CN115338688A

CN115338688A - Automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining spherical hole of pressure plate on lathe

Info

Publication number: CN115338688A
Application number: CN202210926747.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐明俊; 裴小梅; 王广南; 刘志强; 夏海友; 徐友生
Original assignee: Wuxi L&r Precision Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuxi L&r Precision Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-03
Filing date: 2022-08-03
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-03
Also published as: CN115338688B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining a spherical hole of a pressure plate by a lathe, which comprises a bottom plate, a shifting fork wheel and an indexing plate, wherein the shifting fork wheel is arranged on the bottom plate; the shifting fork wheel and the index plate are both rotatably arranged on the bottom plate; the dividing plate is of an annular structure; a waist-shaped groove is formed in the inner side of the dividing disc along the radial direction; a cylindrical pin is connected and arranged on the shifting fork wheel; the rotating track of the cylindrical pin is intersected with the waist-shaped groove; a plurality of waist-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the dividing plate in the circumferential direction; the cylindrical pin pushes away the current waist-shaped groove in the rotation process, and the adjacent waist-shaped grooves close to the current waist-shaped groove are pushed to the initial position of the cylindrical pin; the driving force of graduated disk motion comes from the declutch shift wheel, and the waist type groove is stirred and then is driven the graduated disk rotation in the cylindric lock on the declutch shift wheel is rotatory, has realized accurate graduation action to can adapt to conventional lathe processing gyration class structure, efficiency is compared and is showing the improvement in the machining center who adopts special cutter.

Description

Automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining spherical hole of pressure plate on lathe

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pressure plate machining, in particular to an automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining a spherical surface hole of a pressure plate by a lathe.

Background

The spherical holes uniformly distributed on the nine-hole pressure plate are special in shape and structure, the precision requirement is relatively high, and in order to guarantee the form and position tolerance requirement of a product, a special spherical forming milling cutter with a corresponding size needs to be ordered to be used in a machining center. The form milling cutter is expensive and consumes very quickly, so that the investment in the cost of the cutter is significantly increased. If the common tool is adopted to machine on a numerical control lathe, the machining work of only one spherical hole can be completed by clamping once, so that the working strength is high, the efficiency is low, and the precision stability is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining the spherical hole of the pressure plate by the lathe, which has high machining efficiency and low tool loss cost.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining the spherical surface hole of the pressure plate by the lathe comprises a bottom plate, a shifting fork wheel and an indexing plate; the shifting fork wheel and the index plate are both rotatably arranged on the bottom plate; the dividing plate is of an annular structure; a waist-shaped groove is formed in the inner side of the dividing disc along the radial direction; the shifting fork wheel is connected with a cylindrical pin; the rotating track of the cylindrical pin is intersected with the waist-shaped groove; the kidney-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the dividing plate in the circumferential direction; the cylindrical pin pushes away the current kidney-shaped groove in the rotation process, and shifts the adjacent kidney-shaped groove close to the current kidney-shaped groove to the initial position of the cylindrical pin.

Further, the number of the waist-shaped grooves is 9.

Furthermore, a reciprocating driving block is also arranged on the bottom plate; the driving block is rotatably provided with a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the driving block, is rotatably sleeved on the cylindrical pin; the driving block drives the cylindrical pin to rotate for one circle in the reciprocating movement.

Further, a stud fixing seat is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate; the stud fixing seat is connected with a stud; the driving block is movably sleeved on the stud; the double-end stud is also sleeved with a second spring; the second spring is positioned between the stud fixing seat and the driving block; and when the driving block moves close to the stud fixing seat, the compressed second spring pushes the driving block to return to the initial position.

Further, a main shaft is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate; one end of the main shaft is connected with the index plate, and the other end of the main shaft penetrates through the bottom plate to be connected with a limiting nut; a first spring is sleeved at the shaft neck of the main shaft; the first spring is tightly pressed on the bottom plate and drives the main shaft to drive the index plate to move towards the direction far away from the bottom plate; the bottom plate is also provided with a corner oil cylinder; the movable end of the corner oil cylinder is connected with a pressing plate; the pressing direction of the pressing plate points to the position of the index plate.

Furthermore, the surface of the indexing plate is provided with an indexing plate positioning panel in a fitting connection manner; a pressure plate to be processed is attached to the index plate positioning panel; the pressing plate is in pressing contact with the edge of the pressing plate to be processed.

Furthermore, the corner oil cylinders and the pressing plate are symmetrically provided with a plurality of groups relative to the center of the rotating shaft of the main shaft.

Furthermore, the device also comprises an auxiliary positioning device; the auxiliary positioning device comprises a telescopic rod; the telescopic rod is positioned on one side of the dividing plate back to the bottom plate; the movable end of the telescopic rod is connected with a limiting column; the extension direction of the telescopic rod points to the waist-shaped groove; the limiting column is inserted into the waist-shaped groove in a matched and embedded mode to limit the rotation of the dividing plate; the section of the limiting column gradually shrinks along the direction far away from the telescopic rod; the middle section part of the limiting column is matched and clamped with the inner edge of the waist-shaped groove.

Furthermore, the auxiliary positioning device also comprises an electromagnetic adsorption block and a binding plate; the attaching plate is connected and arranged on one side of the driving block, which is back to the stud fixing seat; the electromagnetic adsorption block is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; when the driving block is at the initial position, the electromagnetic adsorption block is attached to the attachment plate.

Furthermore, the working method of the automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining the spherical surface hole of the pressure plate by the lathe is characterized in that the indexing disc is horizontally arranged, the pressure plate and the auxiliary positioning device are loosened during indexing operation, the indexing disc moves upwards under the action of the first spring, and the main shaft can freely rotate in the first shaft sleeve; toothed waist-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the index plate, a first cylindrical pin arranged on the surface of the shifting fork wheel plate in a compressed state is embedded into the bottom of the waist-shaped grooves, the first cylindrical pin can rotate in a fourth shaft sleeve fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and a hole at the other end of the connecting rod can rotate around the third shaft sleeve arranged on a driving block; the driving block is subjected to a thrust force along the radial direction of the bottom plate to enable the shifting fork wheel to rotate clockwise by 180 degrees, then the thrust force is cancelled, and the shifting fork wheel continues to rotate clockwise by 180 degrees under the action of a second spring arranged on the two double-end studs and returns to the initial position; at this point, the shifting fork wheel drives the index plate to rotate through the included angle between two adjacent waist-shaped grooves, and one indexing action is completed.

Has the advantages that: (1) The invention relates to an automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining a spherical hole of a pressure plate by a lathe, which comprises a bottom plate, a shifting fork wheel and an indexing plate; the shifting fork wheel and the index plate are both rotatably arranged on the bottom plate; the dividing plate is of an annular structure; a waist-shaped groove is formed in the inner side of the dividing disc along the radial direction; a cylindrical pin is connected and arranged on the shifting fork wheel; the rotating track of the cylindrical pin is intersected with the waist-shaped groove; a plurality of waist-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the dividing plate in the circumferential direction; the cylindrical pin pushes away the current waist-shaped groove in the rotation process, and shifts the adjacent waist-shaped groove to the initial position of the cylindrical pin; the driving force of the indexing disc movement comes from the shifting fork wheel, and the cylindrical pin on the shifting fork wheel shifts the waist-shaped groove in the rotation process to drive the indexing disc to rotate, so that accurate indexing action is realized, the rotary structure can be machined by a cutter of a conventional lathe, the efficiency is obviously improved compared with a machining center adopting a special cutter, and the cost of the cutter and the cost of the machine tool are effectively controlled; (2) According to the automatic indexing hydraulic tool for machining the spherical hole of the pressure plate by the lathe, the bottom plate is also provided with the reciprocating driving block; the driving block is rotatably provided with a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the driving block, is rotatably sleeved on the cylindrical pin; the driving block drives the cylindrical pin to rotate for a circle in the reciprocating movement; the rotating period of the shifting fork wheel is converted into a period of one-time reciprocating movement through the transmission action of the connecting rod, the operation and the control are easier to master, the precision is higher, and the indexing action execution stability is obviously improved; (3) a main shaft is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate; one end of the main shaft is connected with the index plate, and the other end of the main shaft penetrates through the bottom plate and is connected with the limiting nut; a first spring is sleeved at the shaft neck of the main shaft; the first spring is tightly pressed on the bottom plate, and the driving main shaft drives the dividing plate to move towards the direction far away from the bottom plate; the bottom plate is also provided with a corner oil cylinder; the movable end of the corner oil cylinder is connected with a pressing plate; the pressing path of the pressing plate points to the position of the dividing disc; the first spring can push the dividing plate away from the bottom plate, so that the direction can be adjusted by rotation to realize dividing action; after the indexing action is finished, the pressing plate applies pressing force to the indexing plate again, and the indexing plate is fixed at the moment, so that the cutter can conveniently process the pressing plate to be processed on the indexing plate; the first spring enables the indexing action after the limit of the withdrawing indexing disc to be connected more continuously, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic indexing hydraulic tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a platen to be processed according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the automatic indexing hydraulic tool of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the invention of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the compression system of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position of the telescoping rod of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the engagement of the post and the kidney slot of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic position diagram of the electromagnetic absorption block of the present invention.

The various reference numbers in the figures are:

1. the device comprises a driving block, 2, a pin shaft, 3, a first retainer ring, 4, a first self-locking nut, 5, a connecting rod, 51, a fourth shaft sleeve, 6, a shifting fork wheel, 61, a first cylindrical pin, 7, a first inner hexagonal socket head screw, 8, a second retainer ring, 9, a main shaft, 10, a first spring, 11, a positioning pin, 12, a pressure plate to be processed, 13, a positioning panel of the index plate, 14, the index plate, 141, a waist-shaped groove, 15, a first diamond-shaped pin, 16, a second diamond-shaped pin, 17, a pressure plate, 18, a second inner hexagonal socket head screw, 19, a corner oil cylinder, 20, a supporting block, 21, a first shaft sleeve, 22, a second shaft sleeve, 23 and a stud fixing seat, 24, a second cylindrical pin, 25, a stud, 26, a second spring, 27, a third shaft sleeve, 28, a bottom plate, 29, a third inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw, 30, an auxiliary positioning device, 301, a telescopic rod, 302, a limiting column, 303, an electromagnetic adsorption block, 304, a laminating plate, A1, an oil pool, A2, an oil filter, A3, an oil return filter, A4, a quantitative hydraulic pump, A5, a motor, A6, a pressure gauge, A7, an overflow valve, A8, a one-way valve, A9, a pressure relay, A10, an energy accumulator, A11, an electromagnetic reversing valve, A12, a first oil cylinder, A13, a second oil cylinder, A14 and a third oil cylinder.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of the spherical hole of the pressure plate comprises a bottom plate 28, a shifting fork wheel 6 and an index plate 14; the shifting fork wheel 6 and the indexing disc 14 are both rotatably arranged on the bottom plate 28; the dividing plate 14 is of an annular structure; a waist-shaped groove 141 is radially formed in the inner side of the dividing disc 14; the shifting fork wheel 6 is connected with a cylindrical pin 61; the rotation track of the cylindrical pin 61 intersects with the waist-shaped groove 141; a plurality of the waist-shaped grooves 141 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the index plate 14; the cylindrical pin 61 pushes away the current waist groove 141 during rotation and shifts the adjacent waist groove 141 to its initial position.

The bottom plate 28 is an installation foundation of the whole tool, other components are assembled and arranged by taking the bottom plate as a base body, and the bottom plate 28 can be fixed with a machine table and a base on a production field so as to be matched with other production processes; specifically, the driving force for the movement of the indexing disc 14 comes from the shifting fork wheel 6, and the cylindrical pin 61 on the shifting fork wheel 6 shifts the waist-shaped groove 141 in the rotation process so as to drive the indexing disc 14 to rotate; the driving action is divided into two stages, namely a front-stage pushing stage and a rear-stage drawing-in stage, the front-stage pushing stage is a process that the cylindrical pin 61 pushes the currently corresponding waist-shaped groove 141 towards the rotating direction of the dividing disc 14, the rear-stage drawing-in stage is a process that the cylindrical pin 61 rotates for half a circle and then is matched with the adjacent waist-shaped groove 141, and the cylindrical pin 61 is drawn to the initial position of the previous waist-shaped groove 141 in subsequent rotation, so that one-time accurate indexing action is realized, the rotary structure can be machined by the tool of the conventional lathe, and the efficiency is obviously improved compared with a machining center adopting a special tool.

The number of the waist grooves 141 is 9.

In practical design, the size of the angle of one indexing depends on the matching relationship between the size of the rotation track of the cylindrical pin 61 and the distribution position of the waist-shaped grooves 141, and as shown in fig. 1, if the angle of each indexing action is increased, the size of the fork wheel 6 can be increased, the rotation radius of the cylindrical pin 61 is correspondingly increased, and the distribution density, the opening size and the depth of the waist-shaped grooves 141 are adjusted; the platen used in the market is typically six or nine holes, and the platen 12 to be machined is shown in figure 2 as a nine hole pattern.

The bottom plate 28 is also provided with a reciprocating driving block 1; a connecting rod 5 is rotatably arranged on the driving block 1; one end of the connecting rod 5, which is far away from the driving block 1, is rotatably sleeved on the cylindrical pin 61; the driving block 1 drives the cylindrical pin 61 to rotate for one circle in the reciprocating movement.

The driving block 1 can provide power through parts such as a telescopic oil cylinder and the like, the rotating period of the shifting fork wheel 6 is converted into a period of one-time reciprocating movement through the transmission action of the connecting rod 5, the operation and control are easier to master, the precision is higher, and the indexing action execution stability is obviously improved.

The bottom plate 28 is fixedly provided with a stud fixing seat 23; the stud fixing seat 23 is connected with a stud 25; the driving block 1 is movably sleeved on the stud bolt 25; the stud 25 is also sleeved with a second spring 26; the second spring 26 is positioned between the stud fixing seat 23 and the driving block 1; when the driving block 1 moves close to the stud fixing seat 23, the compressed second spring 26 pushes the driving block 1 to return to the initial position.

Stud 25 plays a sliding guide's effect to let the motion stability of drive block 1 further strengthen, simultaneously, the thrust that applys drive block 1 only need guarantee its one-way removal can, after reaching the stroke extreme point position, compressed second spring 26 will extend again and push back initial position drive block 1, thereby let the reciprocating cycle of drive block 1 switch and link up more high-efficient.

A main shaft 9 is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate 28; one end of the main shaft 9 is connected with the index plate 14, and the other end of the main shaft passes through the bottom plate 28 and is connected with a limit nut; a first spring 10 is sleeved at the shaft neck of the main shaft 9; the first spring 10 is tightly pressed on the bottom plate 28, and drives the main shaft 9 to drive the indexing disc 14 to move in a direction away from the bottom plate 28; the bottom plate 28 is also provided with a corner oil cylinder 19; the movable end of the corner oil cylinder 19 is connected with a pressing plate 17; the pressing direction of the pressing plate 17 is directed to the position of the index plate 14.

The indexing disc 14 is rotated by a main shaft 9, and the main shaft 9 is matched with a first shaft sleeve 21 in a hole position of a bottom plate 28; the main shaft 9 can slide along the length direction thereof, the sliding stroke end point at one end of the main shaft corresponds to the position of the index plate 14 jointed with the supporting block 20 on the bottom plate 28, and the sliding stroke end point at the other end corresponds to the position of the limiting nut clamped on the back of the bottom plate 28; when no pressing force is exerted on the indexing disc 14 by the pressing plate 17, the first spring 10 can push the indexing disc 14 away from the bottom plate 28, so that the indexing action can be realized by rotating and adjusting the orientation; after the indexing action is completed, the pressing plate 17 applies a pressing force to the index plate 14 again, and the index plate 14 is fixed at this time, so that the tool can process the platen 12 to be processed on the index plate 14 conveniently.

The surface of the dividing plate 14 is provided with a dividing plate positioning panel 13 in a fitting and connecting manner; a pressure plate 12 to be processed is attached to the index plate positioning panel 13; the pressing plate 17 is in press contact with the edge of the platen 12 to be processed.

The index plate positioning panel 13 realizes stable connection and synchronous rotation of the index plate and the index plate through a pin-hole matching mode; the pressure plate 12 to be processed and the index plate positioning panel 13 are connected through a diamond pin structure; the pressing plate 17 presses only the edge portion of the platen 12 to be processed, thereby avoiding interference with the tool.

The corner oil cylinders 19 and the pressure plate 17 are symmetrically provided with a plurality of groups around the center of the rotating shaft of the main shaft 9.

As shown in fig. 1, the combination of the corner cylinder 19 and the platen 17 is provided with 3 sets, so that the positioning effect on the platen 12 to be processed can be greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 6-7, the indexing hydraulic tool further comprises an auxiliary positioning device 30; the auxiliary positioning device 30 comprises a telescopic rod 301; the telescopic rod 301 is located on one side of the dividing plate 14, which is opposite to the bottom plate 28; the movable end of the telescopic rod 301 is connected with a limiting column 302; the extension direction of the telescopic rod 301 points to the waist-shaped groove 141; the limiting column 302 is inserted into the waist-shaped groove 141 in a matching manner, so that the rotation of the dividing plate 14 is limited; the cross section of the limiting column 302 gradually shrinks along the direction far away from the telescopic rod 301; the middle section of the limiting column 302 is matched and clamped with the inner edge of the waist-shaped groove 141.

The auxiliary positioning device 30 is used for matching with the pressure plate 17 driven by the corner oil cylinder 19, so that the stability of the indexing hydraulic tool in a static state after the indexing action is finished is further improved; specifically, the auxiliary positioning device 30 is matched with the waist-shaped groove 141 through the telescopically adjustable limiting column 302, and can be clamped inside the waist-shaped groove 141 to serve as limiting, so as to restrict the rotational degree of freedom of the dividing plate 14; the limiting column 302 is of a circular truncated cone structure with a variable cross section, and when the tail end of the limiting column penetrates through the waist-shaped groove 141, the limiting column can be spliced and smoothly pass through one end with a smaller cross section, so that the matching precision requirement is remarkably reduced, and the execution efficiency of limiting action is improved; when the limiting column 302 is further inserted into the waist-shaped groove 141, the cross section of the middle section of the limiting column is matched with the internal width of the waist-shaped groove 141, so that the waist-shaped groove 141 is firmly clamped at the position; because the cross section of the limiting column 302 changes along the length direction, when the inner edge of the waist-shaped groove 141 or the surface of the limiting column 302 is abraded, the inner edge and the surface can still reach a firm clamping state at other positions, the problems of weakening and loosening of limiting effect and the like caused by abrasion of parts are effectively solved, and the working stability is remarkably improved.

As shown in fig. 8, the auxiliary positioning device 30 further includes an electromagnetic absorption block 303 and a fitting plate 304; the attaching plate 304 is connected and arranged on one side of the driving block 1, which is back to the stud fixing seat 23; the electromagnetic adsorption block 303 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 28; when the driving block 1 is at the initial position, the electromagnetic absorption block 303 is attached to the attachment plate 304.

Electromagnetic adsorption piece 303's effect lies in, but through supporting the laminating board 304 of making with magnetic adsorption materials such as stainless steel mutually, provide external force at driving block 1 return stroke end and assist, just so can effectively overcome the problem that second spring 26 in extension in-process thrust weakens gradually, let driving block 1 once reciprocating motion's overall speed further promote, a restraint power has also been applyed for driving block 1 on the static position simultaneously, it is static to be favorable to promoting graduated disk 14's positional stability by fixed driving block 1 with the help of connecting rod 5's relation of connection control fork wheel 6, thereby let wait to process pressure disk 12 position more firm in punching, final machining precision is higher.

The main working principle of the automatic indexing mechanism is as follows: the dividing disc 14 is horizontally arranged, the pressing plate 17 and the auxiliary positioning device 30 are loosened during dividing operation, the dividing disc 14 moves upwards under the action of the first spring 10, and the main shaft 9 can freely rotate in the first shaft sleeve 21; toothed kidney-shaped grooves 141 are uniformly distributed on the index plate 14, a first cylindrical pin 61 arranged on the plate surface of the shifting fork wheel 6 in a pressing state is embedded at the bottom of the kidney-shaped grooves, the first cylindrical pin 61 can rotate in a fourth shaft sleeve 51 fixedly connected with the connecting rod 5, and a hole at the other end of the connecting rod 5 can rotate around a third shaft sleeve 27 arranged on the driving block 1; the driving block 1 is subjected to a thrust in the radial direction of the bottom plate 28, as indicated by the arrow in fig. 8, which makes the fork wheel 6 turn clockwise through 180 °, then the thrust is removed, and the fork wheel 6 continues to turn clockwise through 180 ° under the action of the second spring 26 provided on the two studs 25, returning to the initial position; at this point, the fork wheel 6 drives the index plate to rotate through the included angle between two adjacent waist-shaped grooves 141, and one indexing action is completed.

From the whole view of this automatic graduation hydraulic pressure frock, this frock mainly divide into the triplex: the automatic indexing mechanism, the positioning device and the hydraulic pressing system. The advantages are that: firstly, a lathe is selected to process a rotary structure, and the efficiency is certainly higher than that of a processing center. Secondly, the parts to be machined are assembled and disassembled at one time, manual intervention is not needed in the machining process, and the indexing, positioning, clamping and turning operations of the parts are automatically completed in the whole process by matching of a numerical control system and a hydraulic system. And thirdly, the turning tool is relatively low in price, the service life of the turning tool is longer than that of a forming tool, and the cost of the tool is greatly reduced.

The positioning device comprises a positioning structure of the index plate 14 in the tool and a positioning mechanism of the pressure plate 12 to be processed on the tool, besides the auxiliary positioning device 30. The bottom surface of the indexing disc positioning panel 13 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the indexing disc 14, and is positioned by two second cylindrical pins 24 and is tightly connected with three M4 x 10-sized third inner hexagonal cylindrical head screws 29. In a workpiece pressing state, the indexing disc 14 is limited to be positioned completely by six degrees of freedom, and the bottom surface of the indexing disc 14 is in three-point contact with the three supporting blocks 20 arranged on the bottom plate 28 to limit three degrees of freedom; the outer diameter of the step part of the main shaft 9 and the inner diameter of the step hole of the bottom plate 28 are precisely positioned by adopting small interference in a sliding fit manner, and the central hole of the dividing plate 14 and the main shaft 9 are precisely positioned by adopting small interference in a fit manner, so that two degrees of freedom are limited; the pin holes in the indexing disk 14 are clearance fit with the second diamond-shaped pins 16 disposed on top of a support block 20, limiting one degree of freedom. The platen 12 to be processed also adopts a complete positioning mode of one surface and two pins: the bottom surface of the pressure plate 12 to be processed is contacted with an index plate positioning panel 13, a center hole of the pressure plate is in clearance fit with a positioning pin 11 arranged at the center of the index plate positioning panel 13, and a pin hole is in clearance fit with a first diamond pin 15 arranged on the index plate positioning panel 13.

A hydraulic compacting system. In order to ensure that the turning process does not need manual participation in actions except feeding and discharging, a hydraulic pressing system is adopted. As shown in fig. 1, three corner cylinders 19 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the index plate 14, and each corner cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 28 by four second hexagon socket head cap screws 18 of M5 × 25 standard. The pressure plate 17 is arranged at the top end of a piston rod of the corner oil cylinder 19. Referring to fig. 5, a fixed-displacement hydraulic pump A4 sucks oil from an oil pool A1, hydraulic oil is supplied to a hydraulic system through an oil suction oil filter A2 and a check valve A8, and the check valve A8 protects the pressure night pump A4 from being accidentally damaged. When the electromagnet on the right side of the electromagnetic directional valve A11 is electrified, hydraulic oil enters upper cavities of a first oil cylinder A12, a second oil cylinder A13 and a third oil cylinder A14, the piston moves downwards to clamp a workpiece, the energy accumulator A10 is filled with oil, the oil pressure is increased to a fixed value, the pumped oil flows back to an oil pool A1 through an overflow valve A7, and the pressure of a hydraulic oil circuit is displayed by a pressure gauge A6. After the pressure becomes constant, the pressure relay A9 operates to cut off the electric circuit of the electric motor A5 to stop the operation of the hydraulic pump A4, and the oil line pressure is held by the accumulator a 10. When the pressure is lower than the predetermined pressure, the pressure relay A9 turns on the electric motor A5 circuit, and the hydraulic pump A4 starts to supply oil. The numerical control system and the hydraulic system are interlocked to act, and when the pressing force of the hydraulic system reaches a fixed value, the pressure relay A9 sends a signal to inform the numerical control system to execute the machining action. After a spherical hole is machined, the electromagnet on the left side of the electromagnetic directional valve A11 is electrified, hydraulic oil enters the lower cavities of the first oil cylinder A12, the second oil cylinder A13 and the third oil cylinder A14, the hydraulic oil in the upper cavities of the first oil cylinder A12, the second oil cylinder A13 and the third oil cylinder A14 returns to an oil pool through the oil return oil filter A3, the piston moves upwards to drive the pressing plate 17 to loosen a workpiece, and the numerical control system drives the indexing mechanism to move to complete indexing work. The above procedures are executed in a circulating manner until the tool finishes machining all the spherical holes on the platen 12 to be machined.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A automatic graduation hydraulic fixture for lathe processing pressure disk spherical hole, its characterized in that: comprises a bottom plate (28), a shifting fork wheel (6) and an index plate (14); the shifting fork wheel (6) and the dividing disc (14) are both rotatably arranged on the bottom plate (28); the dividing plate (14) is of an annular structure; a waist-shaped groove (141) is formed in the inner side of the dividing disc (14) along the radial direction; a cylindrical pin (61) is connected and arranged on the shifting fork wheel (6); the rotating track of the cylindrical pin (61) is intersected with the waist-shaped groove (141); the waist-shaped grooves (141) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the dividing plate (14); the cylindrical pin (61) pushes away the current waist-shaped groove (141) in the rotation process, and pushes the adjacent waist-shaped groove (141) to the initial position of the adjacent waist-shaped groove.

2. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of the spherical hole of the platen according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the waist-shaped grooves (141) is 9.

3. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of platen spherical holes of claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate (28) is also provided with a reciprocating driving block (1); a connecting rod (5) is rotatably arranged on the driving block (1); one end of the connecting rod (5) far away from the driving block (1) is rotatably sleeved on the cylindrical pin (61); the driving block (1) drives the cylindrical pin (61) to rotate for one circle in the reciprocating movement.

4. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of platen spherical holes of claim 3, wherein: a stud fixing seat (23) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (28); the stud fixing seat (23) is connected with a stud (25); the driving block (1) is movably sleeved on the double-end stud (25); a second spring (26) is sleeved on the stud (25); the second spring (26) is positioned between the stud fixing seat (23) and the driving block (1); when the driving block (1) moves close to the stud fixing seat (23), the compressed second spring (26) pushes the driving block (1) to return to the initial position.

5. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of platen spherical holes of claim 4, wherein: a main shaft (9) is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate (28); one end of the main shaft (9) is connected with the index plate (14), and the other end of the main shaft penetrates through the bottom plate (28) to be connected with a limiting nut; a first spring (10) is sleeved at the journal of the main shaft (9); the first spring (10) is tightly pressed on the bottom plate (28) and drives the main shaft (9) to drive the dividing disc (14) to move towards the direction far away from the bottom plate (28); the bottom plate (28) is also provided with a corner oil cylinder (19); the movable end of the corner oil cylinder (19) is connected with a pressing plate (17); the pressing direction of the pressing plate (17) points to the position of the index plate (14).

6. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of the spherical hole of the platen according to claim 5, wherein: the surface of the dividing plate (14) is provided with a dividing plate positioning panel (13) in a fitting and connecting manner; a pressing disc (12) to be processed is attached to the index disc positioning panel (13); the pressing plate (17) is in pressing contact with the edge of the platen (12) to be processed.

7. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of the spherical hole of the platen according to claim 5, wherein: the corner oil cylinders (19) and the pressure plate (17) are symmetrically provided with a plurality of groups around the center of a rotating shaft of the main shaft (9).

8. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of platen spherical holes of claim 5, wherein: also comprises an auxiliary positioning device (30); the auxiliary positioning device (30) comprises a telescopic rod (301); the telescopic rod (301) is positioned on one side of the dividing plate (14) back to the bottom plate (28); the movable end of the telescopic rod (301) is connected with a limiting column (302); the extension direction of the telescopic rod (301) points to the waist-shaped groove (141); the limiting column (302) is inserted into the waist-shaped groove (141) in a matched manner, so that the rotation of the dividing disc (14) is limited; the cross section of the limiting column (302) gradually shrinks along the direction far away from the telescopic rod (301); the middle section part of the limiting column (302) is matched and clamped with the inner edge of the waist-shaped groove (141).

9. The automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of platen spherical holes of claim 8, wherein: the auxiliary positioning device (30) further comprises an electromagnetic adsorption block (303) and an attaching plate (304); the attaching plate (304) is connected and arranged on one side, back to the stud fixing seat (23), of the driving block (1); the electromagnetic adsorption block (303) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (28); when the driving block (1) is at an initial position, the electromagnetic adsorption block (303) is attached to the attachment plate (304).

10. The method for operating an automatic indexing hydraulic tool for lathe machining of a spherical hole in a platen according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: the index plate (14) is horizontally arranged, the pressure plate (17) and the auxiliary positioning device (30) are loosened during the indexing operation, the index plate (14) moves upwards under the action of the first spring (10), and the main shaft (9) can freely rotate in the first shaft sleeve (21); toothed waist-shaped grooves (141) are uniformly distributed on the index plate (14), first cylindrical pins (61) which are arranged on the plate surface of the shifting fork wheel (6) in a pressing state are embedded into the bottoms of the waist-shaped grooves, the first cylindrical pins (61) can rotate in a fourth shaft sleeve (51) fixedly connected with the connecting rod (5), and a hole at the other end of the connecting rod (5) can rotate around a third shaft sleeve (27) arranged on the driving block (1); the driving block (1) is subjected to a thrust force along the radial direction of the bottom plate (28) to enable the shifting fork wheel (6) to rotate clockwise through 180 degrees, then the thrust force is removed, and the shifting fork wheel (6) continues to rotate clockwise through 180 degrees under the action of a second spring (26) arranged on the two double-end studs (25) and returns to the initial position; at this point, the shifting fork wheel (6) drives the index plate to rotate through an included angle between two adjacent waist-shaped grooves (141), and one indexing action is completed.