CN115351397A - Welding control method and welding machine - Google Patents
Welding control method and welding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115351397A CN115351397A CN202211047913.XA CN202211047913A CN115351397A CN 115351397 A CN115351397 A CN 115351397A CN 202211047913 A CN202211047913 A CN 202211047913A CN 115351397 A CN115351397 A CN 115351397A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a welding control method and a welding machine. The welding control method includes: setting a voltage and a current for welding respectively; acquiring the amount of filler metal, pulse parameters and a standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current; acquiring an actual welding speed; comparing the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, and determining filling metal quantity parameters related to an arc striking stage and an arc extinguishing stage and pulse energy parameters related to the arc striking stage and the arc extinguishing stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed; and welding according to the filling metal quantity parameter and the pulse energy parameter. In the welding control method and the welding machine according to the disclosure, by adjusting the parameters related to the metal filling amount and the parameters related to the pulse energy, the neck shrinkage phenomenon existing in the arc striking stage in the conventional technology can be effectively eliminated, and the penetration and the weld seam consistency in the arc closing stage can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the field of gas metal arc welding, in particular to a welding control method and a welding machine.
Background
Gas metal arc welding refers to a welding method in which an arc generated between a welding wire and a workpiece is used as a heat source to melt metal. In the welding process, a molten pool and a welding area formed by melting the welding wire and the base metal by the electric arc can effectively prevent the harmful effect of the ambient air under the protection of inert gas or active gas.
In the use process of gas metal arc welding, welding defects such as incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration, slag inclusion, poor forming and the like are often caused in the arc starting stage and the arc ending stage of welding due to poor arc stability, high welding speed, unreasonable pulse energy matching and the like.
In welding in some industries, for example, in welding of jointed boards in the container industry, welding quality at the arc striking and arc ending of the welding is strictly required. Because the problems of arc starting stability and fusion depth consistency are not solved at present, the spliced plates of the container are usually welded by adopting the arc striking plates. Thus, not only does it require the installation and removal of the striking plate by a dedicated operator, but it also results in inefficiencies.
In some industries, for example, in the pressure vessel industry, welding quality requirements on the arc starting and arc ending parts of welding are more strict, and if defects such as insufficient penetration and incomplete fusion occur at the arc starting and arc ending parts, the sealing performance of a product is poor, and thus the product is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to eliminate the problem of neck shrinkage in the arc starting stage of welding and the problem of inconsistent weld forming and penetration in the arc closing stage, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a welding control method and a welding machine.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a welding control method including:
setting a voltage and a current for welding respectively;
acquiring the amount of filler metal, pulse parameters and a standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current;
acquiring an actual welding speed;
comparing the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, and determining filling metal quantity parameters related to an arc striking stage and an arc extinguishing stage and pulse energy parameters related to the arc striking stage and the arc extinguishing stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed; and
and welding according to the filling metal quantity parameter and the pulse energy parameter.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the actual welding speed is set by a user.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the fill metal quantity parameters related to the arc initiation phase and the arc extinction phase include an actual arc initiation acceleration a, an actual arc initiation wire feed increase Δ V, an actual arc initiation wire feed increase time t, an actual acceleration of the arc initiation wire feed increase to the main weld c, and an arc extinction acceleration b, where a = K 1 *(△A) 2 +K 2 *△A+a n ；
△V＝K 3 *(△A) 2 +K 4 *△A+△V n ；
t＝K 5 *(△A) 2 +K 6 *△A+t n ；
c＝K 7 *△A+c n (ii) a And
b＝K 8 *(△A) 2 +K 9 *△A+b n ；
wherein, a n Indicating the arc starting acceleration, deltaV, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Indicating an increase in arc ignition wire, t, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Indicating an increased time for arc ignition wire feed, c, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Representing the increase of the arc ignition wire to the acceleration of the main weld, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for the welding, and b n Indicating the arc-extinguishing acceleration, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 1 ～K 9 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameters related to the pulse energy include a base current IB, a peak current IP, a peak current time T2, and a pulse frequency F, wherein,
IB＝K 10 *△A+Ib n ；
IP＝K 11 *△A+IP n ；
T2＝K 12 *(△A) 2 +K 13 *△A+T2 n (ii) a And
F＝K 14 *(△A) 2 +K 15 *△A+F n ；
wherein, ib n Representing base current, IP, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current, T2, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current time automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding, and F n Indicating the pulse frequency, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 10 ～K 15 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a welder including a control device, a power source, and a wire feeder, the welder further including:
a receiving device configured to receive a voltage and a current for welding; and
a welding speed acquisition device configured to acquire an actual welding speed;
wherein the power supply is configured to determine a filler metal amount, a pulse energy parameter, and a standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current, and to transmit the standard welding speed to the control device, the control device compares the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, determines the filler metal amount parameter and determines the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed, and controls the wire feeding device to feed wires according to the filler metal amount parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage, and simultaneously, transmits the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage to the power supply, which outputs pulses according to the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the actual welding speed is set by a user.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the fill metal quantity parameters associated with the arc initiation phase and arc extinction phase include arc initiation acceleration a, arc initiation wire feed increase Δ V, arc initiation wire feed increase time t, arc initiation wire feed increase to main weld acceleration c, and arc extinction acceleration b, wherein,
a＝K 1 *(△A) 2 +K 2 *△A+a n ；
△V＝K 3 *(△A) 2 +K 4 *△A+△V n ；
t＝K 5 *(△A) 2 +K 6 *△A+t n ；
c＝K 7 *△A+c n (ii) a And
b＝K 8 *(△A) 2 +K 9 *△A+b n ；
wherein, a n Representing the arc initiation acceleration, deltaV, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Indicating the increase in the arc ignition wire, t, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for the welding n Indicating an increased time for arc ignition wire feed, c, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Indicating an increase in the arc start wire to the acceleration of the main weld based on automatic matching of the voltage and current used for the weld, and b n Indicating the arc-extinguishing acceleration, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 1 ～K 9 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameters related to the pulse energy include a base current IB, a peak current IP, a peak current time T2, a pulse frequency F, where:
IB＝K 10 *△A+Ib n ；
IP＝K 11 *△A+IP n ；
T2＝K 12 *(△A) 2 +K 13 *△A+T2 n (ii) a And
F＝K 14 *(△A) 2 +K 15 *△A+F n ；
wherein Ib n Representing base current, IP, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current, T2, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current time automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding, and F n Indicating the pulse frequency, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 10 ～K 15 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
According to the welding control method and the welding machine disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the neck shrinking phenomenon existing in the arc striking stage in the conventional technology can be effectively eliminated by adjusting the parameters related to the metal filling amount and the parameters related to the pulse energy, and the penetration and the weld seam consistency in the arc stopping stage are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates wire feed speed during a welding process of the conventional art;
FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the effects of weld formation and penetration when the actual welding speed is greater than the standard welding speed according to the conventional art;
FIG. 2B is a plan view showing the formation of a weld in a conventional technique in which the actual welding speed is greater than the standard welding speed;
FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a weld control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 shows different parameters related to metal filling amount used in a welding control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in different values of a deviation Δ a between the standard welding speed A1 and the actual welding speed A2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating penetration resulting from different pulse energies during an arc initiation phase and an arc extinction phase in a weld control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6A illustrates a cross-sectional view of a weld forming and penetration effect after adjusting a parameter related to metal fill and a parameter related to pulse energy in a weld control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 6B illustrates a top view of adjustment of parameters related to metal fill and weld formation after pulse energy in a weld control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. The features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the description.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
In addition, technical features related to different embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The welding machine generally includes a power source, a wire feeder, and a welding torch, the power source providing welding energy to the welding torch, the wire feeder feeding a welding wire, the welding torch holding the welding wire and feeding the welding wire to a portion to be welded, an electric arc being generated between the welding wire and a base metal, heat generated by the electric arc melting the welding wire and the base metal to form a weld after condensation.
During welding with a welder, penetration and weld formation are determined by the wire feed rate and the arc energy during welding. In the welding process, a certain amount of welding wires and base metal with a certain depth need to be melted, and a welding seam with a certain width can be formed after the melted welding wires and the base metal are condensed. Therefore, aiming at the quality requirements of the thickness of the base metal, the joint form, the width and the penetration depth of the welding seam and the like, the power supply of the welding machine provides different welding specifications, each welding specification has a corresponding standard welding speed, and the welding can achieve a better welding seam forming and penetration effect at the speed. The welding speed as used herein refers to the length of a weld completed per unit time.
Fig. 1 shows the wire feed speed of a welding process in a conventional technique. Before the start of welding, the welding wire is fed at a low speed, and after the welding wire enters the welding area, an arc is generated between the welding wire and the base metal, the wire feed speed of the welding wire is accelerated by the arc starting acceleration a, and when the wire feed speed of the welding wire reaches the wire feed speed at the time of main welding (i.e., main welding (V0) in the figure), the main welding is started. And when the main welding is finished, entering an arc closing stage, and decelerating the wire feeding speed by taking the arc closing acceleration b as the acceleration until the wire feeding speed is zero.
When the welding device is used on site, the welding speed is generally higher than the standard welding speed corresponding to welding specifications, so that the problems of insufficient penetration and inconsistent weld forming can be caused in the arc striking stage and the arc ending stage of a weld. Fig. 2A is a schematic sectional view showing the effect of weld formation and penetration when the actual welding speed is greater than the standard welding speed in the conventional art, and fig. 2B is a plan view showing the weld formation after the welding speed is increased. As shown in FIG. 2A, the neck-in phenomenon appears on the weld formation at the arc initiation stage, i.e. a large bulge is formed at the arc initiation position (position A), then the weld is thinned (position B) and then returns to normal (position C), and the penetration depth is shallower (position A-B) at the arc initiation stage and can not reach the penetration depth of the main weld (position C-D). In the arc-closing stage, as shown in fig. 2A, the weld formation does not reach the height of the main weld and the penetration depth does not reach the penetration depth of the main weld in the arc-closing stage (D-E stage), and at the same time, as shown in fig. 2B, the weld formation consistency is also poor.
Often, users often increase the current during the arc initiation and arc extinction phases to improve some of the welding problems during the arc initiation and arc extinction phases. However, the pulse waveforms and the metal filling amount at the arc striking and arc extinguishing stages cannot be accurately controlled, and the above problems cannot be fundamentally solved.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a penetration and weld forming control method, which automatically adjusts pulse energy and metal filling amount in an arc striking stage and an arc extinguishing stage according to a standard welding speed and a change of the welding speed corresponding to a welding specification, thereby forming sufficient penetration and consistent weld forming.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a welding control method, as shown in fig. 3, including:
s1, respectively setting voltage and current for welding;
s2, acquiring the amount of filling metal, pulse parameters and standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current;
s3, acquiring an actual welding speed;
s4, comparing the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, determining filling metal quantity parameters related to an arc striking stage and an arc extinguishing stage and determining pulse energy parameters related to the arc striking stage and the arc extinguishing stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed; and
and S5, welding according to the filling metal quantity parameter and the pulse energy parameter.
Prior to each weld, the user sets the voltage and current on the welder for the weld. The voltage and current may be set separately. After receiving the voltage and the current received by the user, the power supply of the welding machine can generate a corresponding standard welding speed A1 according to the received voltage and current, and a better weld forming and penetration effect can be achieved by welding at the standard welding speed A1. When the user sets the actual welding speed A2, the voltage automatically determines the deviation Δ a between said standard welding speed A1 and said actual welding speed A2.
Under the condition that the deviation delta A is zero, welding is carried out according to the voltage and the current which are set for welding, and a good weld joint forming and penetration effect can be achieved.
In the case where the deviation Δ a is not zero, different defects may occur if welding is performed at a voltage and current corresponding to the setting for welding.
In the case where the standard welding speed A1 is smaller than the actual welding speed A2, the amount of filler metal supplied at the standard welding speed A1 is smaller than the amount of filler metal required at the actual welding speed A2, resulting in poor weld formation and a small penetration. Thus, the overall strength of the structure after welding is weak.
Under the condition that the standard welding speed A1 is higher than the actual welding speed A2, the amount of the filler metal provided according to the standard welding speed A1 is higher than the amount of the filler metal required by the actual welding speed A2, so that solder is accumulated, the weld joint is poor in forming, and the penetration is large.
The inventors have noticed the above-mentioned drawback and have provided a welding control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which adjusts the amount of metal filling and the pulse energy in the arc striking phase and arc extinguishing phase according to the deviation Δ a between the standard welding speed A1 and the actual welding speed A2.
The parameters related to the metal filling amount comprise an arc starting acceleration a, an arc starting wire feeding increment delta V, an arc starting wire feeding increment time t, an arc starting wire feeding increment to main welding acceleration c and an arc closing acceleration b, and in the case that a deviation delta A exists between the standard welding speed A1 and the actual welding speed A2, the parameters related to the metal filling amount can be adjusted as follows:
a＝K 1 *(△A) 2 +K 2 *△A+a n ；
△V＝K 3 *(△A) 2 +K 4 *△A+△V n ；
t＝K 5 *(△A) 2 +K 6 *△A+t n ；
c＝K 7 *△A+c n (ii) a And
b＝K 8 *(△A) 2 +K 9 *△A+b n ；
wherein, a n Indicating the arc starting acceleration, deltaV, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Indicating an increase in arc ignition wire, t, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Indicating an increased time for arc ignition wire feed, c, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Indicating automation according to voltage and current used for weldingMatched arc start wire feed increase to acceleration of main weld, and b n Indicating the arc-extinguishing acceleration, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 1 ～K 9 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
Fig. 4 shows different parameters related to metal filling amount used in the case of different values of the deviation Δ a between the standard welding speed A1 and the actual welding speed A2 in the welding control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the case where the actual welding speed A2 is equal to the standard welding speed A1, at the end of slow wire feeding, the wire feeding speed is accelerated to the main welding speed v0 at the arc initiation acceleration a, and then welding is performed at the main welding speed v 0. When welding is finished, the wire feeding speed is decelerated to 0 by taking the arc-closing acceleration b as acceleration.
As shown in fig. 4, the arc initiation acceleration A1 is greater than the arc initiation acceleration a, the corresponding actual welding speed is greater than the standard welding speed A1, in the arc initiation stage, the wire feeding speed is accelerated to V1 by taking the arc initiation acceleration A1 as the acceleration, and the acceleration lasts for a time t1, so as to form an arc initiation wire feeding increment Δ V1; the arc striking acceleration a2 is greater than the arc striking acceleration a1, the corresponding actual welding speed is greater than the actual welding speed corresponding to the arc striking acceleration a1, in the arc striking stage, the wire feeding speed is accelerated to V2 by taking the arc striking acceleration a2 as the acceleration, and the acceleration lasts for t2, so that an arc striking wire feeding increment delta V2 is formed; and in the arc striking stage, the wire feeding speed is accelerated to V3 by taking the arc striking acceleration a3 as the acceleration and lasts for t3 to form arc striking wire feeding increment delta V3, wherein the arc striking acceleration a3 is less than the arc striking acceleration a, and the corresponding actual welding speed is less than the standard welding speed. After the arc start wire feeding increments Δ V1, Δ V2, and Δ V3 are formed, respectively, the wire feeding speed is decelerated to the main welding speed by the arc start wire feeding increments to the accelerations c1, c2, and c3 of the main welding, respectively, and the main welding is performed.
Under the condition that the actual welding speed is higher than the standard welding speed, the wire feeding speed is increased to be higher than the wire feeding speed corresponding to the main welding in the arc striking stage and is continued for a period of time, the larger the actual welding speed is, the larger the arc striking acceleration is, the larger the wire feeding speed at the tail end of the arc striking stage is, and the shorter the duration time is, so that the metal filling amount can be effectively increased, and the neck shrinkage phenomenon is effectively eliminated.
During the arc-extinguishing phase, the wire feed speed is varied similarly to the wire feed speed during the arc-starting phase, but in reverse. As shown in fig. 4, when the main welding is finished, arc-extinguishing is started. At this time, the wire feeding speed becomes large to provide a larger metal filling amount at the wire feeding speed after the enlargement, and the wire feeding speed is reduced to zero at the arc-extinguishing acceleration B as acceleration when the arc-extinguishing wire feeding increase amount provided can eliminate the welding defect at the arc-extinguishing stage in fig. 2A and 2B. The larger the actual welding speed is, the larger the wire feeding speed before deceleration is, the larger the arc-extinguishing acceleration b is, the smaller the actual welding speed is, and the smaller the wire feeding speed before deceleration is, the smaller the arc-extinguishing acceleration b is. The arc-in acceleration b1, the arc-out acceleration b2, and the arc-out acceleration b3 shown in fig. 4 are used for the actual welding speed corresponding to the arc-starting acceleration a1, the actual welding speed corresponding to the arc-starting acceleration a2, and the actual welding speed corresponding to the arc-starting acceleration a3, respectively.
The amount of metal filling is increased in the arc striking stage and the arc extinguishing stage, and it is necessary to adjust parameters of pulse energy so as to melt the amount of metal filling and increase the penetration of the base metal.
Parameters related to pulse energy include base current IB, peak current IP, peak current time T2, pulse frequency F. The pulse energy related parameters IB, IP, T2, F are acting during the arc starting wire feed increase time T, and in case of a deviation Δ a between said standard welding speed A1 and said actual welding speed A2, the pulse energy related parameters can be adjusted as follows:
IB＝K 10 *△A+Ib n ；
IP＝K 11 *△A+IP n ；
T2＝K 12 *(△A) 2 +K 13 *△A+T2 n (ii) a And
F＝K 14 *(△A) 2 +K 15 *△A+F n 。
wherein Ib n Representing base current, IP, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current, T2, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current time automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding, and F n Indicating the pulse frequency, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 10 ～K 15 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of penetration created by different pulse energies during an arc initiation phase and an arc extinction phase in a weld control method in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. As can be seen from fig. 5, as the base current IB, the peak current IP, and the peak current time T2 decrease, the pulse frequency becomes larger, the arc energy becomes more concentrated, and deeper penetration can be formed.
The parameters of base current IB, peak current IP, peak current time T2 and pulse frequency F related to pulse energy and the parameters a, deltaV, T and c related to metal filling amount are different with the base metal, the filling metal and the weld size, and the coefficient K is different 1 ～K 15 As well as base metal, filler metal, and weld sizes.
FIG. 6A illustrates a cross-sectional view of a weld forming and penetration effect after adjusting a parameter related to metal fill and a parameter related to pulse energy in a weld control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; and fig. 6B illustrates a top view of adjusting parameters related to metal fill and weld formation after pulse energy in a weld control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As can be seen from fig. 6A and 6B, the "necking" phenomenon is effectively eliminated in the arc striking stage, and the weld forming consistency in the arc closing stage and the weld forming consistency in the main welding stage are very high, and meanwhile, the penetration in the arc closing stage and the penetration in the main welding stage are very high.
In the welding control method according to the embodiment of the disclosure, by adjusting the parameters related to the metal filling amount and the parameters related to the pulse energy, the neck shrinkage phenomenon existing in the arc striking stage in the conventional technology can be effectively eliminated, and the penetration and the weld consistency in the arc closing stage can be effectively improved.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a welding machine, which can implement the above welding method, effectively eliminate the "neck shrinkage" phenomenon, and ensure weld forming consistency and weld penetration consistency.
A welder, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, includes a control device, a power source, and a wire feeder, the welder further including:
a receiving device configured to receive a voltage and a current for welding; and
a welding speed acquisition device configured to acquire an actual welding speed;
wherein the power supply is configured to determine a filler metal amount, a pulse energy parameter, and a standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current, and to transmit the standard welding speed to the control device, the control device compares the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, determines the filler metal amount parameter and determines the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed, and controls the wire feeding device to feed wires according to the filler metal amount parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage, and simultaneously, transmits the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage to the power supply, which outputs pulses according to the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the actual welding speed is set by a user.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the filler metal quantity parameters related to the arc initiation phase and arc extinction phase include an arc initiation acceleration a, an arc initiation wire feed increase Δ V, an arc initiation wire feed increase time t, an arc initiation wire feed increase to primary weld acceleration c, and an arc extinction acceleration b.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a = K 1 *(△A) 2 +K 2 *△A+a n ；
△V＝K 3 *(△A) 2 +K 4 *△A+△V n ；
t＝K 5 *(△A) 2 +K 6 *△A+t n ；
c＝K 7 *△A+c n (ii) a And
b＝K 8 *(△A) 2 +K 9 *△A+b n ；
wherein, a n Indicating the arc starting acceleration, deltaV, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Indicating the increase in the arc ignition wire, t, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for the welding n Indicating an increased time for arc ignition wire feed, c, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Indicating an increase in the arc start wire to the acceleration of the main weld based on automatic matching of the voltage and current used for the weld, and b n Indicating the arc-extinguishing acceleration, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 1 ～K 9 As a function of the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameters related to the pulse energy include the base current IB, the peak current IP, the peak current time T2, and the pulse frequency F.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, IB = K 10 *△A+Ib n ；
IP＝K 11 *△A+IP n ；
T2＝K 12 *(△A) 2 +K 13 *△A+T2 n (ii) a And
F＝K 14 *(△A) 2 +K 15 *△A+F n ；
wherein, ib n Representing base current, IP, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current, T2, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current time automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding, and F n Indicating the pulse frequency, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 10 ～K 15 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
According to the welding machine disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the neck shrinking phenomenon existing in the arc striking stage in the conventional technology can be effectively eliminated by adjusting the parameters related to the metal filling amount and the parameters related to the pulse energy, and the penetration and the weld seam consistency in the arc closing stage are effectively improved.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on an operating state of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood in specific instances by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The present disclosure has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, which are intended to be exemplary only and illustrative only. On the basis of the above, the present disclosure can be subjected to various substitutions and improvements, which are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A welding control method, comprising:
setting a voltage and a current for welding respectively;
acquiring the amount of filler metal, pulse parameters and a standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current;
acquiring an actual welding speed;
comparing the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, and determining filling metal quantity parameters related to an arc striking stage and an arc extinguishing stage and pulse energy parameters related to the arc striking stage and the arc extinguishing stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed; and
and welding according to the filling metal quantity parameter and the pulse energy parameter.
2. The welding control method of claim 1, wherein the actual welding speed is set by a user.
3. The welding control method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filler metal quantity parameters related to the arc start phase and the arc stop phase comprise an arc start acceleration a, an arc start wire feed increase Δ V, an arc start wire feed increase time t, an arc start wire feed increase to main welding acceleration c, and an arc stop acceleration b, wherein,
a＝K 1 *(△A) 2 +K 2 *△A+a n ；
△V＝K 3 *(△A) 2 +K 4 *△A+△V n ；
t＝K 5 *(△A) 2 +K 6 *△A+t n ；
c＝K 7 *△A+c n ；
b＝K 8 *(△A) 2 +K 9 *△A+b n ；
wherein, a n Indicating the arc starting acceleration, deltaV, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Indicating the increase in the arc ignition wire, t, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for the welding n Indicating an increased time for arc start wire feed automatically matched according to voltage and current for welding, c n Indicating an increase in the arc start wire to the acceleration of the main weld based on automatic matching of the voltage and current used for the weld, and b n Indicating the arc-extinguishing acceleration, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 1 ～K 9 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
4. The welding control method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the parameters related to pulse energy include a base current IB, a peak current IP, a peak current time T2, and a pulse frequency F, wherein,
IB＝K 10 *△A+Ib n ；
IP＝K 11 *△A+IP n ；
T2＝K 12 *(△A) 2 +K 13 *△A+T2 n (ii) a And
F＝K 14 *(△A) 2 +K 15 *△A+F n ；
wherein, ib n Representing base current, IP, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Representing the peak current, T2, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current time automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding, and F n Indicating the pulse frequency, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 10 ～K 15 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
5. A welder comprising a control, a power supply, and a wire feeder, the welder further comprising:
a receiving device configured to receive a voltage and a current for welding; and
a welding speed acquisition device configured to acquire an actual welding speed;
wherein the power supply is configured to determine a filler metal amount, a pulse energy parameter, and a standard welding speed corresponding to the voltage and the current, and to transmit the standard welding speed to the control device, the control device compares the actual welding speed with the standard welding speed, determines the filler metal amount parameter and determines the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage under the condition that the actual welding speed is not equal to the standard welding speed, and controls the wire feeding device to feed wires according to the filler metal amount parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage, and simultaneously, transmits the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage to the power supply, which outputs pulses according to the pulse energy parameter related to the arc striking stage and the arc receiving stage.
6. The welder of claim 5, wherein the actual welding speed is set by a user.
7. The welder of claim 5 or 6, wherein the fill metal quantity parameters related to the arc start phase and the arc strike phase comprise an arc start acceleration a, an arc start wire feed increase Δ V, an arc start wire feed increase time t, an arc start wire feed increase to main weld acceleration c, and an arc strike acceleration b, wherein,
a＝K 1 *(△A) 2 +K 2 *△A+a n ；
△V＝K 3 *(△A) 2 +K 4 *△A+△V n ；
t＝K 5 *(△A) 2 +K 6 *△A+t n ；
c＝K 7 *△A+c n (ii) a And
b＝K 8 *(△A) 2 +K 9 *△A+b n ；
wherein, a n Indicating the arc starting acceleration, deltaV, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Indicating the increase in the arc ignition wire, t, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for the welding n Indicating an increased time for arc ignition wire feed, c, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Representing the increase of the arc ignition wire to the acceleration of the main weld, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for the welding, and b n Indicating the arc-extinguishing acceleration, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 1 ～K 9 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
8. The welder of claim 5 or 6, wherein the parameters related to pulse energy comprise a base current IB, a peak current IP, a peak current time T2, a pulse frequency F, wherein:
IB＝K 10 *△A+Ib n ；
IP＝K 11 *△A+IP n ；
T2＝K 12 *(△A) 2 +K 13 *△A+T2 n (ii) a And
F＝K 14 *(△A) 2 +K 15 *△A+F n ；
wherein, ib n Representing base current, IP, automatically matched according to voltage and current used for welding n Representing the peak current, T2, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding n Denotes the peak current time automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding, and F n Indicating the pulse frequency, K, automatically matched according to the voltage and current used for welding 10 ～K 15 Varying with the base metal, filler metal, and weld size.
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