for recovering anode and cathode solutions formed in production do not exist in the automobile lithium battery production industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a recovery system and a recovery method for positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery, which can obtain the positive and negative electrode materials from sewage in the production process of the lithium battery, and simultaneously carry out primary purification on the sewage, thereby lightening the burden of subsequent sewage treatment, greatly saving resources and lightening pollution. Meanwhile, the recovery system and the recovery method can obtain the anode and cathode materials without adding any additive, ensure the purity of material recovery and further save material loss.
The invention relates to a recovery system for positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery, which comprises a sewage extraction unit, a separation unit, a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem; the system comprises a sewage extraction unit, a separation unit, a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem, a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem and a separation unit, wherein the sewage extraction unit is used for extracting sewage containing positive and negative electrode materials to supply the sewage to the separation unit, the separation unit is used for separating the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid to be respectively output, the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem is used for treating the high-concentration slurry and obtaining the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery, and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem is used for treating the low-concentration separation liquid and forming system water circulation; the sewage extraction unit is connected with the separation unit, and the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem are respectively connected with the separation unit.
Further, the sewage extraction unit comprises a sewage extraction water pump, a water inlet pipeline I and a water outlet pipeline I; the two ends of the water inlet pipeline I are respectively connected with a water collecting tank and a sewage extraction water pump in a production site, and the two ends of the water outlet pipeline I are respectively connected with the sewage extraction water pump and the separation unit.
Further, the separation unit comprises a disc centrifuge, a water outlet pipeline is connected with a water inlet on the disc centrifuge, low-concentration separation liquid is discharged from a light liquid outlet, and high-concentration slurry is discharged from a slag discharge outlet.
Further, the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem comprises a material receiving unit, wherein the material receiving unit is used for receiving the high-concentration slurry separated from the disc centrifuge; the material receiving unit comprises a material receiving pipe, a material receiving outer box, an inner material receiving disc, an outer material receiving disc and a slide rail; the external material receiving tray is arranged inside the material receiving outer box and connected with the material receiving outer box in a sliding drawer mode, the internal material receiving tray is arranged inside the external material receiving tray, and a material receiving pipe on the upper portion of the material receiving outer box is communicated with a slag discharging outlet of the disc type centrifuge.
Further, the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem also comprises a drying unit, and the drying unit is used for baking the high-concentration slurry to reduce the water content of the high-concentration slurry; the drying unit comprises an oven and an inner material tray, and the inner material tray is placed in the oven.
Further, the low-concentration separation liquid circulating subsystem comprises a storage unit, a circulating/sewage discharging unit and a cleaning unit which are sequentially connected; the storage unit is used for receiving and storing the low-concentration separation liquid separated from the disc centrifuge, and the circulating/sewage discharging unit is used for extracting the low-concentration separation liquid in the storage unit and supplying the low-concentration separation liquid to the cleaning unit and the sewage station so as to realize circulation and discharge of the low-concentration separation liquid; the cleaning unit is used for receiving the low-concentration separation liquid conveyed by the circulating/sewage discharging unit and cleaning parts containing anode and cathode materials.
Further, the storage unit comprises a circulating water tank, the circulating/sewage discharging unit comprises a circulating/sewage discharging water pump, a water inlet pipeline II and two water outlet pipelines II, and the cleaning unit comprises an ultrasonic cleaning water tank, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; two ends of the circulating water tank are respectively communicated with the light liquid outlet and the water inlet pipeline II through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; one end of each of the two water outlet pipelines II is connected with the circulation/sewage discharge pump, and the other end of each of the two water outlet pipelines II is respectively connected with the cleaning unit and the sewage station; the two ends of the water inlet pipe are respectively connected with the water outlet pipeline II and the ultrasonic cleaning water tank, and the two ends of the water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the ultrasonic cleaning water tank and the water collecting tank to form system water circulation.
Furthermore, the cleaning unit also comprises a tap water inlet pipe, tap water is supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning water tank through the tap water inlet pipe for secondary cleaning of parts, and sewage after secondary cleaning can be selectively discharged into the water collecting tank through the water outlet pipe or discharged into the water collecting tank through the water outlet pipe after waiting for next cleaning.
Furthermore, the recovery system also comprises a main frame, an electric control cabinet and a joint component; the main frame is used for supporting the whole system and fixing all units, the electric control cabinet is an electric control system of the whole system, and the joint assembly is used for summarizing the water paths; each unit height is integrated to be located the main frame together and be the setting from top to bottom: the cleaning unit is positioned above one side, the circulating/sewage discharging unit and the sewage extracting unit are positioned below the cleaning unit, the storage unit is positioned at the inner side of the cleaning unit, the drying unit is positioned above the other side, the electric control cabinet is positioned below the drying unit, the centrifugal unit is positioned at the inner side of the drying unit, and the material receiving unit is positioned at the side surface of the centrifugal unit; the main frame has the protection of corrosion resistance, moisture resistance and collision resistance.
The invention relates to a method for recovering positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery, which comprises the following steps: (1) conveying the sewage containing the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery to a separation unit through an extraction unit; (2) the separation unit separates the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid which are respectively output; (3) the high-concentration slurry is received by the receiving unit, after standing for tens of minutes, the upper layer of low-concentration sewage containing cathode material carbon is poured into a specific water collecting tank, and the residual muddy slurry containing cathode material lithium iron phosphate at the bottom layer is recovered by the drying unit; (4) the low-concentration separation liquid is used for cleaning parts containing positive and negative electrode materials through the storage unit, the circulation/pollution discharge unit and the cleaning unit so as to realize the recycling of water, and redundant low-concentration separation liquid is discharged to the water collecting tank.
The system and the method for recovering the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery have the advantages that: 1. the method can obtain the anode and cathode materials from the sewage in the lithium battery production process, and simultaneously primarily purifies the sewage, thereby lightening the burden of the subsequent sewage treatment, greatly saving resources and lightening pollution; 2. the recycling system can obtain the anode and cathode materials without adding any additive, so that the purity of material recycling is ensured, and the material loss is saved; 3. the separation time is shortened by the separation unit, and the recovery efficiency is high; the ultrasonic cleaning box has strong cleaning capability, and the secondary cleaning is arranged, so that the material residue is further avoided, and the recovery rate is improved; 4. the sewage is primarily purified while the anode and cathode materials are recovered, the burden of subsequent sewage treatment is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connections between the units in the recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a sewage extraction unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the separation unit;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the receiving unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying unit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the circulation/sewerage unit;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning unit;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a memory cell structure;
FIG. 9 is a first schematic diagram of the integrated recycling system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is the main frame of FIG. 9 with the main frame removed;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic diagram of the integrated recycling system of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of fig. 11 with the main frame removed.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the present invention is described only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As can be seen from fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the recycling system for positive and negative electrode materials of lithium batteries of the present invention comprises a sewage extraction unit 7, a separation unit 5, a high concentration slurry recycling subsystem and a low concentration separation liquid circulating subsystem; the sewage extraction unit 7 is used for extracting sewage containing positive and negative electrode materials to supply the sewage to the separation unit 5, the separation unit 5 is used for separating the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid to be respectively output, the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem is used for treating the high-concentration slurry and obtaining the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery, and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem is used for treating the low-concentration separation liquid and forming system water circulation; the sewage extraction unit 7 is connected with the separation unit 5, and the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem are respectively connected with the separation unit 5.
Example 2
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the recovery system of the present invention: the sewage extraction unit 7 comprises a sewage extraction water pump 71, a water inlet pipeline I72 and a water outlet pipeline I73; two ends of the water inlet pipeline I72 are respectively connected with a water collecting tank 81 and a sewage extraction water pump 71 in a production site, and two ends of the water outlet pipeline I73 are respectively connected with the sewage extraction water pump 71 and the separation unit 5.
The sewage in the collecting tank 81 flows through the water inlet pipeline I72 and enters the sewage extraction water pump 71, the sewage extraction water pump 71 pressurizes the sewage, and the pressurized sewage enters the separation unit 5 through the water outlet pipeline I73.
Fluid one-way solenoid valves are arranged on the water inlet pipeline 72 and the water outlet pipeline 73. The fluid one-way solenoid valve can prevent the reverse flow of sewage.
Example 3
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 3, the recovery system of the present invention: the separation unit 5 comprises a disk centrifuge 51, a water outlet pipe 73 is connected with a water inlet 511 on the disk centrifuge 51, low-concentration separation liquid is discharged from a light liquid outlet 512, and high-concentration slurry is discharged from a slag discharge outlet 513.
Sewage in the sewage pumping water pump 71 enters the disc centrifuge 51 through the water outlet pipeline I73 and the water inlet 511, and the disc centrifuge 51 works to separate the sewage containing the anode and cathode materials into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid: high-concentration slurry is discharged from a slag discharge outlet 513 on the side surface of the disc centrifuge 51 and conveyed to a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem for recovery; the low-concentration separated liquid is discharged from a light-liquid outlet 512 beside the water inlet 511 and is conveyed to a low-concentration separated liquid circulation subsystem. Since the positive and negative electrode materials are mainly in the high-concentration slurry, the high-concentration slurry needs to be collected and recovered.
Wherein, the running water need be divided into two water routes and be supplied water for disk centrifuge 51, be sealing water all the way, be the water of starting to seal all the way: when the sealed water path is opened to feed water, the deslagging system of the disk centrifuge 51 is sealed, and when the sealed water path is opened to feed water, the deslagging system of the disk centrifuge 51 is opened to discharge the centrifuged positive and negative electrode materials. The discharge time and the discharge interval need to be set according to the flow rate of the centrifuge and the concentration of the sewage.
The disk centrifuge 51 can rapidly separate the positive and negative electrode materials from water, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency.
Example 4
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 4, the recovery system of the present invention: the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem comprises a material receiving unit 4, wherein the material receiving unit 4 is used for receiving the high-concentration slurry separated from the disc centrifuge 51; the material receiving unit 4 comprises a material receiving pipe 41, a material receiving outer box 42, an inner material tray 43, an outer material tray 44 and a slide rail 45; the external material receiving box 44 is arranged inside the material receiving outer box 42 and is connected with the material receiving outer box 42 in a sliding drawer type, the internal material receiving box 43 is arranged inside the external material receiving box 44, and the material receiving pipe 41 at the upper part of the material receiving outer box 42 is communicated with the slag discharging outlet 513 of the disk-type centrifuge 51.
After the high-concentration slurry separated by the disk centrifuge 51 enters the inner material tray 43 through the slag discharge outlet 513 and the material receiving pipe 41, the outer material tray 44 is drawn out to take out the inner material tray 43 and put in a new inner material tray 43 at the same time, and the outer material tray 44 is closed to continue material receiving. After the inner tray 43 taken out is left to stand for several tens of minutes, the low-concentration sewage (containing the negative electrode material carbon)) on the upper layer is poured into a specific water collecting tank 81, and the slurry (containing the positive electrode material lithium iron phosphate) on the bottom layer is left to stand for a while and then recovered.
Example 5
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 5, the recovery system of the present invention: the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem further comprises a drying unit 2, and the drying unit 2 is used for baking the high-concentration slurry to reduce the water content of the high-concentration slurry; the drying unit 2 comprises an oven 21 and an inner material tray 43, wherein the inner material tray 43 is placed in the oven 21.
In order to improve the recovery efficiency, the inner material tray 43 of the bottom layer residual muddy slurry is put into the oven 21 to be baked to reduce the water content, and the inner material tray 43 is taken out to recover the anode material after baking is finished.
The automatic drying device is used for effectively drying the anode and cathode materials which are separated out through centrifugal separation through electric heating and automatic air exhaust, and is convenient to process, collect, transport and the like.
Example 6
As can be seen from fig. 1, 6, 7 and 8, the recovery system of the present invention: the low-concentration separation liquid circulating subsystem comprises a storage unit 1, a circulating/sewage discharging unit 6 and a cleaning unit 9 which are connected in sequence; the storage unit 1 is used for receiving and storing the low-concentration separation liquid separated from the disc centrifuge 51, and the circulating/sewage discharging unit 6 is used for pumping the low-concentration separation liquid in the storage unit 1 to supply the low-concentration separation liquid to the cleaning unit 9 and the sewage station 82 so as to realize circulation and discharge of the low-concentration separation liquid; the cleaning unit 9 is used for receiving the low-concentration separation liquid conveyed by the circulating/sewage discharging unit 6 and cleaning parts containing anode and cathode materials.
Example 7
As can be seen from fig. 1, 6, 7, and 8, the recovery system of the present invention: the storage unit 1 comprises a circulating water tank 11, the circulating/sewage discharging unit 6 comprises a circulating/sewage discharging water pump 61, a water inlet pipeline II 62 and two water outlet pipelines II 63, and the cleaning unit 9 comprises an ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91, a water inlet pipe 92 and a water outlet pipe 93; two ends of the circulating water tank 11 are respectively communicated with the light liquid outlet 512 and the water inlet pipeline II 62 through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; one end of each of the two water outlet pipelines II 63 is connected with the circulating/sewage draining pump 61, and the other end of each of the two water outlet pipelines II is respectively connected with the cleaning unit 9 and the sewage station 82; the two ends of the water inlet pipe 92 are respectively connected with the water outlet pipeline II 63 and the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91, and the two ends of the water outlet pipe 93 are respectively connected with the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91 and the water collecting tank 81 to form system water circulation.
The low-concentration separation liquid is discharged from the light liquid outlet 512 and then stored in the circulating water tank 11, the circulating/sewage pump 61 pumps the low-concentration separation liquid in the circulating water tank 11 through the water inlet pipe II 62 and pressurizes the low-concentration separation liquid, and the pressurized low-concentration separation liquid is divided into two parts: one part of the sewage enters the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91 through the water inlet pipeline II 62, parts which are placed in the water tank body and contain positive and negative electrode materials on the surfaces are cleaned, the positive and negative electrode materials are separated out and dissolved in water, and the cleaned sewage is discharged into the water collecting tank 200 through the water outlet pipeline II 63; the remaining part is discharged to a sewage station 82 in the production site for industrial sewage treatment.
The ultrasonic cleaning device is used for converting sound energy of a power ultrasonic frequency source into mechanical vibration through a transducer, ultrasonic waves are radiated to cleaning liquid in the tank through the wall of the cleaning tank, and micro bubbles in liquid in the tank can keep vibrating under the action of the sound waves due to the radiation of the ultrasonic waves; the adsorption of the damaged dirt and the surface of the cleaning piece causes the fatigue damage of the dirt layer to be stripped, the vibration of the gas bubbles cleans the solid surface, and finally the positive and negative electrode slurry attached to the relevant parts in the production process of the battery cell is effectively separated.
The cleaning unit 9 further includes a tap water inlet pipe, tap water is supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91 through the tap water inlet pipe for secondary cleaning of the parts, and sewage after the secondary cleaning can be selectively discharged into the water collecting tank 81 through the water outlet pipe 93, or discharged into the water collecting tank 81 through the water outlet pipe 93 after waiting for the next cleaning.
In order to clean the parts placed in the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91, the positive and negative electrode materials are recovered as much as possible, and the parts are cleaned twice: the first cleaning is carried out by using low-concentration separation liquid delivered by the circulating/sewage discharging pump 61, and the sewage after the cleaning is discharged to the water collecting tank 81 and then is injected with tap water for secondary cleaning. The tap water supply of the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91 and the tap water supply of the disk centrifuge 51 are unified by the front-end pipeline, and the tap water outlet of the disk centrifuge 51 and the water outlet pipe 93 of the ultrasonic cleaning water tank 91 are unified by the rear-end pipeline.
Example 8
As can be seen from fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, the system for recovering positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery of the present invention further includes a main frame 31, an electric control cabinet 32 and a connector assembly 33; the main frame 31 is used for supporting the whole equipment and fixing all units, the electric control cabinet 32 is an electric control system of the whole equipment, and the joint assembly 33 is used for summarizing water paths; each unit height is integrated together and is located main frame 31 and be upper and lower setting: the cleaning unit 9 is positioned above one side, the circulating/sewage discharging unit 6 and the sewage extracting unit 7 are positioned below the cleaning unit 9, the storage unit 1 is positioned on the inner side of the cleaning unit 9, the drying unit 2 is positioned above the other side, the electric control cabinet 32 is positioned below the drying unit 2, the centrifugal unit 5 is positioned on the inner side of the drying unit 2, and the material receiving unit 4 is positioned on the side surface of the centrifugal unit 5; the main frame 31 is protected from corrosion, moisture, and impact.
The electric control system intelligently integrates the unit mechanisms in the system, and automatically or manually switches and calls the unit mechanisms freely through a touch screen. The system has the advantages that each unit in the system is small in occupied size after being highly integrated, the use is convenient, the system can adapt to various working environments, and the stable operation can be ensured even in a relatively unfavorable environment. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated integration, and any functional units in the present invention should be considered within the scope of the present invention, regardless of the relative positions of the units.
Example 9
As shown in fig. 1, the system for recovering the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery further comprises a collecting tank 81 and a sewage station 82 in the production field, wherein the collecting tank 81 is used for collecting and storing all sewage after cleaning parts of the system, can be used for collecting the sewage after cleaning the parts of the system, can also be used for storing the sewage manually washed out in the field, and can be manufactured in the field of use of the system in the manner of digging a pit and the like; the sewage station 82 is an environmental-friendly industrial sewage treatment system.
The water in the water collecting tank 81 is separated by a centrifuge, the separated light liquid is discharged to a sewage station 82 for final water treatment, and the treated water reaches the national discharge standard and is discharged to the outside.
The recovery system of the invention needs to be matched with a water collecting tank 81 and a sewage station 82 for use, and the water collecting tank 81 and the sewage station 82 are self-equipped by manufacturers on site.
Example 10
The invention relates to a method for recovering positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery, which comprises the following steps:
(1) conveying the sewage containing the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery to the separation unit 5 through the extraction unit 7;
(2) the separation unit 5 separates the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid which are respectively output;
(3) the high-concentration slurry is received by the receiving unit, after standing for tens of minutes, the low-concentration sewage containing the cathode material carbon on the upper layer is poured into a specific water collecting tank, and the residual mud-like slurry containing the anode material lithium iron phosphate on the bottom layer is recovered by the drying unit 2;
(4) the low-concentration separation liquid is used for cleaning parts containing anode and cathode materials through the storage unit 1, the circulation/pollution discharge unit 6 and the cleaning unit 9 so as to realize the recycling of water, and the redundant low-concentration separation liquid is discharged to a water collecting tank.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: in the recovery method, the sewage in the water collecting tank 81 is pumped into the disk centrifuge 51 through the sewage pumping water pump 71, high-concentration slurry containing positive and negative electrode materials is separated through the disk centrifuge 51, the water-containing volume ratio of the high-concentration slurry is 90%, the high-concentration slurry is discharged into the inner material tray 43 through the material receiving pipe 41, the outer material tray 44 is pumped out, the inner material tray 43 is taken out and then stands for a period of time, meanwhile, a new inner material tray 43 is placed into the outer material tray 44, and the outer material tray 44 is closed to continue material receiving. After the inner tray 43 taken out is left to stand for several tens of minutes, the low-concentration sewage containing the negative electrode material on the upper layer is poured into the water collecting tank 81 (the relevant treatment is subsequently carried out for recovery), the remaining muddy slurry on the bottom layer is put into the oven 21 together with the inner tray 43 for baking, and the inner tray 43 is taken out after the baking is finished for recovering the positive electrode material.
In summary, the advantages of the recovery system and method of the present invention are: 1. the system realizes the recycling of the anode and cathode materials by arranging a sewage extraction unit, a separation unit, a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem, a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem and the like: sewage in the sewage tank is extracted, the positive and negative electrode materials are separated into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid through the separation unit, then the positive and negative electrode materials in the high-concentration slurry are recycled, the low-concentration separation liquid is washed and the like, so that the recycling rate of the positive and negative electrode materials is greatly improved, resources are saved, the economic effect is good, and the environmental pollution is reduced; 2. the separation unit shortens the separation time, has high recovery efficiency, and treats more than 0.5 cubic meter of sewage per hour; 3. the ultrasonic cleaning box has strong cleaning capability, and the secondary cleaning is arranged, so that the material residue is further avoided, and the recovery rate is improved; 4. the system is highly integrated, occupies small volume, is externally provided with a protective shell with corrosion resistance, moisture resistance and collision resistance, is convenient to use, has small requirement on the site, can adapt to various working environments, and can ensure stable operation even in a relatively unfavorable environment; 5. the waste of the anode and cathode materials in the existing production line is solved, the sewage is primarily purified while the anode and cathode materials are recovered, the burden of the subsequent sewage treatment is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced; 6. the anode and cathode materials can be extracted without adding any additive, so that the purity of material recovery is ensured, and meanwhile, the energy consumption is low, the system operation is stable, and the cost is low; meanwhile, the self-circulation of water is realized, so that the separation step and the separation process are simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the system is saved while the function is realized.
The recovery system and the recovery method of the invention use the liquid originally treated as the waste liquid generated in the battery anode material manufacturing industry as the raw material, and separate the liquid to obtain the anode material and the cathode material, thereby effectively solving the problem of waste liquid treatment, reducing the generation amount and the discharge amount of three wastes from the source, realizing the reduction of sewage after treatment, wherein the reduction amount reaches 65%, and meanwhile, the obtained products of lithium iron phosphate and carbon can be directly used for production and manufacture, thereby greatly reducing the material loss, forming the relation of complementary interaction and symbiotic benefit, realizing the effective allocation of resources, greatly reducing the ecological environment pressure generated in the lithium battery production, and building a national economic system with low investment, high output, low consumption, no waste liquid discharge, circulation and sustainability, and a resource-saving and environment-friendly industrial system.
Claims (10)
1. A recovery system for positive and negative electrode materials of a lithium battery is characterized in that: the system comprises a sewage extraction unit (7), a separation unit (5), a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem; the system comprises a sewage extraction unit (7), a separation unit (5), a high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and a low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem, wherein the sewage extraction unit (7) is used for extracting sewage containing positive and negative electrode materials to supply the sewage to the separation unit (5), the separation unit (5) is used for separating the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid to be respectively output, the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem is used for treating the high-concentration slurry and obtaining the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery, and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem is used for treating the low-concentration separation liquid and forming system water circulation; the sewage extraction unit (7) is connected with the separation unit (5), and the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem and the low-concentration separation liquid circulation subsystem are respectively connected with the separation unit (5).
2. A recycling system according to claim 1, wherein: the sewage extraction unit (7) comprises a sewage extraction water pump (71), a water inlet pipeline I (72) and a water outlet pipeline I (73); two ends of the water inlet pipeline I (72) are respectively connected with a water collecting tank and a sewage extraction water pump (71) in a production field, and two ends of the water outlet pipeline I (73) are respectively connected with the sewage extraction water pump (71) and the separation unit (5).
3. A recycling system according to claim 2, wherein: the separation unit (5) comprises a disc centrifuge (51), a water outlet pipeline (73) is connected with a water inlet (511) on the disc centrifuge (51), low-concentration separation liquid is discharged from a light liquid outlet (512), and high-concentration slurry is discharged from a slag discharge outlet (513).
4. A recycling system according to claim 3, wherein: the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem comprises a material receiving unit (4), wherein the material receiving unit (4) is used for receiving the high-concentration slurry separated from the disc-type centrifugal machine (51); the material receiving unit (4) comprises a material receiving pipe (41), a material receiving outer box (42), an inner material receiving disc (43), an outer material receiving disc (44) and a slide rail (45); the external material receiving tray (44) is arranged inside the material receiving outer box (42) and is connected with the material receiving outer box (42) in a sliding drawer type, the internal material receiving tray (43) is arranged inside the external material receiving tray (44), and the material receiving pipe (41) at the upper part of the material receiving outer box (42) is communicated with the slag discharge outlet (513) of the disk centrifuge (51).
5. The recycling system according to claim 4, wherein: the high-concentration slurry recovery subsystem further comprises a drying unit (2), wherein the drying unit (2) is used for baking the high-concentration slurry to reduce the water content of the high-concentration slurry; the drying unit (2) comprises an oven (21) and an inner material tray (43), wherein the inner material tray (43) is placed in the oven (21).
6. A recycling system according to claim 3, wherein: the low-concentration separation liquid circulating subsystem comprises a storage unit (1), a circulating/sewage discharging unit (6) and a cleaning unit (9) which are connected in sequence; the storage unit (1) is used for receiving and storing the low-concentration separation liquid separated from the disc centrifuge (51), and the circulating/sewage discharging unit (6) is used for extracting the low-concentration separation liquid in the storage unit (1) and supplying the low-concentration separation liquid to the cleaning unit (9) and the sewage station (82) so as to realize the circulation and the discharge of the low-concentration separation liquid; the cleaning unit (9) is used for receiving the low-concentration separation liquid conveyed by the circulating/sewage discharging unit (6) and cleaning parts containing anode and cathode materials.
7. The recycling system according to claim 6, wherein: the storage unit (1) comprises a circulating water tank (11), the circulating/sewage discharging unit (6) comprises a circulating/sewage discharging water pump (61), a water inlet pipeline II (62) and two water outlet pipelines II (63), and the cleaning unit (9) comprises an ultrasonic cleaning water tank (91), a water inlet pipe (92) and a water outlet pipe (93); two ends of the circulating water tank (11) are respectively communicated with the light liquid outlet (512) and the water inlet pipeline II (62) through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; one end of each of the two water outlet pipelines II (63) is connected with the circulating/sewage draining pump (61), and the other end of each of the two water outlet pipelines II is respectively connected with the cleaning unit (9) and the sewage station (82); the two ends of the water inlet pipe (92) are respectively connected with the water outlet pipeline II (63) and the ultrasonic cleaning water tank (91), and the two ends of the water outlet pipe (93) are respectively connected with the ultrasonic cleaning water tank (91) and the water collecting tank, so that system water circulation is formed.
8. The recycling system according to claim 7, wherein: the cleaning unit (9) further comprises a tap water inlet pipe, tap water is supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning water tank (91) through the tap water inlet pipe for secondary cleaning of parts, and sewage after secondary cleaning can be selectively discharged into the water collecting tank (81) through the water outlet pipe (93) or discharged into the water collecting tank (81) through the water outlet pipe (93) after next cleaning.
9. The recycling system of claim 7, wherein: the recovery system also comprises a main frame (31), an electric control cabinet (32) and a joint component (33); the main frame (31) is used for supporting the whole system and fixing all units, the electric control cabinet (32) is an electric control system of the whole system, and the joint assembly (33) is used for gathering water paths; the units are highly integrated together and are positioned in a main frame (31) and arranged up, middle and down: the cleaning unit (9) is positioned above one side, the circulating/sewage discharging unit (6) and the sewage extracting unit (7) are positioned below the cleaning unit (9), the storage unit (1) is positioned at the inner side of the cleaning unit (9), the drying unit (2) is positioned above the other side, the electric control cabinet (32) is positioned below the drying unit (2), the centrifugal unit (5) is positioned at the inner side of the drying unit (2), and the material receiving unit (4) is positioned at the side surface of the centrifugal unit (5); the main frame (31) is protected from corrosion, moisture, and impact.
10. The method for recycling the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
(1) conveying the sewage containing the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery to a separation unit (5) through an extraction unit (7);
(2) the separation unit (5) separates the sewage into high-concentration slurry and low-concentration separation liquid which are respectively output;
(3) the high-concentration slurry is received by the receiving unit, after standing for tens of minutes, the low-concentration sewage containing the cathode material carbon on the upper layer is poured into a specific water collecting tank, and the residual mud-like slurry containing the anode material lithium iron phosphate on the bottom layer is recovered by the drying unit (2);
(4) the low-concentration separation liquid is used for cleaning parts containing anode and cathode materials through the storage unit (1), the circulation/pollution discharge unit (6) and the cleaning unit (9) so as to realize the recycling of water, and the redundant low-concentration separation liquid is discharged to a water collecting tank.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116216843A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-06-06 | 马鞍山南实科技有限公司 | System and method for recycling anode and cathode materials of lithium battery with high utilization rate |
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