CN115350883B - Emission-free surface treatment equipment and process before coating - Google Patents
Emission-free surface treatment equipment and process before coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN115350883B CN115350883B CN202211007575.7A CN202211007575A CN115350883B CN 115350883 B CN115350883 B CN 115350883B CN 202211007575 A CN202211007575 A CN 202211007575A CN 115350883 B CN115350883 B CN 115350883B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
- B05D3/102—Pretreatment of metallic substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention relates to surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating, which comprises a filtering system, a surface treatment system, a liquid supplementing system and a draining system, wherein: the filtering system is communicated with the surface treatment system and connected to the bottom of the surface treatment system, and is used for continuously filtering the tank liquor in the surface treatment system; the fluid replacement system is communicated with the surface treatment system; the draining system comprises a draining area and a draining groove, the draining area is communicated with the surface treatment system, and the draining groove is communicated with the fluid supplementing system. The invention also provides a surface treatment process before emission-free coating. By the surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating, the whole process does not need water cleaning and overflow during production, and the fixed feeding can be produced every day without discharging waste water, so that the actual emission-free process is realized, and meanwhile, the surface treatment tank of the production line only needs to be between 1 and 5, so that the production efficiency is improved by about 50 percent or more. The environment protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are truly realized from the source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, and particularly relates to surface treatment equipment and process before emission-free coating.
Background
Before the metal workpiece is coated, degreasing and film corrosion prevention treatment are required to be carried out on the surface of the metal workpiece, so that a clean surface is provided for the metal workpiece. On one hand, the clean surface has better binding force with the paint; on the other hand, the coating formed by coating on the clean surface can prolong the service life of the metal finished product.
At present, in degreasing and film corrosion prevention treatment of the surface of a metal workpiece, at least 9 tanks, 7 ceramic tanks or 6 or more silane tanks are used in the phosphating process, so that the defects of high equipment investment, low production efficiency, large wastewater amount, large occupied area and the like exist, each tank has the problem of wastewater discharge, and the pollution caused by water discharge is inevitably brought.
When the surface treatment is performed on the metal workpiece, how to avoid or reduce the generated wastewater, and further avoid or reduce the pollution caused by wastewater discharge becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating, the whole process does not need water cleaning and overflow during production, and the fixed feeding can be realized every day without discharging waste water, so that the real emission-free process is realized. The invention also provides a surface treatment process before emission-free coating.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the utility model provides a no emission before application surface treatment equipment, includes filtration system, surface treatment system, fluid replacement system and waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall system, wherein:
the filtering system is communicated with the surface treatment system and connected to the bottom of the surface treatment system, and is used for continuously filtering the bath solution in the surface treatment system;
the fluid replacement system is communicated with the surface treatment system;
the draining system comprises a draining area and a draining groove, wherein the draining area is communicated with the surface treatment system, and the draining groove is communicated with the fluid supplementing system.
Further, the surface treatment system comprises at least one surface treatment tank, and the fluid replacement system comprises an automatic feeding device which is positioned at the rear end of the surface treatment tank;
the draining area is arranged between the adjacent surface treatment tanks, the draining area is obliquely arranged, and the oblique direction is from the subsequent surface treatment tank to the preceding surface treatment tank.
Further, a sterilization system is arranged between the filtering system and the surface treatment system, and the sterilization system is used for generating ozone to sterilize the tank liquor in the surface treatment system.
Further, the inclination angle of the draining area is 4-6 degrees, and the automatic feeding device is a rotary cup spraying device or electrostatic spraying equipment.
Further, the number of the surface treatment tanks is 1-5, a spraying device is arranged in the surface treatment tanks, and the surface treatment tanks are 304 stainless steel tanks.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a non-emission pre-painting surface treatment process using the above-described non-emission pre-painting surface treatment apparatus includes the steps of:
s1: degreasing: placing the workpiece in a surface treatment system for degreasing treatment to obtain a workpiece with a clean surface after degreasing;
s2: draining: draining the groove liquid carried out from the surface treatment system on the workpiece in a draining system, and draining and refluxing the groove liquid into the surface treatment system;
s3: supplementing liquid: the surface treatment system is supplemented with the bath liquid through the night supplementing system, so that the balance of the quantity and the concentration of the bath liquid is maintained;
s4: and (3) filtering: and filtering the tank liquor in the surface treatment system to remove solid waste and grease pollutants in the tank liquor.
Further, the bath solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
anionic bath solution: 0.1-5 parts by weight of anionic water-based resin, 0.5-5 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of pH regulator, 0.1-5 parts by weight of flash rust inhibitor, 0.1-7 parts by weight of adhesion promoter and 73-98.7 parts by weight of water;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
cationic bath solution: 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of cationic resin, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of pH regulator, 0.1 to 7 parts by weight of adhesion promoter and 78 to 98.8 parts by weight of water.
Further, in the anionic bath solution:
the anionic water-based resin is resin with carboxyl, hydroxyl or NCO active groups, and the anionic resin is one or more of anionic water-based epoxy resin, anionic epoxy modified acrylic acid and anionic polyurethane resin;
the nonionic surfactant is one or more of alcohol ethers, phenol ethers, EO and PO;
the pH value regulator is an ammonia neutralizer, and the pH value regulator is one or more of ammonia water, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylamine and dimethylethanolamine;
the anti-flash rust agent is an anti-flash rust agent which has a long carbon chain segment and contains a certain acid value and can be neutralized into salt by ammonia, and the anti-flash rust agent is one or more of polycarboxylate, borate, hexadecyl sulfonate, phosphonate and gas-phase corrosion inhibitor;
the adhesion promoter is organic silicon resin and silane coupling agent;
the organic silicon resin is one or more of water-based organic silicon resin, oily organic silicon resin and organic silicon modified epoxy resin, and the dosage of the organic silicon resin is 0.1-5 parts by weight;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH-550, KH-560 and KH-792, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-2 weight percent;
the pH value of the bath solution is 7-8.
Further, in the cationic bath solution:
the cationic aqueous resin is one or two of cationic aqueous epoxy resin and cationic polyurethane resin;
the nonionic surfactant is one or more of alcohol ethers, phenol ethers, EO and PO;
the pH value regulator is organic carboxylic acid and inorganic acid, and is one or more of glacial acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, formic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, phytic acid, hydrofluoric acid and fluorozirconic acid;
the adhesion promoter is two of organic silicon resin, phosphonate or silane coupling agent;
the organic silicon resin is one or more of water-based organic silicon resin, oily organic silicon resin and organic silicon modified epoxy resin, and the dosage of the organic silicon resin is 0.1-5 parts by weight;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH-550, KH-560 and KH-792, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-2 weight percent;
the pH value of the bath solution is 3-7.
Further, the preparation steps of the bath solution are as follows:
step one: firstly, adding 1/3 of the total amount of water, and then adding a silane coupling agent, stirring and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, then adding the pH value regulator and the special surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 60 rpm;
wherein:
sequentially adding an anti-flash rust auxiliary agent, anionic resin and organic silicon resin into the anionic tank liquor, uniformly mixing and stirring, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
sequentially adding cationic resin and organic silicon resin into the cationic bath solution, uniformly mixing and stirring, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating is produced without water cleaning and overflow in the whole process, and can realize fixed feeding and no wastewater discharge in daily production, so that a real emission-free process is realized, 1-5 surface treatment tanks are required to be arranged in production, and the production efficiency is improved by about 50% or more. The environment protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are truly realized from the source.
(2) The dirt and sediment generated in the surface treatment of the workpiece are continuously filtered by a filtering system to carry out solid-liquid separation, so that the tank liquid is timely purified, and the cleaning efficiency of the surface of the workpiece is improved; continuous ozone sterilization is carried out on the pretreatment tank liquor of the production line by arranging the sterilizing device, so that the tank liquor can be maintained stable and the cleaning of the liquid medicine can be maintained. Through setting up the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall system, when setting up a plurality of surface treatment grooves, the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall district that the slope set up can be with the water that the work piece surface drips back to last surface treatment groove, makes surface treatment system when long-term continuous operation, through the total amount of the tank liquor that the fluid replacement system supplements, is less than or equal to the total amount that the working solution consumed (normal evaporation and work piece take away at every turn), can not appear unnecessary working solution and need the problem of discharging, reaches the purpose of no discharge.
(3) In the surface treatment process before emission-free coating, the tank liquor adopts a product compounded by a surfactant, a silane coupling agent, aqueous resin, an adhesion promoter and the like, so that oil stains on the surface of a workpiece can be emulsified and separated. When the invention is provided with a plurality of surface treatment tanks, the tank liquid used in each tank is the same, so that the countercurrent tank liquid among a plurality of tanks and the overflow liquid supplementing of a liquid supplementing system are all of the same formula, the pollution among the plurality of tanks caused by different tank liquid formulas is avoided, and the pretreatment efficiency on the surface of a workpiece is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a non-emission pre-painting surface treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a surface treatment process prior to emission-free coating in accordance with the present invention.
The figures are marked as follows:
11-surface treatment tank, 12-spraying device, 2-filtering system, 3-fluid supplementing system, 41-draining area, 42-draining tank and 5-sterilizing system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments for better explaining the present invention.
Non-emission pre-coating surface treatment apparatus embodiment
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a non-emission pre-painting surface treatment apparatus includes a filtration system 2, a surface treatment system, a liquid replenishment system 3, and a draining system, wherein: the filtering system 2 is circularly communicated with the surface treatment system and is connected to the bottom of the surface treatment system, and the filtering system 2 is used for continuously filtering the tank liquor in the surface treatment system; the fluid replacement system 3 is communicated with the surface treatment system; the draining system comprises a draining area 41 and a draining groove 42, wherein the draining area 41 is used for receiving groove liquid which is dripped from a workpiece, the draining area 41 is communicated with the surface treatment system, the draining groove 42 is communicated with the fluid supplementing system 3, the groove liquid in the draining area 41 can flow back into the surface treatment system, and the groove liquid in the draining groove 42 can be pumped back into the fluid supplementing system 3 through power equipment such as a pump.
According to the technical scheme, the filtering system 2, the surface treatment system, the liquid supplementing system 3 and the draining system form a circulating system, so that when the surface treatment is carried out on a workpiece by the surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating, the workpiece does not need to be washed, and the emission of wastewater in the workpiece treatment is avoided; meanwhile, after the workpiece is processed by the surface treatment system, the taken away bath solution is drained by the draining system and then flows back to the surface treatment system in a countercurrent way, so that the waste of the bath solution is reduced; through the arrangement of the filtering system 2, solid waste and oil stains in the surface treatment system can be cleaned in time, so that the tank liquor can maintain a cleaner state, and the reduction of the surface treatment efficiency of workpieces is avoided; the fresh groove liquid can be timely supplemented to the surface treatment system through overflow according to the production requirement through the liquid supplementing system 3, so that the surface treatment efficiency of the workpiece is further ensured. According to the technical scheme, the surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating can realize that fixed feeding can be realized every day without discharging waste water during production, so that a real emission-free process is realized, and environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized truly from the source.
In this embodiment, the surface treatment system comprises at least one surface treatment tank 11, and the fluid infusion system 3 comprises an automatic feeding device, which is located at the rear end of the surface treatment tank 11; the draining area 41 is arranged between the adjacent surface treatment tanks 11, and the draining area 41 is arranged obliquely in such a manner that the direction of inclination is inclined from the subsequent surface treatment tank 11 to the preceding surface treatment tank 11.
According to the technical scheme, at least one surface treatment tank 11 is arranged, so that the production efficiency can be improved by about 50% or more compared with at least 9, 7 or 6 or more of silane used in the existing phosphating process, and no wastewater is discharged; the liquid supplementing system 3 is arranged as an automatic feeding device, and can timely supplement liquid according to the production condition of a production line; by locating the automatic feeding device at the rear end of the surface treatment tank 11, the equipment can be matched, and overflow liquid supplementing from the subsequent process to the previous process can be realized without additionally arranging a liquid supplementing device; by providing the draining area 41 obliquely in such a manner that the direction of inclination is from the subsequent surface treatment tank 11 to the preceding surface treatment tank 11, the draining of the work can be reversed and the fresh tank liquid overflowed from the liquid replenishing system 3 can be replenished in sequence to the preceding step.
In the present embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a sterilization system 5, wherein the sterilization system 5 is disposed between the filtration system 2 and the surface treatment system, and the sterilization system 5 is used for generating ozone to sterilize the bath solution in the surface treatment system filtered by the filtration system 2.
In the surface treatment, the tank liquor itself contains organic matters, and the organic matters after degreasing treatment of the workpiece remain in the tank liquor, so that a large amount of microorganisms such as bacteria can grow after a long time, and the tank liquor generates a large odor such as malodor. Continuous ozone sterilization is carried out on the pretreatment tank liquor of the production line by arranging a sterilization system, so that the tank liquor can be maintained stable, and the cleaning of the liquid medicine can be maintained. The sterilization system 5 is preferably provided between the filtration system 2 and the surface treatment system, so that ozone generated by the sterilization system 5 can be sent to the surface treatment system together with the filtered bath liquid pumped by the filtration system 2, thereby improving the ozone sterilization efficiency and the ozone utilization rate.
In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the draining area 41 is 4-6 degrees, and the automatic feeding device is a rotary cup spraying device or an electrostatic spraying device. The inclination angle of the draining area 41 is preferably 5 degrees, and the water drained from the workpiece can be quickly reversed to the previous step. The automatic feeding device is a rotary cup spraying device or an electrostatic spraying device, so that fresh bath liquid can be timely replenished according to the consumption condition of the bath liquid by a production line; the total amount of the added tank liquor is less than or equal to the total amount of the consumption of the working liquor (normal evaporation and each time the workpiece is taken away) through the liquor supplementing system 3, the problem that the redundant working liquor needs to be discharged is avoided, and the purpose of no discharge is achieved.
In the embodiment, the number of the surface treatment tanks 11 is 1-5, the spraying device 12 is arranged in the surface treatment tanks 11, and the surface treatment tanks 11 are 304 stainless steel tanks. Compared with at least 9, 7 ceramic or 6 or more silane tanks used in the prior phosphating process, the number of the surface treatment tanks 11 is 1-5, the production efficiency can be improved by about 50% or more, and no waste water is discharged; compared with the soaking type surface treatment tank 11 (the tank liquid contacted with the surface of the workpiece is static, the treatment efficiency is reduced along with the soaking time), the spraying device 12 is preferably arranged in the surface treatment tank 11, the surface treatment is carried out on the workpiece through the spraying device 12, the tank liquid contacted with the surface of the workpiece can be the tank liquid which dynamically flows, and the spraying treatment has a certain impact force, so that the surface of the workpiece can be cleaned better; the surface treatment tank 11 is preferably a 304 stainless steel tank, and the surface treatment tank 11 may be made of other materials, and may store a tank solution without being corroded by the tank solution.
Surface treatment Process example before emission-free coating
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a non-emission pre-painting surface treatment process using the above-described non-emission pre-painting surface treatment apparatus includes the steps of:
s1: degreasing: placing the workpiece in a surface treatment system for degreasing treatment to obtain a workpiece with a clean surface after degreasing;
s2: draining: draining the groove liquid carried out from the surface treatment system on the workpiece in a draining system, and draining and refluxing the groove liquid into the surface treatment system;
s3: supplementing liquid: the surface treatment system is supplemented with the bath liquid through the night supplementing system, so that the balance of the quantity and the concentration of the bath liquid is maintained;
s4: and (3) filtering: and filtering the tank liquor in the surface treatment system to remove solid waste and grease pollutants in the tank liquor.
Through the emission-free surface treatment process before coating, degreasing (continuously filtering and sterilizing the tank liquor), draining and replenishing liquid, the process has no wastewater emission, and really realizes environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction from the source.
Further, the bath solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
anionic bath solution: 0.1-5 parts by weight of anionic water-based resin, 0.5-5 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of pH regulator, 0.1-5 parts by weight of flash rust inhibitor, 0.1-7 parts by weight of adhesion promoter and 73-98.7 parts by weight of water;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
cationic bath solution: 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of cationic resin, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of pH regulator, 0.1 to 7 parts by weight of adhesion promoter and 78 to 98.8 parts by weight of water.
According to different metal workpieces to be treated, the bath solution in the treatment process can be either an anionic bath solution or a cationic bath solution, and the material can be selected according to actual needs. The non-ionic surfactant is mainly used for emulsifying oil stains on the surface of a workpiece, the anti-flash rust agent is used for improving the rust resistance of a product, the pH value regulator is used for regulating the pH value of the bath solution, the anionic resin and the cationic resin are used for improving the adhesive force on the surface of the workpiece, and the adhesive force promoter is used for improving the salt spray resistance of the product. The compounded tank liquor formula can carry out efficient emulsification separation on surface oil stains.
Further, in the anionic bath solution:
the anionic water-based resin is resin with carboxyl, hydroxyl or NCO active groups, and the anionic resin is one or more of anionic water-based epoxy resin, anionic epoxy modified acrylic resin and anionic polyurethane resin;
the nonionic surfactant is one or more of alcohol ethers, phenol ethers, EO and PO;
the pH value regulator is ammonia neutralizer, and the pH value regulator is one or more of ammonia water, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylamine and dimethylethanolamine;
the anti-flash rust agent is an anti-flash rust agent which has a long carbon chain segment and contains a certain acid value and can be neutralized by ammonia to form salt, and the anti-flash rust agent is one or more of polycarboxylate, borate, hexadecyl sulfonate, phosphonate and vapor phase corrosion inhibitor;
the adhesion promoter is organic silicon resin and silane coupling agent;
the organic silicon resin is one or more of water-based organic silicon resin, oily organic silicon resin and organic silicon modified epoxy resin, and the dosage of the organic silicon resin is 0.1-5 parts by weight;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH-550, KH-560 and KH-792, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-2 weight percent;
the pH value of the bath solution is 7-8.
Further, in the cationic bath solution:
the cationic aqueous resin is one or two of cationic aqueous epoxy resin and cationic polyurethane resin;
the nonionic surfactant is one or more of alcohol ethers, phenol ethers, EO and PO;
the pH regulator is organic carboxylic acid and inorganic acid, and is one or more of glacial acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, formic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, phytic acid, hydrofluoric acid and fluorozirconic acid;
the adhesion promoter is two of organic silicon resin, phosphonate or silane coupling agent;
the organic silicon resin is one or more of water-based organic silicon resin, oily organic silicon resin and organic silicon modified epoxy resin, and the dosage of the organic silicon resin is 0.1-5 parts by weight;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH-550, KH-560 and KH-792, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-2 weight percent;
the pH value of the bath solution is 3-7.
Further, the preparation steps of the bath solution are as follows:
step one: firstly, adding 1/3 of the total amount of water, and then adding a silane coupling agent, stirring and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, then adding the pH value regulator and the special surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 60 rpm;
wherein:
sequentially adding an anti-flash rust auxiliary agent, anionic resin and organic silicon resin into the anionic tank liquor, uniformly mixing and stirring, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
sequentially adding cationic resin and organic silicon resin into the cationic bath solution, uniformly mixing and stirring, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
The surface treatment process before emission-free coating and the bath solution formulation according to the present invention are exemplified as follows.
Example 1
Anionic bath solution:
0.1 part by weight of anionic aqueous epoxy resin, 0.5 part by weight of alcohol ether nonionic surfactant, 0.5 part by weight of ammonia water, 0.1 part by weight of polycarboxylate, 0.1 part by weight of aqueous silicone resin and 0.3 part by weight of KH-792 and 73 parts by weight of water.
The preparation steps of the bath solution are as follows:
step one: firstly, adding 24 parts by weight of water, then adding 0.3 part by weight of KH-792, stirring, and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, adding 0.5 weight part of ammonia water and 0.5 weight part of alcohol ether nonionic surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 60 rpm;
then sequentially adding 0.1 part by weight of polycarboxylate, 0.1 part by weight of anionic aqueous epoxy resin and 0.1 part by weight of aqueous organic silicon resin, mixing and stirring uniformly, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
Example 2
Anionic bath solution:
3 parts by weight of anionic epoxy modified acrylic resin, 2.5 parts by weight of phenolic ether nonionic surfactant, 2 parts by weight of monoethanolamine, 4 parts by weight of boric acid esters, 3 parts by weight of oily silicone resin, and 2 parts by weight of KH550 and 81.5 parts by weight of water.
The preparation steps of the bath solution are as follows:
step one: firstly, 27.2 parts by weight of water is added, then 2 parts by weight of KH550 is added, and the mixture is stirred for hydrolysis for 1 hour, so as to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, adding 2 parts by weight of monoethanolamine and 2.5 parts by weight of phenolic ether nonionic surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at a rotating speed of 60 rpm;
then sequentially adding 4 parts by weight of boric acid esters, 3 parts by weight of anionic epoxy modified acrylic resin and 3 parts by weight of oily organic silicon resin, mixing and stirring uniformly, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
Example 3
Anionic bath solution:
1.5 parts by weight of an anionic polyurethane resin, 0.5 part by weight of EO and 2 parts by weight of a PO nonionic surfactant, 1 part by weight of diethanolamine and 1.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 2.3 parts by weight of hexadecanoates, 2.7 parts by weight of a silicone modified epoxy resin and 1.9 parts by weight of KH-550, 92.1 parts by weight of water
Step one: firstly, adding 30.7 parts by weight of water, then adding 1.9 parts by weight of KH550, stirring, and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, adding 1 part by weight of diethanolamine, 1.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 0.5 part by weight of EO and 2 parts by weight of PO nonionic surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at a rotating speed of 60 rpm;
then sequentially adding 2.3 parts by weight of hexadecanoates, 1.5 parts by weight of anionic polyurethane resin and 2.7 parts by weight of organosilicon modified epoxy resin, uniformly mixing and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
Example 4
Anionic bath solution:
2 parts by weight of anionic aqueous epoxy resin and 3 parts by weight of anionic epoxy modified acrylic resin, 0.5 part by weight of alcohol ether and 3.5 parts by weight of phenolic ether nonionic surfactant, 0.5 part by weight of triethylamine and 4.5 parts by weight of dimethylethanolamine, 1 part by weight of phosphonate and 3 parts by weight of vapor phase corrosion inhibitor, 2.2 parts by weight of oily silicone resin, 1.8 parts by weight of silicone modified epoxy resin, 1 part by weight of KH-560 and 0.8 part by weight of KH-792, 89.6 parts by weight of water
Step one: firstly, adding 30.7 parts by weight of water, then adding 1 part by weight of KH-560 and 0.8 part by weight of KH-792, stirring, and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, adding 0.5 weight part of triethylamine, 4.5 weight parts of dimethylethanolamine, 0.5 weight part of alcohol ether and 3.5 weight parts of phenol ether nonionic surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 60 rpm;
then sequentially adding 1 part by weight of phosphonate, 3 parts by weight of vapor phase corrosion inhibitor, 2 parts by weight of anionic waterborne epoxy resin, 3 parts by weight of anionic epoxy modified acrylic resin, 2.2 parts by weight of oily organic silicon resin and 1.8 parts by weight of organic silicon modified epoxy resin, uniformly mixing and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
Example 5
Cationic bath solution:
0.1 part by weight of cationic waterborne epoxy resin, 0.5 part by weight of alcohol ether nonionic surfactant, 0.5 part by weight of glacial acetic acid, 0.1 part by weight of organosilicon modified epoxy resin and 0.1 part by weight of KH560 and 78 parts by weight of water.
The preparation steps of the bath solution are as follows:
step one: firstly, adding 26 parts by weight of water, then adding 0.1 part by weight of KH560, stirring, and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, then adding 0.5 weight part of glacial acetic acid and 0.5 weight part of alcohol ether nonionic surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 60 rpm;
then sequentially adding 0.1 part by weight of cationic water-based epoxy resin and 0.1 part by weight of organic silicon modified epoxy resin, mixing and stirring uniformly, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
Example 6
Cationic bath solution:
1.3 parts by weight of an aqueous epoxy resin and 3.7 parts by weight of a cationic polyurethane resin, 2.1 parts by weight of an alcohol ether and 2.9 parts by weight of a phenolic ether nonionic surfactant, 0.5 part by weight of glacial acetic acid and 4.5 parts by weight of benzoic acid, 4.1 parts by weight of an aqueous silicone resin and 1.8 parts by weight of KH-592, 98.8 parts by weight of water.
The preparation steps of the bath solution are as follows:
step one: firstly, adding 32.9 parts by weight of water, then adding 1.8 parts by weight of KH-592, stirring, and hydrolyzing for 1 hour to obtain a material A;
step two: adding the rest water, then adding 0.5 weight part of glacial acetic acid, 4.5 weight parts of benzoic acid, 2.1 weight parts of alcohol ether and 2.9 weight parts of phenol ether nonionic surfactant, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 60 rpm;
then sequentially adding 1.3 parts by weight of aqueous epoxy resin, 3.7 parts by weight of cationic polyurethane resin and 4.1 parts by weight of aqueous organic silicon resin, mixing and stirring uniformly, and stirring at 600rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a material B;
step three: slowly adding the material A into the material B, stirring until the material A is completely dissolved and transparent, and controlling the rotating speed at 40rpm to obtain a tank liquor.
The baths prepared in examples 1 to 6 were applied to the non-emission pre-painting surface treatment process of the present invention, using the above-mentioned non-emission pre-painting surface treatment apparatus, comprising the steps of:
s1: degreasing: placing a workpiece (galvanized plate, stainless steel plate and aluminum profile are taken as examples in the invention) in a surface treatment system for degreasing treatment to obtain a workpiece with a clean surface after degreasing;
s2: draining: draining the groove liquid carried out from the surface treatment system on the workpiece in a draining system, and draining and refluxing the groove liquid into the surface treatment system;
s3: supplementing liquid: the surface treatment system is supplemented with the bath liquid through the night supplementing system, so that the balance of the quantity and the concentration of the bath liquid is maintained;
s4: and (3) filtering: and filtering the tank liquor in the surface treatment system to remove solid waste and grease pollutants in the tank liquor.
The pretreatment process adopts 2 surface treatment tanks, the room-temperature spraying tank liquor in the 1 st surface treatment tank is used for pretreatment for 60s, the room-temperature spraying tank liquor in the 2 nd surface treatment tank is used for pretreatment for 120s, and the pretreated workpiece is obtained after drying. Then spraying powder on the workpiece, performing a hundred-grid test and a neutral salt spray test, wherein the test results are as follows:
table 1: test results of spraying powder on the workpiece after pretreatment in examples 1 to 6
| Coating hundred grid test | Neutral salt spray test of coating | |
| Example 1: galvanized sheet | The coating has normal binding force and no paint drop | Not less than 500 hours |
| Example 2: stainless steel plate | The coating has normal binding force and no paint drop | Not less than 500 hours |
| Example 3: aluminium section bar | The coating has normal binding force and no paint drop | Not less than 500 hours |
| Example 4: galvanized sheet | The coating has normal binding force and no paint drop | Not less than 500 hours |
| Example 5: stainless steel plate | The coating has normal binding force and no paint drop | Not less than 500 hours |
| Example 6: aluminium section bar | The coating has normal binding force and no paint drop | Not less than 500 hours |
The powder spraying test is carried out on the work after pretreatment:
(1) Through the coating hundred-grid test, the coating binding force is normal, paint is not dropped, and the test is passed.
(2) After the test of neutral salt fog of small companies is carried out for 500 hours, the surface of the workpiece is free from pitting, cracks, foaming, discoloration, rust and the like, and the peeling of the X-dividing part coating is less than or equal to 6mm, so that the test is passed.
Tests on the coating show that the surface treatment equipment, the surface treatment process and the bath solution before the emission-free coating can enable the workpiece to be pretreated to obtain a clean surface so as to meet the requirement of subsequent coating and improve the coating efficiency and qualification rate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The surface treatment equipment before emission-free coating is produced without water cleaning and overflow in the whole process, and can realize fixed feeding and no wastewater discharge in daily production, so that a real emission-free process is realized, 1-5 surface treatment tanks are required to be arranged in production, and the production efficiency is improved by about 50% or more. The environment protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are truly realized from the source.
(2) The dirt and sediment generated in the surface treatment of the workpiece are continuously filtered by a filtering system to carry out solid-liquid separation, so that the tank liquid is timely purified, and the cleaning efficiency of the surface of the workpiece is improved; continuous ozone sterilization is carried out on the pretreatment tank liquor of the production line by arranging the sterilizing device, so that the tank liquor can be maintained stable and the cleaning of the liquid medicine can be maintained. Through setting up the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall system, when setting up a plurality of surface treatment grooves, the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall district that the slope set up can be with the water that the work piece surface drips back to last surface treatment groove, makes surface treatment system when long-term continuous operation, through the total amount of the tank liquor that the fluid replacement system supplements, is less than or equal to the total amount that the working solution consumed (normal evaporation and work piece take away at every turn), can not appear unnecessary working solution and need the problem of discharging, reaches the purpose of no discharge.
(3) In the surface treatment process before emission-free coating, the tank liquor adopts a product compounded by a surfactant, a silane coupling agent, aqueous resin, an adhesion promoter and the like, so that oil stains on the surface of a workpiece can be emulsified and separated. When the invention is provided with a plurality of surface treatment tanks, the tank liquid used in each tank is the same, so that the countercurrent tank liquid among a plurality of tanks and the overflow liquid supplementing of a liquid supplementing system are all of the same formula, the pollution among the plurality of tanks caused by different tank liquid formulas is avoided, and the pretreatment efficiency on the surface of a workpiece is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments described above are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced with equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A surface treatment process before emission-free coating is characterized in that: using a non-emission pre-painting surface treatment apparatus comprising: filtration system, surface treatment system, fluid replacement system and drainage system, wherein:
the filtering system is communicated with the surface treatment system and connected to the bottom of the surface treatment system, and is used for continuously filtering the bath solution in the surface treatment system;
the fluid replacement system is communicated with the surface treatment system;
the draining system comprises a draining area and a draining groove, the draining area is communicated with the surface treatment system, and the draining groove is communicated with the fluid supplementing system;
the surface treatment system comprises a filtering system, a sterilizing system and a water treatment system, wherein the filtering system is used for filtering liquid in the water treatment system;
the surface treatment system comprises at least one surface treatment tank, the fluid replacement system comprises an automatic feeding device, and the automatic feeding device is positioned at the rear end of the surface treatment tank;
the draining area is arranged between the adjacent surface treatment tanks, the draining area is obliquely arranged, and the oblique direction is inclined from the subsequent surface treatment tank to the preceding surface treatment tank;
the surface treatment process before the emission-free coating is carried out by using the surface treatment equipment before the emission-free coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1: degreasing: placing the workpiece in a surface treatment system for degreasing treatment to obtain a workpiece with a clean surface after degreasing;
s2: draining: draining the groove liquid carried out from the surface treatment system on the workpiece in a draining system, and draining and refluxing the groove liquid into the surface treatment system;
s3: supplementing liquid: the surface treatment system is supplemented with the bath liquid through the night supplementing system, so that the balance of the quantity and the concentration of the bath liquid is maintained;
s4: and (3) filtering: filtering the tank liquor in the surface treatment system to remove solid waste and grease pollutants in the tank liquor;
the bath solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
anionic bath solution: 0.1-5 parts by weight of anionic water-based resin, 0.5-5 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of pH regulator, 0.1-5 parts by weight of flash rust inhibitor, 0.1-7 parts by weight of adhesion promoter and 73-98.7 parts by weight of water;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
cationic bath solution: 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of cationic resin, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of pH regulator, 0.1 to 7 parts by weight of adhesion promoter and 78 to 98.8 parts by weight of water.
2. The emission-free pre-painting surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inclination angle of the water draining area is 4-6 degrees, and the automatic feeding device is a rotary cup spraying device or electrostatic spraying equipment.
3. The emission-free pre-painting surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the surface treatment tanks is 1-5, a spraying device is arranged in the surface treatment tanks, and the surface treatment tanks are 304 stainless steel tanks.
4. The emission-free pre-painting surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the anionic bath foam:
the anionic water-based resin is one or more of anionic water-based epoxy resin, anionic epoxy modified acrylic acid and anionic polyurethane resin;
the nonionic surfactant is one or two of alcohol ethers and phenol ethers;
the pH value regulator is one or more of ammonia water, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylamine and dimethylethanolamine;
the flash rust inhibitor is one or more of polycarboxylate, borate, hexadecyl sulfonate, phosphonate and vapor phase corrosion inhibitor;
the adhesion promoter is organic silicon resin and silane coupling agent;
the organic silicon resin is one or two of aqueous organic silicon resin and oily organic silicon resin, and the dosage of the organic silicon resin is 0.1-5 parts by weight;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH-550, KH-560 and KH-792, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-2 parts by weight;
the pH value of the bath solution is 7-8.
5. The emission-free pre-painting surface treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: cationic bath solution:
the cationic aqueous resin is one or two of cationic aqueous epoxy resin and cationic polyurethane resin;
the nonionic surfactant is one or two of alcohol ethers and phenol ethers;
the pH value regulator is one or more of glacial acetic acid, methylsulfonic acid, formic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, phytic acid, hydrofluoric acid and fluorozirconic acid;
the adhesion promoter is two of organic silicon resin, phosphonate or silane coupling agent;
the organic silicon resin is one or two of aqueous organic silicon resin and oily organic silicon resin, and the dosage of the organic silicon resin is 0.1-5 parts by weight;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH-550, KH-560 and KH-792, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-2 parts by weight;
the pH value of the bath solution is 3-7.
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