CN115347742A - Direct current motor - Google Patents
Direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115347742A CN115347742A CN202211276362.4A CN202211276362A CN115347742A CN 115347742 A CN115347742 A CN 115347742A CN 202211276362 A CN202211276362 A CN 202211276362A CN 115347742 A CN115347742 A CN 115347742A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly discloses a direct current motor which comprises a motor main body and a motor controller, wherein a speed measuring component is arranged at one end of the motor main body, which is far away from an output end, and a cooling component is also arranged on the motor main body; the motor main body comprises a main shaft, the speed measuring assembly comprises a magnetic ring and a Hall sensor, the magnetic ring is arranged on the main shaft, an encoder is arranged on the circumferential direction of the magnetic ring, and the Hall sensor and the encoder keep a specific distance; the motor controller detects the rotating speed of the motor main body through the Hall sensor, and judges the concentricity of the main shaft of the motor main body through the detection waveform of the Hall sensor; the invention can further detect the rotating speed of the motor main body through the Hall sensor, and can further judge the concentricity state of the main shaft through the waveform quality detected by the Hall sensor through the limitation on the installation position of the Hall sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a direct current motor.
Background
A dc motor is an electromagnetic device capable of converting dc electrical energy into mechanical energy or vice versa.
The motor obtains the rotating speed parameter in the running process and plays an important role in the whole system, and for the speed measuring mode of the motor, a plurality of modes are realized in the prior art, for example, the rotor of the speed measuring generator cuts magnetic lines of force to generate induced electromotive force by the principle that the output voltage is in direct proportion to the rotating speed, the induced electromotive force is larger when the speed is higher, the dynamic response of the mode is slower, and the measurement error is larger when the speed is lower; the photoelectric digital speed measurement is also a method for measuring the rotating speed of the motor, the motor drives the encoder to rotate to send high-speed pulses, and then higher measurement accuracy is obtained, and the method also has the defect of complex structural arrangement.
The detection of the rotating speed of the motor through the Hall element is also a common speed measurement mode, the mode has better measurement accuracy, but the heating of the motor easily causes the failure of the Hall element; meanwhile, the direct current motor is easy to wear after being used for a period of time, so that the concentricity is deviated, the concentricity detection needs professional equipment, and the judgment is difficult to be directly carried out through the electric power parameters of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct current motor, which solves the following technical problems:
how to judge the motor rotation speed and preliminarily judge the concentricity of the motor.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a direct current motor comprises a motor main body and a motor controller, wherein a speed measuring assembly is arranged at one end of the motor main body, which is far away from an output end, and a cooling assembly is also arranged on the motor main body;
the motor main body comprises a main shaft, the speed measuring assembly comprises a magnetic ring and a Hall sensor, the magnetic ring is arranged on the main shaft, an encoder is arranged on the circumferential direction of the magnetic ring, and the Hall sensor and the encoder keep a specific distance;
the motor controller detects the rotating speed of the motor main body through the Hall sensor, and judges the concentricity of the main shaft of the motor main body through the detection waveform of the Hall sensor.
In one embodiment, the specific distance is a maximum value of a detection standard distance of the hall sensor;
the concentricity judgment method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a waveform chart of M periods according to the detection waveform of the Hall sensor;
by the formula
=
+
*
Calculating the waveform integrity coefficient
；
N is the number of the identifiable periods in the M periods; s is the actual area enclosed by the waveform graphs of M periods under the set frequency;
the standard area is defined by the oscillogram of M periods under the set frequency;
and
is a preset coefficient;
coefficient of waveform integrity
Substituted into the offset function off to obtain the offset off
) The concentricity was evaluated according to the magnitude of the offset.
In one embodiment, the hall sensors are arranged in two groups, wherein the specific distance between one group of the hall sensors and the magnetic ring is the maximum value of the detection standard distance of the hall sensors, and the specific distance between the other group of the hall sensors and the magnetic ring is smaller than the maximum value of the detection standard distance of the hall sensors.
In one embodiment, the working efficiency of the cooling assembly is adjusted by the rotation speed of the motor body.
In one embodiment, the cooling assembly comprises a water tank and a plurality of cooling water pipes, the cooling water pipes are uniformly distributed outside the motor main body, the water inlet ends of the cooling water pipes are connected with a control valve, the water outlet ends of the control valve are communicated with the water tank, the water outlet ends of the cooling water pipes are communicated with a pipeline radiator, the cooling water pipes are communicated with the water tank, the water tank is communicated with a water suction pump, and the water suction pump is communicated with the pipeline radiator;
the cooling assembly further comprises a cooling fan, and the pipeline radiator is arranged at the air outlet end of the cooling fan.
In one embodiment, the control valve is used for controlling the water inlet rate of each cooling water pipe.
In one embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the circumference of the motor main body;
and the motor controller judges the running state of the motor and adjusts the water inlet rate of the cooling water pipes at different positions according to the numerical value monitored by the temperature sensor, the rotating speed of the motor main body and the working time.
In an embodiment, the process of determining the operating state of the motor is as follows:
establishing a curve of the change of the rotating speed along with time by taking the operating time of the motor main body as an X axis and the rotating speed as a Y axis, calculating the area H enclosed by the curve, the X axis and the current time line, and calculating the area H according to a formula F =
Calculating a heat productivity coefficient of the motor main body;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
as a function of the temperature of the motor,
is a preset correction value;
f is compared with the maximum value detected by a plurality of temperature sensors
And (3) carrying out comparison:
if F is not less than
Judging that the motor main body is abnormal in heating;
otherwise, judging that the heating of the motor main body is normal.
In one embodiment, when the heating of the motor body is determined to be normal, the motor body is heated
And a predetermined threshold
And (3) carrying out comparison:
if it is
≥
Judging that the temperature of the motor main body is overheated;
otherwise, judging that the temperature of the motor main body is normal.
In one embodiment, the number and positions of the temperature sensors correspond to those of the cooling water pipes;
and the motor controller adjusts the water inlet rate of the cooling water pipe at the corresponding position through the control valve according to the monitoring value of the temperature sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the encoder of the magnetic ring is arranged on the circumference, the rotating speed of the motor main body can be detected through the Hall sensor, the rotating speed of the motor main body can be detected and the rotating concentricity of the main shaft can be judged to a certain extent through the limitation of the installation position of the Hall sensor, and the concentricity state of the main shaft can be judged through the waveform quality detected by the Hall sensor.
(2) According to the invention, through the structural arrangement of the cooling component, the length of the cooling water pipe can be reduced, the problem that the cooling effect of a cooling medium in the cooling water pipe is greatly reduced is avoided, and the cooling effect is further improved; and meanwhile, the effect of different cooling degrees of different positions can be realized by matching the action of the control valve.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a direct current motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the internal structure of the DC motor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the velocity measuring assembly of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control valve structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: 1. a motor main body; 11. a main shaft; 2. a motor controller; 3. a speed measuring component; 31. a magnetic ring; 311. an encoder; 32. a Hall sensor; 4. a cooling assembly; 41. a cooling water pipe; 42. a control valve; 43. a pipe radiator; 44. a water tank; 45. a water pump; 46. a cooling fan; 5. and a temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment, a dc motor is provided, where the dc motor includes a motor main body 1 and a motor controller 2, a speed measuring component 3 is disposed at one end of the motor main body 1 away from an output end, and a temperature reducing component 4 is further disposed on the motor main body 1;
the motor main body 1 comprises a main shaft 11, the speed measuring component 3 comprises a magnetic ring 31 and a Hall sensor 32, the magnetic ring 31 is installed on the main shaft 11, an encoder 311 is arranged on the magnetic ring 31 in the circumferential direction, and the Hall sensor 32 keeps a specific distance from the encoder 311;
the motor controller 2 detects the rotation speed of the motor main body 1 by the hall sensor 32, and determines the concentricity of the main shaft 11 by detecting the waveform by the hall sensor 32.
Through the technical scheme, the encoder 311 of the magnetic ring 31 is circumferentially arranged, the rotating speed of the motor main body 1 can be detected through the hall sensor 32, meanwhile, when the detection distance of the hall sensor 32 exceeds the detection range corresponding to the specification, a section of interval with unstable detection waveform exists until no signal is detected, therefore, the installation position of the hall sensor 32 is limited, the rotating speed of the motor main body 1 can be detected, meanwhile, certain judgment is carried out on the rotating concentricity of the spindle 11, and particularly, after the direct current motor is used for a period of time, the spindle 11 has a concentricity deviation, the quality of the waveform detected by the hall sensor 32 is deteriorated, otherwise, the waveform quality detected by the hall sensor 32 is used, and further, the concentricity state of the spindle 11 can be judged.
It should be noted that, the method for detecting concentricity in the present invention can determine when the main shaft 11 has concentricity deviation, but cannot realize accurate deviation detection; meanwhile, the method and principle for detecting the rotating speed of the hall sensor 32 and the magnetic ring 31 by the encoder 311 and the process of identifying the signal detected by the hall sensor 32 as a speed signal are all the prior art, and detailed description is omitted here.
In addition, in an embodiment, can set up speed measuring component 3 at the air-out end of cooling component 4, consequently through speed measuring component 3 and cooling component 4's position setting, can avoid the problem that hall sensor 32 in cooling component 4 became invalid under high temperature, made things convenient for the detection of concentricity simultaneously.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the specific distance is a maximum value of the standard distance detected by the hall sensor 32;
the method for judging the concentricity comprises the following steps:
acquiring a waveform chart of M periods according to the waveform detected by the Hall sensor 32;
by the formula
=
+
*
Calculating the waveform integrity coefficient
；
N is the number of the identifiable periods in the M periods; s is the actual area enclosed by the waveform graphs of M periods under the set frequency;
the standard area is defined by the oscillogram of M periods under the set frequency;
and
is a preset coefficient;
coefficient of waveform integrity
Substituted into an offset function off to obtain an offset
According to deviation ofThe magnitude of the shift was used to evaluate concentricity.
Through the technical scheme, the invention provides a concrete mode of concentricity judgment, namely, an image of a waveform detected by the Hall sensor 32 is obtained, and then the formula is used
=
+
*
The waveform integrity is judged by utilizing the information of the waveform image, and then the waveform integrity coefficient can be utilized
Obtaining an offset
The concentricity is evaluated according to the magnitude of the offset.
It should be noted that, the set frequency is a preset value, which is selected according to the range of the rotation speed interval of the motor, for example, obtained by selecting the median conversion of the rotation speed interval; the offset function off is obtained by: the offset function off can be obtained by measuring and acquiring the detection range of the Hall sensor 32 in advance according to different degrees of integrity corresponding to different distances between the Hall sensor 32 and the encoder 311 on the magnetic ring 31 and measuring the different degrees of integrity and the different distances; the oscillogram in the technical scheme is an input level graph, so the oscillogram is a rectangular pulse, and when the detection distance exceeds a standard detection range, part of the rectangular pulse is lost, so the integrity of the oscillogram can be evaluated through the number of identified periods and the actual area enclosed by the oscillogram, and further the offset can be judged; in the above-mentioned formula,
and
the values of (a) and (b) are obtained by analyzing and fitting data of the measured waveform, and respectively represent the weight of the detection distance to the formation degree of the waveform deficiency degree.
As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, two groups of hall sensors 32 are provided, wherein a specific distance between one group of hall sensors 32 and the magnetic ring 31 is a maximum value of a standard distance detected by the hall sensors 32, and a specific distance between the other group of hall sensors 32 and the magnetic ring 31 is smaller than the maximum value of the standard distance detected by the hall sensors 32.
Through the technical scheme, in order to guarantee the accuracy of rotational speed detection data, this embodiment is through setting up two sets of hall sensor 32, the data comprehensive judgement through two sets of hall sensor 32 detection, and then can carry out accurate judgement to the speed of motor main body 1, simultaneously, the specific distance that keeps one of them group of hall sensor 32 and magnetic ring 31 is less than hall sensor 32 and detects standard distance maximum, can guarantee that this group of data that detect are difficult for receiving the influence of main shaft 11 concentricity deviation, and then guarantee rotational speed and concentricity and detect the degree of accuracy of judgement simultaneously.
It should be noted that, a group of hall sensors 32 can also implement the processes of rotation speed detection and concentricity judgment, and the accuracy of rotation speed detection can be further ensured by the two groups of cooperative arrangements.
As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1-4, which illustrate that the working efficiency of the cooling module 4 is adjusted by the rotation speed of the motor body 1.
Through the technical scheme, the working efficiency of the cooling assembly 4 is adjusted through the signal of the rotating speed of the motor main body 1, and when the rotating speed is higher, the heating value is relatively higher, so that the motor main body 1 is ensured to be in a normal temperature range by improving the cooling efficiency; through this process, can make motor body 1 obtain the cooling process of adaptability.
As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1-4, the cooling assembly 4 includes a water tank 44 and a plurality of cooling water pipes 41, the cooling water pipes 41 are uniformly distributed outside the motor body 1, a water inlet end of the cooling water pipe 41 is connected to a control valve 42, a water outlet end of the cooling water pipe 41 is communicated with a pipeline radiator 43, the cooling water pipe 41 is communicated with the water tank 44, the water tank 44 is communicated with a water pump 45, and the water pump 45 is communicated with the pipeline radiator 43;
the temperature reducing assembly 4 further comprises a cooling fan 46, and the pipeline radiator 43 is arranged at the air outlet end of the cooling fan 46.
As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 4, a control valve 42 is used to control the water inlet rate of each cooling water pipe 41.
In the above technical solution, the cooling assembly 4 includes a plurality of independent cooling water pipes 41, the cooling water pipes 41 are uniformly distributed outside the motor main body 1, and the water inlet end of the cooling water pipe 41 is connected with the control valve 42, and by this structural arrangement, compared with the conventional arrangement of a single cold water waterway, the structure in this embodiment can reduce the length of the cooling water pipe 41, avoid the problem that the cooling effect of the cooling medium in the cooling water pipe 41 is reduced by a large extent, and further improve the cooling effect; and meanwhile, the effect of different cooling degrees of different positions can be realized by matching with the action of the control valve 42.
In addition, the structure of the water tank 44 and the water pump 45 in this embodiment can ensure that the cooling medium can circulate, and the arrangement of the cooling fan 46 and the pipeline radiator 43 can dissipate heat in time, and obviously, the structure and layout of the cooling fan 46 and the pipeline radiator 43 can be realized by the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
In the above technical solution, the control valve 42 can be implemented by a multi-way control flow valve in the prior art, the water inlet end of the control valve is communicated with the water tank 44, and the number of the water outlet ends of the control valve is matched with the number of the cooling water pipes 41 and is respectively communicated with the cooling water pipes, so that the liquid inlet rates of the cooling water pipes 41 at different positions can be controlled by the control valve 42.
As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1-4, a plurality of temperature sensors 5 are arranged on the circumference of the motor body 1;
the motor controller 2 judges the running state of the motor and adjusts the water inlet speed of the cooling water pipes 41 at different positions according to the value monitored by the temperature sensor 5 and the rotating speed and the working time of the motor main body 1.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, because direct current motor arranges the difference of position and use scene, its position point that generates heat may receive the influence of environment and inequality, consequently, this embodiment sets up a plurality of temperature sensor 5 in the circumference of motor main part 1, through the temperature of temperature sensor 5 monitoring each position point, and then comes according to the temperature value of monitoring and the actual rotational speed that detects through machine controller 2, and then can judge the running state of motor, and then judges whether the motor runs safely.
As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, a process of determining the operation state of the motor is as follows:
establishing a curve of the change of the rotating speed along with the time by taking the operating time of the motor body 1 as an X axis and the rotating speed as a Y axis, calculating the area H enclosed by the curve, the X axis and the current time line, and calculating the area H according to a formula F =
Calculating a heat productivity coefficient F of the motor main body 1;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
as a function of the temperature of the motor,
is a preset correction value;
f and the maximum value detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 5
And (3) carrying out comparison:
if F is not less than
If so, judging that the motor main body 1 is abnormal in heating;
otherwise, judging and judging that the motor main body 1 heats normally.
Through the technical scheme, judgment is providedThe scheme for judging the running state of the motor is to obtain the running time of the motor body 1 and the change condition of the rotating speed, further obtain the change curve of the rotating speed along with the time, calculate the enclosed area and bring the enclosed area into a formula F =
Further, the heating value coefficient in the normal operation state of the motor can be obtained, and the heating value coefficient is compared with the maximum value detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 5
Further judging whether the heat productivity of the motor main body 1 is abnormal or not, and further judging whether the motor main body has a fault risk or not; compared with a method for directly comparing the monitored temperature value with the comparison value, the method can judge the running state and the running risk of the motor body 1 without the need of reaching a certain temperature, and improves the efficiency of judging the state of the motor body 1.
In the above formula of calorific coefficient, motor temperature function
The acquisition method comprises the following steps: respectively measuring the temperature conditions of the motor body 1 at different rotating speeds under the uniform environmental condition, and obtaining a temperature change curve along with the rotating speed through the fitting of a plurality of groups of measurement data, namely a motor temperature function
，
And fitting the preset correction value according to the measured data.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the motor body 1 is judged to generate heat normally, the motor body will generate heat normally
And a predetermined threshold value
And (3) carrying out comparison:
if it is
≥
Judging that the temperature of the motor body 1 is overheated;
otherwise, the temperature of the motor body 1 is judged to be normal.
By the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of
And a predetermined threshold value
And comparing, and judging whether the temperature is too hot, so as to realize early warning of the operation of the motor main body 1.
As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1-4, the temperature sensors 5 correspond to the number and positions of the cooling water pipes 41;
the motor controller 2 adjusts the water inlet rate of the cooling water pipe 41 at the corresponding position through the control valve 42 according to the monitored value of the temperature sensor 5.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, it is corresponding with the quantity and the position of temperature sensor 5 and cooling water pipe 41, machine controller 2 is according to temperature sensor 5's monitoring numerical value, through the rate of intaking of control valve 42 adjustment correspondence position cooling water pipe 41, and then makes the higher position point of temperature can obtain better cooling effect, has improved holistic cooling effect.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the encoder 311 of the magnetic ring 31 is arranged on the circumference, the rotating speed of the motor main body 1 can be detected through the Hall sensor 32, the rotating speed of the motor main body 1 can be detected and the rotating concentricity of the main shaft 11 can be judged to a certain extent through limiting the installation position of the Hall sensor 32, and the concentricity state of the main shaft 11 can be judged through the waveform quality detected by the Hall sensor 32; according to the invention, through the structural arrangement of the cooling component 4, the length of the cooling water pipe 41 can be reduced, the problem that the cooling effect of a cooling medium in the cooling water pipe 41 is greatly reduced is avoided, and the cooling effect is further improved; and meanwhile, the effect of different cooling degrees for different positions can be realized by matching with the action of the control valve 42.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The direct current motor is characterized by comprising a motor main body (1) and a motor controller (2), wherein a speed measuring component (3) is arranged at one end, far away from an output end, of the motor main body (1), and a cooling component (4) is further arranged on the motor main body (1);
the motor main body (1) comprises a main shaft (11), the speed measuring component (3) comprises a magnetic ring (31) and a Hall sensor (32), the magnetic ring (31) is installed on the main shaft (11), an encoder (311) is arranged on the magnetic ring (31) in the circumferential direction, and the Hall sensor (32) and the encoder (311) keep a specific distance;
the motor controller (2) detects the rotating speed of the motor main body (1) through the Hall sensor (32), and judges the concentricity of the main shaft (11) through the waveform detected by the Hall sensor (32).
2. A direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that said specific distance is the maximum value of the standard distance detected by the hall sensor (32);
the method for judging the concentricity comprises the following steps:
acquiring waveform diagrams of M periods according to waveforms detected by a Hall sensor (32);
by the formula
=
+
*
Calculating the waveform integrity coefficient
；
N is the number of the identifiable periods in the M periods; s is the actual area enclosed by the waveform diagrams of M periods under the set frequency;
the standard area is defined by the oscillograms of M periods under the set frequency;
and
is a preset coefficient;
coefficient of waveform integrity
Substituted into an offset function off to obtain an offset off
) The concentricity was evaluated according to the magnitude of the offset.
3. A direct current motor according to claim 2, characterized in that said hall sensors (32) are provided in two groups, one of which is maintained at a specific distance from the magnetic ring (31) which is the maximum value of the standard distance detected by the hall sensors (32), and the other of which is maintained at a specific distance from the magnetic ring (31) which is smaller than the maximum value of the standard distance detected by the hall sensors (32).
4. A direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating efficiency of the cooling assembly (4) is adjusted by the rotational speed of the motor body (1).
5. The direct current motor according to claim 4, wherein the cooling assembly (4) comprises a water tank (44) and a plurality of cooling water pipes (41), the cooling water pipes (41) are uniformly distributed outside the motor main body (1), a control valve (42) is connected to a water inlet end of each cooling water pipe (41), a water outlet end of each control valve (42) is communicated with the water tank (44), a pipeline radiator (43) is communicated with a water outlet end of each cooling water pipe (41), the cooling water pipes (41) are communicated with the water tank (44), a water suction pump (45) is communicated with the water tank (44), and the water suction pump (45) is communicated with the pipeline radiator (43);
cooling subassembly (4) still include cooling fan (46), pipeline radiator (43) set up the air-out end at cooling fan (46).
6. A direct current motor according to claim 5, characterized in that said control valve (42) is adapted to control the water feed rate of each cooling water pipe (41).
7. A direct current motor according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of temperature sensors (5) are provided circumferentially of the motor body (1);
and the motor controller (2) judges the running state of the motor and adjusts the water inlet speed of the cooling water pipes (41) at different positions according to the numerical value monitored by the temperature sensor (5), the rotating speed and the working time of the motor main body (1).
8. The dc motor according to claim 7, wherein the process of determining the operating state of the motor comprises:
establishing a curve of the change of the rotating speed along with the time by taking the operating time of the motor main body (1) as an X axis and the rotating speed as a Y axis, calculating the area H enclosed by the curve, the X axis and the current time line, and calculating the area H according to the formula F =
Calculating the heat productivity coefficient of the motor main body (1);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
as a function of the temperature of the motor,
is a preset correction value;
f and the maximum value detected by a plurality of temperature sensors (5)
And (3) carrying out comparison:
if F is not less than
Judging that the motor main body (1) is abnormal in heating;
otherwise, judging that the motor main body (1) is normal in heating.
9. A direct current motor according to claim 8, characterized in that when the motor body (1) is judged to generate heat normally, it will generate heat normally
And a predetermined threshold value
And (3) carrying out comparison:
if it is
≥
Judging that the temperature of the motor main body (1) is overheated;
otherwise, the temperature of the motor main body (1) is judged to be normal.
10. A direct current motor according to claim 8, characterized in that said temperature sensors (5) correspond to the number and position of the cooling water pipes (41);
and the motor controller (2) adjusts the water inlet rate of the cooling water pipe (41) at the corresponding position through the control valve (42) according to the monitoring value of the temperature sensor (5).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115580100A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-01-06 | 睿动(山西)科技有限公司 | Brushless direct current motor based on Hall sensor and detection method |
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|---|---|
| CN115347742B (en) | 2023-01-06 |
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Denomination of invention: A DC motor Granted publication date: 20230106 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Changzhou Economic Development Zone sub branch Pledgor: Changzhou Meite Precision Motor Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980001332 |
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