CN115333280A - End cover structure, motor using same and bus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor end covers, and relates to an end cover structure, a motor using the end cover structure and a bus; the end cover structure comprises an end cover body which is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a positioning groove is formed in the outer end face of the end cover body around the rotating shaft, a radial groove is formed in the end cover body along the side wall of the positioning groove, a barrier component is arranged in the radial groove, and the barrier component can move along the radial direction until the tail end of the barrier component is fixed on the rotating shaft. The invention realizes the sealing of the rotating shaft through the partition assembly, directly isolates the contact of an internal oil seal or lubricating oil with the outside, improves the sealing performance and avoids the problem of poor motor insulation caused by a large amount of accumulated water and silt accumulated in the motor due to poor sealing effect.

Description

End cover structure, motor using same and bus

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor end covers, and relates to an end cover structure, a motor using the end cover structure and a bus.

Background

In the motor industry, an oil seal is a mechanical element used to seal oil (oil is the most common liquid substance in a transmission system and also refers to a general liquid substance) which isolates parts needing lubrication in a transmission part from a force-applying part so as not to allow lubricating oil to permeate.

In the industry of a motor of a bus, the motor frequently moves due to severe working environment of the bus, so that slight displacement change exists between a motor oil seal and a rotor, and a gap is generated; at the in-process that the big bus went, when silt splashes, this silt can splash to the gap in, simultaneously, this gap also can lead to the motor to intake, can lead to the contact of motor oil blanket and rotor shaft to weaken after long-time operation to influence the sealing performance of oil blanket. The motor is slow in water inflow and mud splashing, when a client feeds back abnormity, a large amount of accumulated water and mud are accumulated in the motor, poor insulation of the motor is caused, the bearing is corroded, serious after-sale abnormity is caused, the cost of the motor is invisibly improved, and the reliability of the motor by the client is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides an end cover structure, a motor using the same, and a bus, wherein one end of a barrier assembly is arranged on an end cover body, and the other end of the barrier assembly is fixed on a rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft is sealed, and water or silt is prevented from entering a gap between the rotating shaft and the end cover.

In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides an end cover structure, where the end cover structure includes an end cover body that is sleeved on a rotating shaft, a positioning groove is disposed on an outer end surface of the end cover body around the rotating shaft, a radial groove is disposed on the end cover body along a side wall of the positioning groove, a barrier component is disposed in the radial groove, and the barrier component can move along a radial direction until a tail end of the barrier component is fixed on the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, an oil seal is disposed in the positioning slot, the oil seal is disposed on the shaft, and the barrier assembly is capable of sealing the oil seal in the positioning slot.

In some embodiments, the barrier assembly comprises a resilient member, a first roughened member, a telescoping rolling ring, and a second roughened member disposed on the sidewall of the radial groove; the elastic piece, the first rough piece and the telescopic rolling ring are sequentially arranged in the radial groove along the direction from far away from the center to near the center; the elastic component can push the first rough component to drive the telescopic rolling ring to move towards the direction close to the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, the barrier assembly further comprises a button axially extending through the outer end face and the radial groove to engage the button aperture; the button hole is formed in the side wall, far away from the outer end face, of the radial groove and extends into the end cover body.

In some embodiments, the first rough part has a first notch and a second notch along the axial direction, and the first notch is opened close to the rotating shaft; when the button is inserted into the first notch, the separation assembly is separated from the rotating shaft, and when the button is inserted into the second notch, the separation assembly is matched with the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, the rotating shaft is provided with a matching position, and the telescopic rolling ring can extend into the matching position.

In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the button hole tapers along the insertion direction of the button, and the button hole are in transition fit.

In some embodiments, a thermal insulation layer is arranged between the side wall of the radial groove and the barrier assembly; the button sequentially penetrates through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough piece, the first notch, the second rough piece and the heat insulation layer and then is inserted into the button hole; or the button penetrates through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough piece, the second notch, the second rough piece and the heat insulation layer in sequence and then is inserted into the button hole.

In some embodiments, the friction between the second asperity and the first asperity increases in a direction from away from the center toward closer to the center, and there is a transition fit between the second asperity and the first asperity.

In some embodiments, the barrier assembly comprises a telescopic unit and a first elastic unit, and the telescopic unit and the first elastic unit are sequentially arranged in the radial groove along the direction from far away from the center to near the center; and the first elastic unit can be in interference fit with the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, when the hardness of the rotating shaft is less than that of the first elastic unit, the barrier assembly further comprises a second elastic unit, the second elastic unit is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is in transition fit with the rotating shaft; the second elastic unit is positioned on the end surface of the first elastic unit.

In some embodiments, the barrier assembly comprises a first rigid member, a second rigid member and an elastic unit, and the second rigid member, the elastic unit and the first rigid member are sequentially arranged in the radial groove along the direction from far away from the center to near the center; and the first rigid part is in interference fit with the rotating shaft, and the second rigid part and the elastic unit are sleeved on the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, the front end of the shaft is provided with a chamfer.

In order to solve the above problem, according to another aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric machine including the end cover structure described above.

In order to solve the above problem, according to another aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bus including the motor described above.

Compared with the prior art, the end cover structure at least has the following beneficial effects:

the end cover body is provided with a radial groove, a barrier component is arranged in the radial groove, the barrier component can move along the radial direction until the tail end of the barrier component is fixed on the rotating shaft, and therefore sealing of the rotating shaft is achieved through the barrier component, the inside oil seal or the lubricating oil is directly isolated from being in contact with the outside, sealing performance is improved, and the problem that a large amount of accumulated water and silt are accumulated inside the motor due to poor sealing effect to cause poor motor insulation is avoided.

On the other hand, the motor provided by the invention is designed based on the end cover structure, and the beneficial effects of the motor refer to the beneficial effects of the end cover structure, which are not repeated herein.

On the other hand, the bus provided by the invention is designed based on the motor, and the beneficial effects of the bus refer to the beneficial effects of the motor, which are not repeated herein.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first barrier assembly in an open end cap configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first barrier assembly in a closed end cap configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at B;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a first type of barrier assembly in an end cap construction provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an end cap construction provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, employing a second type of barrier assembly;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6 at C;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an end cap construction provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, employing a third barrier assembly;

fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view at D in fig. 8.

Wherein:

1. a rotating shaft; 2. an end cap body; 3. oil sealing; 4. a barrier assembly; 5. a thermal insulation layer; 11. a matching position; 41. an elastic member; 42. a first rough member; 43. a retractable rolling ring; 44. a second rough member; 45. a button; 401. a telescopic unit; 402. a first elastic unit; 403. a second elastic unit; 421. a first notch; 422. a second notch; 4001. a first rigid member; 4002. a second rigid member; 4003. an elastic unit.

Detailed Description

To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order; the terms "vertical", "lateral", "longitudinal", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not mean that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or position, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1

The embodiment provides an end cover structure, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the end cover structure includes an end cover body 2 sleeved on a rotating shaft 1, a positioning groove is provided on an outer end surface of the end cover body 2 around the rotating shaft 1, a radial groove is provided on the end cover body 2 along a side wall of the positioning groove, a barrier component 4 is provided in the radial groove, and the barrier component 4 can move along a radial direction until its end is fixed on the rotating shaft 1.

Specifically, there is the round hole at end cover body 2 center, and pivot 1 is located this round hole, and pivot 1 and end cover body 2 all are rigid structure, in order to avoid end cover body 2 to influence the rotation of pivot 1, generally all can be gapped between end cover body 2 and the pivot 1, and this clearance can lead to water or silt to get into the motor in, influences the normal work of motor. This embodiment is provided with the constant head tank around pivot 1 on the outer terminal surface of end cover body 2, can place the oil blanket in this constant head tank, also can not put the oil blanket, mainly depend on the shelves area and the sealed effect that separate of shelves subassembly 4, be provided with in this constant head tank and separate shelves subassembly 4, during initial state, it is located end cover body 2's radial recess completely to separate shelves subassembly 4, make things convenient for the assembly of motor this moment, after the motor begins work, it removes to the direction that is close to pivot 1 to separate shelves subassembly 4, and closely cooperate with pivot 1, so, pivot 1 makes the pivot be in airtight space with separating shelves subassembly 4 combined action, direct isolated inside oil blanket or lubricating oil and external contact, sealing performance has been improved, avoided leading to the inside a large amount of ponding of motor and leading to the insulating bad problem of motor because of sealed effect well.

In a specific embodiment, an oil seal 3 is arranged in the positioning groove, the oil seal 3 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, and the gear separation component 4 can seal the oil seal 3 in the positioning groove; of course, if the barrier assembly 4 has a larger barrier area and a better sealing effect, no oil seal is needed, which indirectly reduces the cost of the motor.

Specifically, the oil seal 3 is a common name of a general seal, simply sealing of lubricating oil. It is a mechanical element used to seal oil (oil is the most common liquid substance in transmission systems, also generally referred to as a general liquid substance), which isolates parts of the transmission parts that need to be lubricated from the output parts, so as not to allow the penetration of lubricating oil.

The barrier assembly 4 may have various forms as long as the corresponding sealing effect can be achieved, and for better explanation of the present invention, the following barrier assemblies 4 are introduced:

first, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the barrier assembly 4 comprises an elastic member 41, a first rough member 42, a retractable rolling ring 43 and a second rough member 44, the second rough member 44 being disposed on the side wall of the radial groove; the elastic member 41, the first rough member 42 and the retractable rolling ring 43 are sequentially disposed in the radial groove in a direction from the far center to the near center; the elastic member 41 can push the first rough member 42 to drive the retractable rolling ring 43 to move in a direction approaching the rotating shaft 1.

Specifically, the radial groove has three faces, the face opposite to the opening of the radial groove is a bottom face, the other two parallel faces are side faces (i.e., side walls), the elastic member 41 is tightly attached to the bottom face, the elastic member 41 is of an annular structure, the whole bottom face is covered, the first rough member 42 is tightly attached to the elastic member 41, the first rough member 42 is also of an annular structure, the whole elastic member 41 is covered, the second rough member 44 is tightly attached to the two side faces, and the two side faces are covered, so that the first rough member 42 can move along the second rough member 44 in the moving process of the barrier assembly 4.

In a specific embodiment, the barrier assembly 4 further comprises a button 45, wherein the button 45 is axially inserted through the outer end face and the radial groove and then is matched with a button hole; the button hole is formed in the side wall, away from the outer end face, of the radial groove and extends into the end cover body 2.

Specifically, the button 45 has a rod-like structure, and different states have different functions; when the motor is not in operation, the button 45 is used for fixing the whole barrier assembly 4 in the radial groove; when the motor works, the tail part of the baffle component 4 is inserted into the rotating shaft, and the button is used for fixing the baffle component 4 in the state.

More specifically, the button 45 is a metal piece; first rough member 42 and second rough member 44 may be a metal material, such as 45 gauge steel, with different roughness affected by machining; the elastic member 41 is a metal spring.

In a specific embodiment, along the axial direction, the first rough part 42 has a first notch 421 and a second notch 422, and the first notch 421 is opened close to the rotating shaft 1; when the button 45 is inserted into the first notch 421, the barrier assembly 4 is separated from the rotating shaft 1, and when the button 45 is inserted into the second notch 422, the barrier assembly 4 is matched with the rotating shaft 1.

The end cover structure provided by the embodiment has two states; in a first state, when the button 45 is inserted into the first notch 421, the partition assembly 4 is separated from the rotating shaft 1, and in this state, the motor does not work, and the partition assembly is mainly used for realizing the assembly of the motor and the rotating shaft; in the second state, when the button 45 is inserted into the second notch 422, the gear separation component 4 is matched with the rotating shaft 1, the motor works in the second state, and the gear separation component 4 is matched with the rotating shaft 1 mainly to seal the rotating shaft 1.

In the specific embodiment, the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a matching position 11, and the telescopic rolling ring 43 can extend into the matching position 11; more specifically, the matching position 11 is a groove formed along the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 1, and the groove is matched with the shape of the telescopic rolling ring 43; in the working process of the motor, the telescopic rolling ring 43 is tightly matched with the groove, and a better sealing effect is achieved.

The axial section of the retractable rolling ring 43 is a retractable rod, the end of the retractable rod is a circular structure, in the first state, the retractable rod is in a compressed state, and in the second state, the retractable rod is extended, so that the circular structure at the end of the retractable rod can be inserted into the corresponding matching position; and, the telescopic link is swing joint rather than the terminal circular structure, and at pivot 1 pivoted in-process, circular structure and pivot 1 co-rotation, the terminal butt of telescopic link is just on pivot 1 this moment, realizes sealedly.

Of course, the specific structure of the rolling ring 43 is not limited to the above structure, and the specific structure of the rolling ring 43 may also be similar to a bearing, and the sliding and sealing can be realized by using the difference between the rotating speeds of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, that is, embedding the bearing, that is, the balls, in the groove of the rotating shaft.

In a specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the button hole is tapered along the insertion direction of the button 45, and the button 45 and the button hole are in transition fit.

Specifically, the button hole is a conical structure, and when the button 45 is matched with the button hole, the closer the button 45 is pressed, so that the fixing effect is prevented from being influenced after the button 45 is loosened.

In the specific embodiment, a heat insulation layer 5 is arranged between the side wall of the radial groove and the barrier component 4; the button 45 sequentially penetrates through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough piece 44, the first notch 421, the second rough piece 44 and the heat insulation layer and then is inserted into a button hole; or the button 45 is inserted into the button hole after sequentially passing through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough piece 44, the second notch 422, the second rough piece 44 and the heat insulation layer.

Specifically, the thermal insulation layer 5 is made of ceramic, which has a low thermal conductivity coefficient and a low heat conduction speed in the ceramic, so that the embodiment prevents the internal structure wrapped by the thermal insulation layer 5 from being affected by external high temperature to cause functional failure (for example, a high-temperature state after aluminum is cast for the end cover mold) through the ceramic.

Of course, the heat insulation layer 5 may be made of metal, but a heat insulation and high temperature resistant material is coated on the surface contacting with the end cover to ensure that the internal structure wrapped by the heat insulation layer is not damaged.

In a particular embodiment, the friction between second roughness element 44 and first roughness element 42 increases in a direction from farther to closer than center, and second roughness element 44 is in transition fit with first roughness element 42.

Specifically, the second rough part 44 and the first rough part 42 each have a certain surface roughness, which means that the machined surface has small intervals and small peak-to-valley unevenness, and the larger the roughness, the larger the friction force; in this embodiment, it may be defined that the surface roughness of the first rough members 42 are all the same; and the surface roughness of the second roughness elements 44 increases gradually in the radial direction from the center toward the center, so that the friction between the second roughness elements 44 and the first roughness elements 42 increases gradually in the radial direction from the center toward the center. Like this, when separating shelves subassembly 4 more moves down, more elastic potential energy of elastic component 41 can be consumed to bigger frictional force for the terminal circular structure of telescopic link is blocked in the cooperation position that corresponds just, avoids the telescopic link to be blocked into.

In addition, the roughness of the material selection of the first rough member 42 and the second rough member 44 in this embodiment is related to the elastic coefficient and the elastic potential energy of the elastic member 41, and the material selection and the machining precision of the first rough member 42 and the second rough member 44 and the selection of the transition fit tolerance are adjusted according to the practical application, so as to ensure that the elastic potential energy generated by the elastic member 41 is exactly equal to or greater than the elastic potential energy for making the end of the first rough member 42 reach the fit position 11 of the rotating shaft 1.

The first type of barrier component 4 has the barrier principle:

when the motor does not work, the button 45 sequentially penetrates through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough piece 44, the first notch 421, the second rough piece 44 and the heat insulation layer and then is inserted into the button hole, and at the moment, the elastic piece 41 is compressed and has certain elastic potential energy; when the components such as the rotating shaft 1 and the like are assembled and the motor needs to work, the button 45 is taken out of the first notch 421, at this time, the elastic potential energy is released from the elastic member 41, certainly, the top of the elastic member 41 is fixed on the bottom surface of the radial groove and cannot be separated from the radial groove, as the friction force between the second rough member 44 and the first rough member 42 is gradually increased and the second rough member 44 and the first rough member 42 are in transition fit, under the condition that the elastic potential force and the friction resistance are calculated in advance, the friction resistance can consume the elastic potential force, so that when the elastic member 41 is in a release state, the hole for inserting the button 45 on the outer end surface of the end cover body 2 is just aligned with the second notch 422, at this time, the button 45 sequentially passes through the outer end surface, the thermal insulation layer, the second rough member 44, the second notch 422, the second rough member 44 and the thermal insulation layer and then is inserted into the button hole, at this time, the circular structure at the tail end of the telescopic rod is just clamped in the corresponding matching position, and in the rotating process of the rotating shaft 1, at this time, the tail end of the telescopic rod is just butted against the rotating shaft 1, and the telescopic rod is just sealed.

Secondly, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the barrier assembly 4 comprises a telescopic unit 401 and a first elastic unit 402, and the telescopic unit 401 and the first elastic unit 402 are sequentially arranged in a radial groove along the direction from far away from the center to near the center; and the first elastic unit 402 can be in interference fit with the rotating shaft 1.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the radial groove is smaller in length in the radial direction and larger in length in the axial direction; the telescopic unit 401 is a metal spring, and the first elastic unit 402 is made of rubber;

a groove matched with the first elastic unit 402 is formed in the rotating shaft 1, and the telescopic unit 401 is located in the radial groove and is in a compressed state; in this way, the extension unit 401 has elastic potential energy applied to the first elastic unit 402, so that the first elastic unit 402 and the rotating shaft 1 are in an interference fit state at any time.

In the embodiment, when the hardness of the rotating shaft 1 is less than the hardness of the first elastic unit 402, the partition assembly 4 further includes a second elastic unit 403, the second elastic unit 403 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 1 and is in transition fit with the rotating shaft 1; the second elastic unit 403 is located at an end surface of the first elastic unit 402.

When the hardness of the rotating shaft 1 is less than that of the first elastic unit 402, the rotating shaft 1 is easily worn, at this time, the second elastic unit 403 is arranged on the end face of the first elastic unit 402, the inner diameter of the second elastic unit 403 is consistent with the outer diameter of the shaft extension end of the rotating shaft 1, transition fit is adopted, the hardness of the second elastic unit 403 is less than that of the rotating shaft 1, and the sealing effect can be further achieved.

During the long-time operation of the motor, the second elastic unit 403 is slowly worn, and finally the transition fit to the zero-fit state is realized.

Thirdly, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the barrier assembly 4 comprises a first rigid member 4001, a second rigid member 4002 and an elastic unit 4003, and the second rigid member 4002, the elastic unit 4003 and the first rigid member 4001 are sequentially disposed in the radial groove along a direction from a far center to a near center; the first rigid piece 4001 is in interference fit with the rotating shaft 1, and the second rigid piece 4002 and the elastic unit 4003 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 1.

Specifically, the inner diameter of the first rigid member 4001 is in interference fit with the rotating shaft 1, and the first rigid member 4001 is sleeved on the end cover body 2 in a shrink fit manner, and the first rigid member 4001 rotates together with the rotating shaft 1 in the rotation process of the rotating shaft 1; the elastic unit 4003 and the second rigid member 4002 are of an integral structure, the elastic unit 4003 mainly plays a role in buffering, so that the first rigid member 4001 is prevented from generating large noise when rotating along with the rotating shaft 1, and the second rigid member 4002 provides a supporting point for the elastic unit 4003; in addition, in this embodiment, the second rigid member 4002 needs to be cold processed, and then the elastic unit 4003 and the second rigid member 4002 are sleeved into the end cover body 2 together; the elastic unit 4003 has a large hardness of the surface in direct contact with the second rigid member 4002 and a small hardness of the surface in contact with the first rigid member 4001, and the elastic unit 4003 has a certain high temperature resistance.

More specifically, the first rigid member 4001 is made of structural alloy steel, the second rigid member 4002 is made of aluminum alloy or copper, and the elastic unit 4003 is made of rubber.

In a specific embodiment, the front end of the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a chamfer so as to facilitate the matching of the rotating shaft 1 and the end cover body 2.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides an electric machine including the end cover structure of embodiment 1.

The motor that this embodiment provided, after having adopted the end cover structure among embodiment 1, can not adopt the oil blanket, but can realize the better sealed effect than the oil blanket, reduced the cost of motor, improved the reliability of motor.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a bus including the motor of embodiment 2.

In summary, it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the advantageous technical features described above can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (15)

1. The utility model provides an end cover structure, its characterized in that, end cover structure establishes the epaxial end cover body of pivot including the cover, center on the outer terminal surface of end cover body the pivot is provided with the constant head tank, along the lateral wall of constant head tank radial groove has been seted up on the end cover body, be provided with in the radial groove and separate the shelves subassembly, it can be until fixing its end along radial movement in the pivot to separate the shelves subassembly.

2. An end closure arrangement as claimed in claim 1, in which an oil seal is provided in the locating groove, the oil seal is provided on the shaft and the barrier assembly is capable of sealing the oil seal in the locating groove.

3. The end closure structure according to claim 2, wherein said barrier assembly comprises a resilient member, a first roughened member, a telescoping rolling ring, and a second roughened member, said second roughened member being disposed on a sidewall of said radial groove; the elastic piece, the first rough piece and the telescopic rolling ring are sequentially arranged in the radial groove along the direction from far away from the center to near the center; the elastic component can push the first rough component to drive the telescopic rolling ring to move towards the direction close to the rotating shaft.

4. The end cap structure according to claim 3, wherein the barrier assembly further comprises a button axially passing through the outer end face and radial groove to engage a button aperture; the button hole is formed in the side wall, far away from the outer end face, of the radial groove and extends into the end cover body.

5. The end cap structure according to claim 4, wherein the first rough member has a first notch and a second notch along the axial direction, and the first notch is opened close to the rotating shaft; when the button is inserted into the first notch, the separation assembly is separated from the rotating shaft, and when the button is inserted into the second notch, the separation assembly is matched with the rotating shaft.

6. An end cap structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the shaft is provided with a mating location into which the telescopic rolling ring can extend.

7. An end cap arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the button aperture has a tapering internal diameter in the direction of insertion of the button, and wherein there is a transition fit between the button and the button aperture.

8. The end cap arrangement of claim 5, wherein an insulating layer is disposed between the sidewall of the radial groove and the barrier assembly; the button penetrates through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough part, the first notch, the second rough part and the heat insulation layer in sequence and then is inserted into the button hole; or the button penetrates through the outer end face, the heat insulation layer, the second rough piece, the second notch, the second rough piece and the heat insulation layer in sequence and then is inserted into the button hole.

9. The end cap structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the friction between the second roughness element and the first roughness element increases gradually in a direction from a distance from the center to a near center, and the second roughness element and the first roughness element are in transition fit.

10. The end cap structure according to claim 1, wherein the barrier assembly comprises a telescopic unit and a first elastic unit, and the telescopic unit and the first elastic unit are sequentially arranged in the radial groove along a direction from far away from the center to near the center; and the first elastic unit can be in interference fit with the rotating shaft.

11. The end cap structure of claim 10, wherein when the hardness of the rotating shaft is less than that of the first elastic unit, the partition assembly further comprises a second elastic unit, the second elastic unit is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is in transition fit with the rotating shaft; the second elastic unit is positioned on the end surface of the first elastic unit.

12. The end cap structure according to claim 1, wherein the barrier assembly comprises a first rigid member, a second rigid member, and an elastic unit, the second rigid member, the elastic unit, and the first rigid member being disposed in the radial groove in this order in a direction from a far center to a near center; and the first rigid part is in interference fit with the rotating shaft, and the second rigid part and the elastic unit are sleeved on the rotating shaft.

13. An end cap arrangement according to claim 10 or 12, wherein the forward end of the shaft is chamfered.

14. An electrical machine comprising an end cap arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A bus characterized in that it comprises an electric machine according to claim 14.

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