CN115344954A - Polynomial-based power turbine wicker leaf profile forming method - Google Patents

Polynomial-based power turbine wicker leaf profile forming method Download PDF

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CN115344954A
CN115344954A CN202210595209.1A CN202210595209A CN115344954A CN 115344954 A CN115344954 A CN 115344954A CN 202210595209 A CN202210595209 A CN 202210595209A CN 115344954 A CN115344954 A CN 115344954A
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turbine
blade
guide vane
profile
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牛夕莹
马涛
林枫
陈鹏
傅琳
李宗全
毛冬岩
金鹤
徐文燕
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703th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
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Abstract

The invention discloses a power turbine wicker leaf profile forming method based on a polynomial, and relates to a forming method of a gas turbine power turbine guide vane which adopts a polynomial and is slender and similar to wickers. The invention aims to provide a wicker-shaped guide vane modeling method which can effectively reduce the flow loss of a blade profile, improve the aerodynamic performance of a turbine blade, weaken the exciting force caused by wake flow and prolong the service life of a downstream movable blade. Therefore, the problems that the efficiency of the turbine is difficult to further improve, the exciting force caused by wake flow is difficult to reduce and the reliability of the movable blade is poor in the conventional modeling method are solved. The invention is used for improving the aerodynamic performance of the turbine blades of the combustion drive compressor unit and the ship gas turbine and weakening the excitation force caused by wake flow.

Description

Polynomial-based power turbine wicker leaf profile forming method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polynomial-based power turbine wicker-shaped guide vane forming method, in particular to a polynomial-based power turbine wicker-shaped guide vane forming method which is long and thin in vane body, similar to a wicker, small in flow loss of a vane profile and small in exciting force caused by wake flow and adopts a polynomial.
Background
The gas turbine has the advantages of high power density, high starting speed and the like, and is widely applied to power generation, fuel drive compression of industrial and offshore platforms and used as a main power device of ships. The efficiency of modern gas turbines reaches a higher level, and the difficulty in further improving the efficiency of units and parts is higher. Further, the gas turbine is a vane-type rotary machine, and the inside thereof is three-dimensional unsteady flow, and unsteady flow caused by factors such as a vane wake affects the acting force on the vane, thereby causing unsteady vibration of the vane. When the aerodynamic frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the blade, the blade resonates, which may result in reduced blade life and even blade damage.
In recent years, with continuous progress of design technology and continuous development of computational fluid mechanics, a full three-dimensional optimization design means is continuously applied in a turbine pneumatic design process, irregular calculation and design technology represented by a blocking effect (time sequence effect) plays a great role in improving turbine efficiency, a turbine pneumatic design system, a design means and a method are continuously enriched and perfected, the improved turbine pneumatic performance is continuously promoted by advanced design technology and blade shapes, and the turbine blade shape is also developed from a traditional straight blade to a complex shape such as a twisted blade, a twisted and swept blade. In addition, for avoiding turbine blade resonance, improve turbine blade's structural reliability, at domestic and foreign student's turbine blade shroud configuration optimization, a large amount of research works have been developed in the aspects such as turbine blade flange and the damping structural design that stretches the root, turbine blade frequency modulation, have effectively improved turbine blade's structural reliability.
In order to meet the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, the performance of modern gas turbines is continuously improved, the aerodynamic performance of the turbines is required to be continuously improved, and the flow loss of turbine blades is continuously reduced. However, advanced optimization design techniques based on conventional turbine blades have difficulty in further improving turbine aerodynamic performance. In order to meet the requirement of performance improvement, the shape of the turbine blade is more complex, the full three-dimensional characteristic is more obvious, great influence is caused on the structural reliability of the engine, and the problem of turbine blade vibration is particularly caused easily.
Although scholars and researchers at home and abroad have made a lot of researches on the aerodynamic design and unsteady flow of high-performance turbine and have a certain understanding on improving the aerodynamic performance of the turbine and disclosing the unsteady flow in the turbine blade cascade, the researches do not pay attention to how to reduce the unsteady acting force of the blade caused by the wake while improving the aerodynamic performance of the turbine blade, and there are few reports on improving the aerodynamic performance of the turbine and reducing the unsteady acting force caused by the wake by adopting a wicker blade type blade structure. Researchers desire an advanced blade forming method that can improve the performance of the turbine blade and effectively weaken the unsteady acting force of the movable blade caused by the wake.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wicker-shaped guide vane forming method which can effectively reduce the flow loss of a blade profile, improve the aerodynamic performance of a turbine blade, weaken the exciting force caused by wake flow and prolong the service life of a downstream movable blade. Therefore, the problems that the turbine efficiency is difficult to further improve, the exciting force caused by wake flow is difficult to reduce, and the reliability of the downstream movable blade is poor in the prior art are solved.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining traditional turbine guide vane modeling parameters according to turbine aerodynamic parameters, completing guide vane modeling by adopting a traditional turbine guide vane modeling method, and performing full three-dimensional calculation on turbine guide vane blades and movable vane blades obtained by adopting a traditional turbine vane aerodynamic design method by utilizing full three-dimensional numerical simulation software to obtain turbine guide vane molded surface pressure distribution and guide vane outlet total pressure distribution data;
step two, keeping the throat area of the turbine guide vane unchanged, and resetting the molding parameters of the wicker leaf type of 1 less, 2 big and 3 small: the blade number is few, and the chord is big, and the axial chord is big, and leading edge radius is little, the trailing edge radius is little, the maximum thickness is little, specifically does: the number of blades is reduced by 50%, the chord length is increased by 50%, the axial chord length is increased by 20%, the radius of the front edge is reduced by 50%, the radius of the tail edge is reduced by 50%, and the maximum thickness is reduced by 50%;
step three, based on the molding parameters of the wicker leaf given in the step two, adopting a wicker leaf molding method of reducing 1 by 2 and increasing 3 by 3: reducing the number of guide vanes, increasing the chord length of the vanes, increasing the axial chord length of the vanes, reducing the radius of the leading edge, reducing the radius of the trailing edge, reducing the maximum thickness, using a fifth order polynomial
Figure BDA0003667871700000021
Constructing the profile of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the cross section and the top cross section of the guide blade root, wherein: x is the number of p Is the abscissa of the pressure side control point; y is p Is the longitudinal coordinate of the control point at the pressure side; a is a 0 、a 1 、a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 The coefficient is the coefficient of each order of a quintic polynomial function relation of a pressure side control point; x is a radical of a fluorine atom s Is the abscissa of the control point at the suction side; y is s Is the longitudinal coordinate of the control point at the suction side; b 0 、b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、b 4 、b 5 The coefficient of each order is a function relation of a fifth-order polynomial of a control point at the suction side;
step four, constructing a three-dimensional model of the guide vane blade based on the molded lines of the section and the top section of the wicker blade root designed in the step three through the mixed function of three-dimensional modeling software;
step five, based on the blade model obtained in the step four, keeping the sizes of the root part and the top part of an inlet and an outlet of the radial flow passage of the turbine guide vane unchanged, and increasing the axial width of the radial flow passage of the guide vane to be matched with the axial width of the blade profile of the turbine guide vane;
sixthly, performing full three-dimensional calculation on the turbine formed by the guide vane blade three-dimensional model obtained in the fourth step and the movable vane blade obtained in the first step by using full three-dimensional numerical simulation software to obtain turbine guide vane profile pressure distribution and guide vane outlet total pressure distribution data;
step seven: if the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the turbine guide vane obtained in the sixth step meets the characteristics of rear loading and the width data of the guide vane wake meets the preset standard which is reduced by 50% compared with the traditional forming method, obtaining the wicker leaf profile of the turbine guide vane;
and if the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the turbine guide vane obtained in the step six does not accord with the rear loading characteristic and the width data of the wake of the guide vane accords with the preset standard compared with the traditional forming method, the step two to the step six are repeatedly executed until the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the guide vane and the total pressure distribution data of the outlet of the guide vane reach the preset standard.
Further, the stacking axis formed by the centroid of the root section blade profile and the centroid of the top section blade profile is a vertical straight line.
Further, the full three-dimensional numerical simulation software is NUMCA and CFX software.
Further, the three-dimensional modeling software is UG software.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, on the basis of fully considering the traditional design method of the turbine blade of the gas turbine, the slender characteristic of wickers is applied to the forming process of the turbine guide blade, and the blade profile which is similar to the wickers and is slender and uniform in thickness is constructed by reducing the number of the blades, increasing the chord length of the blades and reducing the radius of the front edge and the tail edge of the blades, compared with the blades designed by adopting the traditional method, the lowest pressure point of a suction surface moves backwards by 20%, the rear loading characteristic of the blades is more obvious, the inverse pressure gradient section and the inverse pressure gradient are smaller, the adaptability of the blade profile variation condition is strong, the width of the tail trace of the blades is narrowed by 70%, so that the flow loss of the blade profile is reduced by 1%, and the pneumatic efficiency of the turbine is improved. According to the blade designed by the long and thin wicker blade forming method based on the polynomial, the wake of the blade is narrowed, and the excitation force caused by wake flow is weakened; in addition, compared with the traditional turbine blade profile, the blade designed by the wicker blade forming method has longer chord length and stronger flow control capability, so that the number of the blades is greatly reduced, the number of the wake is reduced, the exciting force caused by wake flow is further weakened, and the stress state of the downstream movable blade is improved. Compared with the traditional turbine blade, the turbine blade designed by the invention can reduce the number of blades by 70 percent, reduce the loss of blade profiles of the blades by 1 percent and reduce the total width of a wake by 70 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vane blade designed by a conventional turbine blade aerodynamic design method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bucket blade designed by a conventional turbine blade aerodynamic design method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a turbine vane stacking position designed by a conventional turbine blade aerodynamic design method;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of turbine vane profiles designed by a conventional turbine blade aerodynamic design method;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a polynomial based wicker leaf profile forming process;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a power turbine wicker blade profile designed using the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a power turbine vane blade designed using the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for forming the wicker leaf profile of the power turbine based on the polynomial comprises the following specific processes:
the invention relates to a power turbine wicker leaf type forming method based on a polynomial, which is based on the existing conventional turbine blade pneumatic design method. After the conventional turbine blade aerodynamic design method, a turbine stage blade (as shown in fig. 1 and 2) without polynomial-based wicker blade type treatment is obtained, including a guide vane blade 1 and a movable vane blade 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the guide vane blade 1 is configured by a root-section blade profile 4 and a tip-section blade profile 5, an stacking axis 8 formed by a centroid 6 of the root-section blade profile 4 and a centroid 7 of the tip-section blade profile 5 is a vertical straight line, and as shown in fig. 4, the root-section blade profile 4 and the tip-section blade profile 5 have a large number of blades, small chord lengths and axial chord lengths, and large leading edge radii, trailing edge radii, and maximum thicknesses.
On the basis, the following steps are needed (see fig. 5):
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out full three-dimensional calculation on a turbine guide vane blade 1 and a movable vane blade 2 (shown in figures 1 and 2) obtained by a turbine blade pneumatic design method by using full three-dimensional numerical simulation software (such as NUMCA, CFX and the like) to obtain turbine guide vane profile pressure distribution and guide vane outlet total pressure distribution data, and taking the data result as a comparison basis of a wicker leaf profile;
step two, keeping the throat area of the turbine guide vane unchanged, and resetting the molding parameters of the wicker leaf type of 1 less, 2 big and 3 small: the blade number is few, and the chord is long up, the axial chord is long up, and leading edge radius is little, the tail edge radius is little, the biggest thickness is little, specifically does: the number of blades is reduced by 50%, the chord length is increased by 50%, the axial chord length is increased by 20%, the radius of the front edge is reduced by 50%, the radius of the tail edge is reduced by 50%, and the maximum thickness is reduced by 50%;
step three, utilizing the molding parameters of the wicker leaf shape given in the step two, and adopting a wicker leaf shape molding method of reducing 1 by 2 and increasing 3 by 3: reducing the number of guide vanes, increasing the chord length of the vanes, increasing the axial chord length of the vanes, reducing the radius of the front edge, reducing the radius of the tail edge, reducing the maximum thickness, using a quintic polynomial
Figure BDA0003667871700000041
Constructing the profile of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the cross section and the top cross section of the guide blade root, wherein: x is a radical of a fluorine atom p Is the abscissa of the pressure side control point; y is p Is the longitudinal coordinate of the control point at the pressure side; a is 0 、a 1 、a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 Five control points for pressure sidePolynomial function relation order coefficients; x is the number of s Is the abscissa of the control point at the suction side; y is s Is the longitudinal coordinate of the control point at the suction side; b 0 、b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、b 4 、b 5 The coefficient of each order is a function relation of a fifth-order polynomial of a control point at the suction side; obtaining a turbine blade wicker leaf profile (see fig. 6);
step four, constructing a three-dimensional model of the guide vane blade by using the molded lines of the blade root section and the top section of the wicker blade type designed in the step three through the mixed function of three-dimensional modeling software (see fig. 7);
step five, based on the blade model obtained in the step four, keeping the sizes of the root part and the top part of an inlet and an outlet of the radial flow passage of the turbine guide vane unchanged, and increasing the axial width of the radial flow passage of the guide vane to be matched with the axial width of the blade profile of the turbine guide vane;
sixthly, performing full three-dimensional calculation on a turbine formed by the guide vane blade three-dimensional model (shown in figure 7) obtained in the fourth step and the movable vane blade 2 obtained in the first step by using full three-dimensional numerical simulation software (such as NUMCAA, CFX and the like) to obtain the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the guide vane of the turbine and the total pressure distribution data of the outlet of the guide vane;
step seven: if the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the turbine guide vane obtained in the sixth step meets the characteristics of rear loading and the width data of the guide vane wake meets the preset standard which is reduced by 50% compared with the traditional forming method, obtaining the wicker leaf profile of the turbine guide vane;
and if the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the turbine guide vane obtained in the step six does not accord with the rear loading characteristic and the width data of the wake of the guide vane accords with the preset standard compared with the traditional forming method, the step two to the step six are repeatedly executed until the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the guide vane and the total pressure distribution data of the outlet of the guide vane reach the preset standard.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the stacking axis 8 formed by the centroid 6 of the root-section blade profile 4 and the centroid 7 of the top-section blade profile 5 is a vertical straight line.
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first to the second embodiments in that the full three-dimensional numerical simulation software is NUMECA software or CFX software.
Other steps and parameters are the same as in one of the first to second embodiments.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that the three-dimensional modeling software is UG software.
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in one of the first to third embodiments.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is intended that all changes and modifications that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims be embraced by the invention.
In summary, the invention relates to a method for forming a guide vane of a power turbine of a gas turbine, which is long and thin like a wicker and adopts a polynomial. The invention aims to provide a wicker-shaped guide vane modeling method which can effectively reduce the flow loss of a blade profile, improve the aerodynamic performance of a turbine blade, weaken the exciting force caused by wake flow and prolong the service life of a downstream movable blade. Therefore, the problems that the efficiency of the turbine is difficult to further improve, the exciting force caused by wake flow is difficult to reduce and the reliability of the movable blade is poor in the existing modeling method are solved. The invention is used for improving the aerodynamic performance of the turbine blades of the combustion drive compressor unit and the ship gas turbine and weakening the exciting force caused by wake flow.

Claims (4)

1. A power turbine wicker leaf profile forming method based on a polynomial is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: performing full three-dimensional calculation on a turbine guide vane blade (1) and a movable vane blade (2) obtained by adopting a traditional turbine vane pneumatic design method by using full three-dimensional numerical simulation software to obtain profile pressure distribution of the turbine guide vane and total pressure distribution data of a guide vane outlet;
step two: keeping the throat area of the turbine guide vane unchanged; and (3) resetting the molding parameters of the wicker leaf profile, specifically comprising the following steps: the number of the blades is reduced by 50%, the chord length is increased by 50%, the axial chord length is increased by 20%, the radius of the front edge is reduced by 50%, the radius of the tail edge is reduced by 50%, and the maximum thickness is reduced by 50%;
step three: based on the wicker leaf profile modeling parameters given in the step two, the wicker leaf profile modeling method in the step two is adopted: reducing the number of guide vanes, increasing the chord length of the vanes, increasing the axial chord length of the vanes, reducing the radius of the leading edge, reducing the radius of the trailing edge, reducing the maximum thickness, using a quintic polynomial
Figure FDA0003667871690000011
Constructing the profile of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the cross section and the top cross section of the guide blade root, wherein: x is a radical of a fluorine atom p Is the abscissa of the pressure side control point; y is p Is the vertical coordinate of the pressure side control point; a is 0 、a 1 、a 2 、a 3 、a 4 、a 5 The coefficient is the coefficient of each order of a quintic polynomial function relation of a pressure side control point; x is the number of s Is the abscissa of the control point at the suction side; y is s Is the longitudinal coordinate of the control point at the suction side; b is a mixture of 0 、b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、b 4 、b 5 Each order coefficient of the function relation of a quintic polynomial of the control point of the suction side;
step four: constructing a guide vane and blade three-dimensional model based on the molded lines of the root section and the top section of the wicker blade profile designed in the step three through the mixed function of three-dimensional modeling software;
step five: keeping the sizes of the inlet and outlet roots and the tops of the radial flow passages of the guide vanes of the turbine unchanged based on the blade model obtained in the step four, and increasing the axial width of the radial flow passages of the guide vanes to be matched with the axial width of the blade profile of the guide vanes of the turbine;
step six: performing full three-dimensional calculation on the turbine formed by the guide vane blade three-dimensional model obtained in the fourth step and the movable vane blade obtained in the first step by using full three-dimensional numerical simulation software to obtain profile pressure distribution of the turbine guide vane and total pressure distribution data of a guide vane outlet;
step seven: if the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the turbine guide vane obtained in the sixth step meets the rear loading characteristic and the width data of the guide vane wake conforms to the preset standard which is reduced by 50 percent compared with the traditional forming method, the wicker leaf profile of the turbine guide vane is obtained;
if the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the turbine guide vane obtained in the step six does not accord with the rear loading characteristic and the width data of the wake of the guide vane accords with the preset standard compared with the traditional forming method, the step two to the step six are repeatedly executed until the pressure distribution of the molded surface of the guide vane and the total pressure distribution data of the outlet of the guide vane reach the preset standard.
2. The method for forming wicker leaf profile of power turbine based on polynomial of claim 1, wherein: and an stacking shaft (8) formed by the mass center (6) of the root section blade profile (4) and the mass center (7) of the top section blade profile (5) is a vertical straight line.
3. The method for forming wicker leaf profile of power turbine based on polynomial of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the full three-dimensional numerical simulation software is NUMECCA software and CFX software.
4. The method for forming wicker leaf profile of power turbine based on polynomial of claim 3, wherein: the three-dimensional modeling software is UG software.
CN202210595209.1A 2022-05-29 2022-05-29 Polynomial-based power turbine wicker leaf profile forming method Pending CN115344954A (en)

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