CN115348481A - Data transmission method, device, transmitter and receiver - Google Patents

Data transmission method, device, transmitter and receiver Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115348481A
CN115348481A CN202210974841.7A CN202210974841A CN115348481A CN 115348481 A CN115348481 A CN 115348481A CN 202210974841 A CN202210974841 A CN 202210974841A CN 115348481 A CN115348481 A CN 115348481A
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current network
delay
data
maximum
time
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CN115348481B (en
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王彬
梁博
肖甜
张玉桃
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China United Network Communications Group Co Ltd
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China United Network Communications Group Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2183—Cache memory
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H04N21/4331—Caching operations, e.g. of an advertisement for later insertion during playback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a data transmission method, a data transmission device, a transmitter and a receiver, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network; judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value or not; in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of cache data packets in the current cache region; caching a corresponding number of data packets in a cache region of a sending end according to the maximum cache data packet number; and sending the data packet of the current buffer area to a receiver. The method can solve the problem that the time delay requirement of the cloud terminal cannot be met when the existing SRT protocol is applied to a cloud terminal scene in the prior art, and is suitable for a scene of data transmission based on the SRT protocol.

Description

Data transmission method, device, transmitter and receiver
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method, a data transmission device, a transmitter, and a receiver.
Background
The cloud terminal is a terminal device operating at the cloud end, connects and displays a system Desktop at the cloud end to the front end through a specific communication protocol (such as a cloud Desktop technology communication protocol such as VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure), RDS (Remote Desktop Services), and the like), and redirects output and input data of the cloud terminal to the cloud server. The cloud terminal concentrates main operation resources (such as a CPU, a memory, a hard disk, a network and the like) on the cloud server, so that the management is concentrated, the deployment is convenient, the maintenance amount is small, the use cost is low, and the acquisition cost of the hardware configuration of the local equipment is low.
The SRT (Secure Reliable Transport) Protocol retains the core idea and mechanism of the UDT (UDP-based Data Transfer Protocol), has strong anti-packet loss capability, is suitable for a complex network, and is mainly used for video transmission. The loss prevention of the SRT is mainly solved through a buffer memory and a packet loss retransmission mechanism, and under the current SRT packet loss retransmission mechanism, if a message is lost in network transmission, a sending end can resend the message.
Although the SRT protocol implements low-latency transmission based on UDT, a packet loss retransmission mechanism is provided, which can reduce the screen-splash phenomenon caused by frame loss, but also can cause the delay of video stream. While the file sharing and cloud PC (Personal Computer) services of the cloud terminal have higher requirements on the time delay of the video output part, but are insensitive to frame loss, so that the time delay requirements of the cloud terminal cannot be met if the existing SRT protocol is applied to a cloud terminal scene.
Therefore, it is an urgent problem to provide a data transmission scheme for adapting SRT to a cloud terminal scenario.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a data transmission method, a data transmission device, a transmitter and a receiver for solving the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, so as to at least solve the problem that the time delay requirement of a cloud terminal cannot be met when the existing SRT protocol in the related art is applied to a cloud terminal scene.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a data transmission method applied to a transmitter, where the method includes: acquiring the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network; judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value or not; in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of cache data packets in the current cache region; caching a corresponding number of data packets in a cache region of a sending end according to the maximum cache data packet number; and sending the data packet of the buffer area to a receiver.
Preferably, after sending the data packet of the buffer to the receiver, the method further comprises: and adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer area according to the change trend of the transmission delay of the current network.
Preferably, the adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network specifically includes: acquiring the difference of the sending time delay of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, wherein the difference of the sending time delay of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is equal to the sending time delay of the current network minus the sending time delay of the previous data transmission; judging whether the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold value; and in response to the fact that the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is larger than a first threshold value, deleting the target number of data packets in the buffer area at random.
Preferably, the adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network further includes: and in response to the fact that the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is smaller than a first threshold value, increasing a target number of data packets in the buffer area.
Preferably, the acquiring the transmission delay of the current network specifically includes: sending a traffic data packet to a receiver so that the receiver returns a Round Trip Time (RTT) to the sender according to the traffic data packet; meanwhile, acquiring a first time and a second time corresponding to two adjacent timestamps in the control message; and calculating the sending time delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time and the second time.
Preferably, the calculating the sending delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time and the second time specifically includes: calculating the half value of the RTT to obtain one-way time delay; calculating the difference value between the second moment and the first moment to obtain the difference between the data packet time of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network; and calculating the sum of the one-way time delay and the time difference of the data packets transmitted by the two adjacent data of the current network so as to obtain the sending time delay of the current network.
Preferably, the acquiring the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network specifically includes: obtaining the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network according to the following formula: maximum allowed transmit delay of the current network = transmit delay of the current network x (1 + a second threshold), where the second threshold is the maximum allowed threshold.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a data transmission method applied to a receiver, where the method includes: acquiring the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network; judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value or not; in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of cache data packets in the current cache region; receiving a data packet sent by a sender; and caching the data packets with corresponding quantity in a cache region according to the maximum cache data packet quantity.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a data transmission apparatus, applied to a transmitter, including: the first obtaining module is used for obtaining the sending time delay of the current network and the maximum sending time delay allowed by the current network. And the first judging module is connected with the first acquiring module and used for judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value or not. And the first determining module is connected with the first judging module and used for determining the ratio of the service delay threshold value to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum cache data packet number of the current cache region in response to the fact that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold value. And the first cache module is connected with the first determining module and used for caching the data packets with the corresponding quantity in a cache region of the sending end according to the maximum cache data packet quantity. And the sending module is connected with the first cache module and is used for sending the data packet in the cache region to the receiver.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a data transmission apparatus, applied to a receiver, including: and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network. And the second judging module is connected with the second acquiring module and used for judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold value. And the second determining module is connected with the second judging module and used for determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum cache data packet number of the current cache region in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold. And the receiving module is used for receiving the data packet sent by the sender. And the second cache module is connected with the receiving module and the second determining module and used for caching the data packets with the corresponding quantity in the cache region according to the maximum cache data packet quantity.
In a fifth aspect, the invention also provides a transmitter comprising a memory having a computer program stored therein and a processor arranged to run the computer program to implement the data transmission method of any one of the claims in the first aspect.
In a sixth aspect, the present invention also provides a receiver comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to implement the data transmission method according to the second aspect.
According to the data transmission method, the data transmission device, the transmitter and the receiver provided by the invention, whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network meets the service delay threshold of the cloud terminal is judged, if yes, the data packets can be cached in the current transmitter or the current receiver, and the maximum data packet number which can be cached in the current network is determined, so that the transmitter/the receiver can cache the data packets corresponding to the maximum data packet number in the cache region. The invention determines the number of the data packets which can be cached in the current cache area in real time to improve the influence of the current network delay on the service, thereby ensuring that the SRT always meets the service delay requirement of the cloud terminal, and simultaneously realizing a packet loss retransmission mechanism to ensure the data transmission quality and finally realizing the self-adaptability of the SRT to the cloud terminal service.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cache arrangement of the SRT protocol;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SRT ACK packet loss retransmission mechanism;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter according to embodiment 7 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is to be understood that the specific embodiments and figures described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention.
It is to be understood that the various embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It is to be understood that, for the convenience of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings of the present invention, and parts not related to the present invention are not shown in the drawings.
It should be understood that each unit and module related in the embodiments of the present invention may correspond to only one physical structure, and may also be composed of multiple physical structures, or multiple units and modules may also be integrated into one physical structure.
It will be understood that, without conflict, the functions, steps, etc. noted in the flowchart and block diagrams of the present invention may occur in an order different from that noted in the figures.
It is to be understood that the flowchart and block diagrams of the present invention illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, apparatus, devices and methods according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a unit, module, segment, code, which comprises executable instructions for implementing the specified function(s). Furthermore, each block or combination of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations can be implemented by a hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or by a combination of hardware and computer instructions.
It is to be understood that the units and modules involved in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by software, and may also be implemented by hardware, for example, the units and modules may be located in a processor.
Example 1:
the loss prevention of the SRT is mainly solved by buffering and a packet loss retransmission mechanism. As shown in fig. 1, the SRT has a receiving-end buffer at the receiving end, and a sending-end buffer send at the sending end, where the buffers are used to store data packets to be retransmitted. In addition, the Timestamp in the SRT control message represents a 32-bit Timestamp, so that the time of the message can be accurately recorded. The packet loss retransmission ACK (Acknowledgement) mechanism used by SRT, taking fig. 2 as an example, assumes that the sending-end buffer sends five data packets: 1. 2, 3, 4 and 5 to a receiving end buffer area, the receiving end buffer area sends ACK to the sending end buffer area after successfully receiving the data packets, wherein the acknowledgement indicates that the data packets are successfully received, the sending end recovers space after receiving the ACK, deletes the five data packets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and prepares to send a data packet 6. If the message is lost in the network transmission, the sending end will resend the message. In addition, SRT specifies ACKACK and RTT (Round Trip Time) for calculating network latency. After receiving the data packet, the receiving end feeds back ACK indicating successful reception to the transmitting end, and after receiving the ACK from the receiving end, the transmitting end sends an ACK to the opposite end to indicate reception of the ACK. The difference between the time of sending ACK at the receiving end and the time of receiving ACK at the corresponding ACKACK is RTT, which is a measure of time and represents the time consumed by one round trip of the message. Since the SRT cannot measure the time consumption of one direction, the present embodiment uses RTT/2 to represent the time consumption of one direction. The RTT is calculated by the receiving end, the calculated RTT is sent to the sending end through the ACK, and the sending end can acquire the transmission quality of the current network.
In this embodiment, by knowing the delay condition of the SRT transmitted on the current network and combining the requirement of the cloud terminal service on the delay, the influence of the network jitter on the data packets is judged, and the number of the data packets that can be cached in the current cache area is determined in real time, so that the self-adaptability of the SRT to the cloud terminal service is realized. For the sake of understanding the following embodiments, the parameters involved in the present embodiment are:
(1) INPUT _ delay, a service delay threshold, that is, the maximum delay required by a service end;
(2) Time _ data, the actual Time recorded by the Timestamp of Timestamp32 bits in the SRT control message;
(3) RTT, round trip delay, i.e. the time consumed by one round trip of a message;
(4) ONEWAY delay, ONEWAY _ delay = RTT/2;
(5) SEND _ bitrate _ max, the current maximum number of buffered packets;
(6) Δ Time _ data, the difference between packet times of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, i.e., Δ Time _ data = Time _ data n+1 -Time_data n ；
(7) SEND _ delay, transmission delay of the current network, SEND _ delay = ONEWAY _ delay + Δ Time _ data;
(8) Δ SEND _ delay, the difference between the transmission delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, i.e., Δ SEND _ delay = SEND _ delay n+1 -SEND_delay n ；
(9) Threshold, the second Threshold, i.e. the maximum allowed Threshold, may for example be set to 0.2 or some other value larger than 0. The purpose of setting the second threshold is to prevent the loss of packets due to short network jitter, thereby degrading video quality.
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a transmitter or an encoder, where the transmitter or the encoder is disposed on a cloud terminal, and the method includes:
step 101, obtaining the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network.
Specifically, acquiring the sending delay SEND _ delay of the current network includes: sending a traffic data packet to a receiver so that the receiver returns a Round Trip Time (RTT) to the sender according to the traffic data packet; meanwhile, acquiring first Time Time _ data corresponding to two adjacent timestamps in the control message 1 And a second Time Time _ data 2 (ii) a According to the RTT and the first Time Time _ data 1 And said second Time Time _ data 2 And calculating the sending delay SEND _ delay of the current network.
In this embodiment, the sender receives the RTT returned by the receiver, and calculates a half value (i.e., RTT/2) of the RTT to obtain the one-way delay ONEWAY _ delay; then, calculating the second Time Time _ data 2 And the first Time Time _ data 1 To obtain the data packet of two adjacent data transmissions of the current networkThe difference in Time Δ Time _ data; and calculating the sum of the difference delta Time _ data between the unidirectional Time delay ONEWAY _ delay and the data packet Time of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network to obtain the sending Time delay of the current network, namely SEND _ delay = ONEWAY _ delay + delta Time _ data.
Specifically, obtaining the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network includes: obtaining the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network according to the following formula: maximum allowed transmit delay of the current network = transmit delay of the current network x (1 + a second Threshold), where the second Threshold is the maximum allowed Threshold.
In the present embodiment, the second Threshold is greater than 0, and preferably may be set to 0.2. The maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network can be understood as the delay caused by packet loss retransmission due to small-scale jitter of the network in a short time can be tolerated on the basis of the transmission delay of the current network. In other words, by setting the second threshold (i.e. the maximum allowable threshold), it is possible to prevent the situation that the number of buffered packets is adjusted in real time due to small-scale jitter occurring in a short time of the network, so as to affect the discontinuity of the video stream and reduce the quality of service.
And 102, judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value.
In this embodiment, the transmitter may obtain the service delay threshold value INPUT _ delay from the service module, where the service delay threshold value is related to the service property. For example, remote operation requiring real-time interaction, the service delay threshold should be less than 50ms; and for the receiving end of the video conference, the service delay threshold value can be set to 80ms. The threshold is configured before the service is opened.
Step 103, in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of buffered data packets in the current buffer area.
In this embodiment, when INPUT _ delay > SEND _ delay (1 + threshold), the packet may be buffered in the buffer of the current transmitter, and the maximum number of buffered packets SEND _ bit _ max = INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay that can be buffered in the current buffer. It should be noted that, because the network delay is dynamically changed in the whole data transmission process, the maximum number of cache data packets in the cache region determined according to the transmission delay of the current network is also dynamically changed, and the SRT can be adapted to the delay requirement of the cloud terminal service by determining the number of data packets in the cache region in real time. If the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is greater than the service delay threshold, ending the process, which indicates that the SRT packet loss retransmission of the current network cannot meet the delay requirement of the service, so that the buffer area of the transmitter cannot store the data packet.
And 104, caching the data packets with the corresponding quantity in a cache region of the sending end according to the maximum quantity of the cached data packets.
Step 105, sending the data packet in the buffer to the receiver.
Optionally, after sending the data packet of the buffer to the receiver, the data transmission method further includes:
and 106, adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer area according to the change trend of the sending time delay of the current network.
In this embodiment, the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network may be calculated by the difference between the transmission delays of two adjacent data transmissions or the ratio of the transmission delays of the two adjacent data transmissions, for example, the ratio of the transmission delays of the two adjacent data transmissions is equal to the ratio of the transmission delay of the current network to the transmission delay of the network during the previous data transmission, and if the ratio of the transmission delays of the two adjacent data transmissions is greater than a third threshold (for example, the third threshold is 1), it indicates that the transmission delay is increased, and randomly deletes the target number of data packets in the buffer area; and if the ratio of the sending time delay of the two adjacent data transmissions is smaller than a third threshold value, the sending time delay is smaller, and the target number of data packets is increased in the buffer area. Because the network delay is dynamically changed in the whole data transmission process, the number of the data packets is adjusted in real time according to the change trend of the sending delay on the basis of the number of the cache data packets determined in the previous data transmission, so that the self-adaptive adjustment effect of the network can be quickly realized, and the influence of the network delay on the service can be quickly improved.
Optionally, step 106: adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer area according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network, specifically comprising:
step 1061, obtaining a difference between transmission delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, where the difference Δ SEND _ delay between the transmission delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is equal to the transmission delay SEND _ delay of the current network n+1 Subtracting the sending delay SEND _ delay of the network during the previous data transmission n 。
Step 1062, determining whether the difference Δ SEND _ delay between the sending delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold.
And step 1063, in response to that the difference Δ SEND _ delay between the sending delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold, randomly deleting a target number of data packets in the buffer area.
In this embodiment, the first threshold may be set to 0 when Δ SEND _ delay>And 0, the transmission delay is increased, and the target number of data packets in the buffer area are deleted randomly so as to reduce the transmission delay and improve the influence of the current network delay on the service. By adopting the mode of randomly deleting the data packets, the condition that the video is discontinuous due to the deletion of continuous data packets can be prevented. Wherein, the target number is equal to the maximum buffer data packet number of the current buffer minus the maximum buffer data packet number of the buffer during the previous data transmission, that is, the target number = SEND _ bitrate _ max n+1 -SEND_bitrate_max n 。
Optionally, step 106 further comprises:
step 1064, in response to that the difference between the sending delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is smaller than a first threshold, adding a target number of data packets in the buffer.
In this embodiment, when Δ SEND _ delay<0, it means that the transmission delay is reduced, the number of the data packets in the buffer area can be properly increased, and the target number is equal to the maximum number of the buffered data packets in the current buffer area minus the maximum number of the buffered data packets in the buffer area during the previous data transmission, that is, the target number = SEND _ bit _ max n+1 -SEND_bitrate_max n 。
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, this embodiment provides a data transmission method applied to a system, where the system includes a service module and a cloud terminal, and the cloud terminal includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter comprises a video stream cache, a data processing module, a data packet scheduling module and the like, wherein the data processing module is a newly added module, exchanges data with an original data packet scheduling module of the SRT, does not separately list the data packet scheduling module for convenient description, and is merged into the data processing module. Similarly, modules such as a receiver buffer set in the SRT protocol also exist in the receiver, and the receiver buffer is set to 0 in this embodiment, so that the receiver buffer does not need to be embodied in the method flow.
The data transmission method comprises the following steps:
s1, a data processing module of a transmitter reads INPUT _ delay from a service module, the parameter is related to service properties, and configuration is carried out before service is opened.
And S2, the data processing module sends the video data packet to the receiver and acquires the sending Time Time _ data1 and Time _ data2 recorded in two adjacent timestamps.
And S3, calculating delta Time _ data by the data processing module.
And S4, the receiver returns the ACK data of the first data packet, namely ACK1.
S5, the data processing module sends ACKACK1 to the receiver.
And S6, the receiver calculates RTT1 according to ACKACK1 and sends the RTT1 to the data processing module.
S7, the data processing module firstly calculates ONEWAY _ delay1 according to ONEWAY _ delay = RTT/2, and then calculates the sending delay SEND _ delay1 of the current network according to SEND _ delay = ONEWAY _ delay + delta Time _ data.
S8, the digital processing module judges that when INPUT _ delay > SEND _ delay 1+ (1 + Threshold), the maximum buffer data packet number SEND _ bitrate _ max1= INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay1 in the video stream buffer is set.
And S9, the system sends a data packet according to the normal flow of the SRT, and performs data caching and interaction of parameters such as AKC, ACKACK, RTT and the like.
And S10, synchronously calculating the SEND _ delay2 in real time by the data processing module.
S11, the data processing module calculates Δ SEND _ delay according to the change of SEND _ delay, i.e. Δ SEND _ delay = SEND _ delay n+1 -SEND_delay n 。
S12, if the delta SEND _ delay is less than 0, adjusting SEND _ bitrate _ max2 to be INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay2, indicating that the video stream is cached in a cache space which is increased after the original cache (SEND _ bitrate _ max2-SEND _ bitrate _ max 1), and filling the newly added data packet according to time; if Δ SEND _ delay >0, adjust SEND _ bitrate _ max2 to INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay2, and indicate that the video stream buffer randomly deletes (SEND _ bitrate _ max2-SEND _ bitrate _ max 1) packets in the buffer space of SEND _ bitrate _ max 1.
And S13, the video stream cache adjusts the cache according to the parameters given by the data processing module.
In the data transmission method provided in embodiments 1 and 2, by determining whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network meets a service delay threshold of the cloud terminal, if yes, the data packet may be cached at the current transmitting end, and the maximum number of the data packets that can be cached in the current network is determined, so that the transmitting end caches the data packet corresponding to the maximum number of the data packets in the current cache region, and transmits the data packet in the cache region to the receiver. The method comprises the steps of determining the number of data packets which can be cached in the current cache region in real time to improve the influence of the current network delay on the service, so that the SRT always meets the service delay requirement of the cloud terminal, and meanwhile, a packet loss retransmission mechanism is realized to ensure the data transmission quality and finally realize the self-adaptability of the SRT to the cloud terminal service. Particularly, the second threshold is set in the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network, so that the situation that the number of the buffered data packets is adjusted in real time due to small-scale jitter generated in a short time of the network to influence the discontinuity of the video stream and reduce the service quality can be prevented. In addition, the mode of deleting the data packets randomly is adopted, so that the condition that the video is discontinuous due to the fact that continuous data packets are deleted can be prevented.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a receiver or a decoder, wherein the receiver or the decoder is arranged on a cloud terminal, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 301, obtaining the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network.
Step 302, determining whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold.
Step 303, in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining a ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of buffered data packets in the current buffer.
Step 304, receiving the data packet sent by the sender.
And 305, caching a corresponding number of data packets in a cache region according to the maximum cache data packet number.
In this embodiment, only the buffer area of the receiver is adjusted so that the SRT is applicable to the cloud terminal service.
Optionally, at step 305: after the corresponding number of data packets are cached in the cache region according to the maximum number of the cached data packets, the data transmission method further comprises the following steps: and adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer area according to the change trend of the transmission delay of the current network.
Optionally, adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network specifically includes: acquiring the difference of the sending time delay of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, wherein the difference of the sending time delay of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is equal to the sending time delay of the current network minus the sending time delay of the previous data transmission; judging whether the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold value; and randomly deleting the target number of data packets in the buffer area in response to the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network being greater than a first threshold value.
Optionally, adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network further includes: and in response to the difference between the sending time delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network being smaller than a first threshold value, increasing a target number of data packets in the buffer area.
Optionally, the obtaining of the sending delay of the current network specifically includes: receiving a flow data packet sent by a sender to calculate Round Trip Time (RTT), and acquiring a first time and a second time corresponding to two adjacent timestamps in a control message; and calculating the sending time delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time and the second time.
In this embodiment, since the receiver calculates the RTT by itself, the difference from embodiment 1 is that it is not necessary to return the RTT to the sender.
Optionally, calculating a sending delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time, and the second time, specifically including: calculating the half value of the RTT to obtain one-way time delay; calculating the difference value between the second moment and the first moment to obtain the difference between the data packet time of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network; and calculating the sum of the one-way time delay and the time difference of the data packets transmitted by the two adjacent data of the current network so as to obtain the sending time delay of the current network.
Optionally, the obtaining of the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network specifically includes: obtaining the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network according to the following formula: maximum allowed transmit delay of the current network = transmit delay of the current network x (1 + a second threshold), where the second threshold is the maximum allowed threshold.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 5, this embodiment provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a system, where the system includes a service module and a cloud terminal, and the cloud terminal includes a transmitter and a receiver. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the data processing module is disposed in the receiver, and the data stream buffering module is also disposed in the receiver. Since the ACKACK sent by the sender can be received in the receiver, the RTT need not be embodied in the flow of the data transmission method. Also for convenience of description, the sender buffer is set to 0.
The data transmission method comprises the following steps:
s21, the data processing module of the receiver reads the INPUT _ delay from the service module, where the parameter is related to the service property, and is configured before service activation.
S22, the sender sends the video data packet to the data processing module of the receiver, and the data processing module of the receiver acquires the sending Time Time _ data1 and Time _ data2 recorded in two adjacent timestamps.
S23, the data processing module calculates delta Time _ data.
And S24, the data processing module returns the ACK data of the first data packet, namely ACK1.
S25, the data processing module receives ACKACK1 sent by the sender.
And S26, the data processing module calculates RTT1 according to ACKACK1.
S27, the data processing module first calculates ONEWAY _ delay1 according to ONEWAY _ delay = RTT/2, and then calculates the transmission delay SEND _ delay1 of the current network according to SEND _ delay = ONEWAY _ delay + Δ Time _ data.
S28, the digital processing module judges that when INPUT _ delay > SEND _ delay 1+ (1 + Threshold), the maximum buffer data packet number SEND _ bitrate _ max1= INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay1 in the video stream buffer module is set.
S29, the system sends data packets according to the normal flow of the SRT, and performs data caching and interaction of parameters such as AKC, ACKACK, RTT and the like.
And S30, synchronously calculating the SEND _ delay2 in real time by the data processing module.
S31, the data processing module calculates Δ SEND _ delay according to the change of SEND _ delay, i.e. Δ SEND _ delay = SEND _ delay2-SEND _ delay1.
S32, if the delta SEND _ delay is less than 0, adjusting the SEND _ bitrate _ max2 to be INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay2, and indicating that the video stream is cached in a cache space increased (SEND _ bitrate _ max2-SEND _ bitrate _ max 1) after the original cache, wherein the newly added data packet fills the data packet according to time; if Δ SEND _ delay >0, adjust SEND _ bitrate _ max2 to INPUT _ delay/SEND _ delay2, and indicate that the video stream buffer randomly deletes (SEND _ bitrate _ max2-SEND _ bitrate _ max 1) packets in the buffer space of SEND _ bitrate _ max 1.
And S33, the video stream cache module adjusts the cache according to the parameters given by the data processing module.
In the data transmission method provided in embodiments 3 to 4, by determining whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network meets the service delay threshold of the cloud terminal, if yes, the data packet may be cached at the current receiving end, and the maximum number of data packets cacheable in the current network is determined, so that the receiving end caches data packets corresponding to the maximum number of data packets in the cache region. The number of data packets which can be cached in the current cache region is determined in real time, so that the influence of the current network delay on the service is improved, the SRT is enabled to realize a packet loss retransmission mechanism under the condition that the SRT always meets the service delay requirement of the cloud terminal, the data transmission quality is guaranteed, and the self-adaptability of the SRT to the cloud terminal service is finally realized. Particularly, the second threshold is set in the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network, so that the situation that the number of the buffered data packets is adjusted in real time due to small-scale jitter generated in a short time of the network to influence the discontinuity of the video stream and reduce the service quality can be prevented. In addition, the mode of deleting the data packets randomly is adopted, so that the condition that the video is discontinuous due to the fact that continuous data packets are deleted can be prevented.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a data transmission apparatus applied to a transmitter, including:
a first obtaining module 61, configured to obtain the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network.
The first determining module 62 is connected to the first obtaining module 61, and is configured to determine whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold.
A first determining module 63, connected to the first determining module 62, configured to determine, in response to that the maximum allowed transmission delay of the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, a ratio between the service delay threshold and the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of buffered data packets in the current buffer area.
And the first cache module 64 is connected to the first determining module 63, and is configured to cache, in the cache area of the sending end, a corresponding number of data packets according to the maximum number of cache data packets.
And the sending module 65 is connected with the first buffer module 64 and is used for sending the data packet of the buffer area to the receiver.
Optionally, the data transmission apparatus further includes: and the first adjusting module is connected with the first cache module and used for adjusting the number of the data packets in the cache region according to the change trend of the transmission delay of the current network.
Optionally, the first adjusting module is specifically configured to obtain a difference between transmission delays of two adjacent data transmissions of a current network, where the difference between the transmission delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is equal to a difference obtained by subtracting the transmission delay of the previous data transmission from the transmission delay of the current network; the network node is also used for judging whether the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold value; and the data transmission device is used for responding to the difference between the sending time delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network being larger than a first threshold value, and randomly deleting the target number of data packets in the buffer area.
Optionally, the first adjusting module is further configured to increase a target number of data packets in the buffer area in response to that a difference between transmission delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is smaller than a first threshold.
Optionally, the first obtaining module includes a first obtaining unit and a first calculating unit.
A first obtaining unit, configured to send a traffic data packet to a receiver, so that the receiver returns a round trip time RTT to the sender according to the traffic data packet; meanwhile, a first time and a second time corresponding to two adjacent timestamps in the control message are obtained.
And the first calculating unit is connected with the first acquiring unit and used for calculating the sending time delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time and the second time.
Optionally, the first calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a half value of the RTT to obtain a one-way delay, and calculate a difference between the second time and the first time to obtain a difference between data packet times of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network; and the time delay unit is used for calculating the sum of the one-way time delay and the time difference of the data packets transmitted by two adjacent data of the current network so as to obtain the sending time delay of the current network.
Optionally, the first obtaining unit is further configured to obtain a maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network according to the following formula: maximum allowed transmit delay for the current network = transmit delay for the current network (1 + a second threshold), where the second threshold is the maximum allowed threshold.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a data transmission apparatus applied to a receiver, including:
a second obtaining module 71, configured to obtain the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network.
The second determining module 72 is connected to the second obtaining module 71, and is configured to determine whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold.
A second determining module 73, connected to the second determining module 72, configured to determine, in response to that the maximum allowed transmission delay of the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, a ratio between the service delay threshold and the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of buffered data packets in the current buffer.
And a receiving module 74, configured to receive the data packet sent by the sender.
The second buffering module 75 is connected to the receiving module 74 and the second determining module 73, and is configured to buffer a corresponding number of data packets in the buffer according to the maximum number of buffered data packets.
Optionally, the data transmission apparatus further includes: and a second adjusting module.
And the second adjusting module is connected with the second cache module and used for adjusting the number of the data packets in the cache region according to the change trend of the transmission delay of the current network.
Optionally, the second adjusting module is specifically configured to obtain a difference between transmission delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, where the difference between the transmission delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is equal to a difference obtained by subtracting the transmission delay of the previous data transmission from the transmission delay of the current network; the network node is also used for judging whether the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold value; and the data transmission device is used for responding to the difference between the sending time delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network being larger than a first threshold value, and randomly deleting the target number of data packets in the buffer area.
Optionally, the second adjusting module is further configured to increase a target number of data packets in the buffer in response to that a difference between sending delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is smaller than a first threshold.
Optionally, the second acquiring module includes a second acquiring unit and a second calculating unit.
A second obtaining unit, configured to receive a traffic data packet sent by a sender and calculate a round trip time RTT; and meanwhile, the method is used for acquiring a first time and a second time corresponding to two adjacent timestamps in the control message.
And the second calculating unit is connected with the second acquiring unit and used for calculating the sending time delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time and the second time.
Optionally, the second calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a half value of the RTT to obtain a one-way delay, and calculate a difference between the second time and the first time to obtain a difference between data packet times of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network; and the time delay unit is used for calculating the sum of the one-way time delay and the time difference of the data packets transmitted by two adjacent data of the current network so as to obtain the sending time delay of the current network.
Optionally, the second obtaining unit is further configured to obtain a maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network according to the following formula: maximum allowed transmit delay of the current network = transmit delay of the current network x (1 + a second threshold), where the second threshold is the maximum allowed threshold.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment provides a transmitter including a memory 81 and a processor 82, the memory 81 storing therein a computer program, and the processor 82 being configured to execute the computer program to implement the data transmission method as described in embodiment 1.
Example 8:
the present embodiment provides a receiver comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to implement the data transmission method according to embodiment 3.
Example 5-example 6 provide a data transmission apparatus, example 7 provide a transmitter, and example 8 provide a receiver, wherein a data processing module is added to the SRT transmitter or receiver for determining whether the real-time delay of the current network matches the delay required by the service, and for adjusting a buffer in the transmitter or receiver to improve the effect of the network delay on the service; by adding the maximum threshold value allowed by the algorithm for adjusting the buffer in the SRT transmitter/receiver, the buffer modification caused by small-scale jitter in a short time of a network can be prevented from influencing the discontinuity of a video stream. In addition, for the condition that the buffer memory needs to be reduced, the mode of randomly deleting the data packets is adopted, so that the condition of video discontinuity caused by deleting continuous data packets can be prevented.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

1. A data transmission method, applied to a transmitter, the method comprising:
acquiring the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network;
judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value or not;
in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of cache data packets in the current cache region;
caching a corresponding number of data packets in a cache region of a sending end according to the maximum cache data packet number;
and sending the data packet of the buffer area to a receiver.
2. The data transmission method according to claim 1, further comprising, after sending the packet in the buffer to the receiver:
and adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer area according to the change trend of the sending time delay of the current network.
3. The data transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting the number of the data packets in the buffer according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network specifically comprises:
acquiring the difference of the sending time delay of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network, wherein the difference of the sending time delay of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is equal to the sending time delay of the current network minus the sending time delay of the previous data transmission;
judging whether the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network is greater than a first threshold value;
and randomly deleting the target number of data packets in the buffer area in response to the difference between the sending time delays of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network being greater than a first threshold value.
4. The data transmission method according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting the number of packets in the buffer according to the variation trend of the transmission delay of the current network further comprises:
and in response to the difference between the sending time delays of two adjacent data transmissions of the current network being smaller than a first threshold value, increasing a target number of data packets in the buffer area.
5. The data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the transmission delay of the current network specifically includes:
sending a traffic data packet to a receiver so that the receiver returns a Round Trip Time (RTT) to the sender according to the traffic data packet; meanwhile, acquiring a first time and a second time corresponding to two adjacent timestamps in the control message;
and calculating the sending time delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time and the second time.
6. The data transmission method according to claim 5, wherein calculating the transmission delay of the current network according to the RTT, the first time, and the second time specifically includes:
calculating the half value of the RTT to obtain one-way time delay;
calculating the difference value between the second moment and the first moment to obtain the difference between the data packet time of the two adjacent data transmissions of the current network;
and calculating the sum of the one-way time delay and the time difference of the data packets transmitted by the two adjacent data of the current network so as to obtain the sending time delay of the current network.
7. The data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network specifically includes:
obtaining the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network according to the following formula:
maximum allowed transmit delay of the current network = transmit delay of the current network x (1 + a second threshold), where the second threshold is the maximum allowed threshold.
8. A data transmission method applied to a receiver, the method comprising:
acquiring the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network;
judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value or not;
in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, determining the ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of cache data packets in the current cache region;
receiving a data packet sent by a sender;
and caching the data packets with the corresponding quantity in the cache region according to the maximum cache data packet quantity.
9. A data transmission apparatus, applied to a transmitter, comprising:
a first obtaining module, configured to obtain the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network,
a first judging module connected with the first acquiring module for judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than a service delay threshold value,
a first determining module, connected to the first determining module, for determining a ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of buffered packets in the current buffer area in response to that the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold,
a first buffer module connected with the first determining module for buffering a corresponding number of data packets in a buffer area of the transmitting end according to the maximum number of buffered data packets,
and the sending module is connected with the first cache module and is used for sending the data packet in the cache region to the receiver.
10. A data transmission apparatus, applied to a receiver, comprising:
a second obtaining module, configured to obtain the transmission delay of the current network and the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network,
a second judging module connected with the second acquiring module for judging whether the maximum transmission delay allowed by the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold value,
a second determining module, connected to the second determining module, for determining, in response to that the maximum allowed transmission delay of the current network is smaller than the service delay threshold, a ratio of the service delay threshold to the transmission delay of the current network as the maximum number of buffered packets in the current buffer area,
a receiving module for receiving the data packet sent by the sender,
and the second cache module is connected with the receiving module and the second determining module and used for caching the data packets with the corresponding quantity in the cache region according to the maximum cache data packet quantity.
11. A transmitter, characterized in that it comprises a memory in which a computer program is stored and a processor arranged to run the computer program to implement the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-7.
12. A receiver, characterized in that it comprises a memory in which a computer program is stored and a processor arranged to run the computer program to implement the data transmission method according to claim 8.
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