CN115347219A - Fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and controller method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and controller method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115347219A CN115347219A CN202210922484.XA CN202210922484A CN115347219A CN 115347219 A CN115347219 A CN 115347219A CN 202210922484 A CN202210922484 A CN 202210922484A CN 115347219 A CN115347219 A CN 115347219A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- hydrogen supply
- fuel cell
- control valve
- flow control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and a controller method thereof, wherein the fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply subsystem and a hydrogen circulation subsystem; the hydrogen supply subsystem comprises a hydrogen source, an ejector, a first hydrogen supply pipeline connected between the hydrogen source and the ejector, a second hydrogen supply pipeline connected between the ejector and the fuel cell stack, a heater and a first flow control valve which are all installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline, a first pressure sensor connected with the second hydrogen supply pipeline, a third hydrogen supply pipeline and a second flow control valve installed on the third hydrogen supply pipeline, wherein the first flow control valve and the ejector which are connected in series are connected in parallel with the second flow control valve; the power component of the hydrogen circulation subsystem is a hydrogen circulation pump. This application can reduce the new hydrogen flow through the ejector, reduces the nozzle bore of ejector, widens the operating mode scope of ejector, reduces the operating mode scope of hydrogen circulating pump, improves the life of hydrogen circulating pump.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of proton exchange membranes, in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and a control method thereof.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell uses hydrogen as fuel, utilizes the electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen and oxygen to generate electric energy, heat energy and water, and outputs energy outwards, and is a power generation device. Compared with an internal combustion engine, the device has higher efficiency and power density and can be applied to the field of new energy automobiles.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is provided with a fuel cell system and a hydrogen circulation system, wherein the hydrogen circulation system provides a certain pressure and flow of reactor-out reaction gas for the fuel cell system, so that the normal operation of electrochemical reaction in a fuel cell stack is ensured. The hydrogen circulation system ensures the water balance in the fuel cell by recycling a large amount of hydrogen and improves the economical efficiency of the system. Therefore, the hydrogen circulation can improve the uniformity of the humidity and concentration of the anode of the fuel cell system, avoid local over-drying, flooding or under-gassing, and play a vital role in the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the whole fuel cell system and the service life of the membrane electrode.
Currently, hydrogen circulation systems typically use a hydrogen circulation pump or/and an ejector as a power component to boost the pressure of the reactant gas. Wherein, the hydrogen circulating pump can satisfy the gaseous circulation demand of fuel cell system full operating mode within range, and control is convenient, but the hydrogen circulating pump is the rotating machinery pump, has shortcomings such as bulky, weight is big, the noise is big, the reliability is poor. The ejector is mechanical structure spare, can compensate the shortcoming of hydrogen circulating pump, but is difficult to satisfy all operating mode applications of fuel cell system for the rate of utilization of opening of hydrogen circulating pump is still higher, is difficult to reduce the requirement to the hydrogen circulating pump, finally leads to the life of hydrogen circulating pump to be shorter.
In the prior art, for example, a chinese utility model patent with an authorization publication number of CN212485377U discloses a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell, which adopts an arrangement form of parallel connection of an ejector and a circulation pump, and can overcome the disadvantages of the two; however, heating of fresh hydrogen is not considered, and in the process of pressurizing the circulating hydrogen gas by the ejector, the temperature of the circulating hydrogen gas is reduced due to the reduction of the temperature of the fresh hydrogen, and liquid water is separated out in the process, so that the fuel cell system can be locally flooded. For example, the chinese utility model with publication number CN215834559U discloses an ejector and a fuel cell system, which are provided with a mixing chamber in the ejector, and the outer wall of the mixing chamber is connected with a heating device, which can heat the mixing chamber to prevent the inner surface of the ejector chamber from freezing, but still cannot avoid the separation of liquid water generated during the mixing process of the secondary flow and when the temperature of the new hydrogen is low.
In addition, when the ejector works, the circulating gas can flow back to the ejector suction branch through the hydrogen circulating pump branch, does not pass through the battery stack, and cannot achieve the purpose of hydrogen circulation. When the hydrogen circulating pump works, circulating gas can flow back to a suction inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump through the ejector suction branch, does not pass through the battery stack, and cannot achieve the purpose of hydrogen circulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell, which can widen the operating range of an ejector and reduce the generation of condensed water inside the ejector.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system, which comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply subsystem connected with the fuel cell stack, and a hydrogen circulation subsystem connected between the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen supply subsystem;
the hydrogen supply subsystem comprises a hydrogen source, an ejector, a first hydrogen supply pipeline connected between the hydrogen source and the inlet end of the ejector, a second hydrogen supply pipeline connected between the outlet end of the ejector and the fuel cell stack, a heater and a first flow control valve which are installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline, a first pressure sensor connected with the second hydrogen supply pipeline, a third hydrogen supply pipeline and a second flow control valve installed on the third hydrogen supply pipeline, wherein two ends of the third hydrogen supply pipeline are respectively connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline and the second hydrogen supply pipeline, so that the first flow control valve and the ejector which are connected in series are connected in parallel with the second flow control valve, and the connection point of the second hydrogen supply pipeline and the third hydrogen supply pipeline and the first pressure sensor are sequentially distributed along the gas flow direction in the second hydrogen supply pipeline;
the power part of the hydrogen circulation subsystem is a hydrogen circulation pump.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen circulation subsystem comprises a steam-water separator, a first hydrogen circulation pipeline connected between the fuel cell stack and the inlet end of the steam-water separator, a second hydrogen circulation pipeline connected between the outlet end of the steam-water separator and the ejector, and a third hydrogen circulation pipeline connected between the outlet end of the steam-water separator and the second hydrogen supply pipeline, wherein the hydrogen circulation pump is installed on the third hydrogen circulation pipeline.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen circulation subsystem further includes a first check valve mounted on the second hydrogen circulation line, and a second check valve mounted on the third hydrogen circulation line.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen circulation subsystem further comprises a second pressure sensor connected to the steam-water separator.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen supply subsystem further comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor which are connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline, and the first temperature sensor, the heater and the second temperature sensor are distributed in sequence along the gas flow direction in the first hydrogen supply pipeline.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the heater is a heat exchanger.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen supply subsystem further comprises a third pressure sensor connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline, and the third pressure sensor is distributed on the front side of the ejector.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen supply subsystem further comprises a safety valve connected with the second hydrogen supply pipeline, and the connection point of the second hydrogen supply pipeline and the third hydrogen supply pipeline and the safety valve are distributed in sequence along the gas flow direction in the second hydrogen supply pipeline.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen supply subsystem further comprises a pressure reducing valve and a switch valve which are both installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline, the pressure reducing valve and the heater are distributed in sequence along the flow direction of gas in the first hydrogen supply pipeline, and the pressure reducing valve and the switch valve are distributed in sequence along the flow direction of gas in the first hydrogen supply pipeline.
The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the hydrogen supply subsystem further comprises a hydrogen filter mounted on the first hydrogen supply conduit, the hydrogen filter being distributed between the pressure reducing valve and the on-off valve.
The application also provides a control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a controller, wherein the first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, the first pressure sensor and the hydrogen circulating pump are all in communication connection with the controller, and a target air pressure is prestored in the controller and is matched with the target power of the fuel cell stack;
s2, enabling the first flow control valve to be in a normally open state and enabling the second flow control valve and the hydrogen circulating pump to be in a normally closed state by the controller;
s3, hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen source sequentially flows into the anode of the fuel cell stack through a first hydrogen supply pipeline, an ejector and a second hydrogen supply pipeline, and the hydrogen in the first hydrogen supply pipeline is heated by a heater and then flows into the ejector;
s4, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first flow control valve, the second flow control valve and the hydrogen circulating pump according to the target air pressure and the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor:
s41, when the working condition of the ejector meets the target air pressure, the second flow control valve and the hydrogen circulating pump are kept closed, and the opening of the first flow control valve is adjusted according to the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor until the real-time air pressure reaches the target air pressure;
s42, when the working condition of the ejector does not meet the target air pressure, enabling the opening degree of the first flow control valve to be 100%, opening the second flow control valve, keeping the hydrogen circulating pump closed, and adjusting the opening degree of the second flow control valve according to the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor until the real-time air pressure reaches the target air pressure;
s43, when the working condition of the ejector exceeds the target air pressure, the hydrogen circulating pump is opened, the first flow control valve is closed, and the second flow control valve is kept closed.
As described above, the fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and the control method thereof according to the present invention have the following advantageous effects:
this application supplies new hydrogen to the fuel cell pile through supplying the hydrogen subsystem, and in supplying the hydrogen subsystem, new hydrogen can flow into the ejector again after the heater heating to reduce the inside comdenstion water that produces of ejector when fuel cell supplies hydrogen and hydrogen circulation system, guarantee fuel cell and supply hydrogen and hydrogen circulation system's normal operating. Especially, the hydrogen supply subsystem adopts the first flow control valve and the ejector of series connection and the parallelly connected form of second flow control valve, adopt two way flow control valve parallel arrangement promptly, can reduce the new hydrogen flow through the ejector, and then can reduce the nozzle bore of ejector, just also widened the operating mode scope of ejector, the rate of utilization of opening of ejector has been increased promptly, relatively speaking, just also reduced the operating mode scope of hydrogen circulating pump, the rate of utilization of opening of hydrogen circulating pump has been reduced promptly, finally effectively reduce the requirement to the hydrogen circulating pump, and improve the life of hydrogen circulating pump.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell according to the present application.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a third embodiment of a hydrogen supply and circulation system of a fuel cell according to the present application.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a hydrogen supply and circulation system of a fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a fifth exemplary embodiment of a hydrogen supply and circulation system of a fuel cell according to the present application.
Description of the element reference numerals
10. Fuel cell stack
20. Hydrogen supply subsystem
21. Hydrogen source
22. Ejector
23. First hydrogen supply pipeline
24. Second hydrogen supply pipeline
25. Heating device
251. Heat exchanger
26. First flow control valve
27. First pressure sensor
28. Third hydrogen supply pipeline
29. Second flow control valve
210. First temperature sensor
211. Second temperature sensor
212. Third pressure sensor
213. Safety valve
214. Pressure reducing valve
215. Switch valve
216. Hydrogen filter
217. Third temperature sensor
30. Hydrogen circulation subsystem
31. Hydrogen circulation pump
32. Steam-water separator
321. Nitrogen discharging valve
322. Drain valve
33. First hydrogen circulation pipeline
34. Second hydrogen circulation pipeline
35. Third hydrogen circulation pipeline
36. First check valve
37. Second check valve
38. Second pressure sensor
39. Fourth temperature sensor
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes and modifications.
The application provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and a control method thereof, which are applied to a proton exchange membrane. The following provides several preferred embodiments of a fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system.
Embodiment one of hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of fuel cell
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of a hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell includes a fuel cell stack 10, a hydrogen supply subsystem 20 connected to the fuel cell stack 10, and a hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 connected between the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen supply subsystem 20, wherein the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 is configured to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 10 to realize the supply of new hydrogen; the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 is used for sending the hydrogen mixed gas flowing out from the fuel cell stack 10 into the hydrogen supply subsystem 20, mixing with the new hydrogen in the hydrogen supply subsystem 20, and then flowing into the fuel cell stack 10 to realize hydrogen circulation.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 includes a hydrogen source 21, an ejector 22, a first hydrogen supply pipeline 23 connected between the hydrogen source 21 and an inlet end of the ejector 22, a second hydrogen supply pipeline 24 connected between an outlet end of the ejector 22 and the fuel cell stack 10, a heater 25 and a first flow control valve 26 both mounted on the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23, a first pressure sensor 27 connected to the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24, a third hydrogen supply pipeline 28, and a second flow control valve 29 mounted on the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28; the heater 25 is used for heating the fresh hydrogen in the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23, and the fresh hydrogen entering the ejector 22 is the heated fresh hydrogen; the two ends of the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28 are respectively connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23 and the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24, so that the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22 which are connected in series are connected with the second flow control valve 29 in parallel, and new hydrogen is supplied by two branches, wherein the first branch is supplied by the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22, the second branch is supplied by the second flow control valve 29 and the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28, and the two branches are gathered to the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24; the connection point of the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24 and the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28 and the first pressure sensor 27 are distributed in sequence along the gas flow direction in the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24, so that the pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 27 is total pressure of two parallel paths. The power component of the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 is a hydrogen circulation pump 31.
The application also provides a control method of the fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a controller, and enabling a first flow control valve 26, a second flow control valve 29, a first pressure sensor 27 and a hydrogen circulating pump 31 to be in communication connection with the controller, wherein the opening and closing of the first flow control valve 26, the second flow control valve 29 and the hydrogen circulating pump 31 are controlled by the controller; a target air pressure is prestored in the controller, and the target air pressure is matched with the target power of the fuel cell stack 10;
s2, the controller enables the first flow control valve 26 to be in a normally open state, and enables the second flow control valve 29 and the hydrogen circulating pump 31 to be in a normally closed state;
s3, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen source 21 sequentially flows into the anode of the fuel cell stack 10 through the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23, the first flow control valve 26, the ejector 22 and the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24 to supply new hydrogen, and the hydrogen in the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23 is heated by the heater 25 and then flows into the ejector 22;
and S4, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first flow control valve 26, the second flow control valve 29 and the hydrogen circulating pump 31 according to the target air pressure and the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor 27:
s41, when the operating condition of the ejector 22 meets the target air pressure, it indicates that the target power of the fuel cell stack 10 can already be met by the new hydrogen supplied only through the first branch of the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22, and at this time, the controller keeps opening the first flow control valve 26 and keeps closing the second flow control valve 29 and the hydrogen circulation pump 31, that is, keeps inputting hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 10 only through the first branch of the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22; meanwhile, the controller also adjusts the opening degree of the first flow control valve 26 according to the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor 27 until the real-time air pressure reaches the target air pressure;
s42, when the working condition of the ejector 22 does not meet the target air pressure, the air pressure generated by the ejector 22 under the maximum working condition is still smaller than the target air pressure, at the moment, the controller controls the opening of the first flow control valve 26 to be 100%, the second flow control valve 29 to be opened, and the hydrogen circulating pump 31 to be kept closed, then hydrogen is simultaneously input to the fuel cell stack 10 through the first branch of the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22 which are arranged in parallel, and the second branch of the second flow control valve 29 and the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28, and the first flow control valve 26 is in a fully-opened state; meanwhile, the controller also adjusts the opening of the second flow control valve 29 according to the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor 27 until the real-time air pressure reaches the target air pressure;
s43, when the operating condition of the ejector 22 exceeds the target air pressure, it indicates that the air pressure generated by the ejector 22 under the minimum operating condition is still greater than the target air pressure, at this time, the controller controls the hydrogen circulation pump 31 to be opened, the first flow control valve 26 to be closed, and the second flow control valve 29 to be closed, so that the first branch of the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22, and the second branch of the second flow control valve 29 and the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28 are both closed, and hydrogen is input to the fuel cell stack 10 through the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 only by the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30.
Therefore, in the above-described fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 realizes supply of fresh hydrogen, and the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 realizes circulation of hydrogen. Particularly, the heater 25 is arranged in the hydrogen supply subsystem 20, and fresh hydrogen flows into the ejector 22 after being heated by the heater 25, so that condensed water generated in the ejector 22 when the fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system operates is reduced, a water flooding phenomenon of the fuel cell stack 10 is avoided, and the normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system is ensured. And, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 adopts the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22 and the second flow control valve 29 that are connected in series to be connected in parallel, namely, two paths of flow control valves are arranged in parallel, the new hydrogen flow passing through the ejector 22 can be reduced, and further, the nozzle caliber of the ejector 22 can be reduced, the working condition range of the ejector 22 is also widened, namely, the opening utilization rate of the ejector 22 is increased, relatively speaking, the working condition range of the hydrogen circulating pump 31 is also reduced, namely, the opening utilization rate of the hydrogen circulating pump 31 is reduced, finally, the requirement on the hydrogen circulating pump 31 is effectively reduced, and the service life of the hydrogen circulating pump 31 is prolonged.
Preferably, the heater 25 is a heat exchanger 251, and the heating of the fresh hydrogen in the first hydrogen supply conduit 23 is realized through the heat exchanger 251.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 includes a steam-water separator 32, a first hydrogen circulation pipeline 33 connected between the fuel cell stack 10 and an inlet end of the steam-water separator 32, a second hydrogen circulation pipeline 34 connected between an outlet end of the steam-water separator 32 and the ejector 22, and a third hydrogen circulation pipeline 35 connected between an outlet end of the steam-water separator 32 and the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24, and the hydrogen circulation pump 31 is installed on the third hydrogen circulation pipeline 35; the steam-water separator 32 is provided with a nitrogen discharge valve 321 and a drain valve 322. Therefore, the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 is also arranged in parallel, after the hydrogen gas mixture flowing out of the fuel cell stack 10 is subjected to steam-water separation by the steam-water separator 32, one branch of the mixture directly flows into the ejector 22 through the second hydrogen circulation pipeline 34, and the other branch of the mixture flows into the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24 through the hydrogen circulation pump 31 and the third hydrogen circulation pipeline 35. In this way, the design requirement for the hydrogen circulation pump 31 can be further reduced, and the service life of the hydrogen circulation pump 31 can be further extended.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 further includes a first check valve 36 mounted on the second hydrogen circulation pipe 34, and a second check valve 37 mounted on the third hydrogen circulation pipe 35, the second check valve 37 being disposed on the outlet end side of the hydrogen circulation pump 31. The first check valve 36 prevents the hydrogen circulation pump 31 and the third hydrogen circulation pipeline 35 from flowing back when the ejector 22 works, so that all the circulation gas enters the fuel cell stack 10; the second check valve 37 prevents the ejector 22 from pumping the bypass back when the hydrogen circulation pump 31 is in operation, so that all of the circulating gas enters the fuel cell stack 10. Therefore, through setting up first check valve 36 and second check valve 37, effectively avoid producing the backward flow, make hydrogen circulating pump 31 and ejector 22 can both exert the biggest circulation ability, guarantee that fuel cell supplies hydrogen and hydrogen circulation system's hydrogen circulation demand is satisfied.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 further includes a second pressure sensor 38 connected to the steam-water separator 32, and the second pressure sensor 38 is connected to the controller in communication for feeding back the real-time air pressure in the steam-water separator 32 to the controller. The hydrogen supply subsystem 20 further comprises a third pressure sensor 212 connected to the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23, wherein the third pressure sensor 212 is distributed on the front side of the ejector 22, that is, the third pressure sensor 212 and the ejector 22 are distributed in sequence along the gas flow direction in the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23; the third pressure sensor 212 measures the real-time air pressure in the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23 and feeds back the real-time air pressure to the controller, so as to monitor the residual air quantity of the hydrogen source 21, and the controller judges whether the hydrogen source 21 is insufficient or not; when the real-time air pressure fed back by the third pressure sensor 212 is lower than the threshold, the output power of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell is actively reduced, so as to prevent the phenomenon of anode short gas, that is, the phenomenon of system power reduction caused by insufficient fuel supply.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 further includes a first temperature sensor 210 and a second temperature sensor 211 both connected to the first hydrogen supply conduit 23, wherein the first temperature sensor 210, the heat exchanger 251 and the second temperature sensor 211 are sequentially distributed along the gas flow direction in the first hydrogen supply conduit 23, that is, the first temperature sensor 210 is distributed on the inlet end side of the heat exchanger 251, and the second temperature sensor 211 is distributed on the outlet end side of the heat exchanger 251. The first temperature sensor 210 and the second temperature sensor 211 are both in communication connection with a controller, and the controller monitors the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger 251 according to the feedback temperatures of the first temperature sensor 210 and the second temperature sensor 211; when the difference between the first temperature sensor 210 and the second temperature sensor 211 is lower than the set threshold, the hot water supply amount of the heat exchanger 251 is increased, and the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger 251 is improved. In addition, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 further includes a third temperature sensor 217 connected to the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24, and a connection point between the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24 and the third hydrogen supply pipeline 28 and the third temperature sensor 217 are sequentially distributed along a gas flow direction in the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24; the third temperature sensors 217 are all in communication connection with the controller, and the third temperature sensors 217 are used for measuring the temperature of the gas collected in the second hydrogen supply pipeline 24 and feeding the temperature back to the controller. The hydrogen circulation subsystem 30 further comprises a fourth temperature sensor 39 connected to the first hydrogen circulation line 33, the fourth temperature sensor 39 being in communication with the controller; the fourth temperature sensor 39 is used to measure the temperature of the hydrogen gas mixture flowing out of the fuel cell stack 10 and feed back to the controller.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 further includes a safety valve 213 connected to the second hydrogen supply pipe 24, and a connection point of the second hydrogen supply pipe 24 and the third hydrogen supply pipe 28 and the safety valve 213 are sequentially distributed along a gas flow direction in the second hydrogen supply pipe 24; the relief valve 213 is in communication with the controller, and the relief valve 213 is normally closed. When the system has a fault, for example, the first flow control valve 26 and the second flow control valve 29 have a fault, the gas source may be cut off, and the controller controls the safety valve 213 to open, so as to release the pressure through the safety valve 213, thereby avoiding secondary faults.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen supply subsystem 20 further includes a pressure reducing valve 214 and an on-off valve 215 both mounted on the first hydrogen supply pipe 23, the pressure reducing valve 214 and the heater 25 are sequentially distributed along the gas flow direction in the first hydrogen supply pipe 23, and the pressure reducing valve 214 and the on-off valve 215 are sequentially distributed along the gas flow direction in the first hydrogen supply pipe 23; the relief valve 214 functions to relieve pressure; the switch valve 215 can cut off the air source when the system fails, so as to avoid secondary failure. The hydrogen supply subsystem 20 further comprises a hydrogen filter 216 mounted on the first hydrogen supply pipeline 23, wherein the hydrogen filter 216 is distributed between the pressure reducing valve 214 and the on-off valve 215, so that impurities are prevented from entering the on-off valve 215, the first flow control valve 26 and the second flow control valve 29, and the on-off valve 215, the first flow control valve 26 and the second flow control valve 29 are prevented from being jammed and failed.
In the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen source 21, the pressure reducing valve 214, the heat exchanger 251, the hydrogen filter 216, the on-off valve 215, the first flow control valve 26, and the ejector 22 are arranged in series, and the heat exchanger 251 is disposed between the pressure reducing valve 214 and the hydrogen filter 216. The output port of the hydrogen source 21 may be directly connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing valve 214, or the output port of the hydrogen source 21 may be connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing valve 214 via the first hydrogen supply pipe 23; the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 214 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 251 via the first hydrogen supply pipe 23; the outlet of the heat exchanger 251 may be directly connected to the hydrogen filter 216, or the outlet of the heat exchanger 251 may be connected to the hydrogen filter 216 via the first hydrogen supply conduit 23. The first temperature sensor 210 is disposed on the section of the first hydrogen supply pipe 23 between the pressure reducing valve 214 and the heat exchanger 251, one end of the third hydrogen supply pipe 28 is connected to the section of the first hydrogen supply pipe 23 between the on-off valve 215 and the first flow rate control valve 26, and the third pressure sensor 212 may be disposed at any position between the pressure reducing valve 214, the heat exchanger 251, the hydrogen filter 216, the on-off valve 215, the first flow rate control valve 26 and the ejector 22, preferably, on the section of the first hydrogen supply pipe 23 between the first flow rate control valve 26 and the ejector 22.
Second embodiment of hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for fuel cell
The difference between the second embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell and the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell is that: the arrangement positions of the heat exchangers 251 are different. As shown in fig. 2, in the second embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell, a heat exchanger 251 is disposed between the hydrogen filter 216 and the on-off valve 215.
Third embodiment of hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for fuel cell
The difference between the third embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell and the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell is that: the arrangement positions of the heat exchangers 251 are different. As shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell, the heat exchanger 251 is disposed between the on-off valve 215 and the first flow control valve 26, and one end of the third hydrogen supply pipe 28 is connected to the section of the first hydrogen supply pipe 23 between the heat exchanger 251 and the first flow control valve 26.
Fourth embodiment of hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for fuel cell
The difference between the fourth embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell and the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell is that: the arrangement positions of the heat exchangers 251 are different. As shown in fig. 4, in the fourth embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell, a heat exchanger 251 is disposed between the first flow control valve 26 and the ejector 22.
In the second embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell to the fourth embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell, the position of the heat exchanger 251 is changed; at this time, the position of the first temperature sensor 210 may be kept constant or may be adjusted following the position of the heat exchanger 251, but the first temperature sensor 210 is always disposed on the front side of the heat exchanger 251.
Fifth embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of fuel cell
The difference between the fifth embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell and the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell is that: the second check valve 37 is disposed at a different position. As shown in fig. 5, the second check valve 37 is disposed on the inlet end side of the hydrogen circulation pump 31.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system is characterized in that: comprises a fuel cell stack (10), a hydrogen supply subsystem (20) connected with the fuel cell stack (10), and a hydrogen circulation subsystem (30) connected between the fuel cell stack (10) and the hydrogen supply subsystem (20);
the hydrogen supply subsystem (20) comprises a hydrogen source (21), an ejector (22), a first hydrogen supply pipeline (23) connected between the hydrogen source (21) and the inlet end of the ejector (22), a second hydrogen supply pipeline (24) connected between the outlet end of the ejector (22) and the fuel cell stack (10), a heater (25) and a first flow control valve (26) which are installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23), a first pressure sensor (27) connected with the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24), a third hydrogen supply pipeline (28), and a second flow control valve (29) installed on the third hydrogen supply pipeline (28), wherein two ends of the third hydrogen supply pipeline (28) are respectively connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23) and the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24), so that the first flow control valve (26) and the ejector (22) which are connected in series are connected with the second flow control valve (29), and the connection points of the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24) and the third hydrogen supply pipeline (28) and the flow control valve (29) are distributed along the flow direction of the first pressure sensor (27);
the power component of the hydrogen circulation subsystem (30) is a hydrogen circulation pump (31).
2. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen circulation subsystem (30) comprises a steam-water separator (32), a first hydrogen circulation pipeline (33) connected between the fuel cell stack (10) and the inlet end of the steam-water separator (32), a second hydrogen circulation pipeline (34) connected between the outlet end of the steam-water separator (32) and the ejector (22), and a third hydrogen circulation pipeline (35) connected between the outlet end of the steam-water separator (32) and the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24), wherein the hydrogen circulation pump (31) is installed on the third hydrogen circulation pipeline (35).
3. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 2, wherein: the hydrogen circulation subsystem (30) further includes a first check valve (36) mounted on the second hydrogen circulation line (34), and a second check valve (37) mounted on the third hydrogen circulation line (35).
4. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 2, wherein: the hydrogen circulation subsystem (30) further includes a second pressure sensor (38) connected to the steam-water separator (32).
5. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 2, wherein: the hydrogen supply subsystem (20) further comprises a first temperature sensor (210) and a second temperature sensor (211) which are connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23), and the first temperature sensor (210), the heater (25) and the second temperature sensor (211) are distributed in sequence along the gas flow direction in the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23).
6. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the heater (25) is a heat exchanger (251).
7. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen supply subsystem (20) further comprises a third pressure sensor (212) connected with the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23), and the third pressure sensor (212) is distributed on the front side of the ejector (22).
8. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen supply subsystem (20) further comprises a safety valve (213) connected with the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24), and the connection point of the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24) and the third hydrogen supply pipeline (28) and the safety valve (213) are distributed in sequence along the gas flow direction in the second hydrogen supply pipeline (24).
9. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen supply subsystem (20) further comprises a pressure reducing valve (214) and a switch valve (215) which are both installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23), the pressure reducing valve (214) and the heater (25) are distributed in sequence along the flow direction of gas in the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23), and the pressure reducing valve (214) and the switch valve (215) are distributed in sequence along the flow direction of gas in the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23).
10. A fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system according to claim 9, wherein: the hydrogen supply subsystem (20) further comprises a hydrogen filter (216) mounted on the first hydrogen supply conduit (23), the hydrogen filter (216) being distributed between the pressure reducing valve (214) and the on-off valve (215).
11. A method of controlling a hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a controller, and enabling the first flow control valve (26), the second flow control valve (29), the first pressure sensor (27) and the hydrogen circulating pump (31) to be in communication connection with the controller, wherein target air pressure is prestored in the controller and is matched with target power of a fuel cell stack (10);
s2, enabling the first flow control valve (26) to be in a normally open state and enabling the second flow control valve (29) and the hydrogen circulating pump (31) to be in a normally closed state by the controller;
s3, allowing the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen source (21) to sequentially flow into an anode of the fuel cell stack (10) through a first hydrogen supply pipeline (23), an ejector (22) and a second hydrogen supply pipeline (24), and allowing the hydrogen in the first hydrogen supply pipeline (23) to flow into the ejector (22) after being heated by a heater (25);
s4, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first flow control valve (26), the second flow control valve (29) and the hydrogen circulating pump (31) according to the target air pressure and the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor (27):
s41, when the working condition of the ejector (22) meets the target air pressure, keeping the second flow control valve (29) and the hydrogen circulating pump (31) closed, and adjusting the opening of the first flow control valve (26) according to the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor (27) until the real-time air pressure reaches the target air pressure;
s42, when the working condition of the ejector (22) does not meet the target air pressure, enabling the opening degree of the first flow control valve (26) to be 100%, enabling the second flow control valve (29) to be opened, keeping the hydrogen circulating pump (31) closed, and adjusting the opening degree of the second flow control valve (29) according to the real-time air pressure fed back by the first pressure sensor (27) until the real-time air pressure reaches the target air pressure;
s43, when the working condition of the ejector (22) exceeds the target air pressure, the hydrogen circulating pump (31) is opened, the first flow control valve (26) is closed, and the second flow control valve (29) is kept closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210922484.XA CN115347219A (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and controller method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210922484.XA CN115347219A (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and controller method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115347219A true CN115347219A (en) | 2022-11-15 |
Family
ID=83950394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210922484.XA Pending CN115347219A (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and controller method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115347219A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116505024A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-07-28 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Humidification system and humidification method for fuel cell |
| CN116558999A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-08 | 韵量燃料电池(广东)有限公司 | Method and system for testing cross pressure cycle life of fuel cell stack |
| CN116759607A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-15 | 山东凯格瑞森能源科技有限公司 | Parallel system of ejector and hydrogen circulating pump applied to fuel cell |
| CN116845277A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-03 | 山东凯格瑞森能源科技有限公司 | Series bipolar ejector device applied to fuel cell |
-
2022
- 2022-08-02 CN CN202210922484.XA patent/CN115347219A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116505024A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-07-28 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Humidification system and humidification method for fuel cell |
| CN116505024B (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-09-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Humidification system and humidification method for fuel cell |
| CN116558999A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-08 | 韵量燃料电池(广东)有限公司 | Method and system for testing cross pressure cycle life of fuel cell stack |
| CN116558999B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-26 | 韵量燃料电池(广东)有限公司 | Method and system for testing cross pressure cycle life of fuel cell stack |
| CN116759607A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-15 | 山东凯格瑞森能源科技有限公司 | Parallel system of ejector and hydrogen circulating pump applied to fuel cell |
| CN116845277A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-03 | 山东凯格瑞森能源科技有限公司 | Series bipolar ejector device applied to fuel cell |
| CN116845277B (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2024-05-24 | 山东凯格瑞森能源科技有限公司 | Series bipolar ejector device applied to fuel cell |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN115347219A (en) | Fuel cell hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system and controller method thereof | |
| CN115395050B (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US8940448B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US7141326B2 (en) | Warm-up apparatus for fuel cell | |
| US20160308228A1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| CN103534857B (en) | The coolant temperature adjustment System of fuel cell and thermostat valve | |
| CN105186016A (en) | Electrically controlled hydrogen-spraying pressure regulating device of fuel cell system | |
| CN114068997B (en) | High-efficiency energy-saving fuel cell stack test system | |
| CN113258101B (en) | Fuel cell system and operation control method thereof | |
| CN113140755B (en) | Control method of multi-stack fuel cell hydrogen supply system | |
| CN107634247A (en) | Fuel cell system hydrogen supply device | |
| CN113270616A (en) | Humidifier system and humidification method for vehicle fuel cell | |
| CN101185188B (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| CN113488678A (en) | Hydrogen supply system of fuel cell vehicle | |
| US7718287B2 (en) | Compact anode flow shift design for small fuel cell vehicles | |
| CN215418247U (en) | Fuel cell system with proportional valve | |
| CN110010937A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| KR102372534B1 (en) | Electrolysis system with easily controlling pressure and method for operating the same | |
| CN110718705A (en) | Hydrogen fuel cell and engine | |
| CN217485492U (en) | Solid oxide fuel cell system | |
| CN213660460U (en) | Fuel cell gas humidifying system | |
| JP7400757B2 (en) | fuel cell system | |
| CN216850015U (en) | Fuel cell hydrogen supply device and fuel cell system | |
| CN218274664U (en) | Purging system of fuel cell system | |
| CN214797485U (en) | Fuel cell system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |