CN115349322A - Seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases - Google Patents
Seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases, which comprises the following steps: screening soybean seeds carrying soybean seed-borne germs; the soybean seed-borne germs are fungi and oomycetes; the fungi include Fusarium solani（Fusarium spp) And soybean sudden death syndrome (C)Fusarium virguliforme) Bacterial of stem ulcer of soybean: (A)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And Phomopsis longipes (C.) MerrPhomopsis longicolla) The oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (Leyss) rhizopus (A. Sojae)Phytophthora sojae) And soybean damping-off pathogen: (A), (B)Pythium aphanidermatum,Pythium debaryanum) (ii) a Carrying out seed dressing agent treatment or coating agent treatment on the screened soybean seeds to obtain target seeds; the seed dressing agent is azoxystrobin and fluorothiazole pyrithylone, and the coating agent is fludioxonil metalaxyl-M. The method for treating the soybean seed-borne disease seeds is simple, low in cost, convenient to operate, high in treatment efficiency and good in prevention and control effect on the soybean seed-borne disease caused by specific fungi and oomycetes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and control of soybean seed-borne diseases, in particular to a seed treatment method for prevention and control of soybean seed-borne diseases.
Background
The soybean is a crop used for both grain and oil, and also an important source of high-quality protein and grease needed by human bodies. The demand of Chinese soybean is over 1.1 million tons, while the yield of Chinese soybean is about 1600 million tons, about 85% of soybean needs to be imported, and the soybean is imported by over 1 million tons only in 2020. The soybean supply capacity of the domestic soybean is seriously insufficient and the import dependence is too high, thus seriously affecting the safety of the soybean industry in China. Therefore, in 2019, the agricultural rural department implements the soybean revivification plan, and the horns of Chinese soybean revivification are blown down; 2021. the local leader meeting of national agricultural and rural halls called in the end of the year is put forward, and the soybean oil difficult to expand is needed to be firmly attacked, so that the attack and hardening war of soybean is firmly solved from the height of guaranteeing the grain safety and the safety of primary agricultural product supply; the document No. 1 at the center of 2022 clearly shows that the soybean and oil production capacity improvement project needs to be vigorously implemented. In order to implement the 'soybean joyful plan', not only the planting area is expanded in multiple ways and the new high-yield soybean variety is researched and popularized, but also the most important thing is to prevent and control the occurrence of soybean diseases and insect pests, and greatly reduce the loss caused by the damage of the soybean diseases and insect pests.
Soybean seed borne diseases are a large group of diseases that carry and spread pathogens through soybean seeds. The soybean pathogenic bacteria are one of the important sources of infection of soybean and are the main path for long-distance transmission of diseases, wherein the fungi causing soybean seed-borne diseases comprise fusarium culmorum (F.) (Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome germ (B)Fusarium virguliforme) Bacterial of stem ulcer of soybean: (A)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria (Phomopsis longicolla) Etc.; the oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (Leyss sojae) (Rhizopus sojae)Phytophthora sojae) Soybean damping-off disease bacteria (B)Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum) Diseases caused by the soybean and the like are important seed-borne diseases of soybeans. Along with the global development of the breeding industry, the market competition is more and more intense, and meanwhile, the occurrence range of seed-borne diseases is wide and the damage degree is large, in recent years, the import quantity of soybeans in China is continuously increased, and the introduction risk of the soybean seed-borne diseases is also continuously improved. The soybean diseases reported at present are more than 30, wherein the seed bacteria are about 60% of the primary infection sources (seed-borne diseases). The soybean seed-borne diseases are common diseases in soybeans, directly damage seeds and seedlings, influence seed germination, seed rot and the like, and easily cause seedling growth retardation and even death; the root system is prevented from developing, and a re-spreading source is provided for the occurrence of similar diseases in the middle and later stages. In soybean production, the loss caused by the soybean can reach more than 30% every year, and the soybean production method becomes one of important factors for limiting the increase of the yield and the improvement of the quality of soybeans. Therefore, effective measures are taken to prevent and control the soybean seed-borne diseases, and the method has very important practical significance for preventing the soybean disease from spreading and for safe production of soybeans in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases, which combines the technology of soybean seed bacteria-carrying detection, soybean seed dressing treatment and soybean seed coating treatment, mainly utilizes the systemic property of chemical agents, and after the seeds are dressed or coated, the chemical agents can be absorbed by roots and slowly released in the soybean growth period to keep the pesticide effect for a long time, thereby achieving the purposes of sterilization and disease prevention and providing an effective method for the prevention and control of the soybean seed-borne diseases.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, screening: screening soybean seeds carrying soybean seed-borne germs; the soybean seed-borne germs are fungi and oomycetes; what is needed isThe fungi include Fusarium solani (F.sp.) (Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome (B) and (C)Fusarium virguliforme) Bacterial of stem ulcer of soybean: (A)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And Phomopsis longipes (C.) MerrPhomopsis longicolla) The oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (Leyss) rhizopus (A. Sojae)Phytophthora sojae) And soybean damping-off pathogen: (A), (B)Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum）；
And S2, processing: carrying out seed dressing agent treatment or coating agent treatment on the soybean seeds obtained in the step S1 to obtain target seeds; the seed dressing agent is azoxystrobin and fluorothiazole pyrithylone, and the coating agent is fludioxonil metalaxyl-M.
Before dressing seed, removing disease grains (color spots, mildew, rot, etc.), insect grains (insect eyes, insect damage, etc.), shrunken grains and impurities manually, and improving the purity of healthy seeds; the sun seeds can kill partial pathogenic bacteria and pests and improve the germination rate of the seeds.
Seed treatment agent for soybean fungal diseases, azoxystrobin: the chemical name is (E) -2- {2- [6 (2-cyanophenoxy) pyrimidin-4-yloxy]Phenyl } -3-methoxyacrylate having the formula C 22 H 17 N 3 O 5 The bactericide is a strobilurin fungicide, the action mechanism is to prevent spore germination, azoxystrobin is an energy inhibitor, and spore germination and hypha infection are inhibited by inhibiting the respiratory productivity process of pathogenic bacteria; azoxystrobin is a novel high-efficiency, broad-spectrum, low-toxicity and environment-friendly pesticide bactericide, has multiple effects of systemic conduction, prevention and protection and the like, can inhibit germination and generation of germ spores, can control growth of mycelia, and has good effects on fungal diseases such as root rot, sudden death syndrome diseases, ulcer diseases and the like. Can be used for stem and leaf spraying, seed treatment and soil treatment.
Soybean ovomycosis seed treatment agent, oxathiapiprolin: fluoro thiazole pyriethanone english common name: oxathiapirolin; chemical name: 1- (4- {4- [ (5 RS) -5- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4, 5-dihydro-1, 2-oxazol-3-yl]-1, 3-thiazol-2-yl } -1-piperidinyl) -2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl]Ethanone (IUPAC), 1- [4- [4- [5- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl]-2-thiazolyl]-1-piperidinyl group]-2- [ 5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl]Ethanone (CAS). The fluorothiazole pyrithylone has two crystal forms: type a and type B. Wherein the melting point of the A type is 127 to 130 ℃ or 125 to 128 ℃; the melting point of the B type is 146-148 ℃ or 143-145 ℃. Relative molecular mass: 539.52; the molecular formula is as follows: c 24 H 22 F 5 N 5 O 2 And S. The fluorothiazolepyrietophenone has unique action sites on oomycete pathogenic bacteria, the action mechanism is that the sterilization effect is achieved through the inhibition of oxysterol binding protein (OSBP) of the pathogenic bacteria, and the fluorothiazolepyrietophenone has strong inhibition effect on all development stages of the pathogenic bacteria. The oxathiapiprolin has the effects of preventing, treating and inhibiting sporulation on pathogenic bacteria, has excellent bactericidal activity on oomycete diseases such as phytophthora sojae root rot and damping-off on crops, has stable pesticide effect, and can effectively prevent and treat root rot, stem rot and the like. The fluorothiazole pyrithylone has high efficiency, quick action and lasting effect, has extremely low dosage, has the advantages of being quickly absorbed by a wax layer, has excellent rain wash resistance, can effectively prevent and treat diseases even under extremely severe conditions, and has the dosage of only 1/5 to 1/100 of that of the conventional bactericide; can be transported in host plants for a long distance, and has the characteristics of internal suction to top conduction and new tissue protection. Foliar spray and seed treatment.
Preferably, the seed dressing agent contains the following components in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2 azoxystrobin and oxathiapiprolin; the mass concentration of the azoxystrobin is 22-28%, and the mass concentration of the fluorothiazole pyrithylone is 8-12%; the coating agent is fludioxonil, metalaxyl-M with the mass concentration of 6-7%.
More preferably, the seed dressing agent contains the following components in a mass ratio of 1:1-2 azoxystrobin and oxathiapiprolin.
More preferably, the seed dressing agent is obtained by diluting 3-5mL of mixed liquid medicine by 100 times after mixing azoxystrobin and oxathiapiprolin.
The seed coating agent is directly used for seed dressing, and no extra water is needed for dilution. Seed dressing is carried out by using a seed dressing machine or a clean container (plastic bag and the like) according to the seeding quantity, the time is not too long, and the seed damage is avoided; after seed dressing, the seeds are dried in the shade and can be directly used for seeding (both mechanical seeding and manual seeding).
Preferably, the seed dressing agent is used for treating, and the weight ratio of the feed liquid is 1000:3-5.
Preferably, the seed dressing agent treatment further comprises a coating treatment, and the target seeds are coated by the coating agent; the coating agent is fludioxonil, metalaxyl-M with the mass concentration of 6-7%.
Preferably, the coating agent or the coating treatment is applied to the mixture, and the weight volume ratio of the material liquid is 10kg:30-40mL.
The invention provides a soybean seed obtained by a seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases.
The invention also provides an application of the seed treatment method for preventing and controlling the soybean seed-borne diseases, which is used for improving the germination rate of the soybean seeds containing the soybean seed-borne diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes.
Preferably, the soybean seed-borne disease comprises fusarium solani (f)Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome (B) and (C)Fusarium virguliforme) Pathogenic bacteria of stem ulcer of soybean: (A), (B)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria (Phomopsis longicolla) Seed-borne diseases caused by Phytophthora sojae (A. Sojae et C.), (Phytophthora sojae) And soybean damping-off (damping-off) pathogenPythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum) The seed-borne diseases caused.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method firstly detects and identifies the germ transmitted by the soybean seeds, then carries out corresponding seed treatment, and has strong pertinence.
(2) The invention selects azoxystrobin and fluorothiazole pyrithylone as seed dressing agents, fludioxonil and metalaxyl-M as coating agents, fully utilizes the systemic property of chemical agents, directly carries out seed dressing or coating treatment on seeds, enables the agents to be absorbed by roots, can be slowly released in the soybean growth period, prolongs the effective period, improves the emergence rate of soybean with seed-borne diseases, and effectively reduces the incidence rate of soybean seed-borne diseases.
(3) In addition, the specific fludioxonil and metalaxyl-M are selected as the coating agent, the soybean seeds after seed dressing treatment are subjected to coating treatment again, and the two treatments are synergistic, so that the emergence rate of the soybean with seed-borne diseases is greatly improved, and the more effective prevention and control effect of the soybean seed-borne diseases is realized.
(4) The method for treating the soybean seed-borne diseases is simple, low in cost, convenient to operate, high in treatment efficiency and good in prevention and control effect on the soybean seed-borne diseases caused by specific fungi and oomycetes.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, screening: the fungi causing soybean seed-borne diseases include Fusarium solani (F. Sp.), (Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome germ (B)Fusarium virguliforme) Bacterial of stem ulcer of soybean: (A)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria (Phomopsis longicolla) Etc.; the oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (Leyss sojae) (Rhizopus sojae)Phytophthora sojae) Soybean damping-off disease germs (C)Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum) And performing conventional pathogenic bacteria morphology detection or molecular detection and identification, and performing soybean seed treatment on seeds carrying seed-borne pathogenic bacteria.
And S2, processing: before seed dressing, disease grains (color spots, mildew, rot and the like), insect grains (insect eyes, insect damage and the like), shrunken grains and impurities are manually removed, so that the purity of healthy seeds is improved;
test group 1: according to the mass ratio of 2:1, mixing 25 percent by weight of azoxystrobin and 10 percent by weight of fluorothiazole pyrithylone bactericide, taking 3mL of mixed liquid medicine, adding 100mL of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare a seed coating agent 1;
test group 2: according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing 25 percent by weight of azoxystrobin and 10 percent by weight of fluorothiazole pyrithylone bactericide, taking 3mL of mixed liquid medicine, adding 100mL of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare a seed coating agent 2;
test group 3: according to the mass ratio of 1:2, mixing 25 percent by weight of azoxystrobin and 10 percent by weight of fluorothiazole pyrithylone bactericide, taking 3mL of mixed liquid medicine, adding 100mL of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare a seed coating agent 3;
spreading 10kg of soybean seeds on a plastic film, respectively spraying the seed coating agent 1, the seed coating agent 2 and the seed coating agent 3 on the soybean seeds, rapidly stirring uniformly, spreading in a shady and ventilated place, fully airing, and sowing.
The average emergence rates of the soybean seeds after seed dressing treatment are respectively 88.46%, 90.46% and 90.87%, while the emergence rate of an untreated control is 70.35%, the emergence rates are respectively improved by 18.11%, 20.11% and 20.52, the average incidence rates are respectively reduced by 26.99%, 27.73% and 28.11%, and the prevention and control effects are respectively 74.30%, 76.27% and 77.31% (table 1).
Example 2
A seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, screening: the fungi causing soybean seed-borne diseases include Fusarium solani (F. Sp.), (Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome virus (C) ((B))Fusarium virguliforme) Bacterial of stem ulcer of soybean: (A)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria: (Phomopsis longicolla) Etc.; the oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (Leyss sojae) (Rhizopus sojae)Phytophthora sojae) Soybean damping-off disease bacteria (B)Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum) And performing conventional pathogenic bacteria morphology detection or molecular detection identification, and performing soybean seed treatment on seeds carrying seed-borne pathogenic bacteria.
S2, coating treatment: before seed dressing, disease grains (color spots, mildew, rot and the like), insect grains (insect eyes, insect damage and the like), shrunken grains and impurities are manually removed, so that the purity of healthy seeds is improved;
10kg of soybean seeds were charged with a plastic bag while adding 30mL of 6.25% by weight of fludioxonil metalaxyl suspension, each seed was coated with a seed coating agent by rapidly rolling the bag after tying the mouth, and then sown as test group 4.
The average emergence rate of the soybean seeds after coating treatment is 94.47%, while the emergence rate of an untreated control is 70.35%, the emergence rate is improved by 24.12%, the average incidence rate is reduced by 29.10%, and the prevention and control effect reaches 80.03% (table 1).
Example 3
A seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, screening: the fungi causing soybean seed-borne diseases include Fusarium solani (F. Sp.), (Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome germ (B)Fusarium virguliforme) Pathogenic bacteria of stem ulcer of soybean: (A), (B)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria (Phomopsis longicolla) Etc.; the oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (A.sojae) and Rhizopus oryzae (A.sojae)Phytophthora sojae) Soybean damping-off disease bacteria (B)Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum) And performing conventional pathogenic bacteria morphology detection or molecular detection and identification, and performing soybean seed treatment on seeds carrying seed-borne pathogenic bacteria.
And S2, processing: before seed dressing, disease grains (color spots, mildew, rot and the like), insect grains (insect eyes, insect damage and the like), shrunken grains and impurities are manually removed, so that the purity of healthy seeds is improved;
test group 5: according to the mass ratio of 2:1, mixing 25 percent by weight of azoxystrobin and 10 percent by weight of fluorothiazole pyrithylone bactericide, taking 3mL of mixed liquid medicine, adding 100mL of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare a seed coating agent 1;
test group 6: according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing 25 percent by weight of azoxystrobin and 10 percent by weight of fluorothiazole pyrithylone bactericide, taking 3mL of mixed liquid medicine, adding 100mL of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare a seed coating agent 2;
test group 7: according to the mass ratio of 1:2, mixing 25 percent by weight of azoxystrobin and 10 percent by weight of fluorothiazole pyrithylone bactericide, taking 3mL of mixed liquid medicine, adding 100mL of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare a seed coating agent 3;
spreading 10kg of soybean seeds on a plastic film, respectively spraying the seed coating agent 1, the seed coating agent 2 and the seed coating agent 3 on the soybean seeds, rapidly stirring uniformly, spreading in a cool and ventilated place, and fully airing.
S3, coating: respectively filling 10kg of soybean seeds into 3 groups of plastic bags, simultaneously adding 30mL of 6.25% fludioxonil and metalaxyl-M suspension coating agent into each group of plastic bags, quickly rolling the bags after tying the bags, coating a layer of suspension coating agent on each seed, and sowing.
The average emergence rates of the soybean seeds after seed dressing treatment and soybean seed coating treatment are 92.45%, 96.25% and 96.20%, while the emergence rate of an untreated control is 70.35%, the emergence rates are improved by 22.10%, 25.90% and 25.85%, the average incidence rates are reduced by 29.49%, 31.01% and 31.01%, and the prevention and control effects reach 81.11%, 85.28% and 85.28% (table 1). From the results, it can be seen that the weight percent of azoxystrobin +10% by weight of the fluorothiazolopyrone fungicide was calculated as 1:1 or 1:2, the seed dressing is mixed with the three formulas, and the weight percent of fludioxonil is added by 6.25 percent.
The sowing results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 comprehensive prevention and control effect of seed-borne diseases after soybean seed treatment
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, screening: screening soybean seeds carrying soybean seed-borne germs; the soybean seed-borne germs are fungi and oomycetes; the fungus includes Fusarium solani (F.sp.) (Fusarium spp) Soybean sudden death syndrome (B) and (C)Fusarium virguliforme) Pathogenic bacteria of stem ulcer of soybean: (A), (B)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria (Phomopsis longicolla) The oomycetes include Phytophthora sojae (A) and (B)Phytophthora sojae) And soybean damping-off（Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum）；
And S2, processing: carrying out seed dressing agent treatment or coating agent treatment on the soybean seeds obtained in the step S1 to obtain target seeds; the seed dressing agent is azoxystrobin and fluorothiazole pyrithylone, and the coating agent is fludioxonil metalaxyl-M.
2. The seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed dressing agent contains the following components in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2 azoxystrobin and oxathiapiprolin; the mass concentration of the azoxystrobin is 22-28%, and the mass concentration of the oxathiapiprolin is 8-12%; the coating agent is fludioxonil metalaxyl with the mass concentration of 6-7%.
3. The seed treatment method for preventing and controlling seed-borne diseases of soybeans according to claim 2, wherein the seed dressing agent comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 1:1-2 azoxystrobin and oxathiapiprolin.
4. The seed treatment method for preventing and controlling the soybean seed-borne diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that the seed dressing agent is obtained by diluting 3-5mL of mixed liquid medicine by 100 times after mixing azoxystrobin and oxathiapiprolin.
5. The seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed dressing agent is used for treating the seeds, and the weight ratio of the feed liquid is 1000:3-5.
6. The seed treatment method for controlling seed-borne diseases of soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed dressing agent treatment is followed by a coating treatment, wherein the target seed is coated with a coating agent; the coating agent is fludioxonil with the mass concentration of 6-7%, metalaxyl-M, and the weight volume ratio of the coating agent to the feed liquid of the target seeds is 10kg:30-40mL.
7. The seed treatment method for preventing and controlling soybean seed-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating agent is used for treating, and the weight-volume ratio of the material liquid is 10kg:30-40mL.
8. The use of the seed treatment method for the prevention and control of soybean seed-borne diseases according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by improving the germination rate of soybean seeds containing soybean seed-borne diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes.
9. The use of a seed treatment method for the control of a soybean seed-borne disease according to claim 8, wherein the soybean seed-borne disease comprises fusarium solani (fusarium solani) (m) f.Fusarium spp) And soybean sudden death syndrome (C)Fusarium virguliforme) Pathogenic bacteria of stem ulcer of soybean: (A), (B)Diaporthe phaseolorum) And soybean phomopsis seed rot bacteria (Phomopsis longicolla) Seed-borne disease caused by Phytophthora sojae (A) and (B)Phytophthora sojae) And soybean damping-off pathogen: (A), (B)Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum) The seed-borne diseases caused.
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