CN115341991A - High-dynamic-response gas fuel engine system and control method - Google Patents
High-dynamic-response gas fuel engine system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115341991A CN115341991A CN202210984924.4A CN202210984924A CN115341991A CN 115341991 A CN115341991 A CN 115341991A CN 202210984924 A CN202210984924 A CN 202210984924A CN 115341991 A CN115341991 A CN 115341991A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
- F02M21/0242—Shut-off valves; Check valves; Safety valves; Pressure relief valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Abstract
The invention discloses a high dynamic response gas fuel engine system and a control method, which relate to the technical field of engine control and solve the technical problem that the prior art can not solve the high response requirement of a gas fuel engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine control, in particular to a high-dynamic-response gas fuel engine system and a control method.
Background
The main power of inland rivers and offshore ships in China is mainly diesel engines, and NOx, SOx and particulate matters discharged by the inland rivers and offshore ships become one of the main pollution sources of rivers and surrounding ecological environments. Since 2021, 7 months later, the nation carries out emission restriction according to GB15097-2016 emission limit of exhaust pollutants of marine engines and measurement methods (first and second stages in China), namely C2, and the use of novel fuels such as LNG/CNG, gas, biogas and industrial tail gas instead of traditional diesel fuel has become the most realistic and effective scheme for reducing the emission of land/marine engines.
The dynamic response of the single-point injection after the gas pressurization is improved compared with the premixing before the pressurization, and compared with an air inlet manifold, the multi-point injection structure is simple, the cost is low, but the application of the direct-drive propeller of the gas fuel engine is not satisfactory especially under severe sea conditions. Similarly, in the field of marine generator sets and land generator sets in island modes, the requirement for dynamic response is high, and slightly inferior transient characteristics need to be further enhanced.
In the prior art, patent application document 202010931280.3 discloses a gas engine control method for power generation, which judges whether a gas engine for power generation is in a high-load state by obtaining working parameters of the gas engine for power generation, and adjusts the opening of an air inlet bypass valve. The present invention only addresses the stabilization of output power and rotational speed under high load conditions. Patent application document 201910942190.1 discloses a control method and device for a gas engine, and the technology is only online updating of air-fuel ratios of the gas engine under various working conditions, so that the applicable space range of the gas engine is widened, but the problem of high response requirement of a gas fuel engine cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and aims to provide a high-dynamic-response gas fuel engine system which can effectively solve the problem of high response requirement of a gas fuel engine.
The invention also aims to provide a control method of the high-dynamic-response gas fuel engine, which can effectively solve the problem of high response requirement of the gas fuel engine.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a high dynamic response gas fuel engine system, which comprises a controller, an engine connected with a generator, an air inlet pipeline and a gas pipeline, wherein the air inlet pipeline comprises an air inlet pipe connected with an air inlet main pipe of the engine, the air inlet pipe is sequentially provided with an air filter, a supercharger, an intercooler, a supercharging pressure sensor, a throttle valve, a mixer, an air inlet temperature sensor and an air inlet pressure sensor, the air inlet pipe is provided with a bypass pipe connected with the supercharger and the intercooler in parallel, the bypass pipe is provided with a gas compression bypass valve, the gas pipeline comprises a gas pipe connected with the mixer, the gas pipe is sequentially provided with a gas pressure sensor, a gas temperature sensor and a gas valve group, and the controller is electrically connected with the generator, the engine, the supercharging pressure sensor, the throttle valve, the air inlet temperature sensor, the air inlet pressure sensor, the gas compression bypass valve, the gas pressure sensor and the gas temperature sensor.
As a further improvement, the gas valve group consists of a plurality of small-flow gas injection valves.
In order to achieve the second objective, the invention provides a control method of a high dynamic response gas fuel engine, which comprises a feed-forward mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a plurality of sections of trigger thresholds, wherein each threshold section corresponds to a set value for enriching the mixed gas;
collecting a current signal or a voltage signal of the generator in real time;
judging a triggered threshold section according to the current signal or the voltage signal, and acquiring a mixed gas enrichment set value corresponding to the threshold section;
controlling the throttle valve to quickly reach an opening set point corresponding to the mixed gas enrichment set value according to the obtained mixed gas enrichment set value;
as a further improvement, the method further comprises an enhancement mode, specifically:
calibrating a reference rotating speed-gas cut-off speed difference curve according to the reference rotating speed and the gas cut-off speed difference corresponding to each working condition, calibrating the reference rotating speed-gas supply speed difference curve according to the reference rotating speed and the gas supply speed difference corresponding to each working condition, and calibrating a speed change gradient value;
acquiring the current working condition and the actually measured rotating speed of the engine, inquiring the reference rotating speed-air cut-off speed difference curve according to the current working condition to obtain the current reference rotating speed and the current air cut-off speed difference, and inquiring the reference rotating speed-air supply speed difference curve according to the current working condition to obtain the current air supply speed difference;
when the actually measured rotating speed is greater than the sum of the current reference rotating speed and the current gas cut-off speed difference, and the change rate of the actually measured rotating speed is greater than the speed change gradient value, judging that the engine is in a sudden load unloading state at present, activating a gas injection valve of the engine to cut off gas, and directly controlling the gas injection valve to cut off gas supply; meanwhile, the opening of the compressed air bypass valve is rapidly increased, even the compressed air bypass valve is fully opened, so that the pressure is rapidly reduced;
and when the actual measurement rotating speed is reduced to the sum of the current reference rotating speed and the current air supply speed difference, the gas supply of the gas injection valve is recovered, and the rotating speed of the engine is adjusted by controlling the gas injection valve to work through PID.
Further, an enhanced mode is also included, specifically:
calibrating the corresponding pre-acceleration set value according to different operation requirements;
before the sudden adding operation, the rotation speed of the engine is controlled to rise to a pre-rising speed set value corresponding to the operation, and then the engine starts to drive the generator to normally operate.
Further, when the engine is started, the controller calculates the gas injection quantity according to the calibrated starting air quantity and the set lambda, and determines the injection duration according to the flow characteristic of the gas injection valve;
when the pressure and the temperature of the fuel gas change, the controller obtains the required volume flow of the fuel gas according to the calculated fuel gas density, and controls the basic injection period of the fuel gas injection valve by combining the volume flow-injection time characteristic curve of the fuel gas injection valve.
Further, when the engine is warmed up in an idling state, the engine enters a PID speed regulation mode, the controller calculates the gas injection quantity according to the set rotating speed, and the injection duration is determined by combining the flow characteristic of the gas injection valve;
the number of the working gas injection valves can be reduced according to the pressure of gas, and the ignition advance angle is delayed or the forced lengthening duration of the air-fuel ratio is increased so as to avoid a nonlinear region or an injection valve opening control difference interval.
Further, when the engine enters a normal working condition after idling is finished, speed is continuously adjusted through PID, the number of the working gas injection valves is increased by the controller according to the load condition, closed-loop opening control is performed on the throttle valve according to the air-fuel ratio requirement, and closed-loop opening control is performed on the compressed air bypass valve according to the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the throttle valve.
Further, for the throttle speed regulation mode, when the engine is suddenly loaded, the controller adopts a mixed gas enrichment strategy on the basis of PID speed regulation, and the mixed gas enrichment strategy is as follows: the throttle valve quickly reaches an opening set point according to an opening-flow model, and the air quantity is accurately controlled to ensure the actual lambda following performance; the gas injection valve calculates the required gas quantity control injection duration according to the current air quantity, the equivalent air-fuel ratio and the excess air coefficient, and corrects the injection duration by combining the index of 'mixture enrichment'; meanwhile, the opening of the compressed air bypass valve is quickly reduced, even the valve is completely closed, so that the pressure of the air inlet main pipe is quickly built.
Further, the air path volume between the throttle valve and the cylinder head intake valve of the engine is acquired, and when controlling the air amount, the air path volume is superimposed on the calculated air amount to control the opening degree change of the throttle valve.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, intervention regulation is started when the current or voltage of the generator changes due to initial loading in a feedforward mode, and the rotating speed of the engine does not change at the moment, so that the method has the thought of advanced regulation, compensates the lag of passive regulation, and improves the dynamic responsiveness.
2. According to the invention, when the rotating speed of the engine is too high and changes rapidly in the gas-cut-off mode, the gas-cut-off mode activates the gas injection valve of the engine to cut off gas supply, and directly controls the gas injection valve to cut off gas supply; meanwhile, the opening of the air compression bypass valve is rapidly increased, even the air compression bypass valve is fully opened, so that the pressure is rapidly reduced, the rotating speed of the engine can be rapidly reduced, and the dynamic response is improved.
3. The invention controls the rotating speed of the engine to rise to the pre-rising speed set value corresponding to the operation before the sudden-adding operation through the enhancement mode, and then the engine starts to drive the generator to normally operate, so that the lower limit of the speed reduction of the engine is greatly improved, and the power supply quality of the generator set and the loading capacity under the condition of the same power supply quality are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: the system comprises a controller, a generator 2, an engine 3, an air inlet main pipe 4, an air inlet pipe 5, an air filter 6, a supercharger 7, an intercooler 8, a supercharging pressure sensor 9, a throttle 10, a mixer 11, an air inlet temperature sensor 12, an air inlet pressure sensor 13, a bypass pipe 14, a bypass air valve 15, a gas pipe 16, a gas pressure sensor 17, a gas temperature sensor 18 and a gas valve bank 19.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a high dynamic response gaseous fuel engine system includes a controller 1, an engine 3 connected to a generator 2. The engine system further comprises an air inlet pipeline and a gas pipeline, wherein the air inlet pipeline comprises an air inlet pipe 5 connected with an air inlet main pipe 4 of the engine 3, and the air inlet pipe 5 is sequentially provided with an air filter 6, a supercharger 7, an intercooler 8, a supercharging pressure sensor 9, a throttle valve 10, a mixer 11, an air inlet temperature sensor 12 and an air inlet pressure sensor 13. The intake pipe 5 is provided with a bypass pipe 14 connected in parallel with the supercharger 7 and the intercooler 8, and the bypass pipe 14 is provided with a compressor bypass valve 15. The gas pipeline comprises a gas pipe 16 connected with the mixer 11, and the gas pipe 16 is sequentially provided with a gas pressure sensor 17, a gas temperature sensor 18 and a gas valve group 19. The controller 1 is electrically connected with the generator 2, the engine 3, the supercharging pressure sensor 9, the throttle valve 10, the air inlet temperature sensor 12, the air inlet pressure sensor 13, the air compression bypass valve 15, the gas pressure sensor 17 and the gas temperature sensor 18. The supercharging pressure sensor 9 is used for detecting the air pressure at the front end of the throttle valve 10, the air inlet temperature sensor 12 is used for detecting the air inlet temperature, the air inlet pressure sensor 13 is used for detecting the air pressure at the rear end of the throttle valve 10, and the gas pressure sensor 17 and the gas temperature sensor 18 are respectively used for detecting the pressure and the temperature of gas. The controller 1 detects the phase of the engine 3 by a phase sensor 20 of the engine 3, and detects the rotation speed of the engine 3 by a rotation speed sensor 21 of the engine 3. The controller 1 is an ECU.
The gas valve group 19 is composed of a plurality of gas injection valves, and preferably, the gas valve group 19 is composed of a plurality of small-flow gas injection valves. The injection duration can be increased by adopting a mode of multiple small valves on the premise of meeting the gas flow, and the mixing uniformity of the mixed gas is improved. The gas pipeline is used for providing medium-pressure gas of 4-6 barg, and the gas pressure can be flexibly matched between 4-6 barg according to the dynamic response requirement of the engine.
The air compression bypass valve 15 is matched with the supercharger 7, so that the full-working-condition accurate adjustment can be completed, and the application range and the working efficient area of the supercharger 7 are improved. Under a steady-state working condition, the compressed air bypass valve 15 performs closed-loop control on the opening degree based on the rotating speed-torque percentage-differential pressure pulse spectrum (the pulse spectrum is calibrated in advance) and the differential pressure in front of and behind the throttle valve 10, so that the surge of the supercharger 7 under a high working condition can be avoided, and the supercharger 7 is maintained in a high-efficiency working area.
The throttle valve 10 is used to perform charge air flow rate control. In the throttle control mode, the throttle valve 10 changes the air amount in accordance with the ECU control function command operation, and further controls the fuel gas injection amount based on the air amount, the equivalent air-fuel ratio, and the excess air ratio. In the gas speed regulation mode, the ECU directly controls the injection quantity of the gas injection valve according to the change of the rotating speed, and further controls the air quantity based on the gas quantity, the equivalent air-fuel ratio and the excess air coefficient. The air amount control of the throttle valve is performed based on an opening-flow rate model of the throttle valve 10 (i.e., different openings correspond to different flow rates), and the ECU controls the opening of the throttle valve 10 based on the calculated air amount and the opening-flow rate model.
The intake manifold 4 may adopt a low flow resistance and small volume form to reduce the air intake resistance of the supercharger 7 and improve the intake efficiency. Meanwhile, the pressure build-up response speed is improved on the premise of ensuring controllable air inlet pulsation, and the dynamic response is enhanced.
A control method of a high dynamic response gas fuel engine comprises a feed-forward mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
setting multiple sections of trigger thresholds, such as a threshold 1, a threshold 2, a threshold … … and a threshold n, wherein each threshold section corresponds to a mixed gas enrichment set value, such as a mixed gas enrichment set value 1, a mixed gas enrichment set value 2, … … and a mixed gas enrichment set value n; the size of n can be set according to needs, and the threshold value of n configured into smaller segments can be increased to improve the control fineness;
collecting a current signal or a voltage signal of the generator 2 in real time; specifically, an external signal collected by an alternating current/direct current transducer is used as a trigger switch to activate a feedforward mode, and for a generator set, when high-power equipment is started, namely, load is suddenly added, the current of a generator 2 is increased, an induction signal of the transducer is increased, such as a current or voltage signal, and the induction signal is transmitted to an ECU of an engine;
judging a triggered threshold section according to the current signal or the voltage signal, and acquiring a mixed gas enrichment set value corresponding to the threshold section;
and controlling the throttle valve 10 to quickly reach an opening set point corresponding to the air mixture enrichment set value according to the acquired air mixture enrichment set value. For example, the 2-section threshold value section can meet the 2-level loading requirement of the marine unit. When the marine unit carries out sudden primary loading, the threshold value 1 is triggered, and the ECU carries out the enrichment treatment of the mixed gas, namely the gas supply is increased. And the ECU adopts PI control to adjust according to the set value 1 of the enrichment of the mixed gas, and increases PI adjustment according to the characteristics of the engine, so that the set value 1 of the enrichment of the mixed gas is quickly reached, and the control response is improved. When the marine unit carries out sudden-adding two-stage loading, the threshold value 2 is triggered, and the ECU carries out enrichment treatment according to the mixed gas enrichment set value 2. The smaller the trigger threshold setting, the more sensitive the reaction, and the calibration can be performed according to the characteristics of the engine. In this mode, the ECU is provided with a throttle sudden-increase opening setting value corresponding to the mixed gas enrichment setting value, and after triggering, the opening of the throttle valve 10 quickly reaches the setting value to build pressure on the intake manifold 4 in advance.
In the traditional technology, when load is suddenly added, the current of the generator 2 is increased to cause the voltage of the generator end to be reduced, the voltage regulating plate of the generator 2 carries out excitation voltage regulation, the magnetic moment is increased and is applied to the engine 3 to cause the rotating speed of the engine 3 to be reduced, the ECU speed regulating function is involved at the moment, the regulation is carried out according to the normal PID, the regulation based on the rotating speed of the engine belongs to passive regulation, and the reaction is delayed (lagged) compared with the rotating speed. The feedforward mode of the method is that intervention adjustment is started when the current of the generator changes due to initial loading, and the rotating speed of the engine does not change at the moment, so that the method has the thought of advanced regulation, compensates the lag of passive regulation, and improves the dynamic responsiveness.
The control method further comprises a gas cut-off mode, wherein a gas cut-off mode enabling switch is arranged in the mode, the gas cut-off mode enabling switch is set to be 1, then the function is activated, otherwise, the function is invalid, and the mode specifically comprises the following steps:
calibrating a reference rotating speed-air-off speed difference curve according to the reference rotating speed and the air-off speed difference corresponding to each working condition, calibrating the reference rotating speed-air supply speed difference curve according to the reference rotating speed and the air supply speed difference corresponding to each working condition, and calibrating a speed change gradient value;
acquiring the current working condition and the actually measured rotating speed of the engine 3, inquiring a reference rotating speed-air cut-off speed difference curve according to the current working condition to obtain the current reference rotating speed and the current air cut-off speed difference, and inquiring the reference rotating speed-air supply speed difference curve according to the current working condition to obtain the current air supply speed difference;
when the actually measured rotating speed is greater than the sum of the current reference rotating speed and the current air-cut-off speed difference, and the change rate of the actually measured rotating speed is greater than the speed change gradient value, judging that the engine is currently in a sudden unloading state, activating a gas injection valve of the engine to cut off air, and directly controlling the gas injection valve to cut off gas supply; meanwhile, the opening of the air compression bypass valve 15 is rapidly increased, and the air compression bypass valve is even fully opened so as to rapidly reduce the pressure; the cut-off response speed of the fuel gas injection valve is determined by a variable KI amplification coefficient, and the coefficient is completed by calibration;
when the measured rotating speed is reduced to the sum of the current reference rotating speed and the current air supply speed difference, the gas supply of the gas injection valve is recovered, and the rotating speed of the engine 3 is adjusted by controlling the gas injection valve to work through PID. The gas-cut-off mode is provided with an action delay variable, and the fuel cut-off and gas supply recovery of the gas injection valve act in a delay way according to the calibrated action.
The control method further comprises an enhancement mode, specifically:
calibrating corresponding pre-acceleration set values according to different operation requirements;
before the sudden-adding operation, the rotation speed of the engine 3 is controlled to be increased to a pre-increasing speed set value corresponding to the operation, and then the engine 3 starts to drive the generator 2 for normal operation. Specifically, when the high-power electric equipment starts to work, the 'enhanced start' button is pressed for starting, the ECU receives the 'enhanced start' signal, namely, the rotating speed of the engine 3 is controlled to be increased to a pre-speed-increasing set value, then the electric equipment is started, and the speed-reducing lower limit of the engine 3 is greatly increased. For the periodic operation, the trigger timing of the enhanced mode may be set. On the basis of the feedforward mode, the enhancement mode can further improve the power supply quality of the generator set and the loading capacity under the condition of the same power supply quality.
Furthermore, the corresponding delay set value and the pre-speed-raising slope are calibrated according to different operation requirements, and the power supply quality of the generator set and the operation speed requirements of the single engine project are met by calibrating the pre-speed-raising set value, the delay set value and the pre-speed-raising slope according to different operation requirements. The ECU receives the enhanced starting signal, namely controls the rotating speed of the engine 3 to rise to a pre-rising speed set value according to the pre-rising speed slope, and the electric equipment is started after the delay of a delay set value.
The control method further includes that when the engine 3 is started, the controller 1 calculates a gas injection amount based on a calibrated starting air amount and a set lambda (lambda is an injection coefficient), and determines an injection duration based on a flow characteristic of the gas injection valve;
when the pressure and the temperature of the fuel gas change, the controller 1 obtains the required volume flow of the fuel gas according to the calculated fuel gas density, and controls the basic injection period of the fuel gas injection valve by combining the volume flow-injection time characteristic curve of the fuel gas injection valve.
The control method further comprises the steps that when the engine 3 enters an idling state to be warmed up, a PID speed regulation mode is entered, the controller 1 calculates the fuel gas injection quantity according to the set rotating speed, and the injection duration is determined by combining the flow characteristic of the fuel gas injection valve;
the number of the working gas injection valves can be reduced according to the pressure of gas, and the ignition advance angle is delayed or the forced lengthening duration of the air-fuel ratio is increased so as to avoid a nonlinear region or an injection valve opening control difference interval.
The control method further comprises the steps that when the engine 3 enters a normal operation working condition after idling is finished, speed regulation is continuously carried out through PID, the number of the working gas injection valves is increased by the controller 1 according to the load condition, even all the gas injection valves work, closed-loop opening control is carried out on the throttle valve 10 according to the air-fuel ratio requirement, and closed-loop opening control is carried out on the compressed air bypass valve 15 according to the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the throttle valve 10.
For the throttle governing mode, when the engine 3 is suddenly loaded, the controller 1 adopts a mixed gas enrichment strategy based on the PID governing, and the mixed gas enrichment strategy is as follows: the throttle valve 10 quickly reaches an opening set point according to an opening-flow model, and the air quantity is accurately controlled to ensure the actual lambda following performance; the gas injection valve calculates the required gas quantity control injection duration according to the current air quantity, the equivalent air-fuel ratio and the excess air coefficient, and corrects the injection duration by combining the index of 'mixture enrichment'; meanwhile, the opening of the compressed air bypass valve 15 is rapidly reduced, even the valve is completely closed, so that the pressure of the air inlet main pipe 4 is rapidly built.
The control method further comprises the steps of obtaining the volume of an air path between the throttle valve 10 and an air inlet valve of a cylinder cover of the engine 3, when the air quantity is controlled, superposing the volume of the air path on the basis of calculating the air quantity, realizing volume compensation of an air inlet pipe behind the throttle valve so as to control the opening change of the throttle valve 10, and meanwhile, quickly reducing the opening or even completely closing the air inlet pipe 15 to quickly build pressure of the air inlet header pipe 4, so that the air inlet quantity can be more accurate. Specifically, when the generator set is loaded suddenly, the ECU adopts a mixed gas enrichment strategy on the basis of PID speed regulation, and the throttle valve 10 combines an opening-flow model and the volume compensation of a rear air inlet pipe of the throttle valve according to the PID result to quickly reach the opening set point of the throttle valve and accurately control the air quantity to ensure the following performance of the actual air-fuel ratio. And the gas injection valve calculates the required gas quantity control injection duration according to the current air quantity, the equivalent air-fuel ratio and the excess air coefficient. And correcting the injection duration by combining the mixture enrichment index.
The opening-flow model is mainly used for calibrating a throttle opening-flow area curve according to the precise air flow meter and calculating the air flow by combining each correlation coefficient, so that the calculated air quantity is close to or even consistent with the actually measured air quantity under each working condition. By setting a load-throttle change rate curve, when the actual change rate of the throttle 10 is greater than the corresponding change rate threshold under the current load (the load-throttle change rate curve is queried according to the load to obtain the change rate threshold), the air intake of the engine uses an opening-flow model to calculate the air quantity, so as to ensure the accuracy of the transient air quantity, and the throttle 10 can rapidly position the throttle opening according to the throttle opening-flow area curve (that is, different throttle openings correspond to different flow areas).
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high dynamic response gaseous fuel engine system, includes controller (1), connects engine (3) of generator (2), its characterized in that still includes air inlet pipeline, gas line, air inlet pipeline is including connecting intake pipe (5) of air intake manifold (4) of engine (3), intake pipe (5) are equipped with in proper order air filter (6), booster (7), intercooler (8), pressure boost pressure sensor (9), throttle valve (10), blender (11), temperature sensor (12), pressure sensor (13) admits air, intake pipe (5) be equipped with bypass pipe (14) parallelly connected with booster (7), intercooler (8), bypass pipe (14) are equipped with compressor bypass valve (15), the gas line is including connecting gas pipe (16) of blender (11), gas pipe (16) are equipped with in proper order gas pressure sensor (17), gas temperature sensor (18), gas valves (19), controller (1) electric connection generator (2), engine (3), pressure boost pressure sensor (9), admit air temperature sensor (12), pressure sensor (13), throttle valve (13) admit air, A gas pressure sensor (17) and a gas temperature sensor (18).
2. A high dynamic response gaseous fuel engine system according to claim 1, characterized in that said gas valve group (19) is composed of a plurality of low flow gas injection valves.
3. A control method for a high dynamic response gas fuel engine is characterized by comprising a feed-forward mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a plurality of sections of trigger thresholds, wherein each threshold section corresponds to a set value for enriching the mixed gas;
collecting current signals or voltage signals of the generator (2) in real time;
judging a triggered threshold section according to the current signal or the voltage signal, and acquiring a mixed gas enrichment set value corresponding to the threshold section;
and controlling the throttle valve (10) to quickly reach an opening set point corresponding to the air mixture enrichment set value according to the acquired air mixture enrichment set value.
4. A control method for a gaseous fuel engine with high dynamic response according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a gas cut-off mode, in particular:
calibrating a reference rotating speed-gas cut-off speed difference curve according to the reference rotating speed and the gas cut-off speed difference corresponding to each working condition, calibrating the reference rotating speed-gas supply speed difference curve according to the reference rotating speed and the gas supply speed difference corresponding to each working condition, and calibrating a speed change gradient value;
acquiring the current working condition and the actually measured rotating speed of the engine (3), inquiring the reference rotating speed-air cut-off speed difference curve according to the current working condition to obtain the current reference rotating speed and the current air cut-off speed difference, and inquiring the reference rotating speed-air supply speed difference curve according to the current working condition to obtain the current air supply speed difference;
when the actually measured rotating speed is greater than the sum of the current reference rotating speed and the current air-cut-off speed difference, and the change rate of the actually measured rotating speed is greater than the speed change gradient value, judging that the engine is currently in a sudden unloading state, activating a gas injection valve of the engine to cut off air, and directly controlling the gas injection valve to cut off gas supply; meanwhile, the opening of the air compression bypass valve (15) is rapidly increased, even the air compression bypass valve is fully opened, so that the pressure is rapidly reduced;
and when the actual measurement rotating speed is reduced to the sum of the current reference rotating speed and the current air supply speed difference, the gas supply of the gas injection valve is recovered, and the rotating speed of the engine (3) is adjusted by controlling the gas injection valve to work through PID.
5. A high dynamic response gaseous fuel engine control method according to claim 3, further comprising an enhancement mode, in particular:
calibrating corresponding pre-acceleration set values according to different operation requirements;
before the sudden adding operation, the rotating speed of the engine (3) is controlled to be increased to a pre-increasing speed set value corresponding to the operation, and then the engine (3) starts to drive the generator (2) to normally operate.
6. A high dynamic response gaseous fuel engine control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, when the engine (3) is started, the controller (1) calculates the gas injection amount based on the calibrated starting air amount and the setting λ, determines the injection duration based on the flow characteristic of the gas injection valve;
when the pressure and the temperature of the fuel gas change, the controller (1) obtains the required volume flow of the fuel gas according to the calculated fuel gas density, and controls the basic injection period of the fuel gas injection valve by combining the volume flow-injection time characteristic curve of the fuel gas injection valve.
7. The control method of the high dynamic response gas fuel engine is characterized in that when the engine (3) enters an idling state for warming up, a PID speed regulation mode is entered, the controller (1) calculates the gas injection quantity according to the set rotating speed, and the injection duration is determined by combining the flow characteristic of a gas injection valve;
the number of the working gas injection valves can be reduced according to the pressure of gas, and the ignition advance angle is delayed or the forced lengthening duration of the air-fuel ratio is increased so as to avoid a nonlinear region or an injection valve opening control difference interval.
8. The control method of the high dynamic response gas fuel engine is characterized in that when the engine (3) enters a normal working condition after idling is finished, speed regulation is continuously performed through PID, the controller (1) increases the number of the working gas injection valves according to the load condition, closed-loop opening control is performed on the throttle valve (10) according to the air-fuel ratio requirement, and closed-loop opening control is performed on the compressed gas bypass valve (15) according to the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the throttle valve (10).
9. A high dynamic response gaseous fuel engine control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, for the throttle governing mode, when the engine (3) is suddenly loaded, the controller (1) adopts a mixture enrichment strategy based on the PID governing, the mixture enrichment strategy being: the throttle valve (10) quickly reaches an opening set point according to an opening-flow model, and the air quantity is accurately controlled to ensure the actual lambda following performance; the gas injection valve calculates the required gas quantity control injection duration according to the current air quantity, the equivalent air-fuel ratio and the excess air coefficient, and corrects the injection duration by combining the index of 'mixture enrichment'; meanwhile, the opening of the compressed air bypass valve (15) is rapidly reduced, even the valve is closed completely, so that the pressure of the air inlet main pipe (4) is rapidly built.
10. A highly dynamic response gas fueled engine control method according to claim 3, wherein a gas path volume between the throttle valve (10) and a cylinder head intake valve of the engine (3) is obtained, and when controlling the air amount, the gas path volume is superimposed on the calculated air amount to control the opening degree change of the throttle valve (10).
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| US20090107455A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Engine Idle Speed and Turbocharger Speed Control |
| CN105298664A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 山东大学 | System for controlling air-fuel ratio of biogas internal combustion generating set and control method of system |
| CN113217180A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-06 | 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 | Low-emission high-speed high-power marine gas engine system and control method |
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2022
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10339197A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-12-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Revolution speed controller of internal combustion engine |
| US20090107455A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Engine Idle Speed and Turbocharger Speed Control |
| CN105298664A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 山东大学 | System for controlling air-fuel ratio of biogas internal combustion generating set and control method of system |
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