CN115343225A - Quantum scattered light distribution detector based on multi-axis and multi-mode - Google Patents
Quantum scattered light distribution detector based on multi-axis and multi-mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a quantum scattering light distribution detector based on multi-axis and multi-mode, which comprises the following components: the quantum scattered light multi-axis multi-mode detector based on the thorn ball model is provided for detecting the wave function probability distribution of scattered light under the azimuth angle and the elevation angle in polar coordinates, and supports four-dimensional adjustability of the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of excitation light and scattered light, and multi-mode detection of scattered light and fluorescence modes including a Stokes mode, an anti-Stokes mode, a Brillouin mode and a Rayleigh mode is realized. The invention has the advantages that: excitation light and scattered light off-axis detection are realized, and four-dimensional angle adjustability and scattered light detection based on a spherical polar coordinate are realized; for a detector, the detection and verification of a wave function and probability distribution based on quantum mechanics are realized; the detection sensitivity of scattered light is improved; visually displaying the probability distribution of scattered light by adopting a thorn ball model; calculating a light-emitting angle and a receiving angle when the extreme value is obtained; the microscopic quantum scale is combined with the macroscopic observability of the direction of scattered light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of new-generation information technology and biological industry, in particular to the fields of quantum-based optical instruments and in-vitro diagnosis, and further relates to the fields of quantum mechanics, nuclear electronic instruments and sensors of medical in-vitro detection instruments. Can be used for: 1. the method is used for the universal spectrum detection and analysis of scattered light and fluorescence based on the quantum mechanical layer, and the position points of the optimal wave function or probability distribution are searched; 2. the system is used for innovatively designing a medical IVD (in-vitro diagnosis product of a human body) and performing non-invasive and ultra-micro detection and diagnosis on in-vitro non-invasive blood and tissue fluid of the human body; 3. the method is used for detecting other trace substances such as special food, medicines, drugs and the like.
Background
1. Brief description of background of scattered light
According to the optical basic principle, light waves are electromagnetic waves in nature. A beam of light (usually called excitation light) of an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 380 to 780nm of visible light is irradiated on the surface of an object, and reflected light, refracted light, diffracted light, and scattered light are generated. In macroscopic geometrical optics, the reflected light, the refracted light and the diffracted light are reactions of electromagnetic waves when one propagation medium meets another propagation medium, which conform to the law of reflection, the law of refraction, the fermat law and the malus law of light. The specific rule is that for reflected light, the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle, and the wavelength of light waves is unchanged; for refracted light, the sine function of the angle of refraction and the angle of incidence is inversely proportional to the refractive indices of the two media; diffraction refers to a physical phenomenon in which a light wave travels off an original straight line when it encounters an obstacle. It should be noted that reflected light and refracted light are not within the scope of the present discussion, and only scattered light is discussed.
The scattered light is microscopic and conforms to the principle of quantum mechanics. The basic principle is that charged particles, electrons and protons in a substance oscillate under the action of incident electromagnetic waves (excitation light), and charges accelerated by the electromagnetic waves radiate the electromagnetic waves in all directions, which becomes a scattering process, and the generated electromagnetic waves are called scattered light. The scattered light can be classified into the following types.
(1) Rayleigh scattered light
The british physicist points out sharply that when the diameter of the particles is much smaller than the wavelength of the excitation light, sharply scattered light is generated with a scattered light intensity almost equal to that of the excitation light, and the scattered light has a certain scattering angle. When the particles are in a static state, generating static sharp scattered light with the same wavelength as the exciting light; when the particles are in a dynamic state, dynamic sharp scattered light with the wavelength widened by the Doppler shift effect compared with the incident light is generated; when the diameter of the particle is much larger than the excitation wavelength, a scattered light having a scattered light intensity independent of the excitation wavelength is also generated. The sharply scattered light is elastic scattered light.
(2) Brillouin scattering light
The research of inelastically scattered light related to acoustic phonons and magnetic vibrators by Brillouin scientists in French American scientists indicates that the meta-excitation generated and annihilated in the interaction process of photon and substance emitting scattered light is only acoustic phonons or magnetic vibrators in a low-energy region, the energy range is less than or equal to 0.124meV, and the magnitude of the interaction with photons is 10 -18 ～10 -17 And has coherence.
(3) Raman scattering light
This phenomenon was discovered in a study of scattered light by raman, an indian physicist, and won the 1930 nobel prize for physics. This phenomenon is: the process of generating and annihilating one-element excitation (one-element excitation of phonon, magnetic vibrator, electron and plasmon) by the transition of two-photon between three energy levels (ground state, virtual state and final state) includes the steps of generating and annihilating the element excitation by the interaction of the photon and the substance emitting scattered light and including atoms and molecules of all kinds of element excitation, rotation and vibration. With an energy range of a few to hundreds, on the order of 10 with photons -14 And has non-coherence. Wherein stokes scattered light with the wavelength of the scattered light being larger than that of the excitation light and anti-stokes scattered light with the wavelength of the scattered light being smaller than that of the excitation light are included.
(4) Thomson scattered light
The british physicist thomson found: the electric field of the electromagnetic wave incident by the exciting light makes the free charged particles generate elastic scattering, and the wavelength of the scattered wave is the same as that of the exciting light. Also, the main causes of particle acceleration are from the electric field component of the incident wave, and the effect of the magnetic field can be neglected. The particles will start to move in the direction of the electric field oscillation, thereby generating electromagnetic dipole radiation. The achievement in tomsun made him to win the 1906 nobel physical prize.
(5) Compton scattered light
The american physicist compton found: the incident excitation light photons are scattered by inelastic collisions with extra-nuclear electrons in the material atoms. In collision, the incident photon transfers part of the energy to the electron, so that it is separated from the atom to form recoil electron, and the energy and the moving direction of the scattered photon are changed. Among them, the phenomenon that the wavelength of scattered light is lengthened due to the loss of energy is called compton phenomenon; shortening of the wavelength of scattered light due to photon gain energy is known as the inverse compton phenomenon. These achievements of compton led him to win the probel physical prize of 1927.
(6) Fluorescence of
When excitation light is irradiated to specific atoms, electrons around the atomic nucleus are transited from the original orbitals to higher-energy orbitals by the energy of the light, that is, from the ground state to higher-order excited singlet states, which are unstable and return to the ground state, and the energy is released as photons, thereby generating fluorescence. In most cases, the fluorescence light has a longer wavelength and lower energy than the excitation light. However, when the absorption intensity is large, a two-photon absorption phenomenon may occur, resulting in a case where the radiation wavelength is shorter than the absorption wavelength. When the wavelength of the radiation is equal to the absorption wavelength, the fluorescence is resonance fluorescence. The common example is that substances absorb ultraviolet light and emit visible-band fluorescent light, and the principle is that fluorescent lamps in our lives use the fluorescent light.
In particular, in the present application, in consideration of the fact that both fluorescence and scattered light have a common basis based on quantum mechanics, we include fluorescence in the category of scattered light as the same category for the convenience of description.
2. Brief description of the existing scattered light detector
Scattered light detectors are still a preliminary stage of development compared with other detectors in the field of measurement. Although the research reports of some special self-research equipment are occasionally reported in some scientific journals for the requirement of scientific research in recent years, such as experimental equipment for femtosecond laser detection, high-precision raman spectrum acquisition equipment, array laser imaging equipment and the like. As a device to be produced, the following are some kinds of devices searched by the inventors, and the following are introduced.
(1) Coaxial scattered light detector complete machine
By coaxial, it is meant that the emission of excitation light and the reception of scattered light take the same optical axis at the detection point. This is the conventional means based on scattered light detection that is currently available. For example, most of the existing raman detectors, fluorescence detectors, and even active spectrum detectors have a coaxial structure.
(2) Coaxial spectrum probe
In order to reduce the cost and emphasize the universality, even manufacturers design the emitting of the excitation light and the receiving of the scattered light into a product called a spectrum detection head, and the structure principle is still a coaxial structure of the excitation light and the receiving light.
(3) In vitro diagnostic product
Typical products for in vitro diagnostics based on a coaxial architecture: there is IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic products, abbreviated as IVD, chinese) and because medical detection is performed In Vitro by using human body, it is different from operation and blood drawing test detection, especially non-invasive IVD, and detection can be completed without skin breaking, so it is more and more popular and regarded by medical institutions and detected objects. However, since non-invasive IVD is to detect the inside of the human body (such as blood, tissue fluid, subcutaneous tissue, etc.) through the skin of the human body, the innovation of the theoretical model and the difficulty of technical implementation are both extremely difficult. Taking the nmr technology as an example, a nmr imaging system inherently includes 17 persons to obtain the nobel prize 12 times, and the raman spectroscopy technology is also the result of obtaining the nobel prize.
(4) Trace substance detecting product
Trace substance detection product based on coaxial structure: for example, in the case of some ultra-fine substances containing specific protons capable of forming nuclear magnetic resonance, whether the substance is a pure atomic solution or a mixture of substances with molecular structures, the detection is difficult in the case of very small contents, such as trace substances in food, trace substances in medicine, highly toxic substances, and drugs, and the need for such detection also exists.
(5) Raman spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy technology based on a coaxial structure: the most central theory of Raman spectroscopy is the Raman effect Raman (english name: raman scattering, chinese abbreviation: raman scattering or Raman effect. Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, 1888-1970, indian physicist), which was discovered in 1928 and received the nobel physical prize in 1930. The core principle of the raman effect is also a quantum phenomenon, in which when a photon of excitation light of a specific wavelength collides with an extra-nuclear electron of an atomic nucleus, the electron absorbs the energy of the photon, and a scattered light photon is generated according to the energy conservation principle. Most of the photons are elastically collided, and the wavelength of the ejected photons is consistent with that of the exciting light, so that the photons are called Rayleigh scattering (English name: rayleigh scattering, chinese name: rayleigh scattering); in addition, a small part of the scattered light undergoes inelastic collision, and the scattered light has a wavelength different from that of the excitation light because energy level transition of electrons absorbs or releases part of the energy, which is called raman scattered light. The Raman scattering light is divided into a Brillouin scattering light called as a Brillouin scattering light, a Stokes scattering light called as a Stokes scattering light with the scattering light wavelength being obviously larger than the excitation light wavelength (more than 10/cm < -1 >), and an Anti-Stokes scattering light called as an Anti-Stokes scattering light (English name: anti-Stokes scattering, chinese name: anti-Stokes scattering) with the scattering light wavelength being obviously smaller than the excitation light wavelength according to the difference of the wavelengths, and a spectrum formed by the Brillouin scattering, the Stokes scattering and the Anti-Stokes scattering is a Raman spectrum.
Based on the molecular bond and atomic structure of a specific molecule, a fixed raman spectrum can be generated, which is also called as a fingerprint spectrum of the specific molecule, and the content of the specific molecule in a detected object can be further calculated through the fingerprint spectrum.
3. The disadvantages of the prior art
In the prior art, because a coaxial structure is adopted, off-axis detection of excitation light and scattered light cannot be supported, only scattered light which has the same optical axis as the excitation light and is opposite to the direction of the excitation light can be detected, and scattered light at other angles cannot be detected, so that a position point of an optimal wave function or probability distribution and direction cannot be searched, the possible optimal detection point is lost, and the optimal detection sensitivity is lost.
4. Objects, intentions and contributions of the invention
Based on the analysis of the above background art and the defects of the prior art, the inventor innovates the invention patent application, namely a multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector, and the main purposes of the invention comprise:
(1) According to the quantum mechanics principle, an optimal receiving probability position exists between scattered light and exciting light, and the position accords with the quantum wave function law. Although the size of the thorny ball is based on the microscopic atomic scale, the direction of the scattered light in polar coordinate space is still macroscopically directional, i.e. has an optimal acceptance angle. That is, it is necessary to invent a detector with adjustable off-axis included angle between the excitation light and the scattered light.
(2) And for different detection objects, the included angle between the excitation light and the scattered light needs to be respectively adjustable. The invention thus provides a mechanism which supports the respective adjustability of the axes of rotation from one to four dimensions.
(3) The present invention supports conversion of these multiple modes, because scattered light includes scattering modes such as stokes, anti-stokes, and brillouin, and also includes rayleigh mode, fluorescence mode, and the like.
The main intents and contributions of the present invention include:
(1) The thoracans ball model is provided for visually displaying scattering light wave functions and probability distribution in a quantum state, and the design of detection of scattering light, fluorescence and the like with adjustable multi-mode and multi-axis is provided;
(2) Providing a working method for off-axis detection of excitation light and scattered light;
(3) The graphical model of the quantum thorny ball is provided, and the probability distribution and the wave function of quantum scattered light are graphically represented in a more intuitive and clear mode by scanning all azimuth angles and elevation angles of received light.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Core idea of the invention
Off-axis adjustable mode
According to the defects of the prior art, a novel scattered light detector is designed, the coaxial mode of the existing exciting light and the collected scattered light is changed into the off-axis mode, the off-axis included angle is adjustable, and the position of the strongest scattered light is found by adjusting the off-axis included angle.
Theoretical basis
According to the principle of scattered light generation, in the microscopic aspect, all the scattered light generation accords with the principle of quantum mechanics, is generated by the interaction of excitation light photons and extra-nuclear electrons of substance atoms, and accords with the energy wave function rule of quantum mechanics. The method comprises the steps of establishing a spherical polar coordinate by taking a detection point irradiated by excitation light as a sphere center and taking incident of received light as a reference, presenting probability distribution and angle distribution on scattered light on the sphere according to the rule of an energy wave function, finding a high-probability area by detecting the probability distribution and the angle distribution, finding a so-called 'highlight point', and further detecting a scattered light probability distribution map.
Calculation of energy wave function
The calculation formula of the energy wave function includes but is not limited to:
formula 1.1 is a rectangular three-dimensional coordinate pull-down plateau operator, formula 1.2 is a calculation formula for approximating the planckian constant, formula 1.3 is a schrodinger equation in a rectangular three-dimensional coordinate, formula 1.4 is a spherical polar coordinate pull-down plateau operator, formula 1.5 is a spherical polar coordinate pull-down plateau equation, formula 1.6 is a hamiltonian, formula 1.7 is a schrodinger equation in a spherical polar coordinate, formula 1.8 is a wave function calculation formula for particles, formula 1.9 is a calculation formula for the probability density of particles, formula 1.10 is a total probability function for n quantum numbers, formula 1.11 is a calculation formula for an optimal probability interval,
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
is the wave function of the particle and,
is the probability density of the particle or particles,
、
is a complex constant which is a function of the time,
is the time of any one time, and the time of any one time,
is the frequency of the oscillation of the oscillator,
is the direction of the angle of the azimuth,
is the angle of elevation,
is the radius of the light beam emitted by the light source,
is the dirac impulse function, n is the quantum number,
is the probability density of the nth particle,
is an overall probability function of the number of n particles,
is the optimal probability interval, s is between
A threshold value within the size interval.
Preferably, the angle between the quantum state and the magneto-optical in the nmr is a step of releasing photons by electrons which transit from a low energy level to a high energy level and then fall back from the high energy level to the original low energy level when excited by excitation light, and taking the probability distribution of the released photons as the probability distribution of the raman spectrum signal.
Preferably, the probability distribution of the raman spectrum signal is calculated according to the quantum state and magneto-optical angle of all specific protons in the probe in nuclear magnetic resonance.
Preferably, the maximum probability position in the probability distribution of the raman spectrum signal is obtained, and the position is used as a receiving position of the raman scattered light, and the raman scattered light is received to obtain an optimum nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum.
Preferably, the quantum states include spins of atomic nuclei, spins of specific protons, electron energy levels, electron cloud probabilities, electron energy level transitions.
In practical design, the formula in the present invention is only one of the expressions, and in different academic genres, different formula listing manners may be included in the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be able to design them by referring to the well-known common materials.
2. Implementation steps of the invention
The purpose, intention and contribution of the invention are realized by adopting the working steps of the following technical scheme.
2.1 base structure
The invention, as a multi-axis multimode-based quantum scattered light distribution detector, comprises the following basic structure and working steps:
the quantum scattering light distribution detector based on the multi-axis and multi-mode is formed by a control module, a light emitting module, a receiving module, a light emitting axis control module, a receiving axis control module and a support. Wherein:
based on the setting, the position of the bracket comprises but is not limited to a detection surface, the detection object is arranged on the outer side of the detection surface, the detection surface comprises but is not limited to a detection point and a central point, a line passing through the central point and perpendicular to the detection surface is a normal line, the included angle between the exciting light and the normal line is an emitting angle, and the included angle between the received light and the normal line is a receiving angle.
The setting here is a manual definition for the convenience of description in the present invention, and those skilled in the art may have other definitions. It is to be emphasized that:
(1) The center point generally refers to the geometric center point of the detection surface, the detection point refers to the point irradiated by the excitation light spot, and the detection point and the center point can be in the same position.
(2) In general, the spot diameter of the probe spot is at least on the order of microns and much larger than the size of the quantum scale. Meanwhile, because the optical system shows the Gaussian optical phenomenon in the paraxial region, the generation point of the scattered light and the detection point irradiated by the excitation light can be approximate to the same position in the invention. For fluorescence, since the intensity is much greater than that of scattered light and excitation light, the position of the fluorescence generation spot here is also similar to the same position of the excitation light detection spot.
(3) The normal line here is defined uniformly as a perpendicular line passing through the center point, regardless of whether the detection plane is a plane viewed in millimeter size or a curved plane viewed in micrometer size.
The control module executes the control command, is connected with and controls the light-emitting module to execute the irradiation step, and is connected with and controls the receiving shaft control module to execute the receiving step.
The irradiating step includes, but is not limited to: the light emitting module is arranged on the light emitting axial control module constrained by the light emitting angle to generate narrow-band exciting light to irradiate the detection point of the detected object.
The receiving step includes, but is not limited to: the receiving module is arranged on the receiving shaft control module constrained by the receiving angle and used for receiving the received light from the detecting point, and the control module controls the receiving shaft control module to change the receiving angle according to the receiving scanning information included in the control instruction but not limited to the receiving scanning information, so as to obtain the detection result.
The irradiating step also includes, but is not limited to: the control module is also connected with and controls the light-emitting axis control module to change the light-emitting angle according to the light-emitting scanning information included in the control instruction but not limited to the control instruction.
In addition, the light-emitting angle is divided into a light-emitting azimuth angle and a light-emitting elevation angle by taking the detection point as a reference according to the spherical polar coordinates, and the light-emitting axis control module can also be correspondingly divided into a light-emitting azimuth axis control module and a light-emitting elevation angle axis control module. The receiving angle is divided into a receiving azimuth angle and a receiving elevation angle by taking the detecting point as a reference according to the spherical polar coordinates, and the receiving axis control module can also be correspondingly divided into a receiving azimuth axis control module and a receiving elevation axis control module.
The detection result includes the intensity of scattered light, the spectrum, the intensity of a characteristic peak, and the like, and in the present invention, a probability calculation result for the detection result and a probability distribution calculation result according to a spherical polar coordinate are provided.
2.2 light-emitting module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
the light-emitting module comprises but is not limited to a light emitter and a light emitter interface, the control module is connected with the light emitter interface and used for controlling the light emitter to directly generate collimated light beams of narrow-band exciting light to irradiate the position of the detection point.
The control module is connected with the illuminator interface and controls the illuminator to generate exciting light with the central wavelength between the wavelengths of the narrow-band exciting light, the exciting light is transmitted through the optical fiber I, and then is collimated through the mirror group I, filtered through the narrow-band filter and collimated through the mirror group II to form a collimated light beam of the narrow-band exciting light, and the collimated light beam irradiates the position of the detection point.
The control module controls the work of the illuminator according to the control instruction, including but not limited to turning on the light, stopping the light, adjusting the light power and adjusting the light frequency.
The light emitting module includes, but is not limited to, more than one light emitter, and the more than one light emitter includes, but is not limited to, excitation lights with different wavelengths.
The wavelength range of the exciting light comprises but is not limited to visible light, infrared light and ultraviolet light, the power of the exciting light comprises but is not limited to 0.1mW to 10W, the wavelength of the exciting light emitted by more than one light emitter is within the range of 0.01 percent to 5 percent of the wavelength difference, the diameter of the core of the first optical fiber is more than 10 mu m, and the core material comprises but is not limited to quartz and plastic.
The light emitter interface includes, but is not limited to, fiber optic interface, the standards of which include, but are not limited to, SMA905, FC.
The bandwidth of the excitation light of a single wavelength is greater than the bandwidth of the clear light of the narrow-band filter.
The first lens group and the second lens group comprise more than one lens and reflecting mirror.
When the detector is used for detecting scattered light and fluorescent light, the intensity of the fluorescent light is far greater than that of the scattered light, and the difference can be more than ten orders of magnitude, so that preferably, the following two aspects need to be noticed:
(1) The power of the light emitter is much less for detecting fluorescence than for detecting scattered light, for example, 1-100 mW for detecting fluorescence and 50-10000 mW for detecting scattered light.
(2) In terms of the length of the light emitting time of the light emitter, the light emitting time of the light emitter is much shorter than that of the light emitting time of the light emitter when the light emitter is used for detecting fluorescence, for example, the light emitting time of the light emitter can be 1-1000 mS when the light emitter is used for detecting fluorescence, and the light emitting time of the light emitter can be 1-1000S when the light emitter is used for detecting scattered light.
Preferably and further, when the detector is used for detecting Raman spectra (Stokes scattered light, anti-Stokes scattered light, brillouin scattered light and the like), the detector can be designed into an excitation light differential mode. At the moment, two paths of light emitters with similar light emitting wavelengths, such as 785.0nm and 785.1nm, are adopted, the two paths of light spectrums are sequentially collected, and then difference calculation is carried out to obtain the light spectrum after difference, so that interference of fluorescence, for example, can be eliminated.
2.3 receiving module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
the receiving module includes, but is not limited to, a third lens set, a second filter lens, a fourth lens set, and a second optical fiber.
The receiving step further includes, but is not limited to: the receiving module is arranged on the light path, one end of the receiving module is aligned with the detection point, the receiving light emitted from the detection point is collected by the third lens group to form collimated light, then the collimated light is filtered by the second filtering optical lens, and then the collimated light is converged by the fourth lens group and sent to one end of the second optical fiber.
The receiving step further includes, but is not limited to, outputting the detection result at another end of the second optical fiber, and specifically includes, but is not limited to:
stokes scattered light, the second filter including but not limited to a Stokes filter passing a low pass filter having a wavelength greater than that of the narrow band excitation light, prevents the scattered light having a wavelength equal to or less than that of the narrow band excitation light from passing through, and releases the Stokes scattered light having a wavelength greater than that of the narrow band excitation light.
And the Brillouin scattering light, wherein the second filter comprises but is not limited to a Brillouin filter of a two-channel band-pass filter, the first channel in the two channels releases the passage of the Brillouin scattering light with the wavelength larger than the narrow-band excitation light and smaller than the maximum Brillouin scattering light wavelength, the second channel releases the passage of the Brillouin scattering light with the wavelength smaller than the narrow-band excitation light and larger than the maximum Brillouin scattering light wavelength, and the passage of the light with the wavelength of the narrow-band excitation light and the light with other wavelengths is prevented.
And the second filter comprises but is not limited to an anti-Stokes filter which passes through a high-pass filter with the wavelength less than that of the narrow-band excitation light, prevents the scattered light with the wavelength more than or equal to that of the narrow-band excitation light from passing through, and releases the anti-Stokes scattered light with the wavelength less than that of the narrow-band excitation light.
The rayleigh scattering light filter includes, but is not limited to, a band-pass filter rayleigh filter for filtering light in the wavelength range of rayleigh scattering light generated by the probe under excitation of the excitation light to prevent light outside the rayleigh scattering light band from passing and to pass light in the rayleigh scattering light band.
Fluorescence, the filter includes but is not limited to a fluorescence filter that is a band-pass filter for detecting the wavelength range of fluorescence generated by the object under excitation of the excitation light, so as to prevent light outside the fluorescence band from passing through and allow light in the fluorescence band to pass through.
And in the detection result switching mode, the Stokes filter, the Brillouin filter, the anti-Stokes filter, the Rayleigh filter and the fluorescence filter are arranged on long strips or discs at different positions and are switched to the light path between the third lens group and the fourth lens group in a manual or electric mode so as to finish the output of different detection results.
The detection result, including but not limited to, by adjusting the acceptance angle, is such that the detection result obtains a maximum value in the total light intensity.
The detection results, including but not limited to, by adjusting the acceptance angle such that the detection results have more than one series of local maxima in the total light intensity, and calculating the spherical probability distribution.
The core diameter of the second optical fiber is larger than 10 μm, and the core material includes but is not limited to quartz and plastic.
The preferred choice that needs to be noted here is that there is a difference in design between the second filter in the receiving module and the narrow-band filter in the light-emitting module, specifically:
(1) The release wavelength of the second filter must avoid the release wavelength of the narrow-band filter, and the two must not coincide;
(2) For the detection of Raman scattering light (such as Stokes scattering light, anti-Stokes scattering light, brillouin scattering light, etc.), the OD value of the second filter (English: optical density, chinese: optical density, which means the optical density absorbed by the detected object) should be as high as possible, at least OD is selected to be more than or equal to 4, and OD is preferably selected to be more than or equal to 6.
In addition, the multi-mode filter lens is switched to support a flexible receiving mode, so that the multi-mode filter lens is favorable for being released as a product of the multifunctional detector.
2.4 control Module
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementation combinations:
control modules including, but not limited to, a CPU, memory, interface circuitry, communication circuitry, output drivers, and power circuitry.
The CPU and the memory store and execute control instructions, the interface circuit is connected with an external communication circuit or is connected with external communication equipment in a wireless mode, the light-emitting axis control module and the receiving axis control module, the output driver is used for being connected with the light emitter, and the power circuit provides power for the multi-axis multi-mode-based quantum scattered light distribution detector.
The specification types of the communication interface include but are not limited to a USB interface, a WIFI interface and a Bluetooth interface.
The control instructions also include, but are not limited to, a communication protocol with an external communication circuit.
Preferably, if the present invention is used as a simplified design scheme without including the photoelectric conversion module, the control module may be a single chip or a SoC small system with a CPU system, such as an MCU, to reduce cost, volume and power consumption. If the invention is designed to comprise a photoelectric conversion module or a spectrometer, a PC (personal computer) is suggested to be directly adopted, for example, a system of a computer mainboard of an industrial personal computer is directly adopted due to large subsequent calculation amount.
2.5 controlling the acceptance angle
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
based on the setting, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and a spherical polar coordinate system are established by taking the central point as an original point, the detection plane as an XY plane, the normal line as a Z axis, the horizontal direction axis as an X axis, the vertical direction axis as a Y axis, the projection angle of the receiving angle to the Z axis as a receiving azimuth angle and the projection angle of the receiving angle to the X axis as a receiving elevation angle.
The acceptance angle includes, but is not limited to, a one-dimensional acceptance angle or a two-dimensional acceptance angle.
The one-dimensional receiving angle is an included angle between the received light and the normal line, and the receiving axis control module at the moment is a one-dimensional receiving axis control module.
The two-dimensional receiving angle comprises a receiving elevation angle and a receiving azimuth angle for receiving light, and the receiving axis control module at the moment comprises an elevation angle receiving axis control module and an azimuth angle receiving axis control module.
The received scanning information includes, but is not limited to, the value of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the one-dimensional receiving axis control module so that the one-dimensional receiving angle reaches the value of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the elevation angle receiving axis control module so that the elevation angle receiving axis control module reaches the value of the receiving elevation angle to be set, and the control module controls the rotation of the azimuth angle receiving axis so that the receiving azimuth angle reaches the value of the receiving azimuth angle to be set.
The control module controls the elevation angle receiving axis control module to scan in the elevation angle range to be set and controls the azimuth angle receiving axis control module to scan in the azimuth angle range to be set.
It is emphasized that the acceptance angle control of the present invention includes the following specific structural aspects.
(1) And fixing the receiving angle. The optimum acceptance angle is generally known for a particular application product, and the preferred design of the known fixed acceptance angle is used for this application product. Further, the receiving angle should be considered in combination with the emitting angle, that is, the angle between the exciting light and the receiving light is directly designed as a fixed angle.
(2) One-dimensional variable acceptance angle. The one-dimensional receiving shaft control module comprises a circular guide rail, and the receiving end of the receiving module faces the detection point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the receiving angle. It should be noted that, no matter how the receiving angle is rotated, the receiving end of the receiving module always faces the detecting point, and receives the scattered light or the fluorescence from the detecting point. In addition, since the acceptance angle is adjustable in one dimension, the mounting of the circular guide on the support is fixed, i.e. the angle between the plane of the circular guide and the detection surface is fixed, e.g. vertically fixed.
(3) Two-dimensionally variable acceptance angle. The two-dimensional receiving axis control module comprises an annular guide rail which can rotate around a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is formed by intersecting a detection surface and a guide rail plane. The receiving end of the receiving module faces the detecting point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the receiving azimuth angle, and meanwhile, the guide rail plane rotates along the rotating shaft to change the receiving elevation angle. It should be noted that, no matter how the receiving angle is rotated, the receiving end of the receiving module always faces the detecting point, and receives the scattered light or the fluorescence from the detecting point.
2.6 controlling the luminous angle
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementation combinations:
based on the setting, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and a spherical polar coordinate system are established by taking the central point as an origin, the detection surface as an XY plane, the normal as a Z axis, the horizontal direction axis as an X axis, the vertical direction axis as a Y axis, the projection angle of the light-emitting angle to the Z axis as a light-emitting azimuth angle and the projection angle of the receiving angle to the X axis as a light-emitting elevation angle.
The light emission angle includes, but is not limited to, a fixed light emission angle or a one-dimensional light emission angle or a two-dimensional light emission angle.
The fixed light-emitting angle is that the light-emitting module is arranged on the light-emitting axial control module of which the included angle between the exciting light and the normal line is a fixed value.
The one-dimensional light-emitting angle is an included angle between the exciting light and the normal line, and the light-emitting axial control module at the moment is a one-dimensional light-emitting axial control module.
The two-dimensional light-emitting angle comprises a light-emitting elevation angle of exciting light and a light-emitting azimuth angle of the exciting light, and the light-emitting axial control module at the moment comprises an elevation light-emitting axial control module and an azimuth light-emitting axial control module.
The lighting scanning information includes but is not limited to the value of the one-dimensional lighting angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the one-dimensional lighting axis control module so that the one-dimensional lighting angle reaches the value of the one-dimensional lighting angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the elevation lighting axis control module so that the lighting elevation reaches the value of the lighting elevation to be set, and controls the rotation of the azimuth lighting axis control module so that the lighting azimuth reaches the value of the lighting azimuth to be set.
The light-emitting scanning information includes, but is not limited to, a range of one-dimensional light-emitting angles to be set, and the control module controls the one-dimensional light-emitting axis control module to scan in the range of one-dimensional light-emitting angles to be set. The light-emitting scanning information includes, but is not limited to, an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of the two-dimensional light-emitting angle to be set, and the control module controls the elevation angle light-emitting axis control module to scan in the elevation angle range to be set and controls the azimuth angle light-emitting axis control module to scan in the azimuth angle range to be set.
It is emphasized that the light emission angle control of the present invention includes the following specific structural schemes.
(1) And fixing the light-emitting angle. The optimum luminous angle is generally known as a product for a particular application, and the preferred design for a fixed luminous angle is known for use with the present invention. Further, the light emitting angle should be considered in combination with the receiving angle, that is, the included angle between the excitation light and the receiving light is directly designed as a fixed angle. In addition, as an preference, the light emission angle may be designed to be a normal position, i.e. the excitation light is directed from the normal to the central point, when the detection point coincides with the central point.
(2) And one-dimensional variable light-emitting angle. The one-dimensional light-emitting axial control module comprises a circular guide rail, and the light-emitting end of the light-emitting module is opposite to the detection point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the light-emitting angle. It should be noted that no matter how the light-emitting angle rotates, the light-emitting end of the light-emitting module always faces the detection point to emit the excitation light. In addition, since the light angle is adjustable in one dimension, the mounting of the circular guide on the support is fixed, i.e. the angle between the plane of the circular guide and the detection plane is fixed, e.g. vertically fixed.
(3) Two-dimensional variable light-emitting angle. The two-dimensional light-emitting axis control module comprises an annular guide rail which can rotate around a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is formed by intersecting a detection surface and a guide rail plane. The emitting end of the light emitting module faces the detecting point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the light emitting azimuth angle, and meanwhile, the guide rail plane rotates along the rotating shaft to change the light emitting elevation angle. It should be noted that no matter how the light-emitting angle rotates, the light-emitting end of the light-emitting module always faces the detection point to emit the excitation light.
2.7 axle control module
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementation combinations:
the axis control module comprises a one-dimensional receiving axis control module and a one-dimensional light-emitting axis control module, and the elevation angle receiving axis control module, the azimuth angle receiving axis control module, the elevation angle light-emitting axis control module and the azimuth angle light-emitting axis control module. And further or preferred combinations thereof.
The axle control module includes but is not limited to a motor, a driving circuit, a limiter, and a damper,
the driving circuit is connected with the control module on the upper side, receives the control of the control module, is connected with the motor and the limiter on the lower side, drives the motor to work, and feeds back a limiting signal of the limiter.
The limiter senses the maximum value and the minimum value of the motion angle of the shaft control module as limiting signals and transmits the limiting signals to the driving circuit.
The damper prevents the shaft control module from vibrating during movement.
The motor includes but is not limited to a stepping motor, an ultrasonic motor, a direct current motor, a linear motor and a gear set.
It should be emphasized that the axis control module is designed with coordinates according to a spherical polar coordinate system, taking the detecting point as the center of sphere and the azimuth angle degree and the elevation angle degree as the polar coordinate, wherein the radius of the polar coordinate is calculated by the radius of the light-emitting axis guide rail ring or the radius of the receiving axis guide rail ring, respectively.
Preferably, the drive circuit and the control command are further designed according to the design of motor selection, gear set design, structural design and polar coordinate design, so that the command set for the control of the axis control module in the control command supports direct setting of azimuth angle and elevation angle.
Preferably, the adjustment accuracy of the shaft control module is set within 2 degrees by adopting an angle system or a radian system according to the detection requirement and according to the stepping motor and the reduction gear.
2.8 photoelectric conversion module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes, but is not limited to, a photoelectric conversion module and a spectrometer module implemented by one or more combinations of the following, and specifically includes the following preferably or further:
the photoelectric conversion module comprises an optical interface and an electrical interface, wherein the optical interface is connected with the other end of the second optical fiber to receive the detection result, and the electrical interface outputs an electrical signal.
The spectrometer module comprises an optical interface, a slit, a collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a linear photoelectric converter, a control circuit, an input interface and an output interface, wherein the linear photoelectric converter is formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric converters according to a line, and an optical signal of the optical interface is converted into a two-dimensional spectral signal comprising optical wavelength and optical intensity according to a spectrum after light splitting and is output from the output interface.
The spectrometer module comprises an optical interface, a slit, a collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a planar photoelectric converter, a control circuit, an input interface and an output interface, wherein the planar photoelectric converter is formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric converters according to a matrix, and an optical signal of the optical interface is converted into a three-dimensional spectral signal comprising optical wavelength, optical intensity and position according to a spectrum after light splitting and is output from the output interface.
And an integral spectrum conversion step of performing time integral operation on the light intensity on the dimension of the light wavelength according to the time sequence on the optical signal of the optical interface, converting the optical signal into a spectrum signal comprising two-dimensional integral and a spectrum signal comprising three-dimensional integral, and outputting the spectrum signal from the electrical interface.
And a time sequence spectrum conversion step of converting the optical signal of the optical interface into a spectrum signal including two-dimensional integration or a spectrum signal including three-dimensional integration according to a time sequence and outputting the spectrum signal from the electrical interface.
It should be emphasized that the optical-to-electrical conversion module is a simple and preferable solution, and directly outputs an electrical signal of an optical signal. The scheme has the outstanding characteristics of simple structure and low cost.
Preferably, an optional piece such as a photoelectric conversion module is not needed, the other end of the second optical fiber directly outputs optical signals, and other standardized spectrometers can be flexibly configured subsequently.
Preferably, a spectrometer module or a complete machine is adopted, and a spectrometer output interface outputs a spectrum signal.
2.9 image display step
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementations in combination, specifically:
the control module is connected with a display subsystem, and the control instruction further comprises but is not limited to an image display step displayed on the display subsystem, and specifically comprises but is not limited to one or a combination of the following steps.
The first step is shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light emitting angle to include but not limited to 0 degree, setting the range of one-dimensional receiving angle, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angle, and drawing a linear intensity diagram according to the intensity of the obtained one-dimensional electric signal.
The two steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at the central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of a two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to the elevation angle range and the azimuth angle range from small to large, and drawing a spherical intensity diagram according to the intensity of the obtained one-dimensional electric signals.
The three steps are shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light emitting angle to include but not limited to 0 degree, setting the range of one-dimensional receiving angle, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angle, and drawing a spectrum diagram by using the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional spectrum signal.
The four steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of a two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to a corresponding range from small to large, drawing a spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram or a planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram according to the light wavelength and the light intensity of an obtained two-dimensional spectrum signal.
The five steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an integration time, setting a range of one-dimensional receiving angles, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angles, and drawing an integrated spectrum diagram by using the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional integrated spectrum signal.
The six steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an integration time, setting an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of a two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to a corresponding range from small to large, drawing an integrated spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram or an integrated planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram according to the light wavelength and the light intensity of an obtained two-dimensional integrated spectrum signal.
The seven steps are shown in the figure:
and circularly executing the steps of the first graph, the second graph, the third graph or the fourth graph, and displaying the steps in real time.
The thorn ball model comprises a spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram, a thorn-shaped spectrum diagram, an integral spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram and an integral plane thorn-shaped spectrum diagram.
It should be noted here that the image display method can be various, and we can use both gray-scale image and color image to display. Only the correspondence between the gray scale and the color and the physical quantity needs to be defined in advance to further enhance the effect of the illustration.
The definition of the physical quantity at least includes the following description of formula 2.9.1 for the spectral wave function and the probability distribution function, and the array description of formula 2.9.2, specifically:
In the illustration of the thorn ball, the intensity of light is replaced by the length of the thorn, and the wavelength of light is replaced by the color of the thorn, so that the illustration can be intuitively carried out.
It should be noted that the column writing manners of the formula 2.9.1 and the formula 2.9.2 are only one way of describing the present invention, and those skilled in the art should be able to derive other calculation formulas based on this idea and the related basic knowledge in the industry, and so on.
2.10 extreme and calculation
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes, but is not limited to, the following extremum calculation, specifically:
and extreme value calculation, including in the scanning of the light-emitting angle and the receiving angle, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the detection result. It should be noted that the light emission angle at this time includes, but is not limited to, a fixed light emission angle, a one-dimensional light emission angle, and a two-dimensional light emission angle, and in the two-dimensional light emission angle, a light emission azimuth angle and a light emission elevation angle are also included. The reception angle at this time includes, but is not limited to, a fixed reception angle, a one-dimensional reception angle, or a two-dimensional reception angle, and in the two-dimensional reception angle, a reception azimuth angle and a reception elevation angle.
The detection result comprises the maximum value and the minimum value in the three-dimensional spectrum signals of the light wavelength, the light intensity and the position.
It should be noted that although the present invention is exemplified by only one measurement on one side of the detection surface, only the detection area of a hemisphere, in fact, the same method and steps are also met on the other hemisphere of the detection surface. That is, the present invention is actually a whole sphere supporting the detection surface.
On the whole sphere detection, the following method is adopted:
(1) The hemisphere synthesis method is characterized in that for some detected objects, based on the symmetry principle of quantum mechanics, a detected hemisphere is called as a northern hemisphere, a southern hemisphere is calculated by taking a detection surface as a reference and adopting a mirror symmetry principle, and a complete global is synthesized;
(2) The method for rotating the detection surface continuously detects the southern hemisphere by rotating the detection surface by 180 degrees, so that data of all spheres are detected.
And calculating the extreme value of the whole globe according to the data of all the globes.
2.11, accessories
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
the detection surface includes, but is not limited to, a detection window mounted on the support, the detection window includes, but is not limited to, optical glass, a transparent material seal, a material-free open window.
In practical applications, the detection window is usually made of transparent material, which is beneficial to protect the light emitter and the receiving lens group. The introduction of transparent materials only optically increases the computational difficulty for the focusing of the probe spot, which the skilled person needs to take into account.
The material-free open window is useful for detecting some special substances. And may be selected as appropriate by those skilled in the art.
2.12 beneficial effects of the invention
(1) The off-axis detection of the excitation light and the scattered light is realized, the four-dimensional angle adjustment based on the spherical polar coordinate is realized, and the detection of the scattered light is realized under the condition of the four-dimensional angle adjustment.
(2) And for the detected object, the detection and verification of the wave function and probability distribution based on quantum mechanics are realized.
(3) And the detection sensitivity of scattered light is improved.
(4) And visually displaying the probability distribution of the scattered light by adopting a thorn ball mode.
Drawings
The list of drawings and detailed description are as follows.
FIG. 1: thorn pattern
101 is a quantum scattering probability distribution sphere. Reference numeral 102 denotes a normal line, an irradiation optical path of the received light, and an emission optical path of the scattered light, 103 denotes a three-dimensional probability distribution of the ring-shaped scattered light, and 104 denotes a three-dimensional probability distribution of the single-peak scattered light. In the figure, each scattered light distribution has an azimuth and an elevation, where the height of the peak represents the scattered light signal intensity.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: detector main body structure diagram
FIG. 3: angle diagram of exciting light and received scattered light
X, Y and Z are rectangular three-dimensional coordinate systems, and O is an origin and is also the origin of the spherical polar coordinates. EL is the excitation light, SL and 303 are the scattered light, qns is the high probability region of scattered light, also the extremum region of the wave function, φ and 301 are the azimuth angle of the excitation light, θ and 302 are the elevation angle of the excitation light.
FIG. 4: light emitting module diagram
Fig. 4 includes a direct lens mode and a fiber conversion mode. Wherein:
direct lens mode, including 401 is the light emitting axis. 402 is the focal or detection point of the excitation light. 403 is a light emitting module holder. 404 is lens group two. 405 is a narrow band optical filter. 406 is lens group one. 407 is a light emitter. 408 is a light emitter interface. Here, the light emitter emits excitation light, and the excitation light is collimated by the first lens group 406, filtered by the narrow-band filter 405, and collimated by the second lens group 404 to form a collimated beam of narrow-band excitation light, which is irradiated to the detection point position 402.
The optical fiber conversion mode 407 is a flexible optical fiber I, and the other end of the flexible optical fiber 407 is connected with a light emitter.
FIG. 5: receiving module diagram
Including 501 is the receiving axis. Reference numeral 502 denotes a detection point, which emits scattered light. Reference numeral 503 denotes a receiving module holder. 504 is set three. 505 is filter two. 506 is mirror group four. 507 is fiber two. Here, the scattered light enters one end of the second optical fiber through collimation of the third 504 mirror group, filtering of a 505 filter, and focusing of the fourth 504 mirror group, and a detection result is output from the other end. It should be noted here that the second filter can be of various types and arranged on a strip or a disc for manual or electric selection, depending on the design requirements.
FIG. 6: control module drawing
FIG. 7: drawing of a rotary shaft module
The rotating shaft module comprises a one-dimensional receiving shaft control module and a one-dimensional light-emitting shaft control module, and an elevation angle receiving shaft control module, an azimuth angle receiving shaft control module, an elevation angle light-emitting shaft control module and an azimuth angle light-emitting shaft control module. Wherein 701 is a connection interface, to which the driving output interface in fig. 6 is connected; reference numeral 702 denotes a driving circuit for driving a stepping motor. 703 is a stepping motor. And 704, a damping reduction gearbox, which reduces the rotating speed of the stepping motor in proportion and completes damping. 705 is the power take off, including rotation or displacement along a rail through gears. 706 is a limit stop, including a limit sensor. 707, the limit signal is transmitted back to the driving circuit to complete the limit function.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the number of the rotating shaft modules is determined according to the number of the rotating shafts, the stepping motor is also one of the options of the motor, and an ultrasonic motor, a linear motor, even a curve motor, etc. may also be adopted.
FIG. 8: spectrometer structure diagram
801 is the optical axis; 802 is a fiber optic interface. 803 is a condenser lens that focuses the scattered light from the fiber port to the slit. 804 are slits. 805 is a collimating mirror that converts the scattered light from the slit into collimated light. Reference numeral 806 denotes a beam splitter which spectrally splits the collimated light. 807 is a photoelectric converter, including a CCD charge coupler or a CMOS photoelectric converter, which may be a linear array or a planar array; 808, an integrating circuit, which comprises AD conversion and performs electric signal processing of the spectrum according to time integration operation; 809 is the electrical signal output of the spectrum.
FIG. 9: photoelectric converter diagram
In the drawing, 901, 902 and 903 are linear photoelectric converters, and the reference standard is a 1 × 1024 lattice. 904/905/906 are planar photoelectric converters, and the reference standard is a 64 × 2048 dot matrix. Here, 901 denotes a linear photoelectric converter body. 902 is the sensing point of the photosensor. 903 is a signal output port. Reference numeral 904 denotes a planar photoelectric converter body. 905 is the sensing point of the photosensor. 906 is a signal output port.
FIG. 10: schematic view of azimuth
1001 and X are the X-axes of a cartesian coordinate system. 1002 and Y/Z are the Y/Z axes of a rectangular coordinate system. Reference numeral 1003 denotes a scattered light receiving axis. 1004 is the emission axis of the excitation light. Reference numeral 1005 denotes a receiving module. 1006 is the cone of light that receives the scattered light. 1007 is a receiving module support and a slide rail. Reference numeral 1008 denotes an excitation light emitting module. 1009 is the cone of light received. 1010 is a light emitting module bracket and a slide rail. 1011 is the azimuth angle of the excitation light. 1012 is the azimuth angle of the received light.
FIG. 11: elevation schematic
1101 and Y are the Y-axes of the rectangular coordinate system. 1102 and X/Z are the X/Z axes of a rectangular coordinate system. 1103 is a scattered light receiving axis. 1104 is the emission axis of the excitation light. Reference numeral 1105 denotes a receiving module. 1106 is the cone of light that receives the scattered light. 1107 is the elevation rotation trajectory of the receiving module bracket and the slide rail. 1108 is an excitation light emitting module. 1109 is a cone of light receiving. 1110 is the elevation rotation track of the light emitting module bracket and the sliding rail. 1111 is the elevation angle of the excitation light. 1112 is the angle of elevation of the received light.
Detailed Description
The objects, intentions and contributions of the present invention are achieved with the following technical solutions of 4 embodiments. It is specifically noted that each of the specific embodiments has specific applications and industrial applicability. Accordingly, it is intended that any one of the following examples, which are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed.
Embodiment I, four-axis general quantum scattering probability distribution detector
1. Brief description and drawings
The scheme of the embodiment comprises a four-axis universal quantum scattering light probability distribution detector, the four-axis universal quantum scattering light probability distribution detector comprises two exciting light adjusting axes and two receiving light adjusting axes, the four-axis universal quantum scattering light probability distribution detector comprises a basic structure, a light emitting module, a receiving module, a control receiving angle, a control light emitting angle, an axis control module and accessories, does not comprise a photoelectric conversion module and an image display step, does not comprise a spectrometer, and does not comprise a photoelectric conversion module and image display analysis contents. Can be used as a front-end detector for connecting a back-end spectrometer.
The detection result comprises the intensity and position coordinates of the scattered light, and the calculation of the spectrum, the intensity of the characteristic peak and the like can be further realized by connecting the detection result to the spectrometer in the later period. In the present invention, a probability calculation result for a detection result and a probability distribution calculation result according to a spherical polar coordinate are provided.
The schematic structural diagram of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and it is to be reminded to those skilled in the art that fig. 2 is only one of the schematic structural diagrams, and is not a limitation to this embodiment.
In fig. 2, the excitation light of 204 is slidably adjustable on 202 light-emitting axis control module through 201 light-emitting module, and the light-emitting module of 203 is rotatably adjustable on horizontal axis. The receiving light of 208 is slidably adjustable on the receiving shaft control module of 206 through the receiving module of 205, and the receiving module of 207 is rotatably adjustable on the horizontal direction shaft.
Other reference figures are shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7.
2. Protocol and procedure
2.1, base Structure
The invention relates to a multi-axis multimode-based quantum scattered light distribution detector, which comprises the following basic structure and steps:
the quantum scattered light distribution detector based on multiple shafts and multiple modes is formed by a control module, a light emitting module, a receiving module, a light emitting shaft control module, a receiving shaft control module and a support. Wherein:
based on the setting, the position of the bracket comprises but is not limited to a detection surface, the detection object is arranged on the outer side of the detection surface, the detection surface comprises but is not limited to a detection point and a central point, a line passing through the central point and perpendicular to the detection surface is a normal line, the included angle between the exciting light and the normal line is an emitting angle, and the included angle between the received light and the normal line is a receiving angle.
The setting here is a manual definition for the convenience of description in the present invention, and those skilled in the art may have other definitions. It is to be emphasized that:
(1) The central point generally refers to the geometric central point of the detection surface, the detection point refers to the point irradiated by the excitation light spot, and the detection point and the central point can be in the same position.
(2) In general, the spot diameter of the probe spot is at least on the order of microns and much larger than the size of the quantum scale. Meanwhile, because the optical system presents Gaussian optical phenomena in the paraxial region, the generation point of scattered light and the detection point irradiated by excitation light can be approximate to the same position in the invention. In the case of fluorescence, since the intensity thereof is much larger than that of scattered light and excitation light, the position of the fluorescence generation point here is also similar to the same position of the excitation light detection point.
(3) The normal line here is defined uniformly as a perpendicular line passing through the center point, regardless of whether the detection plane is a plane viewed in millimeter size or a curved plane viewed in micrometer size.
The control module executes the control command, is connected with and controls the light-emitting module to execute the irradiation step, and is connected with and controls the receiving shaft control module to execute the receiving step.
The irradiating step includes, but is not limited to: the light emitting module is arranged on the light emitting axial control module constrained by the light emitting angle to generate narrow-band exciting light to irradiate the detection point of the detected object.
The receiving step includes, but is not limited to: the receiving module is arranged on the receiving axis control module constrained by the receiving angle and used for receiving the received light from the detecting point, and the control module controls the receiving axis control module to change the receiving angle according to the receiving scanning information included in the control instruction but not limited to the receiving scanning information, so as to obtain the detection result.
The irradiating step also includes, but is not limited to: the control module is also connected with and controls the light-emitting axis control module to change the light-emitting angle according to the light-emitting scanning information included in the control instruction but not limited to the control instruction.
In addition, the light-emitting angle is divided into a light-emitting azimuth angle and a light-emitting elevation angle by taking the detection point as a reference according to the spherical polar coordinate, and the light-emitting axis control module can also be correspondingly divided into a light-emitting azimuth axis control module and a light-emitting elevation angle axis control module. The receiving angle is divided into a receiving azimuth angle and a receiving elevation angle by taking the detecting point as a reference according to the spherical polar coordinate, and the receiving axis control module can also be correspondingly divided into a receiving azimuth axis control module and a receiving elevation axis control module.
2.2 light-emitting module
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementation combinations:
the light-emitting module comprises but is not limited to a light emitter and a light emitter interface, the control module is connected with the light emitter interface and used for controlling the light emitter to directly generate collimated light beams of narrow-band exciting light to irradiate the position of the detection point.
The light-emitting module comprises but is not limited to a light emitter, a light emitter interface, a first optical fiber, a first lens group, a narrow-band filter lens and a second lens group, the control module is connected with the light emitter interface and used for controlling the light emitter to generate exciting light with the central wavelength between the wavelength of the narrow-band exciting light, the exciting light is transmitted through the first optical fiber, and then collimated light beams of the narrow-band exciting light are formed through collimation of the first lens group, filtering of the narrow-band filter lens and collimation of the second lens group and are irradiated to the position of the detection point.
The control module controls the work of the illuminator according to the control instruction, including but not limited to turning on light emission, stopping light emission, adjusting the light emitting power and adjusting the light emitting frequency.
The light emitting module includes, but is not limited to, more than one light emitter, and the more than one light emitter includes, but is not limited to, excitation lights with different wavelengths.
The wavelength range of the exciting light comprises but is not limited to visible light, infrared light and ultraviolet light, the power of the exciting light comprises but is not limited to 0.1mW to 10W, the wavelength of the exciting light emitted by more than one light emitter is within the range of 0.01 percent to 5 percent of the wavelength difference, the diameter of the core of the first optical fiber is more than 10 mu m, and the core material comprises but is not limited to quartz and plastic.
The light emitter interface includes but is not limited to a fiber optic interface, the standards of which include but are not limited to SMA905, FC including but not limited to.
The bandwidth of the excitation light of a single wavelength is greater than the bandwidth of the clear light of the narrow-band filter.
The first lens group and the second lens group comprise more than one lens and reflecting mirror.
When the detector is used for detecting scattered light and detecting fluorescence, since the intensity of fluorescence is much greater than that of scattered light, and the difference can be more than ten orders of magnitude, preferably, attention needs to be paid to the following two aspects:
(1) The power of the light emitter is much less for detecting fluorescence than for detecting scattered light, for example, the power of the light emitter may be between 1 and 100mW for detecting fluorescence, and between 50 and 10000 mW for detecting scattered light.
(2) The light-emitting duration of the light emitter is much shorter than that of the light-scattering detector in terms of the light-emitting duration of the light emitter, for example, the light-emitting duration of the light emitter can be 1-1000 mS in the case of detecting fluorescence, and the light-emitting duration of the light emitter can be 1-1000S in the case of detecting scattered light.
Preferably and further, when the detector is used for detecting Raman spectra (Stokes scattered light, anti-Stokes scattered light, brillouin scattered light and the like), the detector can be designed into an excitation light differential mode. At the moment, two paths of light emitters with similar light emitting wavelengths, such as 785.0nm and 785.1nm, are adopted, the two paths of spectra are sequentially collected, and then difference calculation is carried out to obtain a spectrum after difference, so that interference of fluorescence can be eliminated.
2.3 receiving module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
the receiving module includes, but is not limited to, a third lens set, a second filter lens, a fourth lens set, and a second optical fiber.
The receiving step further includes, but is not limited to: the receiving module is arranged on the light path, one end of the receiving module is aligned with the detection point, the receiving light emitted from the detection point is collected by the third lens group to form collimated light, then the collimated light is filtered by the second filtering optical lens, and then the collimated light is converged by the fourth lens group and sent to one end of the second optical fiber.
The receiving step further includes, but is not limited to, outputting the detection result at another end of the second optical fiber, and specifically includes, but is not limited to:
stokes scattered light, the second filter includes but is not limited to a Stokes filter which passes a low pass filter with a wavelength longer than that of the narrow-band excitation light, prevents the scattered light with a wavelength shorter than or equal to that of the narrow-band excitation light from passing, and releases the Stokes scattered light with a wavelength longer than that of the narrow-band excitation light from passing.
And the Brillouin scattering light, wherein the second filter comprises but is not limited to a Brillouin filter of a two-channel band-pass filter, the first channel in the two channels releases the passage of the Brillouin scattering light with the wavelength larger than the narrow-band excitation light and smaller than the maximum Brillouin scattering light wavelength, the second channel releases the passage of the Brillouin scattering light with the wavelength smaller than the narrow-band excitation light and larger than the maximum Brillouin scattering light wavelength, and the passage of the light with the wavelength of the narrow-band excitation light and the light with other wavelengths is prevented.
And the second filter comprises but is not limited to an anti-Stokes filter which passes through a high-pass filter with the wavelength less than that of the narrow-band excitation light, prevents the scattered light with the wavelength more than or equal to that of the narrow-band excitation light from passing through, and releases the anti-Stokes scattered light with the wavelength less than that of the narrow-band excitation light.
The rayleigh scattering light filter includes, but is not limited to, a rayleigh filter of a band-pass filter for a wavelength range of rayleigh scattering light generated by a probe under excitation of the excitation light to prevent light outside a rayleigh scattering light band from passing and to pass light in a rayleigh scattering light band.
Fluorescence, the filter includes but is not limited to a fluorescence filter that is a band-pass filter for detecting the wavelength range of fluorescence generated by the object under excitation of the excitation light, so as to prevent light outside the fluorescence band from passing through and allow light in the fluorescence band to pass through.
And in the detection result switching mode, the Stokes filter, the Brillouin filter, the anti-Stokes filter, the Rayleigh filter and the fluorescence filter are arranged on long strips or discs at different positions and are switched to light paths between the third lens group and the fourth lens group manually or electrically so as to finish the output of different detection results.
The detection result, including but not limited to, by adjusting the receiving angle, is such that the detection result obtains a maximum value in the total light intensity.
The detection results, including but not limited to by adjusting the acceptance angle such that the detection results present more than one series of local maxima on the total light intensity, and calculating the spherical probability distribution.
The core diameter of the second optical fiber is larger than 10 μm, and the core material includes but not limited to quartz and plastic.
The preferable option to be noted here is that there is a difference in design between the second filter in the receiving module and the narrow-band filter in the light-emitting module, specifically:
(1) The release wavelength of the second filter must avoid the release wavelength of the narrow-band filter, and the two must not coincide;
(2) For the detection of Raman scattering light (such as Stokes scattering light, anti-Stokes scattering light, brillouin scattering light, etc.), the OD value of the filter lens II (English: optical density, chinese: optical density, which means the optical density absorbed by the detected object.) should be as high as possible, at least OD is selected to be more than or equal to 4, and OD is recommended to be more than or equal to 6.
In addition, the multi-mode filter lens is switched to support a flexible receiving mode, and the multi-mode filter lens is favorable for being released as a product of the multifunctional detector.
2.4 control Module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
control modules including, but not limited to, a CPU, memory, interface circuitry, communication circuitry, output drivers, and power circuitry.
The CPU and the memory store and execute control instructions, the interface circuit is connected with an external communication circuit or is connected with external communication equipment in a wireless mode, the light-emitting axis control module and the receiving axis control module are connected, the output driver is used for being connected with the light emitter, and the power supply circuit provides power for the multi-axis multi-mode quantum scattered light distribution detector.
The specification types of the communication interface include but are not limited to a USB interface, a WIFI interface and a Bluetooth interface.
The control instructions also include, but are not limited to, a communication protocol with an external communication circuit.
The control module can be a single chip or a SoC small system with a CPU system, such as an MCU, to reduce cost, size, and power consumption. If the invention is designed to comprise a photoelectric conversion module or a spectrometer, a PC (personal computer) is suggested to be directly adopted, for example, a system of a computer mainboard of an industrial personal computer is directly adopted due to large subsequent calculation amount.
2.5 controlling the acceptance angle
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementation combinations:
based on the setting, the intersection line of the horizontal plane passing through the normal line and the detection plane is a horizontal direction axis, and the intersection line of the vertical plane passing through the normal line and the detection plane is a vertical direction axis.
Preferably, the acceptance angle includes, but is not limited to, a one-dimensional acceptance angle or a two-dimensional acceptance angle.
The one-dimensional receiving angle is an included angle between the received light and the normal line, and the receiving axis control module at the moment is a one-dimensional receiving axis control module.
The two-dimensional receiving angle includes, but is not limited to, an elevation angle of the received light on the vertical direction axis and an azimuth angle on the horizontal direction axis, and the receiving axis control module in this case includes, but is not limited to, an elevation angle receiving axis control module and an azimuth angle receiving axis control module.
The received scanning information includes, but is not limited to, the value of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the one-dimensional receiving axis control module so that the one-dimensional receiving angle reaches the value of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the elevation angle receiving axis control module so that the elevation angle receiving axis control module reaches the value of the elevation angle to be set, and the control module controls the rotation of the azimuth angle receiving axis so that the azimuth angle reaches the value of the azimuth angle to be set.
The control module controls the elevation angle receiving axis control module to scan in the elevation angle range to be set and controls the azimuth angle receiving axis control module to scan in the azimuth angle range to be set.
It is emphasized that the acceptance angle control of the present invention includes the following specific structural aspects.
(1) And fixing the acceptance angle. The optimum acceptance angle is generally known for a particular application product, and the preferred design of the known fixed acceptance angle is used for this application product. Further, the receiving angle should be considered in combination with the emitting angle, that is, the angle between the exciting light and the receiving light is directly designed as a fixed angle.
(2) One-dimensional variable acceptance angle. The one-dimensional receiving shaft control module comprises a circular guide rail, and the receiving end of the receiving module faces the detection point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the receiving angle. It should be noted that, no matter how the receiving angle is rotated, the receiving end of the receiving module always faces the detecting point, and receives the scattered light or the fluorescence from the detecting point. In addition, since the acceptance angle is adjustable in one dimension, the mounting of the circular guide on the support is fixed, i.e. the angle between the plane of the circular guide and the detection surface is fixed, e.g. vertically fixed.
(3) Two-dimensionally variable acceptance angle. The two-dimensional receiving axis control module comprises an annular guide rail which can rotate around a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is formed by intersecting a detection surface and a guide rail plane. The receiving end of the receiving module faces the detecting point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the receiving azimuth angle, and meanwhile, the guide rail plane rotates along the rotating shaft to change the receiving elevation angle. It should be noted that, no matter how the receiving angle is rotated, the receiving end of the receiving module always faces the detecting point, and receives the scattered light or fluorescence from the detecting point.
2.6 controlling the luminous angle
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
based on the setting, the intersection line of the horizontal plane passing through the normal line and the detection plane is a horizontal direction axis, and the intersection line of the vertical plane passing through the normal line and the detection plane is a vertical direction axis.
Preferably, the light emission angle includes, but is not limited to, a fixed light emission angle, a one-dimensional light emission angle, and a two-dimensional light emission angle.
The fixed light-emitting angle is that the light-emitting module is arranged on the light-emitting axial control module of which the included angle between the exciting light and the normal line is a fixed value.
The one-dimensional light-emitting angle is an included angle between the exciting light and the normal line, and the light-emitting axial control module at the moment is a one-dimensional light-emitting axial control module.
The two-dimensional light-emitting angle includes, but is not limited to, an elevation angle of the excitation light on the vertical direction axis and an azimuth angle of the excitation light on the horizontal direction axis, and the light-emitting axis control module in this case includes, but is not limited to, an elevation light-emitting axis control module and an azimuth light-emitting axis control module.
The lighting scanning information includes but is not limited to the value of the one-dimensional lighting angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the one-dimensional lighting axis control module so that the one-dimensional lighting angle reaches the value of the one-dimensional lighting angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the elevation lighting axis control module so that the elevation reaches the value of the elevation to be set, and the control module controls the rotation of the azimuth lighting axis control module so that the azimuth reaches the value of the azimuth to be set.
The light-emitting scanning information includes but is not limited to a range of one-dimensional light-emitting angles to be set, the control module controls the one-dimensional light-emitting axis control module to scan in the range of one-dimensional light-emitting angles to be set, the light-emitting scanning information includes but is not limited to an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of two-dimensional light-emitting angles to be set, and the control module controls the elevation angle light-emitting axis control module to scan in the elevation angle range to be set and controls the azimuth angle light-emitting axis control module to scan in the azimuth angle range to be set.
It is emphasized that the light emission angle control of the present invention includes the following specific structural schemes.
(1) And fixing the light-emitting angle. The optimum luminous angle is generally known as a product for a particular application, and the preferred design for a fixed luminous angle is known for use with the present invention. Further, the light emitting angle should be considered in combination with the receiving angle, that is, the included angle between the excitation light and the receiving light is directly designed as a fixed angle. In addition, as an option, the light emission angle can be designed to be normal, i.e. the excitation light is directed from the normal to the center point, and the detection point coincides with the center point.
(2) And one-dimensional variable light-emitting angle. The one-dimensional light-emitting axial control module comprises a circular guide rail, and the light-emitting end of the light-emitting module is opposite to the detection point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the light-emitting angle. It should be noted that no matter how the light-emitting angle rotates, the light-emitting end of the light-emitting module always faces the detection point to emit the excitation light. In addition, since the light-emitting angle is adjustable in one dimension, the mounting of the circular guide on the support is fixed, i.e. the angle between the plane of the circular guide and the detection surface is fixed, e.g. vertically fixed.
(3) Two-dimensional variable light-emitting angle. The two-dimensional light-emitting axis control module comprises an annular guide rail which can rotate around a rotating axis, and the rotating axis is formed by intersecting a detection plane and a guide rail plane. The emitting end of the light emitting module faces the detecting point and slides along the circular guide rail to change the light emitting azimuth angle, and meanwhile, the guide rail plane rotates along the rotating shaft to change the light emitting elevation angle. It should be noted that no matter how the light-emitting angle rotates, the light-emitting end of the light-emitting module always faces the detection point to emit the excitation light.
2.7 axle control module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
the axis control module comprises a one-dimensional receiving axis control module and a one-dimensional light-emitting axis control module, and the elevation angle receiving axis control module, the azimuth angle receiving axis control module, the elevation angle light-emitting axis control module and the azimuth angle light-emitting axis control module. And further or preferred combinations thereof.
The axle control module includes but is not limited to a motor, a driving circuit, a limiter, and a damper,
the driving circuit is connected with the control module on the upper part, receives the control of the control module, and feeds back the limiting signal of the limiter to the lower part, which is connected with the motor and the limiter.
The limiter senses the maximum value and the minimum value of the motion angle of the shaft control module as limiting signals and transmits the limiting signals to the driving circuit.
The damper prevents the shaft control module from vibrating during movement.
The motor includes but is not limited to a stepping motor, an ultrasonic motor, a direct current motor, a linear motor and a gear set.
It should be emphasized here that the axis control module is designed according to a spherical polar coordinate system, with the detection point as the center of the sphere and the azimuth and elevation as the polar coordinates, wherein the radius of the polar coordinates is calculated by the radius of the light-emitting axis guide rail ring or the radius of the receiving axis guide rail ring, respectively.
Preferably, the drive circuit and the control command are further designed according to the design of motor selection, gear set design, structural design and polar coordinate design, so that the command set for the control of the axis control module in the control command supports direct setting of azimuth angle and elevation angle.
Preferably, the adjustment accuracy of the shaft control module is set within 2 degrees by adopting an angle system or a radian system according to the detection requirement and according to the stepping motor and the reduction gear.
2.8 extreme and calculation
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes, but is not limited to, the following extremum calculation, specifically:
and extreme value calculation, including calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the detection result in the scanning of the light-emitting angle and the receiving angle. It should be noted that the light emission angle at this time includes, but is not limited to, a fixed light emission angle, a one-dimensional light emission angle, and a two-dimensional light emission angle, and in the two-dimensional light emission angle, a light emission azimuth angle and a light emission elevation angle are also included. The reception angle at this time includes, but is not limited to, a fixed reception angle, a one-dimensional reception angle, or a two-dimensional reception angle, and in the two-dimensional reception angle, a reception azimuth angle and a reception elevation angle.
The detection result includes finding the maximum value and the minimum value in the light intensity.
It should be noted that although the present invention is exemplified only for the measurement on one side of the detection surface, only the detection area of a hemisphere is used, in practice, the same method and steps are used for the other hemisphere of the detection surface, and the same is true. That is, the present invention is actually a whole sphere supporting the detection surface.
On the whole sphere detection, the following method is adopted:
(1) The method for synthesizing the hemisphere is characterized in that for some detected objects, based on the symmetry principle of quantum mechanics, the detected hemisphere is called as a northern hemisphere, a southern hemisphere is calculated by taking a detection surface as a reference and adopting a mirror symmetry principle, and the northern hemisphere is synthesized into a complete global;
(2) The method for rotating the detection surface continuously detects the southern hemisphere by rotating the detection surface by 180 degrees, so that data of all spheres are detected.
And calculating the extreme value of the whole globe according to the data of all the spheres.
2.9, accessories
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to the implementation of one or more of the following combinations:
the detection surface includes, but is not limited to, a detection window mounted on the support, and the detection window includes, but is not limited to, optical glass, a transparent material seal, and a material-free open window.
In practical applications, the detection window is usually made of transparent material, which is beneficial to protect the light emitter and the receiving lens group. The introduction of transparent materials only optically increases the computational difficulty for the focusing of the detection spot, which the skilled person needs to take into account.
The material-free open window is useful for detecting some special substances. Those skilled in the art may select as appropriate.
Embodiment two and four-axis universal multi-axis and multi-mode-based quantum scattered light distribution detector
1. Brief introduction to the drawings
This embodiment is a full version of the invention. On the basis of the first embodiment, a photoelectric conversion module (namely a spectrometer) and an image display step are added, and the complete four-axis universal multi-axis multi-mode-based quantum scattered light distribution detector comprising all the contents of the application is formed. It should be noted that, due to the addition of the photoelectric conversion module based on the spectrometer and the image display step, the control module correspondingly adds the control to the photoelectric conversion module and the image display step, and those skilled in the art must understand that the control module is a module for controlling the photoelectric conversion module and the image display step.
2. Description of the figures
The schematic structural diagram of this embodiment is as shown in fig. 2, and fig. 8 and fig. 9 are added on the basis of the first embodiment, and it should be reminded to those skilled in the art that these diagrams are only one of the schematic structural diagrams, and are not limiting to this embodiment.
In fig. 2, the excitation light of 204 is slidably adjustable on 202 light-emitting axis control module through 201 light-emitting module, and is rotatably adjustable on 203 horizontal axis of light-emitting module. The 208 receiving light is slidably adjustable on the 206 receiving axis control module through the 205 receiving module, and the 207 receiving module is rotatably adjustable on the horizontal direction axis. The output of the 205 receiving module is connected to the 802 optical fiber interface of fig. 8, and is focused by 803, collimated by 804 slit and 805, split by 806, photoelectric converted by 807, and integrated by 808, and converted from 809 into an electrical signal output of spectrum. In the photoelectric conversion of 807, as shown in fig. 9, a linear photoelectric converter or a planar photoelectric converter may be selected, and the entire spectrum detection process is finally completed.
Other reference figures are shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7.
3. Differential description
The same points as the first embodiment are not repeated here, and as illustrated in the previous drawings, the differences are: and a photoelectric conversion module (namely a spectrometer) and an image display step are added to form a set of complete four-axis universal quantum scattered light distribution detector based on multiple axes and multiple modes.
The specific differentiation is illustrated as follows:
3.1 photoelectric conversion module
On the basis of the foregoing basic solution, the present invention specifically includes, but is not limited to, a photoelectric conversion module and a spectrometer module implemented by one or more combinations of the following, and specifically includes the following preferably or further:
the photoelectric conversion module comprises an optical interface and an electrical interface, wherein the optical interface is connected with the other end of the second optical fiber to receive the detection result, and the electrical interface outputs an electrical signal.
The spectrometer module comprises an optical interface, a slit, a collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a linear photoelectric converter, a control circuit, an input interface and an output interface, wherein the linear photoelectric converter is formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric converters according to a line, and an optical signal of the optical interface is converted into a two-dimensional spectral signal comprising optical wavelength and optical intensity according to a spectrum after light splitting and is output from the output interface.
The spectrometer module comprises an optical interface, a slit, a collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a planar photoelectric converter, a control circuit, an input interface and an output interface, wherein the planar photoelectric converter is formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric converters according to a matrix, and an optical signal of the optical interface is converted into a three-dimensional spectral signal comprising optical wavelength, optical intensity and position according to a spectrum after light splitting and is output from the output interface.
And an integral spectrum conversion step of performing time integral operation on the light intensity on the dimension of the light wavelength according to the time sequence on the optical signal of the optical interface, converting the optical signal into a spectrum signal comprising two-dimensional integral and a spectrum signal comprising three-dimensional integral, and outputting the spectrum signal from the electrical interface.
And a time sequence spectrum conversion step, converting the optical signal of the optical interface into a spectrum signal comprising two-dimensional integral or a spectrum signal comprising three-dimensional integral according to a time sequence, and outputting the spectrum signal from the electrical interface.
It should be emphasized that the optical-to-electrical conversion module is a simple and preferable solution, and directly outputs an electrical signal of an optical signal. The scheme has the outstanding characteristics of simple structure and low cost.
Preferably, an optional piece such as a photoelectric conversion module is not needed, the other end of the second optical fiber directly outputs optical signals, and other standardized spectrometers can be flexibly configured subsequently.
Preferably, a spectrometer module or a complete machine is adopted, and a spectrometer output interface outputs a spectrum signal.
3.2 image display step
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementations in combination, specifically:
the control module is connected with a display subsystem, and the control instruction further comprises but is not limited to an image display step displayed on the display subsystem, and specifically comprises but is not limited to one or a combination of the following steps.
The first step is shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light emitting angle to include but not limited to 0 degree, setting the range of one-dimensional receiving angle, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angle, and drawing a linear intensity diagram according to the intensity of the obtained one-dimensional electric signal.
The two steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of a two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to the elevation angle range and the azimuth angle range from small to large, and drawing a spherical intensity diagram according to the intensity of the obtained one-dimensional electric signals.
The three steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at the central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting a range of one-dimensional receiving angles, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angles, and drawing a spectrum diagram by using the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional spectrum signal.
The four steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of a two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to a corresponding range from small to large, drawing a spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram or a planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram according to the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional spectrum signal.
The five steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an integration time, setting a range of one-dimensional receiving angles, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angles, and drawing an integrated spectrum diagram by using the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional integrated spectrum signal.
The six steps are shown in the figure:
setting a detection point at a central point, setting a light-emitting angle including but not limited to 0 degree, setting an integration time, setting an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of a two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to a corresponding range from small to large, drawing an integrated spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram or an integrated planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram according to the light wavelength and the light intensity of an obtained two-dimensional integrated spectrum signal.
The seven steps are shown in the figure:
and circularly executing the steps of the first graph, the second graph, the third graph or the fourth graph, and displaying the steps in real time.
The thorn ball model comprises a sphere thorn-shaped spectrum diagram, a thorn-shaped spectrum diagram, an integral sphere thorn-shaped spectrum diagram and an integral plane thorn-shaped spectrum diagram.
It should be noted here that the illustration method can be varied, and it can be displayed by using gray-scale image or color image. Only the correspondence between the gray scale and the color and the physical quantity needs to be defined in advance to further enhance the effect of the illustration.
The definition of the physical quantity at least includes the following description of formula 3.2.1 for the spectral wave function and the probability distribution function, and the array description of formula 3.2.2, specifically:
In the illustration of the thorn ball, the intensity of light is replaced by the length of the thorn, and the wavelength of light is replaced by the color of the thorn, so that the illustration can be intuitively carried out.
It should be noted that the column writing manners of the formula 3.2.1 and the formula 3.2.2 are only one way of describing the present invention, and those skilled in the art should be able to derive other calculation formulas based on this idea and the related basic knowledge in the industry, and so on.
3.3 extreme and calculation
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes, but is not limited to, the following extremum calculation, specifically:
and extreme value calculation, including in the scanning of the light-emitting angle and the receiving angle, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the detection result. It should be noted that the light emission angle at this time includes, but is not limited to, a fixed light emission angle, a one-dimensional light emission angle, and a two-dimensional light emission angle, and in the two-dimensional light emission angle, a light emission azimuth angle and a light emission elevation angle are also included. The reception angle at this time includes, but is not limited to, a fixed reception angle, a one-dimensional reception angle, or a two-dimensional reception angle, and in the two-dimensional reception angle, a reception azimuth angle and a reception elevation angle.
The detection results include finding the maximum and minimum values in the three-dimensional spectral signals of the light wavelength, light intensity and position.
3.4, accessories
On the basis of the foregoing basic scheme, the present invention specifically includes but is not limited to one or more of the following implementation combinations:
the detection surface includes, but is not limited to, a detection window mounted on the support, and the detection window includes, but is not limited to, optical glass, a transparent material seal, and a material-free open window.
In practical applications, the detection window is usually made of transparent material, which is beneficial to protect the light emitter and the receiving lens group. The introduction of transparent materials only optically increases the computational difficulty for the focusing of the probe spot, which the skilled person needs to take into account.
The material-free open window is useful for the detection of some specific substances. And may be selected as appropriate by those skilled in the art.
3.5 extremum auto-scan
In this embodiment, according to the control module, the axis control module and the photoelectric conversion module, for the spectrum signal, the maximum value is selected, the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the light-emitting angle and the receiving angle at the maximum value are determined and marked as an extreme value, and the extreme value is output.
EXAMPLE III, biaxial Quantum scatter probability distribution Detector
1. Brief introduction to the drawings
This embodiment is a simplified dual-axis quantum scattering probability distribution detector of the present invention. The dual axes are that an elevation angle receiving axial control module and an azimuth angle receiving axial control module are controlled in two dimensions under the control of the receiving module, so that the receiving azimuth angle and the receiving elevation angle can be adjusted, the optical signals of the receiving module are output, and the photoelectric conversion module and the image display analysis system of the spectrograph are not included. This embodiment can be used for off-axis dual-axis tunable detectors for detecting a variety of substances. Has the advantages of low cost and simplified structure.
2. Description of the figures
The schematic structural diagram of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and it should be reminded to those skilled in the art that fig. 2 is only one of the schematic structural diagrams, and is not a limitation to this embodiment.
In fig. 2, the excitation light of 204 is fixed, that is, 201 the light emitting module is fixed on 202 the light emitting axis control module, for example, fixed at the vertex position, and 203 the horizontal axis of the light emitting module is also fixed, for example, fixed on the vertical plane, so that the excitation light irradiates to the detection point along the normal line. The receiving light of 208 is slidably adjustable on the receiving shaft control module of 206 through the receiving module of 205, and the receiving module of 207 is rotatably adjustable on the horizontal direction shaft.
Other reference figures are shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7.
3. Description of differentiation
The same points as the first embodiment are not repeated here, and as illustrated in the previous drawings, the differences are:
(1) The light-emitting angle adopts a fixed light-emitting angle, for example, a mode of irradiating the central point position along a normal line is called a north pole mode, and the light emitter is fixed on the light-emitting axial control module or the bracket;
(2) And the components of the light-emitting shaft control module adopt a fixed design, and do not need to be controlled by the rotating shaft module.
Example four, single-axis Quantum scatter probability distribution Detector
1. Brief introduction to the drawings
This embodiment is a simplified single axis quantum scattering probability distribution detector of the present invention. The single axis is a detector with a controllable one-dimensional receiving angle adjustable mode of a one-dimensional receiving axis control module under the control of a receiving module, outputs optical signals of the receiving module, and does not comprise a photoelectric conversion module and an image display analysis system of a spectrometer. This embodiment may be used for off-axis single axis adjustable detectors for detecting a variety of substances. Has the advantages of low cost and simplified structure.
2. Description of the drawings
The schematic structural diagram of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and it should be reminded to those skilled in the art that fig. 2 is only one of the schematic structural diagrams, and is not a limitation to this embodiment.
In fig. 2, the excitation light of 204 is fixed, that is, 201 the light emitting module is fixed on 202 the light emitting axis control module, for example, fixed at the vertex position, and 203 the horizontal axis of the light emitting module is also fixed, for example, fixed on the vertical plane, so that the excitation light irradiates to the detection point along the normal line. The receiving light of 208 is slidably adjustable on the receiving axis control module of 206 through the receiving module of 205, and the receiving module of 207 adopts a fixed position on the horizontal axis, for example, a fixed position on a vertical plane.
Other reference figures are shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7.
3. Differential description
The same points as those in the embodiment are not repeated here, but the differences are:
as illustrated in the previous figures, the received light in the third embodiment is adjustable in both azimuth and elevation, while the received light in the fourth embodiment is adjustable in only one dimension.
Claims (11)
1. Quantum scattered light distribution detector based on multiaxis multimode, its characterized in that includes control module, luminous module, receiving module, luminous axle accuse module, receiving axle accuse module and support, wherein:
the detection object is arranged on the outer side of a detection surface on the support, the detection surface comprises a detection point and a central point, a line which passes through the central point and is perpendicular to the detection surface is a normal line, an included angle between the exciting light and the normal line is a light-emitting angle, and an included angle between the received light and the normal line is a receiving angle;
the control module executes a control instruction, is connected with and controls the light-emitting module to execute the irradiation step, and is connected with and controls the receiving shaft control module to execute the receiving step;
the irradiating step comprises: the light-emitting module is arranged on the light-emitting axial control module constrained by the light-emitting angle to generate narrow-band exciting light which irradiates the detection point of the detection object;
the receiving step includes: the receiving module is mounted on the receiving axis control module constrained by the receiving angle and receives the received light from the detection point, and the control module controls the receiving axis control module to change the receiving angle according to the receiving scanning information included in the control instruction to acquire a detection result;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the irradiating step further comprises: the control module is also connected with and controls the light-emitting axis control module, and the light-emitting angle is changed according to the light-emitting scanning information included in the control instruction.
2. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 1, wherein:
the control module is connected with the illuminator interface and controls the illuminator to directly generate collimated light beams of the narrow-band excitation light to irradiate the detection point position; or the like, or, alternatively,
the light-emitting module comprises a light emitter, a light emitter interface, a first optical fiber, a first lens group, a narrow-band filter lens and a second lens group, the control module is connected with the light emitter interface and is used for controlling the light emitter to generate exciting light with the central wavelength between the wavelength of the narrow-band exciting light, the exciting light is transmitted through the first optical fiber and then is collimated through the first lens group, filtered through the narrow-band filter lens and collimated through the second lens group to form a collimated light beam of the narrow-band exciting light, and the collimated light beam irradiates the position of the detection point;
the control module controls the work of the illuminator according to the control instruction, and the work comprises starting illumination, stopping illumination, and/or adjusting the illumination power and/or the illumination frequency;
the light emitting module comprises more than one path of light emitters, and the more than one path of light emitters comprise exciting light with different wavelengths;
the wavelength range of the exciting light comprises visible light, infrared light and ultraviolet light, the power of the exciting light comprises 0.1mW to 10W, the wavelength difference of the exciting light emitted by the more than one light emitters is within the range of 0.01% to 5%, the diameter of the fiber core of the first optical fiber is larger than 10 micrometers, and the fiber core material comprises quartz and plastic;
the illuminator interface comprises an optical fiber interface, and the standards thereof comprise SMA905 and FC.
3. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 2, wherein:
the receiving module comprises a third lens group, a second filter lens, a fourth lens group and a second optical fiber;
the receiving step further comprises: the receiving module is arranged on a light path, one end of the receiving module is aligned to the detection point, the received light emitted from the detection point is collected by the third lens group to form collimated light, the collimated light is filtered by the second filter lens and then converged by the fourth lens group to be sent to one end of the second optical fiber;
the receiving step further includes outputting the detection result at another end of the second optical fiber, and includes:
stokes scattered light, the second filter comprises a Stokes filter of a low-pass filter with the passing wavelength larger than that of the narrow-band exciting light, the scattered light with the wavelength smaller than or equal to that of the narrow-band exciting light is prevented from passing, and the Stokes scattered light with the passing wavelength larger than that of the narrow-band exciting light is released; or the like, or, alternatively,
the Brillouin scattering light comprises a Brillouin filter with a double-channel band-pass filter, a first channel in the double channels discharges Brillouin scattering light with the wavelength larger than the narrow-band excitation light and smaller than the maximum Brillouin scattering light wavelength to pass, a second channel discharges Brillouin scattering light with the wavelength smaller than the narrow-band excitation light and larger than the maximum Brillouin scattering light wavelength to pass, and light with the narrow-band excitation light wavelength and light with other wavelengths are prevented from passing; or the like, or, alternatively,
the second filter comprises an anti-stokes filter which passes a high-pass filter with the wavelength less than that of the narrow-band excitation light, prevents the scattered light with the wavelength more than or equal to that of the narrow-band excitation light from passing, and releases the anti-stokes scattered light with the wavelength less than that of the narrow-band excitation light; or the like, or a combination thereof,
a second filter including a band-pass filter for filtering the wavelength of the rayleigh scattered light generated by the probe under excitation of the excitation light to block passage of light rays outside a wavelength band of the rayleigh scattered light and to pass light rays outside the wavelength band of the rayleigh scattered light; or the like, or, alternatively,
fluorescence, the filter comprises a fluorescence filter of a band-pass filter of the wavelength range of fluorescence generated by the detection object under the excitation of the excitation light, so as to prevent the light outside the fluorescence band from passing through, and allow the light in the fluorescence band to pass through; or the like, or, alternatively,
a detection result switching mode, in which the stokes filter, the brillouin filter, the anti-stokes filter, the rayleigh filter and the fluorescence filter are arranged on long strips or discs at different positions, and are switched to light paths between the third lens group and the fourth lens group manually or electrically to complete output of different detection results;
the detecting result further comprises adjusting the receiving angle so that the detecting result obtains a maximum value on the total light intensity; or the like, or, alternatively,
the detecting result further comprises adjusting the receiving angle so that the detecting result has more than one series of local maximum values on the total light intensity, and calculating a spherical probability distribution;
the diameter of the fiber core of the second optical fiber is larger than 10 mu m, and the fiber core material comprises quartz and plastic.
4. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 3, wherein:
the control module comprises a CPU, a memory, an interface circuit, a communication circuit, an output driver and a power circuit;
the CPU and the memory store and execute the control instruction, the interface circuit is connected with an external communication circuit or wirelessly connected with external communication equipment, the light-emitting axis control module and the receiving axis control module, the output driver is used for connecting the light emitter, and the power supply circuit provides power for the multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattering light distribution detector;
the specification types of the communication interface comprise a USB interface, a WIFI interface and a Bluetooth interface;
the control instructions further include a communication protocol with the external communication circuit.
5. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 4, wherein:
based on setting, establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and a spherical polar coordinate system by taking the central point as an origin, the detection surface as an XY plane, the normal line as a Z axis, the horizontal direction axis as an X axis, the vertical direction axis as a Y axis, the projection angle of the receiving angle to the Z axis as a receiving azimuth angle and the projection angle of the receiving angle to the X axis as a receiving elevation angle;
the acceptance angle comprises a one-dimensional acceptance angle or a two-dimensional acceptance angle;
the one-dimensional receiving angle is an included angle between the received light and the normal line, and the receiving axis control module at the moment is a one-dimensional receiving axis control module;
the two-dimensional receiving angle comprises the receiving elevation angle and the receiving azimuth angle of the received light, and the receiving axis control module at the moment comprises an elevation receiving axis control module and an azimuth receiving axis control module;
the received scanning information comprises a numerical value of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, the control module controls the one-dimensional receiving axis control module to rotate so that the one-dimensional receiving angle reaches the numerical value of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, or the control module controls the elevation angle receiving axis control module to rotate so that the elevation angle receiving axis control module reaches the numerical value of the receiving elevation angle to be set and the control module controls the azimuth angle receiving axis to rotate so that the receiving azimuth angle reaches the numerical value of the receiving azimuth angle to be set; or the like, or a combination thereof,
the received scanning information comprises a range of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, and the control module controls the one-dimensional receiving axis control module to scan in the range of the one-dimensional receiving angle to be set, or the received scanning information comprises an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of the two-dimensional receiving angle to be set, and the control module controls the elevation angle receiving axis control module to scan in the elevation angle range to be set and controls the azimuth angle receiving axis control module to scan in the azimuth angle range to be set.
6. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 5, wherein:
based on setting, establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and a spherical polar coordinate system by taking the central point as an origin, the detection surface as an XY plane, the normal line as a Z axis, the horizontal direction axis as an X axis, the vertical direction axis as a Y axis, the projection angle of the light-emitting angle to the Z axis as a light-emitting azimuth angle and the projection angle of the receiving angle to the X axis as a light-emitting elevation angle;
the light-emitting angle comprises a fixed light-emitting angle or a one-dimensional light-emitting angle or a two-dimensional light-emitting angle;
the fixed light-emitting angle is that the light-emitting module is arranged on the light-emitting axis control module of which the included angle between the exciting light and the normal line is a fixed value;
the one-dimensional light emitting angle is an included angle between the exciting light and the normal line, and the light emitting axis control module at the moment is a one-dimensional light emitting axis control module;
the two-dimensional light-emitting angle comprises the light-emitting elevation angle of the exciting light and the light-emitting azimuth angle of the exciting light, and the light-emitting axial control module at the moment comprises an elevation light-emitting axial control module and an azimuth light-emitting axial control module;
the light-emitting scanning information comprises a numerical value of the one-dimensional light-emitting angle to be set, the control module controls the rotation of the one-dimensional light-emitting axial control module so that the one-dimensional light-emitting angle reaches the numerical value of the one-dimensional light-emitting angle to be set, or the control module controls the rotation of the elevation angle light-emitting axial control module so that the light-emitting elevation angle reaches the numerical value of the light-emitting elevation angle to be set and controls the rotation of the azimuth angle light-emitting axial control module so that the light-emitting azimuth angle reaches the numerical value of the light-emitting azimuth angle to be set; or the like, or, alternatively,
the light-emitting scanning information comprises a range of the one-dimensional light-emitting angle to be set, the control module controls the one-dimensional light-emitting axis control module to scan in the range of the one-dimensional light-emitting angle to be set, or the light-emitting scanning information comprises an elevation angle range and an azimuth angle range of the two-dimensional light-emitting angle to be set, and the control module controls the elevation angle light-emitting axis control module to scan in the elevation angle range to be set and controls the azimuth angle light-emitting axis control module to scan in the azimuth angle range to be set.
7. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 6, wherein:
the axis control module comprises a one-dimensional receiving axis control module and a one-dimensional light-emitting axis control module, or the elevation receiving axis control module, the azimuth receiving axis control module, the elevation light-emitting axis control module and the azimuth light-emitting axis control module;
the shaft control module comprises a motor, a driving circuit, a limiter and a damper,
the driving circuit pair is connected with the control module at the upper part, receives the control of the control module, is connected with the motor and the limiter at the lower part, drives the motor to work, and feeds back a limiting signal of the limiter;
the limiter senses the signals of the maximum value and the minimum value of the motion angle of the shaft control module as the limiting signals and transmits the limiting signals to the driving circuit;
the damper prevents the shaft control module from vibrating during movement;
the motor comprises a stepping motor, an ultrasonic motor, a direct current motor, a linear motor and a gear set.
8. The detector of claim 7, further comprising a photoelectric conversion module or a spectrometer module, and specifically comprising:
the photoelectric conversion module comprises an optical interface and an electrical interface, wherein the optical interface is connected with the other end of the second optical fiber to receive the detection result, and the electrical interface outputs an electrical signal;
the spectrometer module comprises the optical interface, a slit, a collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a linear photoelectric converter, a control circuit, an input interface and an output interface, wherein the linear photoelectric converter is arranged by a plurality of photoelectric converters according to a line; or the like, or, alternatively,
the spectrometer module comprises the optical interface, a slit, a collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a planar photoelectric converter, a control circuit, an input interface and an output interface, wherein the planar photoelectric converter is formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric converters according to a matrix;
an integral spectrum conversion step of performing time integral operation on the light intensity on the dimension of the light wavelength according to a time sequence on the light signal of the optical interface, converting the light signal into a spectrum signal including two-dimensional integral or a spectrum signal including three-dimensional integral, and outputting the spectrum signal from the electrical interface;
and a time-series spectrum conversion step of converting the optical signal of the optical interface into a spectrum signal including the two-dimensional integral or a spectrum signal including the three-dimensional integral according to a time series and outputting the spectrum signal from the electrical interface.
9. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 8, further comprising a display subsystem connected to said control module, wherein said control instructions further comprise an image display step displayed on said display subsystem, in particular comprising one or a combination of the following steps of a ball-of-thorns model:
one step is illustrated:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light-emitting angle to include 0 degree, setting the range of the one-dimensional receiving angle, and scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angle to draw a linear intensity diagram according to the intensity of the obtained one-dimensional electric signal;
the two steps are shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light-emitting angle to include 0 degree, setting the elevation angle range and the azimuth angle range of the two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to the elevation angle range and the azimuth angle range from small to large, and drawing a spherical intensity diagram according to the intensity of the obtained one-dimensional electric signals;
the three steps are shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light-emitting angle to include 0 degree, setting the range of the one-dimensional receiving angle, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angle, and drawing a spectrum diagram by using the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional spectrum signal;
the four steps are shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light-emitting angle to include 0 degree, setting the elevation angle range and the azimuth angle range of the two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one according to the corresponding ranges from small to large, drawing a spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram or a planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram according to the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional spectrum signal;
the five steps are shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light-emitting angle to include 0 degree, setting the integration time, setting the range of the one-dimensional receiving angle, scanning from small to large according to the range of the corresponding one-dimensional receiving angle, and drawing an integrated spectrum diagram by using the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional integrated spectrum signal;
the six steps are shown in the figure:
setting the detection point at the central point, setting the light-emitting angle to include 0 degree, setting the integration time, setting the elevation angle range and the azimuth angle range of the two-dimensional receiving angle, scanning one by one from small to large according to the corresponding range, drawing an integrated spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram or an integrated planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram according to the light wavelength and the light intensity of the obtained two-dimensional integrated spectrum signal;
the seven steps are shown in the figure:
circularly executing the first graphic diagram, the second graphic diagram, the third graphic diagram or the fourth graphic diagram, and displaying in real time;
the thorn ball model comprises the spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram, the integrated spherical thorn-shaped spectrum diagram and the integrated planar thorn-shaped spectrum diagram.
10. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 9, wherein: the extreme value calculation is also included;
and the extreme value calculation comprises calculating the maximum value and/or the minimum value of the detection result in the scanning of the luminous angle and/or the receiving angle, and outputting the luminous angle, the receiving angle and the extreme value at the moment.
11. The multi-axis multi-mode based quantum scattered light distribution detector of claim 1, wherein:
the detection face comprises a detection window arranged on the support, and the detection window comprises an optical glass or transparent material sealing or material-free open window.
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