CN115347832A - Permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method and range hood - Google Patents

Permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method and range hood Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115347832A
CN115347832A CN202210137704.8A CN202210137704A CN115347832A CN 115347832 A CN115347832 A CN 115347832A CN 202210137704 A CN202210137704 A CN 202210137704A CN 115347832 A CN115347832 A CN 115347832A
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motor
rotating speed
electric
pole pair
permanent magnet
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Inventor
陶梦妍
曹明锋
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Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
    • H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation

Abstract

The invention relates to an online detection method for the pole pair number of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following steps: s1, for each known pole pair number n i The motor samples to be used are controlled to carry out electric rotating speed detection work by the load of a production line so as to obtain corresponding electric rotating speed data w ei And further determining the electric rotating speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei And storing; s2, controlling the motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line to perform electric rotation speed detection work under the condition that the initial rotation speed V of the motor is less than or equal to Vmin, and further acquiring electric rotation speed data w of the motor ed (ii) a Wherein Vmin is a set small rotating speed threshold; s3, mixing w ed With electric speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei And performing comparison calculation to further determine corresponding pole pair number data n of the motor. The method is used for the motorThe detection cost of the pole pair number is low, the accuracy is high and the automation degree is high. The invention also relates to a range hood applying the permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method.

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method and range hood
Technical Field
The invention relates to an online detection method for the number of pole pairs of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and also relates to a range hood applying the online detection method for the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background
The permanent magnet synchronous motor (also called PMSM) has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume, low noise and the like, and is widely applied to the range hood. Key working parameters such as air quantity, noise, static pressure and the like in the range hood and mechanical rotation speed omega of PMSM m Closely related, while the drive control of the PMSM can only recognize the electric rotation speed ω e And ω is e ＝ω m *P n In which P is n Is the number of pole pairs. Thus in P n In the known case of (2), the corresponding mechanical rotation speed ω can be easily obtained m Thereby controlling the working parameters of the range hood. But the manufacturing parameter P is different due to different motor manufacturers n Not the same, therefore, the number of pole pairs P of the motor is needed n The identification detection of (2).
When the same range hood is applied to motors with different number of pole pairs, the number of pole pairs also needs to be identified in advance, otherwise, the calculation of mechanical angular velocity is not accurate, and the air volume/noise of the range hood is unqualified. And the motor manufacturer can be determined only when the range hood is assembled on a production line, and the motor drive plate can not preset the information of the number of pole pairs, so that the number of the pole pairs P of the motor is required to be carried out when the range hood is assembled n And (4) factory identification detection.
The number of pole pairs P of the motor adopted at present n The identification scheme mainly comprises the following two technical schemes:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, motor parameters are identified and issued according to a hardware dial switch, namely when an IO port detects that the dial switch is in a high level, the number of pole pairs of a motor is m; when the IO port detection dial switch is in a low level, the number of pole pairs of the motor is n. The technical scheme needs the support of a hardware circuit, and has high cost; and production line workman need train, according to the difference of motor, carries out the dial-up, relies on manual work, and dial-up error rate is high.
Secondly, acquiring the mechanical angle theta of the motor by using an external detection device m Mechanical speed omega m From the electrical angle theta given in the program e Electric rotational speed omega e Electric frequency comparison f e Obtaining the information of the number of pole pairs, such as the application numbers CN201710807927.X,The technical scheme is adopted in patent applications of CN201811587524.X, CN201911343055.1 and CN201911343055.1 to realize the detection of the number of pole pairs of the motor. However, the detection of the number of pole pairs of the motor by using the technical scheme needs an external rotating speed detection device, and after the number of pole pairs is detected and information of the number of pole pairs is obtained, the number of pole pairs of the drive plate can be set, but the process of a production line is slowed down and the operation is complex when program burning is carried out on the production line; i.e. the solution cannot perform online identification.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an online detection method for pole pair number of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is low in cost, high in accuracy and high in automation degree, aiming at the above prior art.
The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a range hood applying the above-mentioned method for detecting the number of pole pairs of a permanent magnet synchronous motor on line in view of the above-mentioned prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: a permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number on-line detection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, for each known pole pair number n i The motor samples to be used are controlled to carry out electric rotating speed detection work by the load of a production line so as to obtain corresponding electric rotating speed data w ei And further determining the electric rotating speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei Storing, wherein i is a positive integer, and i represents a motor sample label;
s2, controlling the motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line to perform electric rotation speed detection work under the condition that the initial rotation speed V of the motor is less than or equal to Vmin, and further acquiring electric rotation speed data w of the motor ed (ii) a Wherein Vmin is a set small rotating speed threshold;
s3, mixing w ed And the electric rotating speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei And performing comparison calculation to further determine corresponding pole pair number data n of the motor.
Simple calculation, in S3, Δ w is calculated ei ＝|w ed －w ei |；
Obtaining Δ w ei The most excellent ofThe small value of the corresponding motor sample label x further determines that the number n of pole pairs of the motor is n x 。
Preferably, in S2, an initial rotation speed V of a motor with a pole pair number to be determined on the production line is detected and obtained, and if V is less than or equal to Vmin, the current motor is controlled to directly perform electric rotation speed detection, so as to obtain electric rotation speed data w of the current motor ed (ii) a And if V is larger than Vmin, controlling the current motor to brake, and after the current motor stops rotating, controlling the current single machine to start with constant torque so as to detect the electric rotating speed of the current motor.
Simply and accurately, the electrical speed detection operation comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring an initial rotating speed of a motor;
s200, controlling the constant-torque driving motor to rotate under the condition that the initial rotating speed of the motor is not greater than Vmin;
s300, after the motor stably runs, controlling the motor to brake, and detecting the three-phase current of the motor;
s400, detecting and obtaining the three-phase current I of the motor at a certain moment T0 after the three-phase current is stable af 、I bf 、I cf And according to the three-phase current I of the motor af 、I bf 、I cf Carrying out phase judgment;
s400, detecting three-phase current I 'of the motor at time T1 in subsequent processes' af 、I′ bf 、I′ cf Corresponding phase and T 0 If the phases at all times are consistent, the motor rotor is judged to pass through an electric cycle T e_period ＝T 1 -T 0 ；
S400, calculating the electric speed of the motor according to the electric cycle
Figure BDA0003505628040000021
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the second technical problem is as follows: the utility model provides a range hood, includes the fan, its characterized in that: the motor in the fan adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and when the range hood is on a production line, the detection of the number of pole pairs of the motor in the fan adopts the online detection method of the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the online detection method for the pole pair number of the permanent magnet synchronous motor considers the principle that the electric angular velocity of motors with different pole pair numbers has difference when the motors have the same mechanical rotating speed; the principle that the mechanical rotating speeds of the motors are the same when the motors are loaded with the same torque input is utilized; the method for detecting the pole pair number of the permanent magnet synchronous motor on line has the advantages that the accuracy and the automation degree of the obtained pole pair number of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are high, manual operation is avoided, a dial switch and a peripheral circuit of the dial switch are not needed, and the detection cost is reduced.
The range hood applying the permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method can automatically complete the determination of the base pair number through simple motor control when determining the motor pair number of the motor in the range hood on a production line, is more intelligent, reduces the detection cost and reduces the operation difficulty.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an online detection method for pole pair numbers of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an electrical rotational speed detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following examples of the drawings.
Mechanical speed omega of PMSM motor m With electrical speed omega e The following relationships exist: omega m *P n ＝ω e In which P is n Is the number of pole pairs.
When two PMSM motors A and B with different pole pairs have similar friction coefficients and the same rotational inertia (namely the same load), and the same torque is input to start, the mechanical rotating speed omega is in the same time m The same is true.
Therefore, the number of pole pairs is m and n respectively, and the motor a and the motor B with the same load have the following relationship in the same time when the same torque is started:
Figure BDA0003505628040000031
wherein
Figure BDA0003505628040000032
Is the mechanical rotational speed of the motor a,
Figure BDA0003505628040000033
is the mechanical rotating speed of the motor B, m is the pole pair number of the motor A, n is the pole pair number of the motor B,
Figure BDA0003505628040000034
is the electrical rotational speed of the motor a,
Figure BDA0003505628040000035
the electrical speed of motor B.
Therefore, the following relationship can be derived:
Figure BDA0003505628040000036
namely, it is
Figure BDA0003505628040000037
And
Figure BDA0003505628040000038
there is a difference because the number of pole pairs m and n is different.
When a product with the motor is produced, the known motors with different pole pair numbers can be adopted, and the pole pair number of the motor in each product needs to be determined on a production line.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting the number of pole pairs of a permanent magnet synchronous motor on line in the embodiment includes the following steps.
S1, outside a production line, preferably selecting known pole pair numbers n i The motor sample to be used is used for calibrating the electric rotating speed value so as to be used when the number of the motor pole pairs in each product on a production line is determined.
In particular, for each known number of pole pairs n i The motor samples to be used are controlled to carry out electric rotating speed detection work by the load of a production line so as to obtain corresponding electric rotating speed data w ei . In which the electrical speed is detectedThe following method was used for detection.
Obtaining the electric rotating speed data w of each motor sample ei Determined as the electrical rotation speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei And storing the number of the motor pole pairs in a production line to be used for detecting the number of the motor pole pairs in each product, wherein i is a positive integer and represents a motor sample label. If the number of the motor samples to be used is two, respectively acquiring the electric rotating speed data w of the two motor samples e1 And w e2 And electrical rotational speed data w e1 And w e2 The number of pole pairs of the corresponding motor samples is n 1 And n 2 。
And S2, for each motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line, the load of the motor is basically kept fixed, namely the load of the production line.
And for each motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line, controlling to carry out electric rotation speed detection work under the condition that the initial rotation speed V of the motor is less than or equal to Vmin. The Vmin is a set small rotating speed threshold value, the Vmin is a small rotating speed value, namely when the motor is basically in a zero rotating speed state, the motor is controlled to carry out electric rotating speed detection work, the motor can be in the same working state when the motor sample detects the electric rotating speed, namely, the motor sample can be in the same mechanical rotating speed state, and the number of pole pairs can be determined according to electric rotating speed data based on the principle.
Acquiring electric rotating speed data w of the motor based on the electric rotating speed detection work of the motor ed 。
When the electric rotating speed detection work is needed, the rotating speed condition of the motor on the production line is not determined, so that the initial rotating speed V of the motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line is firstly detected and obtained, and the initial rotating speed is the mechanical rotating speed of the motor, wherein the obtaining method of the initial rotating speed can adopt various methods in the prior art to obtain the initial rotating speed. If V is less than or equal to Vmin, controlling to directly detect the current electric rotating speed of the motor, and further acquiring the current electric rotating speed data w of the motor ed . If V is more than Vmin, the current motor is controlled to brake, and after the current motor stops rotating, the current single machine constant torque is controlled to start, so that the current motor electric rotating speed detection is carried outDo this.
S3, mixing w ed With electric speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei And carrying out comparison calculation to further determine the corresponding pole pair number data n of the motor. Specifically, Δ w is calculated ei ＝|w ed －w ei L, |; obtaining Δ w ei The mark number x of the motor sample corresponding to the minimum value in the motor is determined, x belongs to i, and the number n of the pole pairs of the motor is determined to be n x 。
As shown in fig. 2, the foregoing electrical rotation speed detection specifically includes the following steps:
s100, acquiring an initial rotating speed of a motor;
s200, controlling the constant-torque driving motor to rotate under the condition that the initial rotating speed of the motor is not greater than Vmin;
s300, after the motor stably runs, namely after the PWM output duty ratio is fixed, controlling the motor to brake, and detecting the three-phase current of the motor; the brake is utilized to detect the three-phase current period and judge the time consumption/electric rotating speed of one electric period;
s400, detecting and obtaining the three-phase current I of the motor at a certain moment T0 after the three-phase current is stable af 、I bf 、I cf And according to the three-phase current I of the motor af 、I bf 、I cf Carrying out phase judgment;
s400, detecting three-phase current I 'of the motor at time T1 in subsequent processes' af 、I′ bf 、I′ cf Corresponding phase and T 0 If the phases are consistent, the motor rotor is judged to pass through an electric period T e_period ＝T 1 -T 0 ；
S400, calculating the electric speed of the motor according to the electric cycle
Figure BDA0003505628040000041
When the electric rotating speed detection working method is used for a motor sample, electric rotating speed data w is correspondingly obtained through detection ei . When the electric rotating speed detection working method is used for a motor with pole pair number to be determined on a production line, electric rotating speed data w are correspondingly detected and acquired ed 。
Since the motor sample to be used is usually in a stationary state when the electric rotation speed detection work is required, that is, the initial speed (mechanical rotation speed) of the motor sample is 0, the motor sample starts to work at a constant torque from the stationary state. For the motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line, the mechanical rotating speed condition of the motor is not determined when the electrical rotating speed detection work is required, so that the motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line is started to work at constant torque in a state that the initial rotating speed is not more than Vmin or in a static state by adopting the method in the S2, and the mechanical rotating speed condition which is almost consistent with that of the motor sample when the electrical rotating speed detection work is carried out is further kept.
Therefore, the online detection method for the pole pair number of the permanent magnet synchronous motor considers the principle that the electrical angular speed is different when the motors with different pole pair numbers and the same mechanical rotating speed are utilized; the principle that the mechanical rotating speeds of the motors are the same when the motors are loaded with the same torque input is utilized; the method for online detecting the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages that the accuracy and the automation degree of the number of pole pairs of the motor obtained by the method for online detecting the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are high, manual operation is avoided, a dial switch and a peripheral circuit of the dial switch are not needed, and the detection cost is reduced.
The invention also relates to a range hood, which comprises a fan, wherein a motor in the fan adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and when the range hood is on a production line, the detection of the number of pole pairs of the motor in the fan adopts the online detection method of the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. On a production line, after the pole pair number data of the motor is obtained, the pole pair number data is written into a control system of the range hood.
The range hood applying the permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number on-line detection method can automatically complete the determination of the base pair number through simple motor control when determining the motor pair number of the motor in the range hood on a production line, is more intelligent, reduces the detection cost and reduces the operation difficulty.

Claims (5)

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number on-line detection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, for each known pole pair number n i To be used motorThe samples are controlled to carry out electric rotating speed detection work by the load of the production line so as to obtain corresponding electric rotating speed data w ei And further determining the electric rotating speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei Storing, wherein i is a positive integer, and i represents a motor sample label;
s2, controlling the motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on the production line to perform electric rotation speed detection work under the condition that the initial rotation speed V of the motor is less than or equal to Vmin, and further acquiring electric rotation speed data w of the motor ed (ii) a Wherein Vmin is a set small rotating speed threshold;
s3, mixing w ed With electric speed calibration value w of each motor sample ei And performing comparison calculation to further determine corresponding pole pair number data n of the motor.
2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S3, Δ w is calculated ei ＝|w ed －w ei |；
Obtaining Δ w ei The motor sample label x corresponding to the minimum value in the step (2) further determines that the number n of pole pairs of the motor is n x 。
3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair online detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: s2, detecting and acquiring the initial rotating speed V of a motor with the number of pole pairs to be determined on a production line, if the V is less than or equal to Vmin, controlling to directly detect the electric rotating speed of the current motor, and further acquiring the electric rotating speed data w of the current motor ed (ii) a And if V is larger than Vmin, controlling the current motor to brake, and after the current motor stops rotating, controlling the current single machine to start with constant torque so as to detect the electric rotating speed of the current motor.
4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair online detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the electric rotation speed detection work comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring an initial rotating speed of a motor;
s200, controlling the constant-torque driving motor to rotate under the condition that the initial rotating speed of the motor is not greater than Vmin;
s300, after the motor stably runs, controlling the motor to brake, and detecting the three-phase current of the motor;
s400, detecting and obtaining the three-phase current I of the motor at a certain moment T0 after the three-phase current is stable af 、I bf 、I cf And according to the three-phase current I of the motor af 、I bf 、I cf Carrying out phase judgment;
s400, detecting three-phase current I 'of the motor at time T1 in subsequent processes' af 、I′ bf 、I′ cf Corresponding phase and T 0 If the phases at all times are consistent, the motor rotor is judged to pass through an electric cycle T e_period ＝T1-T0；
S400, calculating the electric speed of the motor according to the electric cycle
Figure FDA0003505628030000011
5. The utility model provides a range hood, includes the fan, its characterized in that: the motor in the fan is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and when the range hood is on a production line, the detection of the number of pole pairs of the motor in the fan adopts the permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair online detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202210137704.8A 2022-02-15 2022-02-15 Permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method and range hood Pending CN115347832A (en)

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CN202210137704.8A CN115347832A (en) 2022-02-15 2022-02-15 Permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method and range hood

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210137704.8A CN115347832A (en) 2022-02-15 2022-02-15 Permanent magnet synchronous motor pole pair number online detection method and range hood

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