CN115349870A

CN115349870A - Wearable intelligent defibrillation monitoring device

Info

Publication number: CN115349870A
Application number: CN202210791262.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙雪莲; 孙璐; 张建思; 赵月环; 刘凤丽
Original assignee: Xuanwu Hospital
Current assignee: Xuanwu Hospital
Priority date: 2022-07-04
Filing date: 2022-07-04
Publication date: 2022-11-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a wearable intelligent defibrillation monitoring device, which comprises: the WCD ring belt is used for limiting the electrocardio detection and defibrillation equipment to the specific position of the patient and is detachably connected with the patient in a mode of covering an electrocardio monitoring area and a defibrillation area; the electrocardio module is used for acquiring electrocardio data; the control module is used for analyzing the detection data of the electrocardio module and controlling the defibrillation module to perform defibrillation treatment; the defibrillation module is used for providing electrical cardioversion treatment and is provided with a plurality of defibrillation electrodes, wherein the defibrillation electrodes can be electrically connected with the skin in a mode that the conductive liquid flows back and forth between the inner cavity and the outer cavity. The defibrillation electrode is limited to a target position on the skin of a patient based on the structure of the WCD annular belt and the defibrillation electrode, the connection is tight and the defibrillation electrode is suitable for long-term use; the control module is also provided with a plurality of electrical cardioversion treatment strategies aiming at different types of electrocardio states.

Description

Wearable intelligent defibrillation monitoring device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to the field of electrocardiographic monitoring and automatic defibrillation, and specifically relates to a wearable intelligent defibrillation monitoring device.

Background

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are one of the most fatal diseases in modern times, wherein, fibrillation is a high-risk disease which can cause Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) and endanger life if not treated in time, and is classified into various arrhythmia diseases according to location and characteristics, such as ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardia and the like.

Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), abbreviated as Ventricular fibrillation, is a very rapid and completely uncoordinated contractile movement of Ventricular muscles, in which the ventricles cannot mechanically contract and thus cannot function as a pump. Can be caused by various cardiovascular diseases, such as myocarditis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy and the like, arrhythmia caused by electrolyte disturbance, electric shock, anesthesia, operation and other accidental factors, and ventricular fibrillation can be caused by some arrhythmia diseases, such as frequent ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. The electrocardiogram shows that: the QRS complex and the T wave disappear to form a completely irregular wavy curve with different shapes, frequencies and amplitudes.

Ventricular Tachycardia (Ventricular Tachycardia, VT): the ventricular rate is the heart rhythm which is originated from ventricles, is spontaneous, is continuously formed by 3 or more than 3 extra-systoles with the frequency more than 100 times per minute; ventricular tachycardia is based on ventricular premature beat, and the electrocardiogram of ventricular premature beat is characterized by wide and malformed QRS wave.

Atrial Fibrillation (Atrial Fibrillation): atrial fibrillation is an arrhythmia resulting from the delivery of impulses at a rate of 350 or more times from an ectopic pacemaker in the atrium. Atrial fibrillation is divided into paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, persistent atrial fibrillation and permanent atrial fibrillation; the cause of atrial fibrillation is caused by ischemic heart diseases such as acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, and the like. Such as valvular heart disease, caused by mitral valve stenosis, mitral insufficiency, aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, and the like, and possibly primary atrial fibrillation. The electrocardiogram shows that P wave disappears and is replaced by f wave; the frequency of the f wave is 350 to 600 times/minute, and the f wave has different sizes, forms and amplitudes; the ventricular rhythm is absolutely irregular, and the ventricular rhythm is usually 100 to 160 times/minute when not treated; the QRS complex is normal in morphology and can be widely malformed when indoor differential transmission occurs.

Atrial Flutter (Atrial Flutter) is an intermediate between Atrial tachycardia and Atrial fibrillation, and causes Atrial ectopic pacepoints to have a frequency of 250-350 times/min and a regular state, so that the atria contract quickly and coordinately.

Supraventricular Tachycardia (Super Ventricular Tachycardia), abbreviated as supraventricular Tachycardia, is a series of rapid and regular QRS complexes with frequency of 160-220 times/minute, and average frequency of 200 times/minute or so. Most QRS wave groups are not widened and deformed, the shape of the QRS wave groups is kept Dou Lv, and ST-segment depression and T-wave inversion are common; however, if the complex is accompanied by bundle branch block, indoor differential conduction or pre-excitation syndrome, the QRS wave can be widened and deformed.

Aiming at the arrhythmia diseases, a cardiac defibrillator (cardioverter) is one of the rescue devices widely used in clinic, mainly comprises a control circuit, an electrocardiogram recorder, a power supply, a defibrillation electrode plate and the like, and is used for applying pulse current to the heart to implement electric shock treatment, so that arrhythmia can be eliminated, and the heart can recover sinus rhythm.

The classification into non-synchronized and synchronized defibrillators can be made according to whether the shock pulse is synchronized with the R-wave. Non-synchronized defibrillators, which are not synchronized with the patient's own R-wave during defibrillation, can be used for ventricular fibrillation or flutter. The synchronous defibrillator is synchronous with the R wave of the patient during defibrillation, and controls the distribution of current pulse by utilizing the R wave of the electrocardiosignal of the human body, so that the electric shock pulse just falls on the descending branch of the R wave instead of the excitable period, thereby avoiding the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation.

Wherein, the used electric energy of electrical cardioversion charges and discharges according to the required electric energy of different grade type arrhythmia: ventricular fibrillation is 250J-300J, and asynchronous cardioversion is realized; ventricular tachycardia is 150J-200J, atrial fibrillation is 150J-200J, atrial flutter is 80J-100J, supraventricular tachycardia is 100J, all are synchronous cardioversion.

The working state of the heart is reflected by detecting the potential difference (namely, lead) change of the electrical activity of the heart between specific two points on the body surface of the human body. The contraction and relaxation of the heart-heart rhythmicity is a dynamic source of blood circulation in blood vessels, and the excitation and excitement propagation of cardiac muscle cells are based on the bioelectrical activity of cell membranes. The whole of all the bioelectrical activity of the myocardial cell membrane constitutes the electrocardiosignal. The electrocardiogram-electrocardio signal is transmitted to the body surface through human tissues, and the electrocardiogram is formed by monitoring the signal on the body surface by using electrocardio electrodes and tracing the signal on a time axis.

Because the intervention opportunities of the electric shock pulse for ventricular fibrillation and other arrhythmia diseases are different, and different types of arrhythmia have different requirements on the energy of the electric shock pulse, the quick and accurate identification of different types of arrhythmia is particularly important, and the connection between the leads and a patient plays a key role in obtaining an accurate electrocardiogram by the arrangement method of the leads for the electrocardiogram detection.

In the electrocardiographic detection, the twelve-lead monitoring system can more accurately and timely know whether a patient has arrhythmia, the type, attack rate, occurrence time and duration of arrhythmia and the change before and after drug treatment than the traditional single-lead monitoring system, and is very important for determining the nature of arrhythmia, selecting a diagnosis treatment means and observing the treatment effect; in clinical application, when the body position of a patient changes or the electrode plate is used for a period of time, a lot of interference waves appear on the screen, and the judgment and analysis of the electrocardiogram can be influenced, so that the electrode plate is firmly and effectively electrically connected with the skin of the patient, and the electrode plate has very important significance.

In the prior art, the internal defibrillator and the external defibrillator are classified according to the position of the electrode plate. The internal defibrillator is used for defibrillation by placing the electrode in the chest to directly contact with cardiac muscle; external defibrillators are used to defibrillate indirectly by placing electrodes on the chest wall. Among the in vivo defibrillators, the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD), has been proven by a number of clinical studies to be an effective way to prevent Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD); and Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) in the external Defibrillator is suitable for more extensive prevention and treatment because it has advantages such as wearing simple and conveniently, chargeable used repeatedly, defibrillation effect are reliable.

For example, a patent with publication number CN204815373U discloses a wearable intelligent defibrillator, and the technical scheme of the patent is to arrange an electrocardio detection sensor on a wearable device, so that the sensor is tightly attached to the heart, and the following signal processing and defibrillation control are included. According to the technical scheme, the sensor is limited near the heart of the body surface only by the wearable object, the sensor is not tightly contacted with the skin around the heart, the electrocardiogram measurement position is single, the measurement precision is not high, and the electrocardiogram cannot be accurately analyzed in detail. The patent with publication number CN210541542U discloses a twelve-lead wearable electrocardiogram monitoring garment, the technical scheme of the patent arranges electrocardiogram detection sensors into twelve leads, the diversity of measurement positions can be effectively improved, but the connection of the sensors and the skin is still limited by only a wearing object.

The patent with publication number CN113616927A discloses a system and a method for remote electrocardiographic monitoring and health information management, wherein the system comprises WCD equipment, a cloud server and a client; the WCD equipment is used for monitoring the self operation information and the patient electrocardio data of the equipment in real time and sending the information to the cloud server; the cloud server is used for receiving the self-operation information of the equipment and the patient electrocardiogram data sent by the WCD equipment, establishing a patient database, and creating, modifying and sending corresponding medical information, alarm information and the like to the client; the client is based on the mobile terminal and/or the PC terminal, and is matched with the cloud server to provide service for the user. The WCD device monitors wearing information of a patient in real time and electrocardio information of the patient in real time.

In the technical scheme disclosed in the patent, the wearable cardioverter defibrillator is characterized in that electrodes of the WCD device are kept in close contact with a human body by means of the pressure of the wearable vest, the chest strap and the waist belt, the electrocardio-electrodes are arranged on the front portion of a patient, and the defibrillation electrodes are arranged on the front portion and the back portion simultaneously. Patent No. CN108289611B discloses a wearable device that can include first and second defibrillator electrode pads and a plurality of ECG sensing electrodes, the defibrillator electrode pads being connectable to the skin of a patient by an adhesive and making electrical contact based on a conductive material such as a conductive hydrogel or gel, the wearable defibrillator improving contact between the skin and the device through the layered open pore construction and the water vapor transport properties of the electrocardio-and defibrillation electrodes. The connection between the adhesive, gel and skin is liable to be detached in the case of perspiration or external disturbance, and the time becomes long, and the adhesive effect and the electrical conductivity are remarkably deteriorated, and thus it is not suitable for wearing for a long time. Patent publication No. CN108290035B discloses a conductive fluid reservoir that can be used to dispense a conductive fluid to increase the electrical connection between the electrodes of a defibrillator and the patient, the reservoir being provided with an inflatable balloon at the conductive fluid outlet to control the outflow of the conductive fluid. However, there is no connection between the deflated bladder and the opening, the conductive fluid in the container may leak from the opening due to sloshing or external pressure, and the recovery of the conductive fluid flowing out of the opening is not involved, and the conductive fluid may contaminate the electrode and affect the normal functions of other components.

In summary, the connection manner of the electrode and the wearable device in the above scheme cannot effectively limit the electrode to the target position on the skin of the human body; the connection mode of the electrode and the skin also fails to consider the difference of the electrocardio electrode and the defibrillation electrode, and a connection mode which is tight in connection and suitable for long-time coverage is not provided; different types of arrhythmia are not specifically set in the electrocardiographic detection and defibrillation treatment.

Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.

Disclosure of Invention

To address at least some of the deficiencies presented by the prior art, the present application provides a wearable intelligent defibrillation monitoring device, comprising: the WCD ring belt is used for limiting the electrocardio detection and defibrillation equipment to the specific position of the patient and is detachably connected with the patient in a mode of covering an electrocardio monitoring area and a defibrillation area; the electrocardiogram module is provided with limb leads and chest leads in a mode of carrying out electrocardiogram detection on the limbs and the chest of the patient respectively; the defibrillation module is used for providing electrical cardioversion treatment and is provided with a plurality of defibrillation electrodes in a mode of being capable of being set to a front-back or front-left defibrillation treatment mode; the control module is used for analyzing the detection data of the electrocardio module and controlling the defibrillation module to perform defibrillation treatment; the defibrillation electrode can be electrically connected with the skin of the patient in a mode that the conductive liquid flows back and forth between the inner cavity and the outer cavity.

Patients with heart diseases need to carry out long-term electrocardiographic monitoring, and critical patients need to intervene in cardioversion treatment in time. Aiming at the problem that the existing equipment can not effectively limit the electrode in the target area of the skin of the human body, the WCD girdle can adaptively cover the target area of the patient based on the adjustable structures of the central girdle, the hand girdle and the leg girdle, for example, the left adjusting part and the right adjusting part which are respectively arranged at the two sides of the central girdle can transversely adjust the central girdle, and the up-down adjusting part can vertically adjust the central girdle, so that the electrode arranged at one side of the central girdle, which is close to the skin of the patient, can accurately cover a target point of the thoracic cavity; meanwhile, the adjustable and detachable central girdle band can keep better applicability to patients with different body types, and is stable and effective in connection.

Aiming at the problem that the connection mode of the electrode and the skin does not consider the effect difference of the electrocardio electrode and the defibrillation electrode, the electrocardio module and the defibrillation module are different in the mode that the electrocardio electrode and the defibrillation electrode are electrically connected with a patient on the basis of the cooperation effect, the electrocardio electrode and the patient skin are continuously electrically connected to detect electrocardiosignals, the defibrillation electrode is electrically connected with the patient skin or is electrically connected with the patient skin in the mode that the conductive liquid flows back and forth between the inner cavity and the outer cavity, the high-energy conduction can be adapted, and the comfort of long-time use can be guaranteed.

Aiming at the problem that the electrocardio detection and the defibrillation treatment are not set specifically for different types of arrhythmia, the electrocardio module is provided with chest leads and limb leads simultaneously, and compared with the single lead setting, the electrocardio module is more accurate and comprehensive in detection of electrocardio signals; the defibrillation electrodes of the defibrillation module can be configured to different defibrillation orientations and are matched with different defibrillation strategies of the control module to carry out electrical cardioversion treatment, and compared with single arrangement, different defibrillation orientations and different defibrillation strategies can be combined to adapt to electrical cardioversion treatment schemes of various heart rate diseases.

Preferably, the device comprises a wearable WCD (WCD) girdle for defining the electrocardiograph detection and defibrillation device at a specific position of a patient, wherein the WCD girdle is detachably connected with the patient in a manner of covering an electrocardiograph monitoring area and a defibrillation area, the WCD girdle is provided with a chest girdle and a back girdle by a central girdle arranged on the upper half of the patient in a manner of respectively covering a chest area and a back area of a certain height of the patient with a heart contour as the center; the WCD band also includes a leg band and a hand band that are disposed on the patient's leg and hand, respectively.

Preferably, the device comprises an electrocardio module for electrocardio detection, the electrocardio module is provided with a limb lead and a chest lead according to a mode of carrying out electrocardio detection on the limb and the chest of the patient respectively, and the chest lead is used for measuring and monitoring the electrocardio data of the patient based on the chest electrode arranged on one side of the chest girdle close to the skin of the patient; the limb leads form an electrocardiogram detection system based on limb electrodes arranged on one sides of the leg girdle and the hand girdle, which are close to the skin of a patient, so as to obtain more comprehensive and accurate electrocardiogram data. The limb electrodes and the chest electrodes are detachably connected with the leg girdle/hand girdle and the chest girdle through the connection paste, so that the arrangement points of the electrodes can be adjusted as required.

Preferably, the device comprises a defibrillation module for performing defibrillation therapy on the patient, the defibrillation module is provided with a first defibrillation electrode, a second defibrillation electrode and a third defibrillation electrode according to the mode capable of forming different defibrillation therapy modes, wherein the first defibrillation electrode is limited in a heart area on one side of the chest belt close to the skin of the patient based on the chest belt; the second defibrillation electrode is arranged in a back area which is basically equal to the heart in height and is limited by means of a back ring belt; the third defibrillation electrode is placed in the left underarm at a location substantially level with the heart and is defined by means of a chest cuff.

Preferably, the central girdle arranged in the high region of the heart of the patient is provided with a left adjusting part and a right adjusting part at the contact position of the chest girdle and the back girdle, and the left adjusting part is arranged in the left axillary region of the patient in a mode of respectively transversely adjusting the chest girdle and the back girdle; the right adjusting part is arranged in the right underarm area of the patient in a mode that the chest girdle and the back girdle can be transversely adjusted; the positions of the electrocardio module and the defibrillation module which are arranged on the chest girdle and the back girdle can be adjusted according to requirements, and the chest girdle and the back girdle are limited in an area with the same height with the heart of the patient in a mode of transversely adjusting the chest girdle and the back girdle by the left adjusting part and the right adjusting part.

Preferably, the central girdle further comprises an upper and lower adjusting portion for adjusting the arrangement height of the central girdle on the body of the patient, the upper and lower adjusting portion is provided with an upper adjusting belt and a lower adjusting belt in a manner of being capable of respectively changing the contact tightness degree of the upper edge and the lower edge of the central girdle with the body of the patient, so that the upper adjusting belt and the lower adjusting belt can change the surrounding size of the upper edge and the lower edge of the central girdle based on the adjusting action on the central girdle and match the left adjusting portion and the right adjusting portion to meet the fastening requirement that the central girdle moves up and down on the body of the patient.

Preferably, at least one of the left adjusting part, the right adjusting part, the upper adjusting belt, the lower adjusting belt, the hand adjusting belt and the leg adjusting belt is provided with a positioning reference mark, and the positioning reference mark is arranged according to the set scale or the mark with regular change in the way that the adjusting degree and the position can be recorded, so that the positioning reference mark can assist the wearing and the fastening of the WCD girdle band.

When the central girdle band is arranged on the body of a patient for the first time, the electrocardio module and the defibrillation module are not arranged, and the central girdle band respectively limits the chest girdle band and the back girdle band at the positions which are basically consistent with the height of the heart of the patient through the matching of the left adjusting part and the right adjusting part with the upper adjusting band and the lower adjusting band; when the central girdle band basically covers the position of the patient for arranging the electrocardio module and the defibrillation module and the fastening force of the central girdle band on the body of the patient is proper, a positioning mark is arranged on the surface of the central girdle band to record the arrangement positions of the electrocardio electrode and the defibrillation electrode around the chest cavity, and the data of the positioning reference marks of the left adjusting part, the right adjusting part, the upper adjusting band and the lower adjusting band are recorded; the method comprises the following steps of (1) removing a central girdle, arranging an electrocardio-electrode and a defibrillation electrode on one side of the central girdle, which is in contact with the skin of a patient, based on a positioning mark, wherein the electrocardio-electrode and the defibrillation electrode can be connected with the central girdle based on a connection paste; the central girdle band which is provided with the electrocardio-electrode and the defibrillation electrode is connected with the patient again, so that the arrangement positions of the electrocardio-module and the defibrillation module in the central module can be accurately adjusted, and the electrocardio-module and the defibrillation module can also be adjusted to adapt to the wearing of different patients.

Preferably, the leg cuff and the hand cuff for defining the limb electrode are provided with a leg adjustment strap and a hand adjustment strap, respectively, in a manner capable of stretching or contracting, so that the leg cuff and the hand cuff can change the enclosure size based on the leg adjustment strap and the hand adjustment strap, so that the leg cuff and the hand cuff can adapt to different limb positions of different sizes or limbs of different patients.

Preferably, when the device performs electrocardiographic detection and defibrillation treatment on a patient, the electrocardiograph module and the defibrillation module need to be reliably electrically connected with the body of the patient. At least one of the first defibrillation electrode, the second defibrillation electrode and the third defibrillation electrode comprises an electrode shell for accommodating the electrode component and forming a protective housing such that the electrode shell is capable of transferring pressure to an attachment ring of the electrode shell in contact with the skin based on a shell-like structure with a cavity against external pressure; the electrode shell is provided with inner chamber and outer chamber that the layering set up in inner space according to the mode that conducting liquid can make a round trip to flow, and wherein, the inner chamber sets up in outer chamber and is close to patient's skin one side according to the direct mode with skin contact of inner space of inner chamber, and the outer chamber is connected with the inner chamber according to the mode that can hold conducting liquid and discharge the conducting liquid into the inner chamber through at least one conducting liquid runner based on air pressure, for example, the outer chamber volume can be greater than the volume of inner chamber for partial conducting liquid in the outer chamber can be full of the inner chamber.

Aiming at the problems that the electrode is not firmly connected with the skin of a patient and is not suitable for long-term use, the defibrillation electrode of the application establishes changeable electrical connection with the skin of the patient based on the flowable conductive liquid, for example, when electrocardiographic detection data is kept normal for a long time, the defibrillation electrode can enable the conductive liquid in the inner cavity to flow back to the outer cavity, discomfort caused by the fact that the conductive liquid infiltrates the skin of the patient for a long time is avoided, when the electrocardiographic detection data is abnormal, the conductive liquid is transferred to the inner cavity from the outer cavity, and the electrode plate arranged in the inner cavity can be re-established with the skin of the patient; and the defibrillation electrode can transfer the conductive liquid from the outer cavity to the inner cavity in advance based on the signal of the control module, and because the actual size of the inner cavity is smaller, when the electrocardiosignal does not completely reach the requirement of defibrillation treatment, the electrical connection is established, so that the transfer of the conductive liquid is avoided, and the time of electrical cardioversion treatment is delayed.

Preferably, the electrode pad of the first defibrillation electrode arranged in the lumen conforms to the skin of the patient with the first defibrillation electrode being confined to the surface of the patient's skin based on the action of the central annulus. The edge of the contact surface of the inner cavity and the skin is provided with an attachment ring for keeping the electrode shell and the skin to be tightly attached, and the attachment ring is configured into a double-layer annular structure in a mode that an inner ring and an outer ring which are arranged at different radial distances from the center of the inner cavity can surround to form a vacuum ring with a hollow inner part.

Preferably, the surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring, which are in contact with the skin, are provided with a plurality of micropores through which adhesion liquid can permeate, the micropores are connected with an adhesion liquid storage cavity based on an adhesion liquid flow channel, so that the adhesion liquid can be conveyed to the micropores under the capillary action of the adhesion liquid flow channel and infiltrate the surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring, which are in contact with the skin, so that the inner ring and the outer ring can be tightly attached to the skin based on the adhesion liquid and form a vacuum ring isolated from air, wherein, under the condition that the vacuum ring forms an independent space based on the inner ring and the outer ring, the vacuum pump can configure the vacuum ring into a closed space with a certain vacuum degree in a vacuum pumping manner, so that the electrode shell can be further attached to the surface of the skin of a patient based on the pressure difference between atmospheric pressure and the vacuum ring, and the combined action of the inner ring, the outer ring and the vacuum ring can also ensure the tightness of the attachment of the inner cavity and the skin, so that the inner cavity can contain the conductive liquid without leakage.

Preferably, the attachment ring and the vacuum ring made of the material with both flexibility and toughness can be well attached to the skin surface of a patient, and good attachment force can be still kept under the condition that the attachment position is not flat. Under the attaching effect of the inner cavity and the skin based on the attachment ring and the vacuum ring, the gas pump applies gas to the outer cavity containing the conductive liquid through the outer cavity inflation valve and the outer cavity inflation channel, so that the conductive liquid is transferred to the inner cavity through the conductive liquid flow channel and the control valve under the action of gas extrusion and is filled in the inner cavity, the air in the inner cavity is discharged out of the inner cavity through the inner cavity inflation channel and the inner cavity inflation valve, so that the electrode plate arranged in the inner cavity can establish effective electric connection between the conductive liquid filled in the inner cavity and the skin, wherein the control valve, the outer cavity inflation valve and the inner cavity inflation valve are opened/closed when the pressure difference between the two sides is greater than or less than the pressure difference threshold value, and the outer cavity inflation channel and the inner cavity inflation channel are respectively provided with at least one hydrophobic membrane at the joint of the outer cavity and the outer cavity so that the air can pass through but the conductive liquid cannot pass through.

Preferably, after the defibrillation module finishes electric shock, the air pump discharges air into the inner cavity through the inner cavity air charging channel and the inner cavity inflation valve, so that the conductive liquid in the inner cavity is discharged back to the outer cavity through the conductive liquid flow channel and the control valve under the pressure of the air, and the air in the outer cavity is discharged out of the outer cavity through the outer cavity air charging channel and the outer cavity inflation valve, so that the conductive liquid is kept in the outer cavity by the defibrillation module when the defibrillation module does not work, and the comfort of long-term wearing is enhanced.

Preferably, the vacuum ring is provided with a first pressure sensor for acquiring the vacuum degree of the vacuum ring, and when the vacuum degree detected by the first pressure sensor is smaller than a vacuum degree threshold value, the vacuum pump is automatically started to reduce the pressure in the vacuum ring; the inner cavity and the outer cavity are provided with a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor, when the inflation pressure of the inner cavity or the outer cavity reaches a first pressure threshold value, the gas pump stops working, the pressure difference between the two sides of the first inflation valve, the control valve and the second inflation valve is gradually reduced to be lower than the pressure difference threshold value, and the first inflation valve, the control valve and the second inflation valve are closed.

Preferably, the electrical connection between the ecg module and the skin is established in a manner that is simple and consistent with the structure of the defibrillation module. For example, at least one of the limb electrode and the chest electrode is provided with an electrocardio-electrode shell for accommodating an electrocardioelectrode slice, a conducting liquid storage cavity for accommodating conducting liquid is arranged in the electrocardio-electrode shell, and the conducting liquid storage cavity conveys the conducting liquid to the position where the electrocardioelectrode slice is contacted with the skin through the capillary action of a capillary hole connected with the conducting liquid storage cavity, so that the limb electrode/the chest electrode which is attached to the skin under the limitation of the leg girdle/the hand girdle/the central girdle is electrically connected with the skin.

The present application further provides a defibrillation electrode suitable for long-term use, the defibrillation electrode comprising an electrode shell for housing an electrode component and forming a protective housing, the electrode shell being capable of resisting external pressure, based on a shell-like structure with a cavity, to transmit the pressure to an attachment ring where the electrode shell is in contact with the skin; the electrode shell is provided with an inner cavity and an outer cavity which are arranged in a layered mode in the inner space in a back-and-forth flowing mode according to a conducting liquid, wherein the inner cavity is arranged on one side, close to the skin of a patient, of the outer cavity in a mode that the inner space of the inner cavity is directly contacted with the skin, the outer cavity is connected with the inner cavity in a mode that the conducting liquid can be contained and is discharged into the inner cavity through at least one conducting liquid flow passage based on air pressure, an attachment ring used for keeping the electrode shell and the skin to be tightly attached is arranged on the edge of the contact surface of the inner cavity and the skin, and the attachment ring is configured into a double-layer annular structure in a mode that an inner ring and an outer ring which are arranged at different radial distances from the center of the inner cavity can surround to form an inner hollow vacuum ring.

The application also provides a monitoring method of the wearable intelligent defibrillation device, which comprises one or more of the following steps: the control module is electrically connected with the electrocardio module in a mode of respectively acquiring detection data of a limb electrode and a chest electrode of the electrocardio module; the control module is electrically connected with the defibrillation module in a mode of sending an electric shock signal to the defibrillation module according to the defibrillation strategy; the calculating unit establishes an electrocardiogram of the patient according to the real-time detection data of the electrocardiogram module and the historical electrocardiogram data of the storage unit, judges the current electrocardiogram states from a first state to an eighth state according to electrocardiogram characteristics, and the control module formulates defibrillation strategies at least comprising a first strategy to an eighth strategy according to the first state to the eighth state; under the condition that the calculating unit continuously acquires current electrocardiogram data and historical electrocardiogram data and continuously analyzes the current electrocardiogram data and the historical electrocardiogram data, different defibrillation strategies are respectively adopted to perform electrical cardioversion treatment on a patient when the patient is in different electrocardiogram states; the control module comprises a positioning unit for determining the real-time position of a patient and an energy management unit for managing the electric energy required by defibrillation treatment, and the energy management unit can output electric shock signals with different energies to the defibrillation module according to different defibrillation strategies; when the transition time of the electrocardio state from the first state to the third state to the seventh state is greater than or equal to a first time threshold value, the defibrillation module preferentially adopts the front and rear positions to carry out electric shock defibrillation; when the transition time from the first state to the third state to the seventh state is less than the first time threshold, the defibrillation module preferentially adopts the front left position to perform electric shock defibrillation.

Preferably, the equipment comprises a control module for analyzing the detection data of the electrocardio module and controlling the defibrillation module to perform defibrillation treatment, wherein the control module is electrically connected with the electrocardio module in a mode of respectively acquiring the detection data of the limb electrode and the chest electrode of the electrocardio module; the control module establishes electrical connection according to a mode that an electric shock signal can be respectively sent to a first defibrillation electrode, a second defibrillation electrode and a third defibrillation electrode of the defibrillation module according to a defibrillation strategy.

Preferably, the control module comprises a storage unit for recording historical electrocardiographic data, the storage unit is electrically connected with the calculation unit, the calculation unit can form an electrocardiogram based on real-time detection data of the electrocardiographic module and the historical electrocardiographic data of the storage unit and send the electrocardiogram to the storage unit for storage, the storage unit and the calculation unit are electrically connected with the communication unit, the communication unit can transmit data transmitted by the storage unit or the calculation unit to the monitoring module based on wireless communication or wired mode, and the monitoring module at least comprises one or more of an intelligent watch worn on the hand of a patient, a monitoring terminal carried by a guardian and a cloud server.

Preferably, the control module comprises a positioning unit for determining the real-time position of the patient and an energy management unit for managing the electric energy required by the defibrillation therapy, and the energy management unit can output a shock signal with certain energy to the defibrillation module according to different defibrillation strategies.

Preferably, the calculation unit establishes an electrocardiogram of the patient according to the real-time detection data of the electrocardiogram module and the historical electrocardiogram data of the storage unit, judges the current electrocardiogram states from the first state to the eighth state according to electrocardiogram characteristics, and the control module makes a defibrillation strategy at least comprising a first strategy to an eighth strategy according to the first state to the eighth state; wherein the first state is a normal sinus rhythm state; the second state is a ready state slightly deviating from sinus rhythm; the third state is a ventricular fibrillation state; the fourth state is a ventricular tachycardia state; the fifth state is an atrial fibrillation state; the sixth state is an atrial flutter state; the seventh state is a supraventricular tachycardia state; the eighth state is a state that has been treated by defibrillation but has not yet fully restored sinus rhythm.

Preferably, under the condition that the calculating unit continuously acquires the current electrocardiogram data and the historical electrocardiogram data and continuously analyzes the current electrocardiogram data and the historical electrocardiogram data, different defibrillation strategies are respectively adopted to perform electrical cardioversion treatment on the patient when the patient is currently in different electrocardiogram states.

Preferably, the defibrillation module is arranged in two ways, the first is called front-back position, namely, a defibrillation electrode pad is placed in the lower scapular region of the back; the other defibrillation electrode is placed at the level of 3-4 intercostals at the left edge of the sternum, and is suitable for the conditions of electric energy saving, few potential complications and selective electrical cardioversion. The second is called front left position, the first defibrillation electrode plate is placed between 2-3 ribs (bottom of heart) on the right edge of the sternum, and the second defibrillation electrode plate is placed between the 5 th rib (apex of heart) in the front line of the left axilla, which is suitable for the emergency electric shock defibrillation.

Preferably, the first defibrillation electrode and the second defibrillation electrode of the defibrillation module form a front position and a back position, the first defibrillation electrode and the third defibrillation electrode form a front left position, and when the transition time from the first state to the third state to the seventh state of the electrocardiogram state is greater than or equal to a first time threshold value, the defibrillation module preferentially adopts the front position and the back position to perform electric shock defibrillation; when the transition time from the first state to the third state to the seventh state is less than the first time threshold, the defibrillation module preferentially adopts the front left position to perform electric shock defibrillation.

Preferably, when the calculating unit judges that the electrocardio state changes from the first state to the second state and the change time is greater than or equal to a second time threshold value, the control module controls the defibrillation module to enter a pre-working state with first power, the vacuum pump and the gas pump start to operate, and the conductive liquid enters the inner cavity, so that the electrode plate is electrically connected with the skin; when the calculating unit judges that the electrocardio state changes from the first state to the second state and the change time is smaller than the second time threshold value, the control module controls the defibrillation module to enter a pre-working state with second power, the vacuum pump and the gas pump start to operate, and the conductive liquid enters the inner cavity in an accelerated manner, so that faster electrical connection is established between the electrode plate and the skin.

Preferably, when the electrocardiogram state is in the eighth state, the control module controls the defibrillation module to keep a pre-working state of establishing the electrical connection; when the time for recovering the electrocardio state from the second state to the eighth state to the first state is greater than the third time threshold, the control module controls the defibrillation module to discharge the conductive liquid in the inner cavity back to the outer cavity, and the defibrillation module finishes the pre-working state.

Preferably, under the condition that the computing unit of the control module generates an electrocardiogram based on the current electrocardiogram data and the historical electrocardiogram data and performs continuous analysis, the control module transmits the current electrocardiogram data and the electrocardiogram to the cloud server of the monitoring module through the communication module for backup storage; under the condition that the current electrocardio state is judged to be in the third state to the seventh state by the computing module, the control module simultaneously sends the current positioning data, the electrocardio data, the electrocardiogram, the electrocardio state and the defibrillation strategy information to a remote server, an intelligent watch and a monitoring terminal of the monitoring module, and the intelligent watch sends an early warning signal to a patient in a vibration or light mode to remind the patient to keep the exercise state as far as possible or stop the exercise state so as to keep peaceful and stable; the monitoring terminal may alert a monitoring or medical person to the patient state and prepare to enter intervention to provide assistance.

Preferably, the smart watch and the monitoring terminal can call a remote server at any time to check current electrocardiogram data, electrocardiogram and historical electrocardiogram data; when the time from the third state to the seventh state of the electrocardio state is judged to be greater than the fourth time threshold value by the calculation module, the control module sends alarm confidence to the intelligent watch and the monitoring terminal based on the communication unit and informs medical staff of intervention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a simplified overall front-side schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a simplified rear side structural schematic of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a central annulus configuration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the leg cuff and hand cuff structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode configuration of an ECG module in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode configuration of a defibrillation module in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control connection of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

List of reference numerals

100: a WCD loop band; 101: a central annulus; 1011: a left adjustment section; 1012: a right adjustment section; 1013: a chest girdle; 1014: a back girdle; 1015: an up-down adjusting part; 1016: positioning a reference mark; 1017: an upper adjustment belt; 1018: a lower adjustment belt; 102: a leg cuff; 1021: a leg adjustment strap; 103: a hand girdle; 1031: a hand adjustment strap; 200: the electrocardio module 201: connecting limbs; 2011: a limb electrode; 202: chest leads; 2021: a chest electrode; 2022: an electrocardio-electrode shell; 2023: a conductive liquid storage chamber; 2024: capillary pores; 2025: an electrocardioelectrode plate; 203: connecting pastes; 300: a defibrillation module; 301: a first defibrillation electrode; 3010: an electrode case; 3011: an inner cavity; 3012: an outer cavity; 3013: an attachment ring; 3014: an outer ring; 3015: an inner ring; 3016: a vacuum ring; 3017: micropores; 3018: an adhering liquid storage chamber; 3019: an adhesion liquid flow channel; 3020: a control valve; 3021: a conductive liquid flow passage; 3022: an inner cavity is filled with an air channel; 3023: an inner cavity inflation valve; 3024: an outer cavity air charging passage; 3025: an outer cavity inflation valve; 3026: a gas pump; 3027: a hydrophobic membrane; 3028: a vacuum pump; 3029: an electrode sheet; 302: a second defibrillation electrode; 303: a third defibrillation electrode; 400: a control module; 401: a calculation unit; 402: a storage unit; 403: a communication unit; 404: a positioning unit; 405: an energy management unit; 500: a monitoring module; 501: a smart watch; 502: a monitoring terminal; 503: and a cloud server.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a wearable intelligent defibrillation monitoring apparatus, comprising a wearable WCD (100), wherein the WCD (100) for confining an electrocardiographic detection and defibrillation apparatus to a specific position of a patient is detachably connected to the patient in a manner of covering an electrocardiographic monitoring region and a defibrillation region, wherein the WCD (100) is provided with a chest strap 1013 and a back strap 1014 through a central strap (101) arranged on the upper body of the patient in a manner of covering a certain height of the chest region and the back region of the patient centered on a heart contour line; WCD loop 100 also includes a leg loop 102 and a hand loop 103 that are disposed on the patient's leg and hand, respectively.

The device comprises an electrocardio module 200 for electrocardio detection, wherein the electrocardio module 200 is provided with a limb lead 201 and a chest lead 202 according to a mode of carrying out electrocardio detection on the limb and the chest of a patient respectively, and the chest lead 202 carries out measurement and monitoring on the electrocardio data of the patient based on a chest electrode 2021 which is arranged on one side of a chest ring belt 1013 close to the skin of the patient; the limb lead 201 forms an electrocardiogram detection system based on the limb electrodes 2011 arranged on the side, close to the skin of the patient, of the leg ring belt 102 and the hand ring belt 103 so as to obtain more comprehensive and accurate electrocardiogram data. The limb electrode 2011 and the chest electrode 2021 are detachably connected to the leg cuff 102/hand cuff 103 and the chest cuff 1013 by the connection patch 203 so that the arrangement points of the electrodes can be adjusted as needed.

The device comprises a defibrillation module 300 for performing defibrillation therapy on a patient, the defibrillation module 300 being provided with a first defibrillation electrode 301, a second defibrillation electrode 302 and a third defibrillation electrode 303 in such a way that different defibrillation therapy modes can be formed, wherein, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first defibrillation electrode 301 is defined in the region of the heart on the side of the chest belt 1013 near the skin of the patient on the basis of the chest belt 1013; the second defibrillation electrode 302 is arranged in a back region substantially level with the heart and is defined by means of a back cuff 1014; the third defibrillation electrode 303 is placed in the left underarm substantially level with the heart and is defined by means of a chest cuff 1013.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the central belt 101 disposed in the high region of the patient's heart is provided with a left adjustment part 1011 and a right adjustment part 1012 at the position where the chest belt 1013 and the back belt 1014 contact, the left adjustment part 1011 being disposed in the left underarm region of the patient in such a manner as to be able to laterally adjust the chest belt 1013 and the back belt 1014, respectively; the right adjustment portion 1012 is disposed in the right underarm region of the patient in such a manner as to enable lateral adjustment of the chest cuff 1013 and the back cuff 1014; so that the electrocardiograph module 200 and the defibrillation module 300 can be adjusted as needed to be arranged at the position of the chest belt 1013 and the back belt 1014, and the chest belt 1013 and the back belt 1014 are limited to the areas with the same height as the heart of the patient by means of the lateral adjustment of the left adjustment part 1011 and the right adjustment part 1012.

Preferably, the central band 101 further includes an up-down adjusting portion 1015 for adjusting the height of the central band 101 arranged on the patient's body, and the up-down adjusting portion 1015 arranges an upper adjusting belt 1017 and a lower adjusting belt 1018 in such a manner that the contact tightness of the upper edge and the lower edge of the central band 101 with the patient's body can be changed, respectively, so that the upper adjusting belt 1017 and the lower adjusting belt 1018 can change the surrounding size of the upper edge and the lower edge of the central band 101 based on the adjusting action on the central band 101 and cooperate with the left adjusting portion 1011 and the right adjusting portion 1012 to meet the fastening requirement that the central band 101 moves up and down on the patient's body.

Preferably, at least one of the left adjustment portion 1011, the right adjustment portion 1012, the upper adjustment strap 1017, the lower adjustment strap 1018, the hand adjustment strap 1031, and the leg adjustment strap 1021 is provided with a positioning reference mark 1016, and the positioning reference mark 1016 is arranged in such a manner that the set scale or regularly changing mark can register the degree and position of adjustment, so that the positioning reference mark 1016 can assist in the wearing and fastening of the WCD loop strap 100.

Preferably, when the central belt 101 is arranged on the patient for the first time, the electrocardiogram module 200 and the defibrillation module 300 are not arranged, and the central belt 101 respectively limits the chest belt 1013 and the back belt 1014 to positions substantially corresponding to the height of the heart of the patient through the left adjusting part 1011 and the right adjusting part 1012 in cooperation with the upper adjusting belt 1017 and the lower adjusting belt 1018; when the central girdle 101 basically covers the position of the patient where the electrocardio-module 200 and the defibrillation module 300 are arranged and the fastening strength of the central girdle 101 on the body of the patient is proper, positioning marks are arranged on the surface of the central girdle 101 to record the arrangement positions of the electrocardio-electrodes and the defibrillation electrodes around the thoracic cavity, and data of positioning reference marks 1016 of a left adjusting part 1011, a right adjusting part 1012, an upper adjusting belt 1017 and a lower adjusting belt 1018 are recorded; the central girdle 101 is unfastened, the electrocardio-electrodes and the defibrillation-electrodes are arranged on the side, which is in contact with the skin of the patient, of the central girdle 101 based on the positioning marks, and the electrocardio-electrodes and the defibrillation-electrodes can be connected with the central girdle 101 based on the connection paste 203; the central ring belt 101 with the electrocardio-electrodes and the defibrillation electrodes is connected with the patient again, so that the arrangement positions of the electrocardio-module 200 and the defibrillation module 300 in the central module can be accurately adjusted, and the electrocardio-module can also be adjusted to adapt to wearing of different patients.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the leg zone 102 and the hand zone 103 for defining the limb electrodes 2011 are provided with a leg adjustment strap 1021 and a hand adjustment strap 1031, respectively, in a manner that can be stretched or contracted, so that the leg zone 102 and the hand zone 103 can change the surrounding size based on the leg adjustment strap 1021 and the hand adjustment strap 1031, so that the leg zone 102 and the hand zone 103 can be adapted to different limb positions of different sizes or limbs of different patients. For example, the leg adjusting strap 1021 and the hand adjusting strap 1031 may be configured such that an elastic strap with a male hook-and-loop fastener passes through a buckle and is reversely lapped on a female hook-and-loop fastener provided on the adjusting strap or the loop strap, or may be configured such that an adjusting strap with a texture on one side passes through a buckle, and when the adjusting strap is tightened on the loop strap, a switch of the buckle is defined by matching with the texture of the adjusting strap.

Preferably, the ecg module 200 and the defibrillation module 300 need to establish a reliable electrical connection with the patient's body when the device is performing ecg and defibrillation therapies on the patient. As shown in fig. 6, at least one of the first, second, and

third defibrillation electrodes

301, 302, 303 includes an electrode shell 3010 for housing the electrode components and forming a protective enclosure so that the electrode shell 3010 can withstand external pressure and transmit the pressure to an attachment ring 3013 where the electrode shell 3010 contacts the skin; the electrode shell 3010 is provided with an inner cavity 3011 and an outer cavity 3012 which are layered in an inner space in such a manner that the conductive liquid can flow back and forth, wherein the inner cavity 3011 is provided on a side of the outer cavity 3012 close to the skin of the patient in such a manner that the inner space of the inner cavity 3011 directly contacts with the skin, the outer cavity 3012 is connected to the inner cavity 3011 in such a manner that the conductive liquid can be contained and discharged into the inner cavity 3011 through at least one conductive liquid flow channel 3021 based on air pressure, for example, the volume of the outer cavity 3012 may be larger than the volume of the inner cavity 3011, so that part of the conductive liquid in the outer cavity 3012 may fill the inner cavity 3011.

Preferably, with the first defibrillation electrode 301 defined on the surface of the patient's skin based on the action of the central cuff 101, the electrode pads 3029 of the first defibrillation electrode 301 disposed within the internal cavity 3011 conform to the patient's skin. An attachment ring 3013 for keeping the electrode shell 3010 tightly attached to the skin is disposed on the edge of the skin contact surface of the inner cavity 3011, and the attachment ring 3013 is configured to be a double-layer ring-shaped structure in such a manner that an inner ring 3015 and an outer ring 3014, which are disposed at different radial distances from the center of the inner cavity 3011, can surround a vacuum ring 3016 having a hollow interior.

Preferably, the inner ring 3015 and the outer ring 3014 are provided with a plurality of micropores 3017 through which the adhesive liquid can permeate, the micropores 3017 are connected to the adhesive liquid storage cavity 3018 based on the adhesive liquid channel 3019, so that the adhesive liquid can be transported to the micropores 3017 by capillary action of the adhesive liquid channel 3019 and infiltrate the surface of the inner ring 3014 in contact with the skin, so that the inner ring 3015 and the outer ring 3014 can tightly adhere to the skin based on the adhesive liquid and form a vacuum ring 3016 isolated from the air, wherein, in the case that the vacuum ring 3016 forms an independent space based on the inner ring 3015 and the outer ring 3014, the vacuum pump 3028 can configure the vacuum ring 3016 with a closed space having a certain vacuum degree by vacuumizing the vacuum way in the vacuum ring 3016, so that the electrode shell 3010 can further adhere to the skin surface of the patient based on the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the vacuum ring 3016, and the combined action of the inner ring 3015, the outer ring 3014 and the vacuum ring 3016 will also ensure the tightness of the inner cavity 3011 to the skin, so that the inner cavity 3011 can contain the conductive liquid without leakage.

Preferably, the attachment ring 3013 and the vacuum ring 3016 made of flexible and tough materials can be well attached to the skin surface of a patient, and can maintain good adhesion even if the attachment is not flat. Under the attaching action of the attachment ring 3013 and the vacuum ring 3016 on the inner cavity 3011, the air pump 3026 applies air to the outer cavity 3012 containing conductive liquid through the outer cavity inflation valve 3025 and the outer cavity inflation channel 3024, so that the conductive liquid is transferred to the inner cavity 3011 through the conductive liquid flow channel 3021 and the control valve 3020 under the action of air compression and fills the inner cavity 3011, the air in the inner cavity 3011 is exhausted from the inner cavity 3011 through the inner cavity inflation channel 3022 and the inner cavity inflation valve 3023, so that the electrode pad 3029 arranged in the inner cavity 3011 can establish effective electrical connection with the skin based on the conductive liquid filling the inner cavity 3011, wherein the control valve 3020, the outer cavity inflation valve 3025 and the inner cavity inflation valve 3023 are opened/closed when the pressure difference between the two sides is greater than/smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, and the outer cavity inflation channel 3024 and the inner cavity inflation channel 3022 are respectively provided with at least one hydrophobic film 3027 at the connection point of the outer cavity 3012 and the inner cavity 3011, so that the air can pass through the hydrophobic film 3027, and the conductive liquid cannot pass through.

Preferably, after the defibrillation module 300 has finished the shock, the air pump 3026 exhausts air to the internal cavity 3011 through the internal cavity inflation channel 3022 and the internal cavity inflation valve 3023, so that the conductive liquid in the internal cavity 3011 is exhausted back to the external cavity 3012 through the conductive liquid flow channel 3021 and the control valve 3020 under the pressure of the air, and the air in the external cavity 3012 is exhausted out of the external cavity 3012 through the external cavity inflation channel 3024 and the external cavity inflation valve 3025, so that the defibrillation module 300 maintains the conductive liquid in the external cavity 3012 during non-operation to enhance the comfort of long-term wearing.

Preferably, the vacuum ring 3016 is provided with a first pressure sensor for acquiring a vacuum degree of the vacuum ring 3016, and when the vacuum degree detected by the first pressure sensor is less than a vacuum degree threshold value, the vacuum pump 3028 is automatically started to reduce the pressure in the vacuum ring 3016; the inner cavity 3011 and the outer cavity 3012 are provided with a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor, when the inflation pressure of the inner cavity 3011 or the outer cavity 3012 reaches a first pressure threshold, the air pump 3026 stops working, the pressure difference between the two sides of the first inflation valve, the control valve 3020 and the second inflation valve gradually decreases to be below the pressure difference threshold, and the first inflation valve, the control valve 3020 and the second inflation valve are closed.

Preferably, the manner in which the ecg module 200 establishes electrical connection with the skin can be readily configured with reference to the structure of the defibrillation module 300. For example, as shown in fig. 5, at least one of the limb electrode 2011 and the chest electrode 2021 is provided with an electrocardiograph electrode housing 2022 for accommodating an electrocardiograph electrode slice 2025, a conductive liquid storage chamber 2023 for accommodating conductive liquid is arranged inside the electrocardiograph electrode housing 2022, and the conductive liquid storage chamber 2023 transports the conductive liquid to a position where the electrocardiograph electrode slice 2025 contacts with the skin through the capillary action of a capillary hole 2024 connected to the conductive liquid storage chamber 2023, so that the limb electrode 2011/the chest electrode 2021 which is attached to the skin under the limitation of the leg loop belt 102/the hand loop belt 103/the central loop belt 101 is electrically connected with the skin.

Preferably, the limb electrodes 2011 and the chest electrodes 2021 may be arranged in a twelve lead arrangement, i.e.: the electrocardiogram and lead wires are divided into 5 colors of red, yellow, green, black and white, and the white is divided into 10 wires of C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6; the red is connected with the right upper limb, the yellow is connected with the left upper limb, the green is connected with the left lower limb, the black is connected with the right lower limb, and each lead of the white lead wire is connected with the corresponding lead in front of the chest. The specific placing positions are as follows:

limb lead 201: the right upper limb of the limb lead I is connected with a negative electrode, and the left upper limb is connected with a positive electrode. The limb lead II is connected with the right upper limb by a negative electrode, and the left lower limb by a positive electrode. The limb lead III is connected with the cathode at the left upper limb and the anode at the left lower limb. The pressurized unipolar limb leads aVR, the right upper limb is connected with the anode, and the left upper limb and the left lower limb are connected with the cathode together. The pressurized unipolar limb leads aVL, the left upper limb is connected with the anode, and the right upper limb and the left lower limb are connected with the cathode together. The left lower limb is connected with a positive electrode, and the left upper limb and the right upper limb are connected with a negative electrode together;

chest lead 202: v1, it is arranged in the 4 th gap on the right edge of the sternum; v2 is in the 4 th intercostal space at the left sternal margin, opposite V1; v3 is the midpoint of the line connecting V2 and V4; v4 is at the left 5 th intercostal mid-clavicular line; v5 is the same level of the left anterior axillary line as V4; v6 is the same horizontal plane of the left axillary midline as V4 and V5; v7 is at the left posterior axillary line and is at the same level as V4 and V5; v8 is in the lower corner of the left scapula and is at the same horizontal plane with V4, V5, V6 and V7; v9 is at the same level with V4, V5, V6 beside the left clavicle; V3R, V4R, V R is arranged on the right chest of the corresponding position of V3, V4 and V5.

For example, the lead electrode of the present application can be made of silver-silver chloride, and can detect and find the conditions of heart rhythm disorder and/or bradycardia, tachycardia, etc. in time, but the electrode plate placement position should satisfy the following conditions: p-waves are clear and distinct (e.g., sinus rhythm); the amplitude of the QRS wave needs to be clear and reaches a certain amplitude so as to trigger heart rate counting and alarming; does not interfere with rescue operation (such as electrical defibrillation and the like), and can be applied to electrical cardioversion treatment in the following processes: cardiopulmonary resuscitation: the electrocardiographic monitoring in the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation process is helpful for analyzing the reasons of cardiac arrest and guiding treatment (such as defibrillation); the body surface electrocardiogram is monitored, so that the heart rhythm disorder can be found in time; after the resuscitation is successful, the heart rate and the heart rate change are monitored until the resuscitation is stable; patients at high risk for cardiac rhythm disorders: many diseases can develop fatal heart rhythm disorders during the course of the disease. The electrocardiographic monitoring is an important method for discovering serious cardiac rhythm disorder, preventing sudden death and guiding treatment; critical electrocardiographic monitoring: acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, severe infection, pre-excitation syndrome, heart surgery and the like. The patient receiving some drug treatment with myocardial toxicity or affecting the heart conduction system should be monitored by the ECG. In addition, various critical conditions are accompanied by hypoxia, dysregulation of electrolyte and acid-base balance (especially potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium), multi-system organ failure; certain diagnostic, therapeutic procedures: for example, during tracheal intubation, cardiac catheter examination and pericardial puncture, cardiac rhythm disorder can occur, resulting in sudden death, and electrocardiographic monitoring is required; detection and monitoring processes outside the medical institution, and the like.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes a control module 400 for analyzing the detection data of the electrocardiograph module 200 and controlling the defibrillation module 300 to perform defibrillation therapy, wherein the control module 400 is electrically connected to the electrocardiograph module 200 in a manner capable of respectively acquiring the detection data of the limb electrode 2011 and the chest electrode 2021 of the electrocardiograph module 200; the control module 400 establishes electrical connections in a manner that can send shock signals to the first defibrillation electrode 301, the second defibrillation electrode 302, and the third defibrillation electrode 303 of the defibrillation module 300, respectively, according to a defibrillation strategy.

Preferably, the control module 400 includes a storage unit 402 for recording historical electrocardiographic data, the storage unit 402 is electrically connected to the computing unit 401, so that the computing unit 401 can form an electrocardiogram based on the real-time detection data of the electrocardiograph module 200 and the historical electrocardiographic data of the storage unit and send the electrocardiogram to the storage unit 402 for storage, both the storage unit 402 and the computing unit 401 are electrically connected to the communication unit 403, so that the communication unit 403 can transmit the data transmitted by the storage unit 402 or the computing unit 401 to the monitoring module 500 based on wireless communication or a wired manner, and the monitoring module 500 at least includes one or more of a smart watch 501 worn on the hand of a patient, a monitoring terminal 502 carried by a guardian, and a cloud server 503.

Preferably, the control module 400 includes a positioning unit 404 for determining the real-time position of the patient and an energy management unit 405 for managing the power required for defibrillation therapy, and the energy management unit 405 may output a shock signal of a certain energy to the defibrillation module 300300 according to different defibrillation strategies.

Preferably, the calculating unit 401 establishes an electrocardiogram of the patient according to the real-time detection data of the electrocardiogram module 200 and the historical electrocardiogram data of the storage unit 402, and determines the current electrocardiogram states from the first state to the eighth state according to electrocardiogram characteristics, and the control module 400 makes a defibrillation strategy at least including a first strategy to an eighth strategy according to the first state to the eighth state; wherein the first state is a normal sinus rhythm state; the second state is a ready state slightly deviating from sinus rhythm; the third state is a ventricular fibrillation state; the fourth state is a ventricular tachycardia state; the fifth state is an atrial fibrillation state; the sixth state is an atrial flutter state; the seventh state is a supraventricular tachycardia state; the eighth state is a state that has been treated by defibrillation but has not yet fully restored sinus rhythm.

Preferably, under the condition that the calculation unit 401 continuously acquires the current electrocardiographic data and the historical electrocardiographic data and continuously analyzes the current electrocardiographic data and the historical electrocardiographic data, different defibrillation strategies are respectively adopted to perform electrical cardioversion treatment on the patient when the patient is currently in different electrocardiographic states, wherein the first strategy can be to keep a detection state, and the control module 400 does not send an electric shock signal to the defibrillation module 300; the second policy may be that the computing unit 401 rechecks the current electrocardiogram in the second state, and if the rechecking result is not changed, the computing unit 401 continues to maintain the detection state; if the rechecking result changes, the control module 400 operates according to the updated defibrillation strategy; the third strategy may be that the control module 400 controls the energy management unit 405 to send a shock signal with an energy of 250-300J to the defibrillation module 300, where the shock type is asynchronous cardioversion; the fourth strategy may be that the control module 400 controls the energy management unit 405 to send a shock signal with energy of 150-200J to the defibrillation module 300, where the shock type is synchronous cardioversion; the fifth strategy may be that the control module 400 controls the energy management unit 405 to send a shock signal with energy of 150-200J to the defibrillation module 300, where the shock type is synchronous cardioversion; the sixth policy may be that the control module 400 controls the energy management unit 405 to send a shock signal with energy of 80-100J to the defibrillation module 300, where the shock type is synchronous cardioversion; the seventh strategy may be that the control module 400 controls the energy management unit 405 to send a shock signal with energy of 100J to the defibrillation module 300, where the shock type is synchronous cardioversion; the eighth strategy may be that the calculation unit 401 performs rechecking on the electrocardiogram, and if the rechecking result does not change, the calculation unit 401 continues to maintain the detection state; if the rechecking result changes, the control module 400 operates according to the updated defibrillation strategy.

Most of the defibrillation devices adopt an RLC damping discharge method, a voltage converter converts direct current low voltage into pulse high voltage, and the pulse high voltage is rectified by the voltage converter and then charges an energy storage capacitor C, so that the capacitor obtains certain energy storage. When defibrillation treatment is carried out, the high-voltage relay K is controlled to act, and the energy storage capacitor C, the inductor L and the human body (load) are connected in series to form RLC series resonance. This is the maximum amount of energy stored across the energy storage capacitor, expressed in joules (J), prior to defibrillation shock. Experiments prove that the safe dose of electric shock, namely the maximum storage energy value, is not more than 400J. The time required for the storage capacitor to charge to the maximum storage value is called the maximum storage time. The smaller the parameter requirement, the better, since the shorter the energy storage time, the less preparation time is required for rescue and treatment. But this time cannot be decreased without limit due to the internal resistance of the power supply. Most current defibrillators have a maximum energy storage time in the range of (10-15) s. This refers to the highest voltage value across a load at which the defibrillator releases energy to a certain load at the maximum stored energy value. To ensure safety and prevent excessive voltage exposure to a patient undergoing a defibrillation shock, the international electrotechnical commission dictates that the maximum voltage value across the load should not exceed 5000V when the defibrillator discharges to the resistive load at the maximum stored energy value.

Preferably, the defibrillation module 300 is arranged in two different ways, the first of which is called the anteroposterior position, i.e., one defibrillation electrode pad is placed in the subscapular region of the back; the other defibrillation electrode is placed at the level of 3-4 intercostals at the left edge of the sternum, and is suitable for the conditions of electric energy saving, few potential complications and selective electrical cardioversion. The second type is called front left position, the first defibrillation electrode 301 plate is placed between 2-3 ribs (bottom of heart) on the right edge of the sternum, the second defibrillation electrode 302 is placed between 5 th ribs (apex of heart) in the left axillary line, and the electric shock defibrillation is suitable for the condition of emergency electric shock defibrillation.

Preferably, the first defibrillation electrode 301 and the second defibrillation electrode 302 of the defibrillation module 300 form a front-back position, the first defibrillation electrode 301 and the third defibrillation electrode 303 form a front-left position, and when the transition time from the first state to the third state to the seventh state of the electrocardiogram state is greater than or equal to the first time threshold, the defibrillation module 300 preferentially adopts the front-back position for shock defibrillation; when the transition time from the first state to the third state to the seventh state is less than the first time threshold, the defibrillation module 300 preferentially performs shock defibrillation using the front left position.

Preferably, when the computing unit 401 determines that the electrocardiographic state changes from the first state to the second state and the change time is greater than or equal to the second time threshold, the control module 400 controls the defibrillation module 300 to enter the pre-operating state with the first power, the vacuum pump 3028 and the gas pump 3026 start to operate, and the conductive liquid enters the inner cavity 3011, so that the electrode pads 3029 and the skin are electrically connected; when the calculating unit 401 determines that the electrocardiographic state changes from the first state to the second state and the change time is less than the second time threshold, the control module 400 controls the defibrillation module 300 to enter the pre-operating state with the second power, the vacuum pump 3028 and the gas pump 3026 start to operate, and the conductive liquid enters the inner cavity 3011 at an accelerated speed, so that a faster electrical connection is established between the electrode pad 3029 and the skin.

Preferably, when the electrocardiographic state is in the eighth state, the control module 400 controls the defibrillation module 300 to maintain a pre-operating state in which electrical connection is established; when the time for the electrocardiographic state to return from the second state to the eighth state to the first state is greater than the third time threshold, the control module 400 controls the defibrillation module 300 to discharge the conductive liquid in the inner cavity 3011 to the outer cavity 3012, and the defibrillation module 300 ends the pre-working state.

Preferably, when the computing unit 401 of the control module 400 generates an electrocardiogram based on the current electrocardiographic data and the historical electrocardiographic data and performs continuous analysis, the control module 400 transmits the current electrocardiographic data and the electrocardiogram to the cloud server 503 of the monitoring module 500 through the communication module for backup storage; under the condition that the current electrocardio state is judged to be in the third state to the seventh state by the computing module, the control module 400 simultaneously sends the current positioning data, the electrocardio data, the electrocardiogram, the electrocardio state and the defibrillation strategy information to the remote server of the monitoring module 500, the intelligent watch 501 and the monitoring terminal 502, and the intelligent watch 501 sends an early warning signal to the patient in a vibration or light mode to remind the patient to keep the state of avoiding exercise as much as possible or end the state of exercise to keep peaceful and stable; the monitoring terminal 502 may alert a monitor or medical person to the patient's state and prepare to enter intervention to provide assistance.

Preferably, the smart watch 501 and the monitoring terminal 502 can call a remote server at any time to check current electrocardiographic data, electrocardiogram and historical electrocardiographic data; when the computing module determines that the time from the third state to the seventh state of the electrocardiographic state is greater than the fourth time threshold, the control module 400 sends an alarm confidence to the smart watch 501 and the monitoring terminal 502 based on the communication unit 403 and notifies medical staff of intervention.

Example 2

Being worn on the patient, is more rapid than external use of AED devices (automated external defibrillators), but also requires more adequate safety considerations and more sophisticated safety settings.

Although the voltage used for defibrillation may not be sufficient to threaten the basic life of the human body, the shock still has negative effects on the human body, for example, muscle contraction caused by the shock may be uncomfortable, even a low-amplitude shock may still cause great potential for ill persons, elderly people, and children, and often an external person finds that a patient has a more obvious condition of arrhythmia (e.g., has fallen down, has pain in chest covering, etc.) compared to a conventional external AED device, and it is often not a problem and urgently necessary to use CPR or external AEDs for the patient, but for a wearable defibrillation device, because it is very close to the user side, physiological information of the user can be received relatively faster, theoretically, the user's arrhythmia phenomenon can be found earlier than external person, external detection device, etc., and defibrillation is immediately delivered, but it is also more likely to make erroneous decisions due to too fast processing judgment, and unnecessary shocks to the user. When some arrhythmia symptoms appear on a user, the user does not necessarily represent a situation that the user needs to be defibrillated by electric shock seriously, but the problem of unexpected arrhythmia is easily caused by untimely electrodes, the damage of the body of the user and even serious damage are caused by equipment errors, and the problem of how to determine the responsibility is also very complicated. It is therefore a very important task how to safely deal with the relationship between the wearable defibrillator and the user.

Based on this example the following is given: controlling the defibrillation module 300 to be in three states of halt, viscosity and action based on the electrocardio detection result obtained by the electrocardio module 200, wherein the halt state means that the defibrillation module 300 is completely in halt and at least does not generate any actual action; the action state refers to a state in which the defibrillation module 300 is in and performs shock defibrillation on the body of the user; the sticky state refers to a state in which the defibrillation module 300 performs at least one defibrillation-related sub-step but not all defibrillation-related steps based on the prognostic information provided by the electrocardiographic detection unit. The defibrillation-related sub-steps include at least, pre-energizing the defibrillation electrodes to a predetermined voltage, venting to raise a partial pressure within the chamber, opening or closing a partial control valve, etc.

The viscous state in the scheme is used as a neutral position between action and non-action, so that better guarantee is provided for the safety use of the wearable defibrillation equipment. Specifically, the defibrillation module 300 switches to a corresponding working state according to different electrocardiographic detection results given by the electrocardiograph module 200. When the electrocardiographic detection result is in the first result in a plurality of preset periods, the defibrillation module 300 is switched to or keeps in a shutdown state; the first result may be that the cardiac state is in a normal sinus rhythm state, and the plurality of preset periods may be set to 3 adjustable preset periods, and when the cardiac state of the patient is in a stable normal state or a recovery normal state reaches a certain time limit, the defibrillation module 300 is in a shutdown state.

When the electrocardiographic detection result is in the second result, the electrocardiographic state is changed from the first state to the second state, the electrocardiographic state of the patient slightly deviates from the normal state but does not develop to a stage where defibrillation is required immediately, or the electrocardiographic state is changed from the third state to the seventh state to the eighth state, the patient has received defibrillation treatment but does not completely recover to normal sinus rhythm, and the defibrillation module 300 switches or maintains the viscous state.

The viscous state is also divided into at least three sub-modes, a first, a second and a third viscous mode, in response to different change times of the first state to the second state. The defibrillation module 300 generates mechanical motion but not electrical motion in the first viscous mode, the defibrillation module 300 generates electrical motion but not mechanical motion in the second viscous mode, and both mechanical motion and electrical motion in the third viscous mode are in a standby state but not an active state. When the electrocardiographic detection result is the second result, if the change time of the first state to the second state is greater than the first threshold, the defibrillation module 300 enters the first viscous mode; if the change time for the first state to change to the second state is greater than the second threshold and not greater than the first threshold, the defibrillation module 300 enters the second viscous mode; when the change time for the first state to transition to the second state is not greater than a third threshold, the defibrillation module 300 enters a third viscous mode; when the cardioelectric state is in the eighth state, defibrillation module 300 maintains the third viscous mode.

The mechanical action may refer to inflation to generate a pressure effect to squeeze out the conductive liquid so that the electrode and the skin of the user establish a conductive channel; the electrical operation may mean that the energy management unit generates the voltage of the energy required for defibrillation. When both the electrical action and the mechanical action are performed, the defibrillation can be completed for the user by electric shock. An armed state may refer to the energy management unit or defibrillation module 300 having been prepared for a corresponding preparation prior to the actual action, which may be signal-wide or action-wide, such as an energizing signal communication of an electrode or a heat engine of an inflatable unit. Based on the above arrangement, the viscous state fills up the gray area between the action and the non-action of the defibrillation module 300 well, the problem that the user suffers from unexpected electric shock due to misjudgment of the defibrillation module 300 can be prevented well, electric shock defibrillation of the user when needed can not be delayed, and various viscous state modes can be selected accurately based on judgment of the physical state of the patient, the precedence relationship between the mechanical action of relatively slow and slow action and the relatively fast electric action in various states is reasonably arranged, and when the possibility that the conductive liquid is not discharged timely to cause the body surface pollution of the user is reduced, sufficient standby voltage is prepared constantly to prevent the user from really having the danger of arrhythmia.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wearable smart defibrillation monitoring device, the device comprising:

a WCD (100) band for removably coupling to a patient in a manner that covers an ecg monitoring area and a defibrillation area, the WCD band (100) for confining an ecg detection and defibrillation device to a particular location of the patient;

the electrocardiogram module (200) is provided with a limb lead (201) and a chest lead (202) according to a mode of carrying out electrocardiogram detection on the limb and the chest of a patient respectively;

a defibrillation module (300), the defibrillation module (300) for providing electrical cardioversion therapy being arranged with a number of defibrillation electrodes in a manner that can be set to a front-to-back or front-to-left defibrillation therapy mode;

the control module (400) is used for analyzing the detection data of the electrocardio module (200) and controlling the defibrillation module (300) to perform defibrillation treatment;

wherein the defibrillation electrode establishes or terminates electrical connection with the patient's skin by way of conductive fluid flowing back and forth between the inner chamber (3011) and the outer chamber (3012).

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the defibrillation module (300) is provided with a first defibrillation electrode (301), a second defibrillation electrode (302) and a third defibrillation electrode (303) in such a way that different defibrillation therapy modes can be formed, wherein at least one of the first defibrillation electrode (301), the second defibrillation electrode (302) and the third defibrillation electrode (303) comprises an electrode shell (3010) for accommodating electrode components and forming a protective housing, such that the electrode shell (3010) can transmit pressure against external pressure to an attachment ring (3013) of the electrode shell (3010) in contact with the skin based on a shell-like structure with a cavity.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrode casing (3010) is provided with the inner cavity (3011) and the outer cavity (3012) arranged in layers in an inner space in such a manner that the conductive liquid can flow back and forth, wherein the inner cavity (3011) is provided on the side of the outer cavity (3012) close to the skin of the patient in such a manner that the inner space of the inner cavity (3011) is in direct contact with the skin, and the outer cavity (3012) is connected to the inner cavity (3011) in such a manner that the conductive liquid can be contained and discharged into the inner cavity (3011) through at least one conductive liquid flow channel (3021) based on air pressure.

4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the edge of the skin-contacting surface of the inner cavity (3011) is provided with the attachment ring (3013) for keeping the electrode shell (3010) in close contact with the skin, and the attachment ring (3013) is configured as a double-layer ring-like structure in such a way that an inner ring (3015) and an outer ring (3014) arranged at different radial distances from the center of the inner cavity can enclose a vacuum ring (3016) forming an inner hollow.

5. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that a number of pores (3017) permeable to the adhesion liquid are provided in the skin contacting surface of the inner ring (3015) and the outer ring (3014), and the pores (3017) are connected to an adhesion liquid storage chamber (3018) based on an adhesion liquid flow path (3019), so that the adhesion liquid is transported to the pores (3017) based on the capillary action of the adhesion liquid flow path (3019) and wets the skin contacting surface of the inner ring (3015) and the outer ring (3014).

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein under the action of the inner cavity (3011) based on the attachment ring (3013) and the vacuum ring (3016) being attached to the skin, a gas pump (3026) applies gas to the outer cavity (3012) containing the electrically conductive liquid through an outer cavity gas-filling valve (3025) and an outer cavity gas-filling channel (3024) so that the electrically conductive liquid is transferred to the inner cavity (3011) and fills the inner cavity (3011) through the electrically conductive liquid flow channel (3021) and a control valve (3020) under the action of gas compression, and the air of the inner cavity (3011) is discharged out of the inner cavity (3011) through the inner cavity gas-filling channel (3022) and the inner cavity gas-filling valve (3023).

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the limb electrode (2011) and the chest electrode (2021) is provided with an electrocardioelectrode shell (2022) for accommodating an electrocardioelectrode pad (2025), a conductive liquid storage cavity (2023) for accommodating conductive liquid is arranged inside the electrocardioelectrode shell (2022), and the conductive liquid storage cavity (2023) conveys the conductive liquid to the position where the electrocardioelectrode pad (2025) is contacted with the skin through the capillary action of a capillary hole (2024) connected with the conductive liquid storage cavity (2023).

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the central circumferential band (101) disposed at a region of equal height to the patient's heart is provided with a left adjustment portion (1011) and a right adjustment portion (1012) at positions where the chest circumferential band (1013) and the back circumferential band (1014) are in contact, the central circumferential band (101) further includes an up-down adjustment portion (1015) for adjusting the arrangement height of the central circumferential band (101) on the patient's body, and the up-down adjustment portion (1015) is arranged with an up-down adjustment band (1017) and a down-down adjustment band (1018) in such a manner that the contact tightness of the upper edge and the lower edge of the central circumferential band (101) with the patient's body can be changed, respectively.

9. A method of monitoring a wearable smart defibrillation device, the method comprising one or more of the following steps:

the control module (400) is electrically connected with the electrocardio module (200) in a mode of respectively acquiring detection data of a limb electrode (2011) and a chest electrode (2021) of the electrocardio module (200); the control module (400) is electrically connected with the defibrillation module (300) in a manner that an electric shock signal can be transmitted to the defibrillation module (300) according to a defibrillation strategy;

the calculating unit (401) establishes an electrocardiogram of a patient according to real-time detection data of the electrocardiogram module (200) and historical electrocardiogram data of the storage unit (402), judges current electrocardiogram states from a first state to an eighth state according to characteristics of the electrocardiogram, and the control module (400) makes a tremor removal strategy at least comprising a first strategy to an eighth strategy according to the first state to the eighth state; under the condition that the calculation unit (401) continuously acquires current electrocardiogram data and historical electrocardiogram data and continuously analyzes the current electrocardiogram data and the historical electrocardiogram data, different defibrillation strategies are respectively adopted to perform electrical cardioversion treatment on a patient when the patient is in different electrocardiogram states;

a first defibrillation electrode (301) and a second defibrillation electrode (302) of the defibrillation module (300) form a front position and a back position, the first defibrillation electrode (301) and a third defibrillation electrode (303) form a front left position, and when the transition time of the electrocardio state from the first state to the third state to the seventh state is greater than or equal to a first time threshold, the defibrillation module (300) preferentially adopts the front position and the back position to perform electric shock defibrillation; when the transition time from the first state to the third state to the seventh state is less than the first time threshold, the defibrillation module (300) preferentially performs shock defibrillation by using the front left bit.

10. The monitoring method according to claim 9, wherein when the computing unit (401) determines that the electrocardiographic state changes from the first state to the second state for a time period greater than or equal to a second time threshold, the control module (400) controls the defibrillation module (300) to enter a pre-operating state at a first power; when the calculating unit (401) judges that the electrocardio state changes from the first state to the second state and the change time is less than the second time threshold, the control module (400) controls the defibrillation module (300) to enter the pre-working state at a second power;

when the electrocardiogram state is in an eighth state, the control module (400) controls the defibrillation module (300) to keep the pre-working state of establishing electrical connection; when the time for recovering the electrocardio state from the second state to the eighth state to the first state is greater than a third time threshold, the control module (400) controls the defibrillation module (300) to discharge the conductive liquid in the inner cavity (3011) to an outer cavity (3012), and the defibrillation module (300) ends the pre-working state;

when the calculation module (401) judges that the time from the third state to the seventh state of the electrocardiogram state is greater than a fourth time threshold, the control module (400) sends alarm information to the intelligent watch (501) and the monitoring terminal (502) based on the communication unit (403) and notifies medical staff of intervention.