CN115347223A

CN115347223A - Compensation mechanism, stacked battery packaging structure and full-working-condition packaging force control method

Info

Publication number: CN115347223A
Application number: CN202210997336.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘彦萍; 刘煜; 康国政; 胡军; 王亮; 张昊
Original assignee: Dongfang Electric Chengdu Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co ltd; Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Dongfang Electric Chengdu Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co ltd; Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2022-08-19
Filing date: 2022-08-19
Publication date: 2022-11-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a compensation mechanism, a laminated battery packaging structure and an all-condition packaging force control method, which comprise a liquid storage cylinder, a piston piece and a spring piece, wherein the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a liquid storage cavity; a liquid storage cavity matched with the piston piece is arranged in the liquid storage cylinder, and a spring cavity for accommodating the spring piece is arranged between the liquid storage cylinder and the piston piece; the distance of the spring cavity can be changed by adjusting the relative distance between the piston part and the liquid storage cylinder, so that the force to the outside is integrally changed; the scheme uses the variable-stiffness spring compensation mechanism to realize the control of the packaging force of the pile so as to meet the optimal packaging force required under different working conditions. When the inside of the electric pile expands due to heat, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is reduced; when the environmental temperature working condition is low and the galvanic pile is cooled, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is increased, and the active control of the packaging force of the galvanic pile can be ensured.

Description

Compensation mechanism, stacked battery packaging structure and full-working-condition packaging force control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of battery packaging, in particular to a compensation mechanism, a stacked battery packaging structure and an all-condition packaging force control method.

Background

The stacked battery stack is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of single batteries in a series connection mode, and then tightly packaging an internal structure through end plates matched with fasteners at two ends to form a multi-stage battery stack structure. The stacked cell stack comprises a fuel cell stack, a vanadium cell stack and other cell stack structures.

The fuel cell system takes a fuel cell as a core, and forms a set of power generation system with a fuel supply and circulation system, an oxidant supply system, a hydrothermal management system, a control system and the like, wherein the fuel supply and circulation system and the oxidant supply system are responsible for supplying fuel and oxidant, the hydrothermal management system is responsible for cooling the fuel cell to ensure that the fuel cell works at a proper temperature, and the control system is responsible for precisely controlling and adjusting various parts to ensure that a driving system is normal. The method is applied to the fields of automobiles, transportation, aviation, fixed power generation equipment, ship-borne equipment and the like.

A complete fuel cell is composed of insulating end plates, current collecting plates, sealing rings, carbon paper, membrane electrodes and bipolar plates, the end plates on two sides are fastened through steel belts or long screws, a certain packaging force is applied to enable all single cells inside the fuel cell to be stacked together, and the processes of load transfer, material transmission, temperature exchange and the like are carried out inside the fuel cell to complete the whole electrochemical reaction.

The amount of packaging force is particularly important for fuel cell structural packaging. If the packaging force value is too small, poor sealing performance of the fuel cell is easily caused, gas leakage is generated, potential safety hazards exist due to sealing failure, meanwhile, contact resistance is increased due to insufficient contact pressure between internal components, larger ohmic loss is generated, and power generation performance is reduced; if the packaging force value is too large, the porous medium-carbon paper is seriously compressed, the porosity of the porous medium-carbon paper is reduced, the diffusion of reaction gas in a membrane electrode is hindered, and the power generation performance is influenced.

The operation environment and working conditions of the fuel cell system comprise a plurality of typical working conditions of normal-temperature standing, high-temperature operation, low-temperature standing and low-temperature starting. Supposing that the normal-temperature standing working condition of the fuel cell system is an initial working condition, when the fuel cell system runs at high temperature, the packaging force is increased rapidly due to the influence of temperature, pressure and the like on components inside a reactor core, the thermal expansion of each component (a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a sealing ring and the like) of the reactor causes a disc spring to be compressed, the whole packaging force is still increased even reaches an upper threshold value of the packaging force, and the buffering effect of elements with linear elastic characteristics, such as the traditional disc spring, is limited; when the reactor core is stood at low temperature or started at low temperature, components (particularly sealing rings) in the reactor core are influenced by the temperature, the packaging force is insufficient, and the gas leakage is caused, so that great potential safety hazards exist. It is therefore important to adjust the packaging force of the fuel cell quickly and accurately.

Meanwhile, in the process of low-temperature starting, because the heat dissipation of the end part of the fuel cell is faster, the end part single cell has low electricity-saving voltage, and the low-temperature starting failure of the fuel cell system is easily caused.

The invention provides an adjustable fuel cell end plate packaging structure (CN 113224345), which aims to ensure the pressing force uniformity of an end plate when the pretightening force of a fuel cell stack screw rod is insufficient through an air inlet compensation device. The flexible inflatable bags are used as key distance-adjustable parts and are arranged between the surface of the end plate and the current collecting plate, although a plurality of flexible inflatable bags are added, installation gaps still exist, due to the flexible deformable characteristic, the flexible inflatable bags are easy to contact with the current collecting plate unevenly, so that the local contact resistance of the current collecting plate is increased, and the power generation performance of the pile is affected. Under the actual operation (especially on-vehicle) operating mode, fuel cell must fixed mounting on fuel cell system bottom plate, prevents that fuel cell from taking place to remove, influences the operation safety of fuel cell system. The fuel cell end plate is fixed on the floor, so the disc spring structure can not accurately respond to the change of the packaging force in the electric pile, and the response action of the air inlet compensation mechanism is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: aiming at the problems, the compensation mechanism, the stacked battery packaging structure and the full-working-condition packaging force control method are provided, the problems that the large or large-area stacked battery in the prior art is uneven in plane stress and warped in the plane due to large area are solved, and the problem that the power generation performance is influenced due to the fact that the internal structure of the stacked battery is changed due to temperature change under different working conditions is solved.

The invention is realized by the following scheme:

a compensating mechanism comprises a liquid storage cylinder, a piston part and a spring part; a liquid storage cavity matched with the piston piece is arranged in the liquid storage cylinder, and a spring cavity for accommodating the spring piece is arranged between the liquid storage cylinder and the piston piece; through the regulation of relative distance between piston spare and the liquid storage cylinder, can make the distance in spring chamber change to change the dynamics to external world on the whole.

Based on the compensation mechanism, the liquid storage cylinder comprises a first contact plate, a liquid inlet pipeline and a piston port; first conflict board sets up on the stock solution chamber, the liquid inlet pipe way runs through first conflict board and sets up with stock solution chamber intercommunication, the piston mouth sets up in stock solution chamber bottom position, the size and the piston spare contact portion of piston mouth match the setting, make the piston spare carry out free motion through the piston mouth.

Based on the compensation mechanism, the piston piece comprises a sealing plate, a piston rod and a second contact plate; the sealing plate is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the size of the sealing plate is matched with the inner diameter of the liquid storage cavity, and the sealing plate can move back and forth along the length direction of the liquid storage cavity under the condition of stress; the piston rod is connected with the sealing plate and the second abutting plate, a central pipeline for communicating the sealing plate with the second abutting plate is arranged in the piston rod, and a liquid outlet pipeline communicated with the central pipeline is arranged on the second abutting plate.

Based on above-mentioned compensation mechanism, set up feed liquor governing valve and pressure sensor on the feed liquor pipeline, set up out the liquid governing valve on the drain pipe, be provided with the displacement sensor who is used for detecting both relative distance on first touch panel or the second touch panel.

Based on the compensation mechanism, the compensation mechanism is also provided with a heater, a cooling circulation loop and a power source; the heater, the cooling circulation loop and the power source are arranged in series, the outlet end of the power source is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline, and the outlet end of the power source is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline.

The scheme provides a packaging structure of a stacked battery stack, which comprises a cathode end plate, a cathode insulation end plate, a cathode current collecting plate, a galvanic pile reactor core, a packaging part, an anode current collecting plate and an anode insulation end plate; the cathode current collecting plate, the reactor core of the electric pile and the anode current collecting plate are respectively arranged in an area between the cathode insulating end plate and the anode insulating end plate, the cathode end plate is arranged on the end face, far away from the anode insulating end plate, of the cathode insulating end plate, the packaging piece is arranged between the cathode end plate and the anode insulating end plate, and the packaging piece carries out forced limiting packaging on an integral battery structure formed by the cathode current collecting plate, the reactor core of the electric pile and the anode current collecting plate; the cathode collector plate is characterized by further comprising a plurality of compensation mechanisms, wherein the compensation mechanisms are arranged between the cathode end plate and the cathode insulation end plate and arranged along the length direction of the cathode collector plate.

And a through hole for the penetration of the liquid inlet pipeline is formed in the cathode end plate.

The scheme also provides a full-working-condition packaging force control method of the stacked battery packaging structure, which is used for controlling the packaging force of the stacked battery packaging structure and specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, presetting the packaging force F required for reaching the optimal power generation performance under different working condition points _X；

Step two, judging the state of the stacked battery packaging structure in operation, and selecting corresponding F _X A value;

step three, reading the parameters of the pressure sensor and the parameters of the displacement sensor under the state in the step two;

step fourCalculating the actual packaging force F according to the data in the third step _a A 1 to F _a And F _X Comparing to determine F _a If the packaging force meets the requirement, the system keeps the packaging force, if the packaging force meets the requirement, the compensation mechanism is used for adjusting F _a The packaging force of (2) meets the requirements.

In step four, F is adjusted by the compensating mechanism _a The step of meeting the packaging force of (1) is to pass the packaging force F required by the optimal power generation performance under the preset current condition _X The number of the compensation mechanisms, the real-time value detected by the displacement sensor and the real-time value of the pressure sensor dynamically adjust the liquid in the piston assembly to be filled or discharged, so that the actual overall structural force of the packaging structure approaches to the packaging force F _X 。

When the fuel cell system is started to operate at normal temperature or high temperature, the hydrogen and the oxygen generate electrochemical reaction in the reactor core of the electric reactor to generate electric energy and heat energy, the reactor core assembly of the electric reactor generates thermal expansion, and the packaging force of the electric reactor is increased; if the current packaging force is larger than the required packaging force, the distance between the displacement sensors is reduced, the liquid outlet regulating valve is opened, the liquid inlet regulating valve is closed, liquid in the compensating mechanism flows out due to the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the packaging force required by the fuel cell is achieved, the liquid outlet regulating valve is closed, the compensating mechanisms of other groups are respectively and simultaneously controlled according to the method, and the whole packaging force is enabled to achieve the packaging force required by the optimal power generation performance of the preset value on the whole;

when the fuel cell system is stored at low temperature or started to operate, due to the low environmental temperature, the reactor core assembly is in a cold-contraction state, or the rubber ring is in other states such as stress relaxation, the packaging force of the electric pile is reduced compared with that of the electric pile when the electric pile leaves a factory, if the current packaging force is smaller than the required packaging force, the distance of the displacement sensor is increased and changed, the liquid outlet regulating valve is closed, the liquid inlet regulating valve is opened, the branch liquid of the water pump enters the compensating mechanism, and when the packaging force required by the fuel cell is reached, the liquid inlet regulating valve is closed, and the liquid pressure of the compensating mechanism is changed; when the inlet pressure is insufficient, the rotating speed of the water pump is considered to be increased; when the low-temperature cold start is performed, the liquid temperature of the water pump liquid is increased after heat exchange through a heater or in-pile cooling, the liquid flows into the active compensation mechanism of the hydraulic variable-stiffness spring, the stiffness is increased, the temperature of the end part of the fuel cell is raised, the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell is facilitated, the compensation mechanisms of other groups are respectively and simultaneously controlled according to the method, and the whole packaging force reaches the packaging force required by the optimal power generation performance of a preset value on the whole.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the scheme uses the variable-stiffness spring compensation mechanism to realize the control of the packaging force of the pile so as to meet the optimal packaging force required under different working conditions. When the inside of the electric pile expands due to heat, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is reduced; when the environment temperature working condition is low and the cooling shrinkage inside the galvanic pile is caused, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is increased, and the active control of the packaging force of the galvanic pile can be ensured.

2. For a large-scale or large-area laminated battery, the large area is easy to cause the phenomena of uneven stress and plane warping in a plane, the packaging force can be controlled in a regional mode and adjusted finely through the variable-stiffness spring active compensation mechanism, and the problem of uneven stress or plane warping in the plane of a large-scale battery structure can be solved.

3. When the pressure of the scheme is derived from a water pump of a fuel cell system and is cold started at low temperature, the temperature of the liquid of the water pump is increased after the liquid of the water pump is cooled and exchanged heat by a heater or a stack, and the liquid flows into the active compensation mechanism of the variable-stiffness spring, so that the temperature rise of the end part of the fuel cell can be beneficial to the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell while the stiffness is increased.

4. The packaging force of the formed fuel cell is stably and accurately controlled, the stability of the power generation performance of the cell can be improved, and the service life of the electric pile is prolonged.

5. The compensation mechanism in the scheme has a simple principle, is not limited by material characteristics, and has strong processability and practicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the compensating mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the compensating mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 3 to 4 are schematic structural views of the packaging structure of the stacked cell stack of the present invention;

description of the drawings: 1. a liquid storage cylinder; 2. a piston member; 3. a spring member; 4. a heater; 5. a cooling circulation loop; 6. a power source; 7. a cathode end plate; 8. a cathode insulating end plate; 9. a cathode collector plate; 10. a reactor core; 11. a package; 12. an anode current collector plate; 13. an anode insulating end plate; 14. a fluid; 101. a liquid storage cavity; 102. a spring cavity; 103. a first touch panel; 104. a liquid inlet pipeline; 105. a piston port; 106. a liquid inlet regulating valve; 107. a pressure sensor; 201. a sealing plate; 202. a piston rod; 203. a second touch panel; 204. a central pipeline; 205. a liquid outlet pipeline; 206. a liquid outlet regulating valve; 207. and a displacement sensor.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a compensating mechanism comprising at least, but not limited to, a reservoir 1, a piston member 2 and a spring member 3; a liquid storage cavity 101 matched with the piston part 2 is arranged in the liquid storage cylinder 1, and a spring cavity 102 for accommodating the spring part 3 is arranged between the liquid storage cylinder 1 and the piston part 2; through the regulation of relative distance between piston spare 2 and the stock solution jar, can make the distance of spring chamber 102 change to change the dynamics to the external world on the whole.

Based on above-mentioned structure, stock solution chamber 101 and piston spare 2 form piston structure, through the distance that changes stock solution chamber 101 inner wall and 2 tip of piston spare, can realize the regulation to spring chamber 102 length to adjust whole external dynamics, wholly be the elasticity of spring and stock solution chamber 101 fluid 14 pressure sum to external support dynamics, spring chamber 102 also can reset automatically when external pressure diminishes.

As an example, the reservoir 1 may include a first abutment plate 103, a liquid inlet pipe 104, and a piston port 105; the first contact plate 103 is arranged on the liquid storage cavity 101, the liquid inlet pipeline 104 penetrates through the first contact plate 103 and is communicated with the liquid storage cavity 101, the piston port 105 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage cavity 101, and the size of the piston port 105 is matched with the contact part of the piston piece 2, so that the piston piece 2 can move freely through the piston port 105.

The size of first touch panel 103 is greater than the size of stock solution chamber 101, makes the anchor ring and the contact of spring part 3 of the outstanding stock solution chamber 101 of first touch panel 103, and it is spacing to provide the tip for spring part 3, and the spring part 3 cover is established on stock solution chamber 101 outer wall.

Based on the above structure, the fluid 14 can be supplied to the reservoir 101 through the fluid inlet line 104, so that the position of the piston member 2 in the reservoir 101 is changed, thereby adjusting the distance between the piston member 2 and the reservoir 1.

As an example, the piston member 2 may include a sealing plate 201, a piston rod 202, and a second contact plate 203; the sealing plate is arranged in the liquid storage cavity 101, the size of the sealing plate 201 is matched with the inner diameter of the liquid storage cavity 101, so that the sealing plate 201 and the liquid storage cavity 101 form a sealing structure, and the sealing plate 201 can move back and forth along the length direction of the liquid storage cavity 101 under the condition of stress;

the piston rod 202 is connected with the sealing plate 201 and the second contact plate 203, a central pipeline 204 which is communicated with the sealing plate 201 and the second contact plate is arranged in the piston rod 202, and a liquid outlet pipeline 205 which is communicated with the central pipeline 204 is arranged on the second contact plate.

The sealing plate can be provided with flexible sealing medium, and the sealing is realized by the contact of the flexible sealing medium and the liquid storage cavity.

Based on above-mentioned structure, second touch panel 203 provides the conflict face for another tip of spring part 3, cooperates first touch panel 103 to realize spacing to spring part 3, guarantees that spring part 3 can carry out controlled regulation, can realize the regulation to 14 total amounts of fluid in the stock solution chamber 101 through liquid inlet pipe 104 and play liquid pipeline 205, realizes the regulation to the holding power of piston part 2.

As an example, the liquid inlet pipe 104 may be provided with a liquid inlet regulating valve 106 and a pressure sensor 107, the liquid outlet pipe 205 may be provided with a liquid outlet regulating valve 206, and the first contact plate or the second contact plate may be provided with a displacement sensor 207 for detecting a relative distance therebetween.

Based on the above structure, the on-off of the whole fluid 14 loop can be adjusted through the liquid inlet adjusting valve 106 and the liquid outlet adjusting valve 206, the pressure sensor 107 is used for detecting the pressure of the fluid 14 between the liquid inlet pipeline 104 and the liquid outlet pipeline, so as to facilitate the subsequent adjusting operation, and the displacement sensor 207 is used for detecting the distance value between the first touch plate and the second touch plate.

As an example, a heater 4, a cooling circulation loop 5 and a power source 6 can be arranged outside the compensation mechanism; the heater 4, the cooling circulation loop 5 and the power source 6 are arranged in series, the outlet end of the power source 6 is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline 104, and the inlet end of the power source 6 is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline.

Based on the structure, the fluid 14 entering the compensating mechanism is heated by the heater 4 and the cooling circulation loop 5, so that the working condition requirements under different regulations can be met.

As an example, the pressure medium in the compensating gear may be a liquid or a gas. The power source 6 may be a water pump or an air compressor.

Through this compensation mechanism, through the active control to the piston assembly that liquid storage tank 1 and piston spare 2 formed, the adjustment compensation mechanism that can be dynamic is to outer pressure, makes the outer pressure increase of compensation mechanism or reduce, and compensation mechanism is spring part 3's elasticity and piston assembly's holding power to external pressure, through the control to piston assembly in this scheme, realizes the regulation of whole compensation assembly's structural force.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a packaging structure of a stacked cell stack at least comprises but is not limited to a cathode end plate 7, a cathode insulation end plate 8, a cathode current collecting plate 9, a reactor core 10, a packaging part 11, an anode current collecting plate 12, an anode insulation end plate 13 and a compensation mechanism; the cathode current collecting plate 9, the reactor core 10 and the anode current collecting plate 12 are respectively arranged in an area between the cathode insulating end plate 8 and the anode insulating end plate 13, the cathode end plate 7 is arranged on the end face, far away from the anode insulating end plate 13, of the cathode insulating end plate 8, the packaging piece 11 is arranged between the cathode insulating end plate 8 and the anode insulating end plate 13, and the packaging piece 11 carries out forced limiting packaging on an integral battery structure formed by the cathode current collecting plate 9, the reactor core 10 and the anode current collecting plate 12.

The compensation mechanism is provided in the space between the cathode end plate 7 and the cathode insulating end plate 8, and is provided in plurality along the length direction of the cathode current collecting plate 9.

A through hole for the liquid inlet pipe 104 to pass through is arranged on the cathode end plate 7, so that the fluid 14 can smoothly enter the compensation assembly.

By way of example, the enclosure 11 may be a fastening device such as a steel band, a screw, or the like.

In this embodiment, 4 sets of compensation mechanisms are uniformly distributed and installed between the cathode end plate 7 and the cathode insulation end plate 8, the inner surface of the cathode end plate 7 contacts with the first contact plate 103 of the compensation mechanism, and the outer surface of the cathode insulation end plate 8 contacts with the second contact plate 203 of the compensation mechanism. The liquid inlet pipe 104 of the compensation mechanism penetrates through the cathode end plate 7 and is led out.

A liquid inlet pipeline 104 of the compensation mechanism is connected with a liquid inlet regulating valve 106, the other end of the liquid inlet regulating valve 106 is connected with a branch of an outlet of the water pump, and a pressure sensor 107 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline 104 and used for monitoring the liquid pressure of the compensation mechanism; the outlet pipe is connected with the outlet regulating valve 206, and the other end of the outlet regulating valve 206 is connected with the water-way water-replenishing tank (or other lowest pressure position) of the fuel cell system.

In the scheme, the initial assembly state of the fuel cell is a variable stiffness spring action state, and the pressure of the compensation hydraulic structure is an optimal value at the moment. Performing active control on the hydraulic spring compensation mechanism according to the reactor core pressure change under the operation condition of the fuel cell system; adjusting system water pump parameters and inlet and outlet stop valves of the hydraulic compensation mechanism according to the pressure result, if the reactor core packaging force is increased, closing a liquid inlet regulating valve of the compensation mechanism, opening a liquid outlet regulating valve, and reducing the reactor packaging force to an optimal value; if the reactor core packaging force is reduced, the liquid inlet regulating valve of the compensation mechanism is opened, the liquid outlet regulating valve is closed, and the reactor packaging force is increased to an optimal value.

According to the scheme, the packaging force of the packaged stacked cell stack is dynamically adjusted, and the variable-stiffness spring compensation mechanism is adopted to realize the control of the packaging force of the cell stack so as to meet the requirement of the required packaging force under different working conditions. When the inside of the electric pile is thermally expanded, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is reduced; when the environment temperature working condition is low and the cold shrinkage inside the galvanic pile is caused, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is increased, the temperature rise of the end part is simultaneously facilitated to the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell, the accurate control of the packaging force under the full working condition of the fuel cell is further ensured, and the power generation performance of the galvanic pile is improved.

Example 3

The invention provides a technical scheme that:

an all-condition packaging force control method of a stacked battery packaging structure, which is used for controlling the packaging force of the stacked battery packaging structure as in embodiment 2, specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, presetting the packaging force F required when the optimal power generation performance is achieved under different working condition points _X Optimum power generation required at each operating pointRequired sealing force F _X Different, such as in the case of normal temperature start, high temperature start, low temperature cold start, etc., F _X Are not identical.

Step two, judging the state of the stacked battery packaging structure in operation, and selecting corresponding F _X The value is obtained.

And step three, reading the parameters of the pressure sensor 107 and the parameters of the displacement sensor 207 in the state in the step two.

Step four, calculating the actual packaging force F according to the data in the step three _a Will F _a And F _X Comparing to determine F _a If the packaging force meets the requirement, the system keeps the packaging force, if the packaging force meets the requirement, the compensation mechanism is used for adjusting F _a The packaging force of (2) meets the requirements.

By adjustment of compensating means to F _a The step of meeting the packaging force of (1) is to pass the packaging force F required by the optimal power generation performance under the preset current condition _X The number of the compensation mechanisms, the real-time value detected by the displacement sensor and the real-time value of the pressure sensor dynamically adjust the liquid in the piston assembly to be filled or discharged, so that the actual overall structural force of the packaging structure approaches to the packaging force F _X 。

When the fuel cell is assembled, the compensation mechanism contains liquid, the liquid inlet pipe 104 and the liquid outlet pipe are closed, and the fuel cell is compressed under the action of the pre-tightening force of the packaging part 11, and the packaging force F is generated _A . According to the principle of force interaction, the stack encloses a force F _A Equal to the sum of all compensating mechanisms F _B I.e. F _A ＝F _B 。

F _B ＝ΣF _Bi (i＝1，2，3，4)，F _B1 Indicating the pressure of the first set of compensation mechanisms and so on.

F _B1 Involving spring forces F _B11 And hydraulic pressure F _B12 Wherein the spring force F _B11 = K X, K representing the spring rate and X representing the distance the free length spring is compressed; hydraulic force F _B12 A, = P, P liquid pressure, A activityThe effective area of the plug, and so on.

Then, F _B1 ＝F _B11 +F _B12 ＝K＊X+P＊A。

Thus, F is adjusted by the compensating mechanism _a The step of meeting the requirement is that the packaging force F required by the optimal power generation performance under the preset current condition is passed _X The number of the compensating mechanisms and the value detected by the displacement sensor 207 at this time can calculate the required pressure value, the calculated pressure value is compared with the actual value of the pressure sensor 107 to obtain the pressure difference, and the liquid in the piston assembly is charged or discharged according to the positive and negative pressure difference.

When the fuel cell system is started to operate at normal temperature or high temperature, hydrogen and oxygen generate electrochemical reaction in the reactor core 10 to generate electric energy and heat energy, components (a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a sealing ring and the like) of the reactor core 10 generate thermal expansion, the packaging force of the reactor is increased, and the spring is continuously compressed; when the fuel cell is operated at a certain working point, if the current packaging force is greater than the required packaging force, the liquid outlet regulating valve 206 is opened, the liquid inlet regulating valve 106 is closed, liquid in the compensating mechanism flows out under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, until a certain moment, the distance of the displacement sensor 207 is reduced, the distance is changed by delta x, the liquid pressure of the hydraulic spring compensating mechanism is changed by delta p, and F is equal to the required packaging force of the fuel cell _B1｀ And the outlet regulating valve 206 is closed.

At this time, F _B1｀＝F _B11｀ +F _B12｀ The other groups of compensation mechanisms are respectively and simultaneously controlled according to the method, and the packaging force F required by the optimal power generation performance of the whole packaging force to reach the preset value is generally achieved _X 。

When the fuel cell system is stored at low temperature or started to operate, due to the low environmental temperature, the reactor core assembly (the bipolar plate, the membrane electrode, the sealing ring and the like) is in a cold contraction state, or the rubber ring is in other states such as stress relaxation and the like, the packaging force of the electric pile is reduced compared with that of the electric pile when the electric pile leaves a factory, the packaging force of the electric pile is reduced, and the spring is released to extend. When the packaging machine operates at a certain working point, if the current packaging force is less than the required packaging force, the liquid is discharged at the momentThe regulating valve 206 is closed, the liquid inlet regulating valve 106 is opened, the branched liquid of the water pump enters the compensating mechanism, until a certain time, the distance of the displacement sensor 207 is increased, the change delta x is realized, the liquid pressure change delta p of the hydraulic spring compensating mechanism is realized, and F is realized when the required packaging force of the fuel cell is reached _B1｀ And the feed liquid regulating valve 106 is closed. When the inlet pressure is insufficient, the rotating speed of the water pump can be increased; when the cold start is carried out at low temperature, the liquid temperature of the water pump rises after the liquid is cooled and exchanged heat by the heater 4 or the reactor, and the liquid flows into the active compensation mechanism of the hydraulic stiffness-changing spring, so that the temperature of the end part of the fuel cell can be raised while the stiffness is increased, and the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell is facilitated.

At this time, F _B1｀＝F _B11｀ +F _B12｀ The other groups of compensation mechanisms are respectively and simultaneously controlled according to the method, so that the whole packaging force reaches the packaging force F required by the optimal power generation performance with a preset value _X 。

The method adopts the variable-stiffness spring compensation mechanism to realize the control of the packaging force of the galvanic pile so as to meet the optimal packaging force required under different working conditions. When the inside of the electric pile is thermally expanded, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is reduced; when the environment temperature working condition is low and the cooling shrinkage inside the galvanic pile is caused, the rigidity of the variable-rigidity spring compensation mechanism is increased, and the active control of the packaging force of the galvanic pile can be ensured.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compensating mechanism, characterized by: comprises a liquid storage cylinder, a piston part and a spring part; a liquid storage cavity matched with the piston piece is arranged in the liquid storage cylinder, and a spring cavity for accommodating the spring piece is arranged between the liquid storage cylinder and the piston piece; through the regulation of relative distance between piston spare and the liquid storage tank, can make the distance in spring chamber change to change the dynamics to external world on the whole.

2. A compensating mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid storage cylinder comprises a first contact plate, a liquid inlet pipeline and a piston port; first conflict board sets up on the stock solution chamber, the liquid inlet pipe way runs through first conflict board and sets up with stock solution chamber intercommunication, the piston mouth sets up in stock solution chamber bottom position, the size of piston mouth matches the setting with piston spare contact site, makes the piston spare carry out free motion through the piston mouth.

3. A compensating mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the piston piece comprises a sealing plate, a piston rod and a second contact plate; the sealing plate is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the size of the sealing plate is matched with the inner diameter of the liquid storage cavity, and the sealing plate can move back and forth along the length direction of the liquid storage cavity under the condition of stress; the piston rod is connected with the sealing plate and the second abutting plate, a central pipeline for communicating the sealing plate with the second abutting plate is arranged in the piston rod, and a liquid outlet pipeline communicated with the central pipeline is arranged on the second abutting plate.

4. A compensating mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the liquid inlet pipeline is provided with a liquid inlet regulating valve and a pressure sensor, the liquid outlet pipeline is provided with a liquid outlet regulating valve, and the first touch panel or the second touch panel is provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the relative distance between the first touch panel and the second touch panel.

5. A compensating mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a heater, a cooling circulation loop and a power source are also arranged; the heater, the cooling circulation loop and the power source are arranged in series, the outlet end of the power source is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline, and the inlet end of the power source is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline.

6. A packaging structure of a stacked battery stack comprises a cathode end plate, a cathode insulation end plate, a cathode current collecting plate, a reactor core of an electric stack, a packaging piece, an anode current collecting plate and an anode insulation end plate; the cathode current collecting plate, the reactor core of the electric pile and the anode current collecting plate are respectively arranged in an area between the cathode insulating end plate and the anode insulating end plate, the cathode end plate is arranged on the end face, far away from the anode insulating end plate, of the cathode insulating end plate, the packaging piece is arranged between the cathode end plate and the anode insulating end plate, and the packaging piece carries out forced limiting packaging on an integral battery structure formed by the cathode current collecting plate, the reactor core of the electric pile and the anode current collecting plate; the method is characterized in that: the cathode collector plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a plurality of compensating mechanisms disposed between the cathode terminal plate and the cathode insulating terminal plate along a length direction of the cathode collector plate.

7. The package structure of claim 6, wherein: and a through hole for the penetration of the liquid inlet pipeline is formed in the cathode end plate.

8. A method for controlling the packaging force of a stacked battery packaging structure under all operating conditions, which controls the packaging force of the stacked battery packaging structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

Step two, judging the state of the stacked battery packaging structure during operation, and selecting corresponding F _X A value;

step four, the actual packaging force F is measured and calculated according to the data in the step three _a A 1 to F _a And F _X Comparing to determine F _a If the packaging force meets the requirement, the system keeps the packaging force, if the packaging force meets the requirement, the compensation mechanism is used for adjusting F _a The packaging force of (2) meets the requirements.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step four, F is adjusted by the compensating mechanism _a Has a packaging force ofThe step of obtaining is that the packaging force F required by the best power generation performance under the preset current condition is passed _X The number of the compensation mechanisms, the real-time value detected by the displacement sensor and the real-time value of the pressure sensor dynamically adjust the liquid in the piston assembly to be filled or discharged, so that the actual overall structural force of the packaging structure approaches to the packaging force F _X 。

10. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: when the fuel cell system is started to operate at normal temperature or high temperature, the hydrogen and the oxygen generate electrochemical reaction in the reactor core of the electric reactor to generate electric energy and heat energy, the reactor core assembly of the electric reactor generates thermal expansion, and the packaging force of the electric reactor is increased; if the current packaging force is larger than the required packaging force, the distance between the displacement sensors is reduced, the liquid outlet regulating valve is opened, the liquid inlet regulating valve is closed, liquid in the compensating mechanism flows out under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the packaging force required by the fuel cell is achieved, the liquid outlet regulating valve is closed, the compensating mechanisms of other groups are respectively and simultaneously controlled according to the method, and the overall packaging force is enabled to achieve the packaging force required by the optimal power generation performance of the preset value on the whole;

when the fuel cell system is stored at low temperature or started to operate, due to the low environmental temperature, the reactor core assembly is in a cold-shrinkage state or the rubber ring is in a stress relaxation state, the packaging force of the electric pile is reduced compared with that of the electric pile when the electric pile leaves a factory, if the current packaging force is smaller than the required packaging force, the distance of the displacement sensor is increased, the liquid outlet regulating valve is closed, the liquid inlet regulating valve is opened, the branched liquid of the water pump enters the compensating mechanism, when the packaging force required by the fuel cell is reached, the liquid inlet regulating valve is closed, and the liquid pressure of the compensating mechanism is changed; when the inlet pressure is insufficient, the rotating speed of the water pump is considered to be increased; when the low-temperature cold start is performed, after the water pump liquid is cooled by a heater or a reactor for heat exchange, the liquid temperature rises, the liquid flows into the hydraulic stiffness-variable spring active compensation mechanism, the stiffness is increased, the temperature rise of the end part of the fuel cell is facilitated to rapidly start the fuel cell at the low temperature, the compensation mechanisms of other groups are respectively and simultaneously controlled according to the method, and the whole packaging force is enabled to reach the packaging force required by the optimal power generation performance of the preset value on the whole.