CN115347581B - Hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control method and system for power distribution area - Google Patents
Hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control method and system for power distribution area Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1828—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepwise control, the possibility of switching in or out the entire compensating arrangement not being considered as stepwise control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
A method and a system for regulating and controlling stepped reactive power compensation of a power distribution area belong to the field of power distribution, and the method comprises the following steps: issuing an ideal value of a power factor fixed value interval to a user-level intelligent capacitor; and acquiring a total power factor Pf of the transformer area, if the Pf is less than AdownLimit or more than AupLimit and the duration time exceeds Max-T, and the Max-T is between 15 minutes and 60 minutes, calculating a reactive power regulation value, determining the power factor of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, calculating a fixed value interval of the power factor of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and issuing a setting command. The system comprises a platform area intelligent fusion terminal, a platform area level intelligent capacitor and a user level intelligent capacitor. The invention realizes the hierarchical regulation and control of the power factor of the whole transformer area by adjusting the power factor fixed value interval of the user-level intelligent capacitor; meanwhile, the problems that the capacity of the transformer area-level intelligent capacitor is large, and over-compensation or under-compensation is possible to occur during investment or removal are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power distribution, relates to distribution area reactive power compensation, and particularly relates to a stepped reactive power compensation regulation and control method for a distribution area and a system for realizing the method.
Background
In an electric power supply system, a reactive power compensation device is generally used to increase the power factor of a power grid, reduce the loss of a power supply transformer and a transmission line, increase the power supply efficiency, and improve the power supply environment.
The low-voltage distribution station adopts a scheme of combining centralized compensation and local compensation according to the principle of 'graded compensation and local balance'. A parallel split-phase adaptive capacitor is installed on a low-voltage line with long line load for dispersion compensation. The method can compensate the 10kV distribution transformer with the capacity of 100kVA or above in situ, so that the reactive loss of the distribution transformer is balanced in situ. The key point of more than 1000h of annual running of the motor with more than 10kW is compensated. A power user with the low voltage of more than 100kVA is provided with a capacitance compensation device.
The intelligent capacitor integrates advanced technologies such as modern measurement and control, power electronics, network communication, automatic control, power capacitors and the like. The backward controller technology of the traditional reactive power compensation device and the backward switching technology of a mechanical contactor or a mechatronic switch as a switching capacitor are changed, and the bulky and heavy structural mode of the traditional reactive power compensation device are changed, so that the new generation of low-voltage reactive power compensation equipment has the characteristics of better compensation effect, smaller volume, lower power consumption, lower price, more cost saving, more flexibility in use, more convenience in maintenance, longer service life and higher reliability, and is suitable for the higher requirement of the modern power grid on reactive power compensation.
The intelligent capacitor is automatically switched according to the magnitude of the reactive power of the load or the power factor, the reactive power is dynamically compensated, and the quality of the electric energy is improved. The intelligent capacitor can be used singly or in an online manner.
In application, a platform area level intelligent capacitor is installed in the JP cabinet, and reactive power compensation is performed on the whole platform area; and a user-level intelligent capacitor is installed on the user side, and local compensation is performed on the user side of the distribution line.
The capacity of the transformer area level intelligent capacitor is large, and the situation of over-supplement or under-supplement is likely to happen when the transformer area level intelligent capacitor is used or removed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control method, which is used for regulating the power factor of the whole distribution area on the premise of ensuring the qualification of the power factor at the user side.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a stepped reactive compensation regulation and control method for a power distribution area comprises the following steps:
s0, issuing an ideal value of a power factor fixed value interval to a user-level intelligent capacitor, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the ideal value are UdownLimit and UupLimit respectively;
s1, obtaining a total power factor Pf of a platform area, and executing S2 if Pf is smaller than AdownLimit or larger than AupLimit and the duration time exceeds Max-T, wherein Max-T is 15-60 minutes; otherwise, executing S4;
wherein AdownLimit and AupLimit are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of a constant value interval of the total power factor of the transformer area;
s2, calculating a reactive power regulation value, determining a power factor of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and executing S3;
s3, calculating a power factor fixed value interval of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and issuing a setting command; executing S1;
s4, executing the S1;
wherein, S2 is specifically:
s2, according to the total power factor Pf and the apparent power S of the distribution area, when the total power factor of the distribution area is adjusted to a fixed value interval AdwnLimit-AupLimit, the maximum adjustment value Qmax and the minimum adjustment value Qmin of reactive power are calculated, qm is the average value of Qmax and Qmin, when Pf is smaller than AdwnLimit, S2-1 is executed, otherwise, S2-2 is executed;
s2-1, calculating a power factor Pf-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and meeting the following conditions: the user side intelligent capacitor with the changed power factor can input total reactive power which is more than or equal to Qm or more than or equal to Qmin;
s2-2, calculating a power factor Pf-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and meeting the following conditions: the user side intelligent capacitor with the changed power factor can cut off the total reactive power which is more than or equal to Qm or more than or equal to Qmin.
The intelligent capacitors of the platform level and the user level can automatically put in or cut off a certain amount of capacitors according to the set power factor fixed value interval and the current power factor. The invention utilizes the intelligent capacitor to change the power factor fixed value interval of the user-level intelligent capacitor, thereby completing the regulation and control of the power factor of the transformer area.
The invention also provides a hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control system of the power distribution area, which comprises an intelligent platform area fusion terminal, an intelligent platform area capacitor and an intelligent user capacitor, wherein the intelligent platform area fusion terminal is communicated with the intelligent platform area capacitor in an RS485 mode, and is communicated with the intelligent user capacitor in a micropower mode, and a program module is arranged in the intelligent platform area fusion terminal, so that the hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control method of the power distribution area is realized.
Has the advantages that: the invention realizes the hierarchical regulation and control of the power factor of the whole transformer area by adjusting the power factor fixed value interval of the user-level intelligent capacitor; the user-level intelligent capacitor can realize local compensation, can be used as a part of a whole according to the whole condition of a transformer area, can adjust the power factor of the whole transformer area on the premise of ensuring that the power factor of a user side is qualified, shares the compensation function for the whole transformer area, and solves the problems that the transformer area-level intelligent capacitor has large capacity and is likely to be over-compensated or under-compensated when being thrown into or cut out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stepped reactive compensation regulation system for a distribution area;
in the figure, the JP cabinet is a comprehensive distribution box.
Detailed Description
A stepped reactive compensation regulation and control method for a power distribution area comprises the following steps:
s0, issuing an ideal value of a power factor fixed value interval to a user-level intelligent capacitor, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the ideal value are UdownLimit and UupLimit respectively; in an ideal state, the ideal value of the power factor of the local user is between UdownLimit and uupplimit, in this embodiment, udownLimit =0.9 and uupplimit =0.95, and the ideal value is set according to the requirement of the station area and can be modified by a fixed value.
S1, acquiring a total power factor Pf of a platform area, and executing S2 if Pf is smaller than AdownLimit or larger than AupLimit and the duration time exceeds Max-T; otherwise, S4 is performed.
Max-T is 15-60 minutes, and in the embodiment, max-T =30 minutes.
Wherein AdownLimit and AupLimit are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of the constant value interval of the total power factor of the transformer area; in this embodiment, adownLimit =0.9, aupplimit =0.98, adownLimit, and aupplimit are set according to the requirement of the station area, and can be modified by a fixed value.
After the stage-level intelligent capacitor is adjusted, the total power factor of the stage is not in the specified range and lasts for a period of time, and at the moment, the adjustment and control are carried out through the user-side intelligent capacitor.
And S2, calculating a reactive power regulation value, determining a power factor of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and executing S3.
S3, calculating a power factor fixed value interval of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and issuing a setting command; and (5) after the regulation is finished, continuously monitoring the change of the power factor of the station area, and executing S1.
And S4, the power factor of the transformer area meets the requirement, the change of the power factor of the transformer area is continuously monitored, and S1 is executed.
Wherein, S2 is specifically:
s2, according to the total power factor Pf of the transformer area and the apparent power S of the transformer area, when the total power factor of the transformer area is adjusted to a fixed value interval AdownLimit-AupLimit of the transformer area, a maximum adjusting value Qmax and a minimum adjusting value Qmin of reactive power are calculated, qm is an average value of Qmax and Qmin, when Pf is smaller than AdownLimit, S2-1 is executed, otherwise, S2-2 is executed.
S2-1, regulating and controlling the power factor of the transformer area by adding a capacitor: calculating the power factor Pf-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and meeting the following conditions: the user side intelligent capacitor with the changed power factor can input total reactive power which is more than or equal to Qm or more than or equal to Qmin.
S2-2, the power factor of the transformer area is regulated by cutting off the capacitor: calculating the power factor Pf-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and meeting the following conditions: the user side intelligent capacitor with the changed power factor can cut off the total reactive power which is more than or equal to Qm or more than or equal to Qmin.
When reactive power needs to be input, reactive power which can be input by all user-level intelligent capacitors under the condition of meeting self requirements can be calculated, and the reactive power is input one by one until the input reactive power is more than or equal to Qm. The method causes large difference of power quality among users.
When the reactive power needs to be cut off, the reactive power which can be cut off by all the user-level intelligent capacitors under the condition of meeting the requirements of the user-level intelligent capacitors can be calculated, and the reactive power is cut off one by one until the cut-off reactive power is greater than or equal to Qm. This method also causes a large difference in power quality between users.
The following method is adopted in the embodiment:
when the user side capacitance needs to be input, S2-1 is specifically:
s2-1-1, obtaining the current power factor Pc-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor, and generating a Cin queue for the user-level intelligent capacitors meeting the following conditions: there is capacitance that has not yet been injected and the power factor Pc-i is less than UdownLimit.
The user-level intelligent capacitors in the queue are not put into or only put into partial capacitors, and capacitors can be put into the queue, and after the capacitors are put into the queue, the power factor of the whole distribution area can be improved, and the local power factor can be improved.
Calculating the reactive power Qin-i which can be input for each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cin queue, wherein the Qin-i is the maximum reactive power which can be input under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is less than UupLimit, namely the maximum power which can be input under the condition that the upper limit is not exceeded; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after the Qin-i is put into the intelligent capacitor; s2-1-2 is performed.
S2-1-2, calculating Qin =
Wherein n is the length of the Cin queue; if Qin is greater than or equal to Qm, executing S2-1-3, otherwise, executing S2-1-4.
And S2-1-3, when Qin is more than or equal to Qm, the total input amount of the user-level intelligent capacitor is more than or equal to the required amount, and the situation of over-supplement of the total input can occur.
Finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the maximum power factor Pf-i in the Cin queue, calculating reactive power Qin-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be input after the user-level intelligent capacitor cuts 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qin; this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qin is greater than or equal to Qm, the difference between Qin and Qm is minimum, and the process returns.
The step reduces the input quantity on the premise of meeting the requirement of the transformer area, cannot compensate excessively, and improves the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor in the worst state.
And S2-1-4, when Qin is less than Qm, the total input amount of the user-level intelligent capacitor is less than the required amount. Firstly, judging: if Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, namely after all the power factors are put into the power distribution room, the power factor of the distribution room meets the minimum requirement, the result is acceptable, no further adjustment is carried out, and the process returns; otherwise, S2-1-5 is executed.
And S2-1-5, all the investments cannot meet the minimum requirement of the power factor of the transformer area, and reactive power needs to be input from the user-level intelligent capacitor in an ideal state.
Regeneration of Cin queue: generating a Cin queue by using a user-level intelligent capacitor with capacitance which is not input; in this queue, the user-level smart capacitors are all in an ideal state.
Calculating the reactive power Qin-i which can be input for each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cin queue, wherein the Qin-i is the maximum reactive power which can be input under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is smaller than UupLimit; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after the Qin-i is put into use;
calculation Qin =
Wherein n is the length of the Cin queue; if Qin is greater than or equal to Qm, executing S2-1-5-1, otherwise, executing S2-1-5-2.
And S2-1-5-1, when Qin is more than or equal to Qm, the total input amount of the user-level intelligent capacitor is more than or equal to the demand amount, and the situation of over compensation of the total input is possible.
Finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the maximum power factor Pf-i in the Cin queue, calculating reactive power Qin-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be input after the user-level intelligent capacitor cuts 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qin;
this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qin is more than or equal to Qm, and the difference between Qin and Qm is minimum; and returning.
The step reduces the input quantity on the premise of meeting the requirement of the transformer area, cannot compensate excessively, and improves the worst user-level intelligent capacitor power factor.
And S2-1-5-2, when Qin is less than Qm, the total input amount of the user-level intelligent capacitor is less than the required amount. Firstly, judging: if Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, namely after all the power factors are put into the power distribution room, the power factor of the distribution room meets the minimum requirement, the result is acceptable, no further adjustment is carried out, and the process returns; otherwise, S2-1-5-3 is executed.
And S2-1-5-3, reducing the power factor index of the user-level intelligent capacitor under the condition that the minimum requirement is required to be met if all the inputs cannot meet the minimum requirement of the power factor of the transformer area, and replanning.
Uup = uupplimit, uup being a set power factor; executing S2-1-5-4;
S2-1-5-4、Uup=Uup+0.1；
calculating the reactive power Qin-i which can be input for each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cin queue, wherein the Qin-i is the maximum reactive power which can be input under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is smaller than Uup;
calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after the Qin-i is put into the intelligent capacitor;
calculation of Qin =
Wherein n is the length of the Cin queue;
the steps are repeated until Qin is more than or equal to Qmin or Uup is more than UupMax, uupMax is the upper limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, and UupMax =0.98.
If Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, returning, otherwise, alarming.
The step is to gradually increase the power factor until the upper limit value UupMax of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor. If Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, the power factors of all the user-level intelligent capacitors can be adjusted to be qualified when the power factors do not exceed the upper limit value, otherwise, the current configuration cannot meet the requirement, an alarm is given, and the configuration of the transformer area is increased or changed to meet the requirement.
The process is to adjust all the user-level intelligent capacitors, and the user-level intelligent capacitors are balanced, but the adjusting and controlling speed is slow.
This embodiment has proposed an improvement scheme, accelerates regulation and control speed:
s2-1-2, sorting the Cin queues from large to small according to the investable reactive power, and if the minimum value n1 can be found, satisfying that n1 is less than or equal to n and Qin =
≧ Qm, reduce Cin queue length from n to n1, execute S2-1-3, otherwise compute Qin = @>
Executing S2-1-4; wherein n is the length of the original Cin queue.
If one or more user-level intelligent capacitors with the largest regulation space in the Cin queue can meet the regulation requirement of the transformer area, only the user-level intelligent capacitors are regulated and controlled, and other user-level intelligent capacitors are not considered.
When the user side capacitor needs to be cut off, the regulation and control process is similar to the above process, only the input reactive power is changed into the cut-off reactive power, and S2-2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s2-2-1, obtaining the current power factor Pc-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor, and generating a Cout queue by the user-level intelligent capacitors meeting the following conditions: there is capacitance that has not been cut off and the power factor Pc-i is greater than UupLimit.
All or part of the capacitors are put into the user-level intelligent capacitors in the queue, the capacitors can be cut off, and after the capacitors are cut off, the power factor of the whole distribution area can be improved, and the local power factor can be improved.
Calculating the switchable reactive power Qout-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cout queue, wherein the Qout-i is the maximum reactive power switchable under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is larger than UdownLimit, namely the maximum power switchable under the condition that the lower limit is not exceeded; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after Qout-i is cut off; s2-2-2 is performed.
S2-2-2, calculating Qout =
Wherein n is the length of the Cout queue; and if Qout is larger than or equal to Qm, executing S2-2-3, otherwise, executing S2-2-4.
S2-2-3, the amount of the excisable substance is more than or equal to the requirement: finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the minimum power factor Pf-i in the Cout queue, calculating reactive power Qout-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be input after the user-level intelligent capacitor is input with 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qout; this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qout is larger than or equal to Qm, the difference between Qout and Qm is minimum, and the operation is returned.
On the premise of meeting the requirement of a transformer area, the cutting quantity is reduced, the over cutting is avoided, and meanwhile, the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor in the worst state is improved.
S2-2-4, the amount of excisable matter is less than the requirement: if Qout is more than or equal to Qmin, namely after all the cells are cut off, the power factor of the cell meets the minimum requirement, the result can be accepted, no further adjustment is carried out, and the operation is returned; otherwise, S2-2-5 is executed.
And S2-2-5, all cutting cannot meet the minimum requirement of the power factor of the transformer area, and reactive power needs to be cut from the user-level intelligent capacitor in an ideal state.
And regenerating a Cout queue: generating a Cout queue by using a user-level intelligent capacitor with capacitance which is not cut off; in this queue, the user-level smart capacitors are all in an ideal state.
Calculating the switchable reactive power Qout-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cout queue, wherein the Qout-i is the maximum reactive power switchable under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is larger than UdownLimit; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after Qout-i is cut off;
calculating Qout =
Wherein n is the length of the Cout queue; if Qout is larger than or equal to Qm, executing S2-2-5-1, otherwise, executing S2-2-5-2;
s2-2-5-1, the amount of the excisable substance is more than or equal to the requirement: finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the minimum power factor Pf-i in the Cout queue, calculating the reactive power Qout-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be cut off after the user-level intelligent capacitor is put into 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qout;
this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qout is more than or equal to Qm, and the difference between Qout and Qm is minimum; and returning.
The step reduces the input quantity on the premise of meeting the requirement of the transformer area, cannot compensate excessively, and improves the worst user-level intelligent capacitor power factor.
S2-2-5-2, the amount of excisable substance is less than the requirement: if Qout is more than or equal to Qmin, namely after all the cells are cut off, the power factor of the cell meets the minimum requirement, the result is acceptable, no further adjustment is carried out, and the operation is returned; otherwise, S2-2-5-3 is executed.
S2-2-5-3, udown = Udown Limit, udown is a set power factor; executing S2-2-5-4;
S2-2-5-4、Udown= Udown-0.1；
calculating the switchable reactive power Qout-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cout queue, wherein the Qout-i is the maximum reactive power which can be switched under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is larger than Udown;
calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after Qout-i is cut off;
calculating Qout =
Wherein n is the length of the Cout queue;
repeating the steps until Qout is more than or equal to Qmin or Udown < Udown Min, wherein Udown Min is the lower limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, and Udown Min =0.8.
If Qout is not less than Qmin, returning, otherwise, alarming.
The step is to gradually reduce the power factor until the lower limit value UdownMin of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor. If Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, the power factors of all the user-level intelligent capacitors can be adjusted to be qualified when the power factors do not exceed the lower limit value, otherwise, the current configuration cannot meet the requirement, an alarm is given, and the configuration of the transformer area is increased or changed to meet the requirement.
Similarly, the above process is to adjust all the user-level intelligent capacitors, which are more balanced but have a slower adjustment speed.
This embodiment provides an improvement scheme, accelerates regulation and control speed:
s2-2-2, sorting the Cout queue from large to small according to the switchable reactive power, and if the smallest numerical value n1 can be found, satisfying that n1 is less than or equal to n and Qout =
≧ Qm, reduce Cout queue length from n to n1, perform S2-2-3, otherwise compute Qout = { [ case ] } { [ case ], calculate Qout = { [ case ] } and>
executing S2-2-4; wherein n is the length of the original Cout queue.
If one or more user-level intelligent capacitors with the largest regulation space in the Cout queue can meet the regulation requirement of the distribution room, only the user-level intelligent capacitors are regulated and controlled, and other user-level intelligent capacitors are not considered.
And step 2, determining the regulated power factor of the user-side intelligent capacitor needing to be regulated. In order to enable the smart capacitor at the user side to operate, it is necessary to change the power factor interval and ensure that the current power factor is not within the power factor interval.
In S3, calculating the power factor fixed value interval of the intelligent capacitor at the user side specifically comprises the following steps: the lower limit Nd of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is Pf-i-section value/2, and the upper limit Nu is Pf-i + section value/2;
if the current power factor Pc-i of the user side intelligent capacitor is in the Nd-Nu range, executing S3-1, and changing the power factor constant value interval of the user side intelligent capacitor; otherwise, returning.
If the power factor Pc-i before regulation of a certain user-side intelligent capacitor is 0.93, the upper limit is 0.95, the lower limit is 0.9, and the power factor Pf-i after reactive power distribution is 0.87, the new power factor interval is 0.85-0.90, and the Pc-i is not in the range of (0.85, 0.90).
In this embodiment, two digits after the decimal point are reserved in the power factor interval, and the adjusted power factor is only required to be at the approximate middle position of the new power factor interval.
If the power factor Pc-i before adjustment falls into a new power factor interval, no action will be initiated if the user-side intelligent capacitor is set according to the power factor interval.
The present embodiment recalculates in the following manner:
s3-1, if the input capacitance is adopted, the lower limit Nd of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is Pc-i + stepValue, and the upper limit Nu is Nd + sectionValue;
if the capacitance is cut off, the upper limit Nu of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is Pc-i-stepValue, and the lower limit Nd is Nu-sectionValue;
sectionValue is the interval length, stepValue is the step length of the constant value interval, in this embodiment, sectionValue =0.5, stepValue =0.01; and returning after the execution is finished.
Putting a capacitor: for example, the current power factor Pc-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side is 0.81, the current power factor constant value interval is 0.80-0.85, the power factor Pc-i after reactive power distribution is 0.83, the calculated power factor constant value interval is 0.81-0.86, and the current power factor Pc-i is 0.81 and falls within the range of 0.81-0.86.
And (3) recalculating: the lower limit Nd = Pc-i + stepValue =0.81+0.01=0.82, the upper limit Nu = Nd + sectionValue =0.82+0.05=0.87 and the power factor interval is 0.82-0.87. This interval does not include 0.81.
Cutting off the capacitor: for example, the current power factor Pc-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side is 0.93, the current power factor constant value interval is 0.90-0.95, the power factor Pc-i after reactive power distribution is 0.91, the calculated power factor constant value interval is 0.89-0.94, and the current power factor Pc-i is 0.93 and falls within the range of 0.89-0.94.
Recalculation, according to the new power factor Pf-i =0.91 and adding step 0.01, the new upper limit Nu = Pc-i-stepValue =0.93-0.01=0.92, the lower limit Nd = Nu-sectionValue =0.92-0.005=0.87, and then the new power factor interval is changed to 0.87-0.92. This interval does not include 0.93.
If the lower limit of the calculated power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is smaller than UdownMin, setting the power factor fixed value interval from UdownMin to UdownMin + section value; if the upper limit of the calculated power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is larger than UupMax, setting the power factor fixed value interval to UupMax-section value to UupMax; wherein UdownMin is the lower limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, udownMin =0.8, uupMax is the upper limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, and UupMax =0.98.
The lower limit and the upper limit of the power factor fixed value interval of the intelligent capacitor at the user side cannot be lower than UdownMin and higher than UupMax, so that the power consumption quality at the user side is guaranteed to the minimum extent.
Through the arrangement, the current power factor of the intelligent capacitor at the user side needing to be regulated and controlled is not in a new power factor interval, and actions can be triggered, and the capacitor can be switched on or switched off. After the action is completed, the new power factor of the user-side smart capacitor may not be consistent with the calculated expected value Pc-i, but the general trend is to adjust the power factor of the cell toward the ideal value.
If the user-level intelligent capacitors with the current power factors larger than the upper limit of the ideal value and smaller than the lower limit of the ideal value exist at the same time, the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors can make up for each other, and the electricity utilization quality can be improved by the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors at the same time.
To this end, the present embodiment proposes the following: the following steps are added in S4:
and S4, if the user-level intelligent capacitors with the current power factors larger than the upper limit of the ideal value and the user-level intelligent capacitors with the current power factors smaller than the lower limit of the ideal value exist, calculating and adjusting the sum Qe of the reactive power needing to be cut and the sum Qa of the reactive power needing to be put into the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors when the power factors of the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors fall into the upper limit and the lower limit of the ideal value, taking the small value to cut and put into the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors, determining the power factors of the user-side intelligent capacitors, and executing S3.
If Qe < Qa, the amount of reactive power cut and put in is Qe, otherwise, the amount of reactive power cut and put in is Qa.
Through the steps, one or two types of user-level intelligent capacitors with the current power factor larger than the upper limit of the ideal value and the current power factor smaller than the lower limit of the ideal value are eliminated.
The distance between a user side circuit and the transformer determines the influence of reactive power change on the whole transformer area, and in order to reduce the influence on the power factor of the whole transformer area, the switching-in and switching-off actions are completed on adjacent user-level intelligent capacitors.
On the basis, if a user-level intelligent capacitor with the current power factor exceeding the upper limit and the lower limit of the ideal value exists, the embodiment provides the following scheme, and the power factor of the user side can be optimized on the premise of not changing the total power factor of the station area.
The following steps are added in S4:
s4, sequencing the user-level intelligent capacitors from small to large according to the current power factors of the user-level intelligent capacitors, and generating an adjustment queue Ca;
if the user-level intelligent capacitors with the power factors smaller than the lower limit of the ideal value exist, reactive power Qau required to be input for adjusting the power factors of all the user-level intelligent capacitors to be larger than the lower limit of the ideal value is calculated, the power factor of the transformer area is calculated to be adjusted to the adjusting value Qaa of AupLimit from the current value, the user-level intelligent capacitors with small values are input, the power factors of the user-side intelligent capacitors are determined, and S3 is executed.
Otherwise, if the user-level intelligent capacitors with the power factors larger than the upper limit of the ideal value exist, calculating reactive power Qeu which needs to be cut off and is used for adjusting the power factors of all the user-level intelligent capacitors to be smaller than the upper limit of the ideal value, calculating an adjusting value Qea for adjusting the power factor of the transformer area from the current value to AdownLimit, removing the user-level intelligent capacitors with small values, determining the power factors of the user-level intelligent capacitors, and executing S3.
The invention also provides an embodiment of a hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control system of the power distribution transformer area, and referring to fig. 1, the system comprises a transformer area intelligent fusion terminal, a transformer area level intelligent capacitor and a user level intelligent capacitor, wherein the transformer area intelligent fusion terminal is communicated with the transformer area level intelligent capacitor in an RS485 mode and is communicated with the user level intelligent capacitor in a micropower mode, and a program module is arranged in the transformer area intelligent fusion terminal, so that the hierarchical stepping reactive compensation regulation and control method of the power distribution transformer area is realized.
Claims (8)
1. A stepped reactive compensation regulation and control method for a distribution area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s0, issuing an ideal value of a power factor fixed value interval to a user-level intelligent capacitor, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the ideal value are UdownLimit and UupLimit respectively;
s1, obtaining a total power factor Pf of a platform area, and executing S2 if Pf is smaller than AdownLimit or larger than AupLimit and the duration time exceeds Max-T, wherein Max-T is 15-60 minutes; otherwise, executing S4;
wherein AdownLimit and AupLimit are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of the constant value interval of the total power factor of the transformer area;
s2, calculating a reactive power regulation value, determining a power factor of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and executing S3;
s3, calculating a power factor fixed value interval of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and issuing a setting command; executing S1;
s4, executing S1;
wherein S2 specifically comprises:
s2, according to the total power factor Pf and the apparent power S of the distribution area, when the total power factor of the distribution area is adjusted to a fixed value interval AdwnLimit-AupLimit, the maximum adjustment value Qmax and the minimum adjustment value Qmin of reactive power are calculated, qm is the average value of Qmax and Qmin, when Pf is smaller than AdwnLimit, S2-1 is executed, otherwise, S2-2 is executed;
s2-1, calculating a power factor Pf-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and meeting the following conditions: the user side intelligent capacitor with the changed power factor can input total reactive power which is more than or equal to Qm or more than or equal to Qmin;
s2-2, calculating a power factor Pf-i of the intelligent capacitor at the user side, and meeting the following conditions: the user side intelligent capacitor with the changed power factor can cut off the total reactive power which is more than or equal to Qm or more than or equal to Qmin;
s2-1 is specifically as follows:
s2-1-1, obtaining the current power factor Pc-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor, and generating a Cin queue by the user-level intelligent capacitors meeting the following conditions: the capacitance which is not input yet exists, and the power factor Pc-i is smaller than UdownLimit;
calculating the reactive power Qin-i which can be input for each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cin queue, wherein the Qin-i is the maximum reactive power which can be input under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is smaller than UupLimit; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after the Qin-i is put into the intelligent capacitor; executing S2-1-2;
s2-1-2, calculating Qin =
Wherein n is the length of the Cin queue; if Qin is more than or equal to Qm, executing S2-1-3, otherwise, executing S2-1-4;
s2-1-3, finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the maximum power factor Pf-i in the Cin queue, calculating reactive power Qin-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be input after the user-level intelligent capacitor cuts 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qin;
this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qin is more than or equal to Qm, the difference between Qin and Qm is minimum, and the return is carried out;
s2-1-4, if Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, returning; otherwise, executing S2-1-5;
s2-1-5, regenerating a Cin queue: generating a Cin queue by using a user-level intelligent capacitor with capacitance which is not input;
calculating the reactive power Qin-i which can be input for each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cin queue, wherein the Qin-i is the maximum reactive power which can be input under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is smaller than UupLimit;
calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after the Qin-i is put into the intelligent capacitor;
calculation Qin =
Wherein n is the length of the Cin queue; if Qin is more than or equal to Qm, executing S2-1-5-1, otherwise, executing S2-1-5-2;
S2-1-5-1、
finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the maximum power factor Pf-i in the Cin queue, calculating reactive power Qin-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be input after the user-level intelligent capacitor cuts 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qin;
this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qin is more than or equal to Qm, and the difference between Qin and Qm is minimum; returning;
s2-1-5-2, if Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, returning; otherwise, executing S2-1-5-3;
s2-1-5-3, uup = UupLimit, uup is a set power factor; executing S2-1-5-4;
S2-1-5-4、Uup=Uup+0.1；
calculating the reactive power Qin-i which can be input for each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cin queue, wherein the Qin-i is the maximum reactive power which can be input under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is smaller than Uup;
calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after the Qin-i is put into use;
calculation Qin =
Wherein n is the length of the Cin queue;
repeating the steps until Qin is more than or equal to Qmin or Uup is more than UupMax, uupMax is the upper limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, and UupMax =0.98;
if Qin is more than or equal to Qmin, returning, otherwise, alarming;
s2-2 is specifically as follows:
s2-2-1, obtaining the current power factor Pc-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor, and generating a Cout queue by the user-level intelligent capacitors meeting the following conditions: the capacitance which is not cut off exists and the power factor Pc-i is larger than UupLimit;
calculating the switchable reactive power Qout-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cout queue, wherein the Qout-i is the maximum reactive power switchable under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is larger than UdownLimit; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after Qout-i is cut off; executing S2-2-2;
s2-2-2, calculating Qout =
Wherein n is the length of the Cout queue; if Qout is larger than or equal to Qm, executing S2-2-3, otherwise, executing S2-2-4;
s2-2-3, finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the minimum power factor Pf-i in the Cout queue, calculating reactive power Qout-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be input after the user-level intelligent capacitor is input with 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qout;
this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qout is more than or equal to Qm, the difference between Qout and Qm is minimum, and the return is carried out;
s2-2-4, if Qout is more than or equal to Qmin, returning; otherwise, executing S2-2-5;
s2-2-5, regenerating a Cout queue: generating a Cout queue by using a user-level intelligent capacitor with capacitance which is not cut off;
calculating the switchable reactive power Qout-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cout queue, wherein the Qout-i is the maximum reactive power switchable under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is larger than UdownLimit; calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after Qout-i is cut off;
calculating Qout =
Wherein n is the length of the Cout queue; if Qout is more than or equal to Qm, executing S2-2-5-1, otherwise, executing S2-2-5-2;
S2-2-5-1、
finding a user-level intelligent capacitor with the minimum power factor Pf-i in the Cout queue, calculating the reactive power Qout-i and the power factor Pf-i which can be cut off after the user-level intelligent capacitor is put into 1 capacitor, and recalculating Qout;
this step is repeated until the following conditions are met: qout is more than or equal to Qm, and the difference between Qout and Qm is minimum; returning;
s2-2-5-2, if Qout is more than or equal to Qmin, returning; otherwise, executing S2-2-5-3;
s2-2-5-3, udown = Udown Limit, udown is a set power factor; executing S2-2-5-4;
S2-2-5-4、Udown= Udown-0.1；
calculating the switchable reactive power Qout-i of each user-level intelligent capacitor in the Cout queue, wherein the Qout-i is the maximum reactive power which can be switched under the condition that the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor is larger than Udown;
calculating the power factor Pf-i of the user-level intelligent capacitor after Qout-i is cut off;
calculating Qout =
Wherein n is the length of the Cout queue;
repeating the steps until Qout is more than or equal to Qmin or Udown < Udown Min, wherein Udown Min is the lower limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, and Udown Min =0.8;
if Qout is not less than Qmin, returning, otherwise, alarming.
2. The method for regulating and controlling stepped reactive power compensation of power distribution substations according to claim 1,
s2-1-2, sorting the Cin queues from large to small according to the investable reactive power, and if the minimum value n1 can be found, satisfying that n1 is less than or equal to n and Qin =
And more than or equal to Qm, reducing the Cin queue length from n to n1, executing S2-1-3, otherwise, calculating Qin =
Executing S2-1-4; wherein n is the length of the original Cin queue.
3. The method for regulating and controlling stepped reactive power compensation of power distribution substations according to claim 1,
s2-2-2, sorting the Cout queue from large to small according to the switchable reactive power, and if the smallest numerical value n1 can be found, satisfying that n1 is less than or equal to n and Qout =
And more than or equal to Qm, reducing the Cout queue length from n to n1, executing S2-2-3, and otherwise, calculating Qout =
Executing S2-2-4; wherein n is the length of the original Cout queue.
4. The method for regulating and controlling stepped reactive power compensation of power distribution substations according to claim 1,
in S3, calculating the power factor fixed value interval of the intelligent capacitor at the user side specifically comprises the following steps: the lower limit Nd of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is Pf-i-section value/2, and the upper limit Nu is Pf-i + section value/2;
if the current power factor Pc-i of the user side intelligent capacitor is in the Nd-Nu range, executing S3-1, and changing the power factor constant value interval of the user side intelligent capacitor; otherwise, returning;
s3-1, if the input capacitance is adopted, the lower limit Nd of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is Pc-i + stepValue, and the upper limit Nu is Nd + sectionValue;
if the capacitor is cut off, the upper limit Nu of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is Pc-i-stepValue, and the lower limit Nd is Nu-sectionalValue;
sectionValue is interval length, sectionValue =0.5, stepValue is step length of constant value interval, stepValue =0.01;
and returning after the execution is finished.
5. The method for regulating and controlling stepped reactive power compensation of the power distribution area according to claim 4, wherein if the lower limit of the power factor fixed value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is smaller than UdownMin, the power factor fixed value interval is set to UdownMin + sectionValue; if the upper limit of the calculated power factor constant value interval of the user-side intelligent capacitor is greater than UupMax, setting the power factor constant value interval to UupMax-section value to UupMax; the UdownMin is the lower limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, udownMin =0.8, uupMax is the upper limit value of the power factor of the user-level intelligent capacitor, and UupMax =0.98.
6. The stepped reactive compensation regulation and control method for the power distribution transformer area according to claim 1 is characterized in that the following steps are added in S4:
and S4, if the user-level intelligent capacitors with the current power factors larger than the upper limit of the ideal value and the user-level intelligent capacitors with the current power factors smaller than the lower limit of the ideal value exist, calculating and adjusting the sum Qe of the reactive power needing to be cut and the sum Qa of the reactive power needing to be put into the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors when the power factors of the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors fall into the upper limit and the lower limit of the ideal value, taking the small value to cut and put into the two types of user-level intelligent capacitors, determining the power factors of the user-side intelligent capacitors, and executing S3.
7. The stepped reactive power compensation regulation and control method for the power distribution station area according to claim 6, characterized in that the following steps are added in S4:
s4, sequencing the user-level intelligent capacitors from small to large according to the current power factors of the user-level intelligent capacitors, and generating an adjustment queue Ca;
if the user-level intelligent capacitors with the power factors smaller than the lower limit of the ideal value exist, calculating reactive power Qau required to be input for adjusting the power factors of all the user-level intelligent capacitors to be larger than the lower limit of the ideal value, calculating an adjusting value Qaa of the power factor of the transformer area from the current value to AupLimit, inputting the user-level intelligent capacitors with small values, determining the power factors of the user-side intelligent capacitors, and executing S3;
otherwise, if the user-level intelligent capacitors with the power factors larger than the upper limit of the ideal value exist, calculating reactive power Qeu which needs to be cut off and is used for adjusting the power factors of all the user-level intelligent capacitors to be smaller than the upper limit of the ideal value, calculating an adjusting value Qea for adjusting the power factor of the transformer area from the current value to AdownLimit, removing the user-level intelligent capacitors with small values, determining the power factors of the user-level intelligent capacitors, and executing S3.
8. A stepped reactive compensation regulation and control system for a distribution area comprises an intelligent fusion terminal of the distribution area, an intelligent capacitor of the distribution area and an intelligent capacitor of a user level, and is characterized in that the intelligent fusion terminal of the distribution area is communicated with the intelligent capacitor of the distribution area in an RS485 mode and communicated with the intelligent capacitor of the user level in a micropower mode, and a program module is arranged in the intelligent fusion terminal of the distribution area to realize the stepped reactive compensation regulation and control method for the distribution area according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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