CN115336414B

CN115336414B - Marine bearing with vibration and noise reduction functions

Info

Publication number: CN115336414B
Application number: CN201310218859.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周其斗; 王路才; 吕晓军
Original assignee: Naval University of Engineering PLA
Current assignee: Naval University of Engineering PLA
Priority date: 2013-06-03
Filing date: 2013-06-03
Publication date: 2016-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a marine bearing with vibration and noise reduction functions, which is provided with two layers of bushings, wherein a vibration isolation and damping layer 1 with certain length, thickness and rigidity is arranged between an inner layer bushing 3 and an outer layer bushing 2, and the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 is connected with the inner layer bushing and the outer layer bushing in a rubber vulcanization or other bonding modes. According to the rigidity requirement of the vibration reduction and noise reduction of the ship on the vibration isolation and damping layer 1, the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 can be axially arranged into one or more sections, or can be provided with a certain number of axial through holes 7 with certain diameters along the circumferential direction, and other structural forms capable of adjusting the rigidity of the vibration isolation and damping layer can be adopted according to the material characteristics. The material of the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 can be any material capable of realizing the function of impedance mismatch. The invention is applicable to any type of sliding bearing, including ball-and-socket type sliding bearings, oil-lubricated sliding bearings or water-lubricated sliding bearings, etc.

Description

Marine bearing with vibration and noise reduction functions

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of ship vibration and noise control, in particular to the vibration and noise control of underwater or surface navigation bodies such as submarines, torpedoes, surface ships and the like with strict requirements on vibration and noise.

Background art:

the ship radial bearing is mainly used for supporting a ship shafting, comprises a tail shaft, an intermediate shaft and the like, is an important component of the ship shafting, and is also a main channel for transmitting the exciting force of the propeller to a ship body structure. The traditional radial bearing for the ship is a common cylindrical sliding bearing, such as a water-lubricated sliding bearing with a water tank, a propeller shaft penetrates through the sliding bearing and supports the propeller shaft through the sliding bearing fixedly connected with a ship body structure, the rigidity of the sliding bearing is high, propeller exciting force can be directly transmitted to the ship body structure through the propeller shaft and the sliding bearing to cause vibration of the ship body structure and radiate noise, the traditional radial bearing for the ship does not have the functions of vibration isolation and ship radiation noise reduction, the vibration-isolating and noise-reducing bearing for the ship is characterized in that two layers of bushings are arranged on the basis of the traditional radial bearing for the ship, and a vibration-isolating damping layer is arranged between the two layers of bushings, so that the radial bearing for the ship has the functions of vibration and noise reduction.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a marine radial bearing with vibration and noise reduction functions for ships, particularly submarines. The integral structure of the vibration isolation and damping bearing is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 and comprises a vibration isolation and damping layer 1, an outer layer bushing 2, an inner layer bushing 3 and a sliding bearing lining 4, a certain number of axial through holes 7 with certain diameters are distributed on the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 along the circumferential direction, the inner layer bushing 3 and the sliding bearing lining 4 form a traditional sliding bearing, and a propeller shaft 6 and a shaft sleeve 5 are installed in the sliding bearing and run in the sliding bearing. The bearing has the functions of preventing the transmission of the exciting force of the propeller to a hull structure, reducing the vibration of the ship structure and reducing the radiation noise.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the marine vibration and noise reduction bearing provided by the invention is provided with two layers of bushings, a vibration isolation and damping layer 1 with certain length, thickness and rigidity is arranged between an outer layer bushing 2 and an inner layer bushing 3, and the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 is arranged between the outer layer bushing 2 and the inner layer bushing 3 and is connected with the inner layer bushing and the outer layer bushing through rubber vulcanization or other bonding modes. The propeller exciting force is transmitted to the vibration isolation damping layer 1 through the inner-layer lining 3, and the vibration isolation damping layer 1 isolates the propeller exciting force through self deformation, so that the exciting force transmitted to the outer-layer lining 2 and the ship structure is reduced, and the purposes of vibration isolation and reduction of ship structure vibration and radiation noise are achieved.

According to the marine vibration and noise reduction bearing, rubber with certain hardness is adopted as the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 according to the requirements of the marine vibration and noise reduction on the rigidity of the radial bearing, the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 can be arranged into one or more sections, and a certain number of axial through holes 7 with certain diameters can be distributed on the rubber vibration isolation and damping layer 1 along the circumferential direction, so that the rigidity of the rubber vibration isolation and damping layer is controlled. Besides, any other composite material, viscoelastic damping material, one or more materials, or a combination of multiple structures can be used as the vibration isolation and damping layer 1.

The thickness of the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 of the marine vibration damping and noise reduction bearing provided by the invention is generally more than twice of the thickness of the lining 4 of the bearing sliding bearing.

The marine vibration-damping noise-reducing bearing provided by the invention has the advantages that the impedance of the vibration-isolating damping layer 1 is at least 5 times smaller than that of a hull structure or that of a traditional sliding bearing.

The marine vibration and noise reduction bearing provided by the invention is characterized in that a vibration isolation damping layer 1 is additionally arranged between a hull structure and a traditional lubricating bearing, is suitable for the traditional marine oil lubricating bearing and the traditional marine water lubricating bearing, can be a common cylindrical sliding bearing or a spherical hinge type sliding bearing, and can be an axial straight groove or a spiral water groove.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main advantages:

firstly, have the function of vibration isolation: the exciting force of the propeller can be transmitted to the ship structure after being absorbed and attenuated by the self deformation of the vibration isolation and damping layer 1, and the effect of reducing the vibration and radiation noise of the ship structure is achieved.

The second mode is simple in structure and high in applicability, the material parameters and the structural form of the vibration isolation damping layer 1 can be changed as required, and the changeable structural parameters comprise structural elements such as the thickness, the length, the number of sections, the number of axial through holes and the axial through hole diameter of the vibration isolation damping layer 1.

Thirdly, the invention has wide application, does not limit the structural form of the radial bearing at all, and can be a sliding bearing with any structural form or even a rolling bearing.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the common radial bearing, the vibration and radiation noise of the ship structure can be reduced by 5dB to 20dB in the frequency range of more than 10Hz, and the specific reduction value is determined according to the exciting force characteristic of the propeller, the transmission characteristic of the ship structure to the vibration and the design parameters of the vibration isolation damping layer 1.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention (the vibration isolation and damping layer is provided with axial through holes with a certain diameter along the circumferential direction).

Fig. 2 is an axial sectional view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic axial sectional view (axial sectional view with three vibration isolation and damping layers) of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an axial cross-sectional view (the vibration isolation and damping layer is not perforated) of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a vibration isolation damping layer; 2. an outer layer liner; 3. an inner liner; 4. a sliding bearing lining; 5. a shaft sleeve wrapped outside the propeller shaft; 6. a propeller shaft; 7. and (4) axially perforating.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The first embodiment is as follows: in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a vibration isolation damping layer 1 with a certain thickness is arranged between an inner liner 3 and an outer liner 2 of a bearing structure, the vibration isolation damping layer 1 is made of rubber material, the length of the vibration isolation damping layer is 1/2 of the length of a lining 4 of a bearing sliding bearing, the vibration isolation damping layer is placed in the center, a certain number of axial through holes 7 with a certain diameter are uniformly distributed on the vibration isolation damping layer 1 along the circumferential direction, the vibration isolation damping layer 1 is bonded with the inner liner 3 and the outer liner 2 through rubber vulcanization, the propeller exciting force is transmitted to the vibration isolation damping layer 1 through the inner liner 3, and the vibration isolation damping layer 1 isolates the propeller exciting force through self deformation, so that the exciting force transmitted to the outer liner 2 is reduced, the exciting force transmitted to a hull structure is reduced, and the purpose of vibration isolation and reduction of the structural vibration noise of a ship is achieved.

Example two: in the embodiment composed of fig. 2 and 5, the bearing structure is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the vibration and damping layer 1 has no through holes, and the vibration and noise reduction mechanism is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Example three: in the embodiment composed of fig. 4 and 5, the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 is divided into three segments along the axial direction and arranged between two layers of bushings, and the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 is not perforated.

Example four: in the embodiment formed by fig. 4 and fig. 3, the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 is divided into three sections along the axial direction and is arranged between two layers of bushings, and meanwhile, a certain number of axial through holes with a certain diameter are uniformly distributed on the vibration isolation and damping layer 1 along the circumferential direction.

In the above embodiments of the present invention, the structural parameters and material parameters of the vibration isolation and damping layer 1, such as thickness, length, number of stages, number of perforations, perforation diameter, arrangement position, etc., can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a marine damping bearing of making an uproar that falls, characterized by is equipped with two-layer bush this bearing, is equipped with vibration isolation damping layer (1) of certain length, thickness and rigidity between inlayer bush (3) and outer bush (2), and vibration isolation damping layer (1) is along the multistage rubber layer of axial distribution, and vibration isolation damping layer (1) has axial perforation (7) of certain quantity and diameter along circumference distribution.

2. A vibration and noise reducing bearing for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing structure can be a conventional radial bearing for ships or a conventional water lubricated radial bearing for ships, or a water lubricated radial bearing of the spherical hinge type, wherein the water lubricated radial bearing can be an axial straight groove or a spiral water groove.