CN115333263A

CN115333263A - Unit motor with same-direction annular yoke winding pole slots matched

Info

Publication number: CN115333263A
Application number: CN202210333837.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 司纪凯; 李森; 陈延; 聂瑞; 吕蒙琦; 梁静; 彭金柱; 王要强; 魏彦企
Original assignee: Henan Kaiyuan Zhiqu Electromechanical Equipment Co ltd; Zhengzhou University
Current assignee: Henan Kaiyuan Zhiqu Electromechanical Equipment Co ltd; Zhengzhou University
Priority date: 2022-03-30
Filing date: 2022-03-30
Publication date: 2022-11-11

Abstract

The invention provides a unit motor matched with pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding. The motor includes: a stator core; each phase of winding comprises a coils wound on a yoke part of the stator core, M and a are respectively positive integers, and all the coils have the same winding direction; one or two rotors, each rotor is provided with a plurality of magnet units opposite to one side of the winding, and the equivalent magnetic poles of the magnet units face the winding; in the case of a =1, the number of magnet units on each rotor is set to a positive even number; in the case of a >1, the coils of each phase winding are adjacently arranged; the number of magnet units on each rotor is 2P, and P ≠ k1 × M and is a positive integer, where k1 is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple of a. The scheme of the invention improves the matching of the winding and the magnet, and ensures the normal operation of the motor, thereby improving the performance of the motor.

Description

Unit motor with same-direction annular yoke winding pole slots matched

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a unit motor matched with a pole slot of a homodromous yoke winding.

Background

The performance requirements of the existing motor are continuously improved, and the traditional non-direct-drive motor has the problems that the system rigidity, the response characteristic and the overall efficiency of the motor are reduced due to the existence of an intermediate transmission mechanism such as a rack, a lead screw, a speed reducer and the like. Compared with the prior art, the direct-drive motor saves an intermediate transmission link, directly drives a load by the motor, and has the advantages of simple structure, high control precision and low loss. The direct drive motor is limited by an installation space and has a high requirement on torque density in consideration of a requirement for light weight.

The winding structure and the pole slot matching mode have great influence on the winding coefficient and the back electromotive force constant of the motor, and the torque density of the motor can be effectively improved by changing the winding structure and the pole slot matching mode. Some connection methods of integer slot windings and fractional slot windings are disclosed in the prior art. The connection mode of the integer slot winding has a relatively high back electromotive force constant, but the integer slot winding generally has a small number of pole pairs, which is not beneficial to improving the torque density. The fractional slot winding can realize more pole pairs, but the winding coefficient is relatively low, which causes the reduction of output torque.

Therefore, the motor in the prior art has small torque density and technical difficulty in performance improvement especially for a direct drive motor.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a co-rotating yoke winding pole slot-fitted cell motor with improved torque density.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide higher torque output capability under the same conditions.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a flexible arrangement of windings and magnets to provide a preferred motor design for low speed and high torque applications.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a unit motor in which pole slots of windings of yokes are fitted in the same direction, comprising:

a stator core;

the winding structure comprises M-phase windings, each phase of winding comprises a coils, the coils are wound on a yoke part of a stator core, M and a are positive integers respectively, and all the coils of the M-phase windings have the same winding direction;

one or two rotors, each rotor is provided with a plurality of magnet units opposite to one side of the coil, and the equivalent magnetic poles of the magnet units face the coil; wherein

In the case of a =1, the number of magnet units on each rotor is set to a positive even number;

in the case of a >1, the coils of each phase winding are adjacently arranged; the number of magnet units on each rotor is 2P, and P ≠ k1 × M and is a positive integer, where k1 is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple of a.

Alternatively, in the case of a >1, a coils of each phase winding are connected in series, the head ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on a first side of the stator core facing one rotor, the tail ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on a second side of the stator core opposite to the first side, the tail end of the previous coil is connected with the head end of the next coil, so that the head end of each phase winding and the head end of each coil are positioned on the same side, and the tail end of each phase winding and the tail end of each coil are positioned on the same side; each phase winding is fed with alternating current along the head end of the winding or along the tail end of the winding.

Alternatively, in the case of a =1, when the number of magnet units on each rotor is an even multiple of M, the M-phase windings are used for receiving alternating currents of the same phase, thereby forming a single-phase motor, and when the number of magnet units on each rotor is not equal to the even multiple of M, the M-phase windings are respectively used for receiving multiple-phase alternating currents, thereby forming a multiple-phase motor, and each phase winding forms an effective side on the first side facing one rotor;

in the case of a >1, the M-phase windings are each used for switching in a multi-phase alternating current, so that a multi-phase motor is formed, and each phase winding forms a continuous a effective side on the first side facing one rotor.

Alternatively, M =3, and in the case of a unit motor as a multi-phase motor, the 3-phase windings are each used to access one phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply; or

In the case of a unit motor as a single-phase motor, the 3-phase windings are each used for receiving an ac current of the same phase.

Optionally, the M =3,3 phase windings each comprise one coil; and four magnet units are provided on each rotor to form a 3-winding 4-pole mating structure.

Optionally, the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots, and each stator slot is used for arranging one coil; or

The stator iron core has continuous and complete wall surface, and the coil is directly wound on the stator iron core.

Alternatively,

the plurality of magnet units arranged on each rotor are consistent in specification and arranged on one side of the rotor opposite to the stator core, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the adjacent magnet units are opposite.

Alternatively, the rotor is disposed at a radial interval from the stator core, and the equivalent pole direction of the magnet unit on the rotor is disposed in the radial direction of the stator core, opposite to the section of the coil located in the circumferential wall of the stator core.

Optionally, the rotor comprises a first radial rotor and a second radial rotor, and

the first radial rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator core, is positioned on the periphery of the stator core, and forms an air gap with the outer peripheral wall of the stator core;

the second radial rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator core, is positioned in the central hole of the stator core and forms an air gap with the inner peripheral wall of the stator core, the outer peripheral wall of the second radial rotor is provided with a plurality of second radial magnet units, and the equivalent magnetic pole direction of the second radial magnet units is along the radial direction of the stator core;

the first radial rotor and the second radial rotor are configured to rotate at the same speed, the first radial magnet units are opposite to the second radial magnet units one by one, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the opposite first radial magnet units and the second radial magnet units are set to be opposite to the same-name magnetic poles.

Alternatively, the rotor is disposed at a distance from an axial end of the stator core, and the equivalent pole direction of the magnet unit on the rotor is disposed parallel to the axial direction of the stator core, opposite to the section where the coil is located at the axial end of the stator core.

Optionally, the rotor comprises a first axial rotor and a second axial rotor, and

the first axial rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator core, is positioned at the first axial end of the stator core and forms an air gap with the axial end wall of the stator core, one side of the first axial rotor, facing the axial end wall of the stator core, is provided with a plurality of first axial magnet units, and the equivalent magnetic poles of the first axial magnet units are parallel to the axial direction of the stator core;

the second axial rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator core, is positioned at the second axial end of the stator core, and forms an air gap with the axial end wall of the stator core;

the first axial rotor and the second axial rotor are configured to rotate at the same speed, the first axial magnet units are opposite to the second axial magnet units one by one, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the opposite first axial magnet units and the second axial magnet units are set to be opposite to the same-name magnetic pole.

If the number of windings per phase winding is defined as a (the number of consecutive windings per phase winding is a), the total number of windings S = M a of the motor.

When a =1, only one stator slot is occupied by one coil of each phase winding, the number S of all coils on the stator core is equal to the number M of winding phases, and the winding arrangement mode is A, B, C … M. The same-direction yoke winding can be matched with any antipole magnet unit, namely the pole slot matching form can be an M coil 2P pole (P is a positive integer), and when P = k M (k is a positive integer), M windings are in the same phase, the motor forms a single-phase motor, namely when P = k M (k is a positive integer), M windings are connected to an alternating current power supply in the same phase, and M windings form M parallel windings.

When a >1, each phase winding has a coils, the coils of the same phase winding are arranged adjacently, all the coil groups are arranged in the sequence of an A1 coil, an A2 coil, a … … Aa coil, a B1 coil, a B2 coil, … … Ba coil, a C1 coil, a C2 coil, a … … Ca coil, … …, an M1 coil, an M2 coil, a … … Ma coil, wherein the A1 coil, the A2 coil, the … … Aa coil and the like belong to the A phase winding, namely the same phase winding, and other phases are similar. The head ends of the A1 coil, the A2 coil, and the … … Aa coil are located on the same side (e.g., toward one side of the rotor on one side), the tail ends of the A1 coil, the A2 coil, and the … … Aa coil are located on the opposite side (e.g., toward one side of the rotor on the other side), and the tail end of the A1 coil is connected to the head end of the A2 coil, the tail end of the A2 coil is connected to the head end of the A3 coil, and so on, so that the coils of the a-phase winding are connected in series. The alternating current is connected from the head end of the A1 coil or the end of the Aa coil, and the other end of the head end of the A1 coil or the end of the Aa coil and the leading-out terminals of other phases can be connected together or connected in a triangular or star shape. The coils of the other phases have the same connection mode.

The number of magnet units on each rotor is 2P, and P = k ₁ *M(k ₁ When the number is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple), the back electromotive force of each phase winding is 0, and the motor cannot operate normally. The number of magnets is thus set to 2P, and P is not equal to k ₁ * A positive integer of M. That is, the same-direction ring yoke winding can be matched with other windings except P = k ₁ * Any other pair of magnet units outside M, i.e. the pole slot matching form, can be M winding 2P poles, wherein P ≠ k ₁ * And the M-phase winding are respectively used for accessing alternating current with different phases to form the multi-phase motor.

Each group of corresponding stator slots is used for arranging a coil, so that the matching structure of the coil and the magnet unit of the motor can be an M-slot 2P pole, namely the number of continuous stator slots occupied by each phase of winding is a, and the number of slots on the periphery of a stator core (the number of slots outside the stator) S = M x a. For example, with three-phase windings, each phase of the coil occupies 3 stator outer slots, and in the case of 6 to 12 magnet units, the pole slot matching structure of the motor is 9 slots and 12 poles.

A typical mating structure of the present invention is: a 3-slot 4-pole, i.e. stator core with 3-phase windings is fitted with a rotor with 4 poles.

The invention relates to a unit motor matched with pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding, which is mainly characterized in that the matching structure of a winding, a coil and a magnet unit is improved, each phase of winding in an M-phase winding comprises one or more coils respectively wound on a yoke part of a stator core, and the winding of each phase of winding has the same winding direction and the same current incoming direction, so that the homodromous yoke winding is formed, and the multi-magnetic-pole structure is easily realized by configuring the number of the magnet units of a rotor, so that the unit motor has the characteristics of a fractional slot winding and has advantages over an integer slot winding in the aspect of improving the torque density. Meanwhile, the motor provided by the invention also has the same back electromotive force constant as that of the integral slot winding, and has higher torque output capability compared with a motor with a fractional slot winding structure under the same condition, so that the performance of the motor is improved.

Furthermore, for the unit motor matched with the pole slots of the windings of the homodromous yoke, the number of the pairs of the magnet units can be flexibly matched with the rotor according to the determined number of the windings, so that the motor has a more flexible pole slot matching mode, and an optimal motor design scheme is provided for the application field of low speed and high torque.

Furthermore, the unit motor matched with the pole slots of the homodromous yoke winding can be suitable for various motor types such as a permanent magnet motor, a switched reluctance motor, a synchronous reluctance motor and the like, and can be expanded and applied to various structures such as a single stator-single rotor, a double stator-single rotor, a multi-stator-multi-rotor and the like; and the motors with radial magnetic flux, axial magnetic flux, transverse magnetic flux, straight line, rotation and the like can be realized.

The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter by way of example and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is an overall structural view of a unit motor in which pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding are fitted according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of the components of the unit motor shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of the unit motor shown in fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of components of a unit motor fitted with pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an axial sectional view of the unit motor shown in fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is an overall block diagram of a unit motor with co-annular yoke winding pole slot mating with axial terminals according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an exploded view of the components of the unit motor shown in fig. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a stator core having a simplest winding form of a unit motor in which homodyne-ring yoke winding pole slots are fitted according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the stator core of fig. 8 in a mated configuration with 4 poles;

fig. 10 is a circumferential development of the mating result shown in fig. 9.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a co-rotating yoke winding pole slot-mated unit motor having a 3-slot, 4-pole mating configuration in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is an exploded view of parts of the unit motor shown in fig. 11;

FIG. 13 is an axial schematic view of a prior art electric machine having integral number slot windings;

FIG. 14 is a resultant vector diagram of the back EMF of the windings of the motor shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is an axial schematic view of a prior art electric machine having fractional slot windings;

FIG. 16 is a composite vector diagram of the back EMF of the windings of the motor shown in FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is an axial schematic view of a unitary motor with co-annular yoke winding pole slots mated in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a resultant vector diagram of the back EMF of the windings of the motor shown in FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a graph comparing the output torque of the three winding types shown in FIGS. 13, 15, and 17 under the same conditions;

FIG. 20 is an axial schematic view of a co-rotating ring yoke winding pole slot mating unit motor having a 3-slot 6-pole mating configuration in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is an axial schematic view of a co-annular yoke winding pole slot mating unit motor having a 3-slot, 8-pole mating configuration in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a graph illustrating back EMF curves for a motor with different pole slot configurations;

FIG. 23 is a back EMF graph of the motor of FIG. 11;

FIG. 24 is an axial schematic view of a unitary motor having a 4-phase winding with co-annular yoke winding pole slot mating in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is an axial schematic view of a co-rotating yoke winding pole slot fitted unitary motor with 5-phase windings in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is an axial schematic view of a dynamoelectric machine having a 3-phase winding with co-annular yoke winding pole slot mating of multiple windings, respectively, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is an axial schematic view of a unit motor having a 6-slot 6-pole mating configuration with a co-directional ring yoke winding pole-slot mating of multiple windings;

FIG. 28 is an axial schematic view of a unitary motor having co-rotating yoke winding pole slots with the same pole orientation in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and

fig. 29 is a connection diagram of coils of a unit motor in which pole slots of windings of the same-direction ring yoke are fitted according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of a unit motor in which pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding are fitted according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is an exploded view of components of the unit motor shown in fig. 1, and fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of the unit motor shown in fig. 1. The unit motor with the same-direction ring yoke winding pole slot matching generally comprises: stator core 30, M-phase winding 31, one or two rotors. The rotor may be a radial rotor or an axial rotor.

The stator core 30 may be cylindrical as a whole, that is, the axial cross section of the stator core 30 is circular. The radial rotor may be coaxially sleeved with the stator core 30. And the axial rotor is provided at an axial end portion of the stator core 30.

Each of the M-phase windings 31 includes one or more windings wound on a yoke portion of the stator core 30, all of the windings having the same winding direction and having the same current incoming direction, thereby forming a homodromous ring winding.

Each rotor is provided with a plurality of magnet units opposite to one side of the winding, and equivalent magnetic poles of the magnet units face the winding. Each magnet unit may comprise one individual magnet or be formed by a combination of a plurality of individual magnets. Where each magnet unit is formed by a single magnet, the magnets may be radially or parallel charged. In the case that each magnet unit may be formed by splicing a plurality of individual magnets, the plurality of individual magnets may be formed by splicing Halbach (Halbach) arrays, and the plurality of magnets having different magnetizing directions are arranged to form equivalent magnetic poles set in opposite directions. In the drawings of the embodiment, the magnet units can be a single magnet which is magnetized in a radial direction or in parallel, or a plurality of magnets spliced by a Halbach array, except for special description. Since the structure of radial magnetization, parallel magnetization, and Halbach array magnet should be known to those skilled in the art, the structure of the magnet itself will not be described herein.

In the case of a >1, a coils of each phase winding 31 are connected in series, the head ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on a first side of the stator core facing one rotor, the tail ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on a second side of the stator core opposite to the first side, the tail end of the previous coil is connected with the head end of the next coil, so that the head end of each phase winding and the head end of each coil are positioned on the same side, and the tail end of each phase winding 31 and the tail end of each coil are positioned on the same side; each phase winding is fed with an alternating current either along the head end of the winding 31 or along the tail end of the winding 31. In the case of two opposite rotors, the head ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on one side of the stator core facing the first rotor; in the case of two opposing rotors, the ends of the a coils are located on the side of the stator core facing the second rotor, respectively. This makes it possible to make the current directions on the same side of each phase winding 31 uniform. That is, in the case where two opposing rotors are provided, the side of the coil facing the first rotor and the side facing the second rotor form effective edges, respectively; in the case of a rotor, the side of the coil facing the rotor forms the active edge.

The radial rotor is disposed at an interval from the radial direction of the stator core 30, and the equivalent pole direction of the magnet unit on the rotor is disposed along the radial direction of the stator core 30, opposite to the section where the winding is located at the peripheral wall of the stator core 30. That is, the magnet units provided on the radial rotor at the outer periphery of the stator core 30 are located at the inner periphery of the rotor, opposite to the outer peripheral wall of the stator core 30; the magnet units provided on the radial rotor on the inner periphery of the stator core 30 are located on the outer periphery of the rotor, facing the inner peripheral wall of the stator core 30.

The axial rotor is disposed at a radial interval from the stator core 30, and the equivalent pole direction of the magnet unit on the axial rotor is parallel to the axial direction of the stator core 30, opposite to the section where the winding is located at the axial end of the stator core 30. That is, the magnet units provided on the radial rotor at one end of the stator core 30 are oriented to be opposite to the end of the stator core 30. The axial direction of the stator core 30 is the direction extending along the rotation axis of the motor.

The unit motor matched with the pole slots of the windings of the homodromous yoke realizes the purpose of improving the performance of the motor by matching the configuration windings and the magnet units.

M-phase windings 31, where M is a positive integer, that is, the unit motor of the present embodiment includes M sets of windings 31. Each of the M-phase windings 31 includes one or more coils 310 wound around the stator core 30, and the coils 310 of each of the M-phase windings 31 have the same winding direction and current feeding direction, thereby forming a homodromous yoke winding. The coil 310 may be wound along the axial direction of the wall of the stator core 30, or may be wound obliquely in some embodiments.

Each of the M-phase windings 31 includes one or more coils 310. If the number of coils 310 per phase winding 31 is defined as a, the total winding number S = M × a of the motor.

In the case where each phase winding 31 includes one coil 310, the number of magnet units per rotor is set to a positive even number; that is, when a =1, each of the M-phase windings 31 has one coil 310, S = M. The coils 310 are arranged in phases, i.e., phase a, phase B, phase C, … …, and phase M. The M-phase winding 31 can be matched with any integer pair of magnet units, and the matching structure can be called as M-phase winding 2P pole (P is a positive integer). In the case of P = k × M (k is a positive integer), the M windings are in phase, and the motor constitutes a single-phase motor. In other words, in the case where each phase winding 31 includes one coil 310 (a = 1), when the number of magnet units is an even multiple of M, the M phase windings are used to receive alternating current of the same phase, thereby forming a single-phase motor, and the M windings form M parallel windings. And when the number of the magnet units is not equal to the even number times of the M, the M-phase windings are respectively used for connecting alternating currents in different phases, so that the multi-phase motor is formed. For example, when M =3, the M-phase winding may be connected to one phase of the three-phase ac power supply, to form a 3-phase motor.

Including multiple coils 310 (a) in each phase winding 31>1) In the case of (1), the coils 310 of each phase are adjacently arranged and have the same winding direction and current incoming direction; the number of magnet units on each rotor is 2P, and P ≠ k ₁ * M, wherein k ₁ Is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple, and a is the number of coils per phase winding. That is when a>In the case of 1, each phase winding in the M-phase windings 31 has a coils, and the coils of the same phase are adjacently arranged in the order of A1 coil, A2 coil, … … Aa coil, B1 coil, B2 coil, … … Ba coil, C1 coil, C2 coil, … … Ca coil, … …, M1 coil, M2 coil, … … Ma coil. The A1, A2, … … Aa coils and the like belong to the A phase winding, namely the same phase winding, and other phases are similar. At P = k ₁ * In the case of M, the back electromotive force of each phase winding 31 becomes 0, and the motor cannot operate normally. The number of magnet units is thus set to divide k ₁ * Any other pairs of polar magnets than the M pairs. That is, the pole slot matching form can be M winding 2P pole, wherein P ≠ k ₁ *M。

All the coils 310 of the M-phase winding 31 may be arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator core 30. I.e. the spacing between the windings is angularly uniform.

In the case where each phase winding 31 includes one coil 310 (a = 1), when the number of magnet units on one rotor is equal to an even number times of M, the M-phase winding is used to feed in alternating currents of the same phase, thereby forming a single-phase motor, and when the number of magnet units on one rotor is not equal to an even number times of M, the M-phase coils 310 are respectively used to feed in alternating currents of different phases, thereby forming a multi-phase motor.

In the case where each phase coil 310 includes a plurality of coils 310 (a > 1), M-phase windings are used to receive alternating currents of different phases (typically, respective phases of a multi-phase alternating current power supply), respectively, thereby forming a multi-phase motor.

It should be further noted that the alternating current may be in the form of sine, triangle, square wave, and generally may be in the form of sine alternating current.

An M-phase winding 31 may be a three-phase winding, i.e. M =3. In the case of a pole-slot matching configuration of a polyphase machine (a =1 and P ≠ k × M, or a ≠ k:)>1 and P ≠ k ₁ * M) connected to one phase of the three-phase ac power supply, and the three-phase winding 31 is used as a three-phase motor. In the case of satisfying the pole-slot matching structure of the single-phase motor (a =1, and P = k × M), the three-phase winding 31 receives the same-phase alternating current, and the motor functions as a single-phase motor. The motor shown in fig. 3, for example, is a motor having three coils 310 per phase winding 31, for a total of 9 coils.

One more common example is: the unit 31 of the group of M =3,3 comprises a coil 310; and four magnet units are provided on each rotor to form a 3-winding 4-pole mating structure.

The motor of the present embodiment may be slotted on the stator core 30 for arranging the coil 310. Stator core 30 defines a plurality of stator slots, each stator slot for disposing a coil 310. Alternatively, the stator core 30 has a continuous complete wall surface, and the coil 310 is wound directly on the stator core. The plurality of magnet units provided on each rotor may be set to be uniform in size and uniformly spaced on the side of the rotor opposite to the stator core 30, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the adjacent magnet units are set to be opposite.

The description is given with reference to the example shown in fig. 1 to 3 with two

radial rotors

10, 20. The

radial rotors

10 and 20 are disposed at intervals in the radial direction of the stator core 30, and the magnetic pole directions of the

magnet units

11 and 21 on the

radial rotors

10 and 20 are disposed in the radial direction of the stator core 30, opposite to the sections of the coils 310 located in the peripheral wall of the stator core 30. Wherein the magnetic pole directions of the

magnet units

11, 21 are arranged along the radial direction of the stator core 30 under the condition that the magnet units are magnetized in the radial direction; on the other hand, when the magnet units are magnetized in parallel, the magnetic pole directions of the

magnet units

11 and 21 are arranged in the radial direction of the stator core 30, but there is a certain angular deviation.

Stator core 30, first radial rotor 10, second radial rotor 20, M-phase winding 31. The first radial rotor 10, the stator core 30, and the second radial rotor 20 are coaxially and sequentially sleeved, and the M-phase winding 31 is wound around the stator core 30.

The stator core 30 is cylindrical as a whole, that is, the axial cross section of the stator core 30 is circular. The first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 are respectively disposed coaxially with the stator core 30, wherein the first radial rotor 10 is located at an outer periphery of the stator core 30, and the second radial rotor 20 is located in a central hole of the stator core 30.

An air gap is formed between the first radial rotor 10 and the outer circumferential wall of the stator core 30, and an air gap is formed between the second radial rotor 20 and the inner circumferential wall of the stator core 30, so that the first radial rotor 10, the second radial rotor 20 and the stator core 30 form respective independent air gaps.

The inner peripheral wall of the first radial rotor 10 is provided with a plurality of first radial magnet units 11, and the equivalent magnetic pole direction of the first radial magnet units 11 is along the radial direction of the stator core 30, that is, the N pole or S pole of the first radial magnet units 11 is opposite to the axial center direction of the stator core 30. In the case of parallel magnetization, the magnetic pole direction is offset from the radial direction by a certain angle, but is directed toward the axial center of the stator core 30.

The outer peripheral wall of the second radial rotor 20 is provided with a plurality of second radial magnet units 21, the equivalent magnetic pole direction of the second radial magnet units 21 is also along the radial direction of the stator core 30, that is, the N pole or S pole of the second radial magnet units 21 also faces the axial center direction of the stator core 30, and the first radial magnet units 11 are opposite to the second radial magnet units 21 one by one, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the opposite first radial magnet units 11 and the second radial magnet units 21 are set to be opposite to each other with the same name. That is, if the N pole of the first radial magnet unit 11 faces the axial center, the N pole of the second radial magnet unit 21 facing the first radial magnet unit 11 faces the radial outside and the S pole faces the axial center. If the S pole of the first radial magnet unit 11 faces the axial center, the S pole of the second radial magnet unit 21 opposite to the first radial magnet unit 11 faces the radial outside, and the N pole faces the axial center. When the motor is operated, the first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 rotate at the same speed, so that the first radial magnet unit 11 and the second radial magnet unit 21 maintain opposite positions.

It should be further noted that the first radial magnet units 11 and the second radial magnet units 21 are opposite to each other, and may be completely opposite to each other, or may have a certain offset angle. Embodiments in which opposing magnet units have an offset angle may reduce cogging torque and may be selected for use in certain motor optimization schemes.

Each coil 310 includes: a first axial section 311 opposite to the inner circumferential wall of the first radial rotor 10; a second axial section 312 opposite the outer peripheral wall of the second radial rotor 20; and connection sections 313 connected to both ends of the first axial section 311 and the second axial section 312, respectively. The first axial segment 311 is opposite to the first radial magnet unit 11, the second axial segment 312 is opposite to the second radial magnet unit 21, and the connection segment 313 connects the first axial segment 311 and the second axial segment 312 from both ends of the stator core 30. The first axial segment 311 and the second axial segment 312 form two effective sides of the coil, respectively.

Specifically, the stator core 30 has a plurality of stator outer slots 321 axially formed in an outer peripheral wall thereof, the stator outer slots 321 are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction of the stator core 30, and the number of the stator outer slots 321 is equal to the number of the coils 310. The stator core 30 has stator inner slots 322 formed in an inner circumferential wall thereof to correspond to the stator outer slots 321 one by one, and each of the coils 310 is wound in one of the stator outer slots 321 and the corresponding stator inner slot 322, so that the coil 310 is wound on the stator yoke 320 between the stator outer slot 321 and the stator inner slot 322.

Each set of corresponding stator outer slots 321 and stator inner slots 322 is used to arrange one coil 310, so that the matching structure of the coil 310 and the magnet unit of the motor can be an M-slot 2P pole, for example, the schematic diagram shown in fig. 3 is 9-slot 12 poles, that is, 9 windings match 6 pairs (12) of magnet units (calculated by the number of the first radial magnet units 11 or the second radial magnet units 21).

With the same magnet amount, the magnetic density of the stator yoke part is reduced along with the increase of the pole number of the magnet units (the size of the single magnet unit is reduced).

The first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 may have a rotor yoke and a magnet unit, respectively, i.e. the first radial rotor 10 may comprise a first radial rotor yoke 12 and a plurality of first radial magnet units 11, and the second radial rotor 20 may comprise a second radial rotor yoke 22 and a plurality of second radial magnet units 21. Wherein the first radial rotor yoke 12 and the second radial rotor yoke 22 are coaxial with the stator core 30, respectively. The first radial rotor yoke 12 is provided at a distance from the outer circumferential wall of the stator core 30. The plurality of first radial magnet units 11 are respectively arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction against the inner wall of the first radial rotor yoke 12.

The second radial rotor yoke 22 is coaxial with the stator core 30 and is provided at an interval from the inner circumferential wall of the stator core 30. The plurality of second radial magnet units 21 are respectively arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction against the outer wall of the second radial rotor yoke 22.

The cross-sectional shapes of the first radial magnet unit 11 and the second radial magnet unit 21 are respectively set to be arc-shaped. I.e. in the form of an arc-shaped plate (or tile) as a whole. The first radial magnet units 11 and the second radial magnet units 21 are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and specific angular intervals may be set according to the number. For example, for a 12-pole magnet unit, adjacent magnet units are spaced 30 degrees apart; and 4 pole magnet units, adjacent magnet units being spaced 90 degrees apart.

The equivalent magnetic pole directions of the plurality of first radial magnet units 11 are alternately arranged, that is, N, S poles are alternately arranged. As shown in fig. 3, the directions of the arrows in the first radial magnet unit 11 and the second radial magnet unit 21 are equivalent magnetic pole directions. The first radial magnet units 11 are arranged in the order (described in the direction of the equivalent magnetic pole toward the axial center) of N-pole-S-N-pole- … …. Accordingly, the second radial magnet unit 21 is arranged in the order (described in the direction away from the axial center toward the equivalent magnetic pole of the corresponding first radial magnet unit) of N-S-N- … …. Thereby forming an N pole opposite to the N pole and an S pole opposite to the S pole and forming an N-N type double-rotor magnetic pole arrangement mode.

Alternatively, the equivalent magnetic poles of the plurality of first radial magnet units 11 may also all face in the same direction. That is, the magnetic poles of the first radial magnet unit 11 facing the axis are all N poles, and correspondingly, the magnetic poles of the second radial magnet unit 21 facing the corresponding first radial magnet unit 11 away from the axis are also N poles; or the magnetic poles of the first radial magnet unit 11 facing the shaft center are all S poles, and correspondingly, the magnetic poles of the second radial magnet unit 21 facing away from the shaft center and corresponding to the first radial magnet unit are also S poles. I.e. the first radial magnet unit 11 and the second radial magnet unit 12 form an alternating pole structure.

The first radial magnet unit 11 and the second radial magnet unit 21 may be completely opposite to each other, or may have a certain offset angle.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of parts of a unit motor in which pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding are fitted according to another embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic axial sectional view of the unit motor shown in fig. 4. In the unit motor of the co-annular yoke winding slot-fitted stator according to this embodiment, the outer circumferential wall and the inner circumferential wall of the stator core 30 are respectively continuous and complete wall surfaces, and the coils 310 are directly wound on the yoke portion of the stator core 30 and may be uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the stator core 30. That is, the stator core 30 does not need to be grooved, and the coil 310 is directly wound around the circumferential wall of the stator core 30 and may be fixed by bonding, welding, or the like. The motor of the embodiment is a pole slot matching structure with 3 windings and 4 poles, the 3 windings are respectively spaced at an angle of 120 degrees, and the magnet units are spaced at an angle of 90 degrees. The first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 are identical to the embodiment with the slot and will not be described in detail here.

For the embodiment with only one radial rotor, one of the first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 may be omitted, and the structure of the stator core 30 is the same as that of the embodiment with the inner and outer radial rotors, which is not described herein again.

The unit motor matched with the pole slots of the homodromous yoke winding in the embodiment can be suitable for various motor types such as a permanent magnet motor, a switched reluctance motor, a synchronous reluctance motor and the like, and can be expanded and applied to various structures such as a single stator-single rotor, a double stator-single rotor, a multi-stator-multi-rotor and the like; and the motors with radial magnetic flux, axial magnetic flux, transverse magnetic flux, straight line, rotation and the like can be realized.

Fig. 6 is an overall structural view of a unit motor having a homodyne-yoke winding pole slot fitted with axial terminals according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 is an exploded view of components of the unit motor shown in fig. 6. The

rotors

40, 50 are disposed at intervals from the axial ends of the stator core 30, and the equivalent pole directions of the

magnet units

41, 51 on the

rotors

40, 50 are disposed parallel to the axial direction of the stator core 30, opposite to the sections of the coils 310 at the axial ends of the stator core 30.

The

rotors

40, 50 may include a first axial rotor 40 and a second axial rotor 50. The first axial rotor 40 is disposed coaxially with the stator core 30, is located at a first axial end of the stator core 30, and forms an air gap with an axial end wall of the stator core 30, a plurality of first axial magnet units 41 are disposed on a side of the first axial rotor 40 facing the axial end wall of the stator core 30, and an equivalent pole direction of the first axial magnet units 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the stator core.

The second axial rotor 50 is disposed coaxially with the stator core 30, at a second end of the stator core 30 in the axial direction, and forms an air gap with an axial end wall of the stator core 30, a plurality of second axial magnet units 51 are disposed on a side of the second axial rotor 50 facing the axial end wall of the stator core 30, and an equivalent magnetic pole direction of the second axial magnet units 50 is parallel to the axial direction of the stator core.

The first axial rotor 40 and the second axial rotor 50 are configured to rotate at the same speed, and the first axial magnet units 41 are opposite to the second axial magnet units 51 one by one, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the opposite first axial magnet units 41 and second axial magnet units 51 are set to be opposite to the same-name magnetic pole.

The equivalent magnetic pole directions of the plurality of first axial magnet units 41 are alternately arranged, that is, N, S poles are alternately arranged. As shown in fig. 7. The first axial magnet units 41 are arranged in the order of north-south-north-south. Accordingly, the second axial magnet unit 51 is arranged in the order of N-S-N-S. Thereby forming an N pole opposite to the N pole and an S pole opposite to the S pole and forming an N-N type double-rotor magnetic pole arrangement mode.

Alternatively, the equivalent magnetic poles of the plurality of first axial magnet units 41 may also all face in the same direction. That is, the magnetic poles of the first axial magnet unit 41 on the side facing the stator core 30 are both N poles (or S poles), and correspondingly, the magnetic poles of the second axial magnet unit 51 on the side facing the stator core 30 are both N poles (or S poles).

All the coils 310 of the M-phase winding 31 of the stator core 30 may be arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator core 30, respectively, with the only difference being that they are opposed to the

magnet units

41, 51 with their axial end sections.

The first axial magnet units 41 and the second axial magnet units 51 are opposite to each other, and may be completely opposite to each other or may have a certain offset angle. Embodiments in which opposing magnet units have an offset angle may reduce cogging torque and may be selected for use in certain motor optimization schemes.

The M-phase winding 31 may likewise be a three-phase winding. When the three-phase windings 31 are respectively supplied with three-phase ac power, the motor functions as a three-phase motor. The three-phase windings 31 are respectively connected with the same-phase alternating current, and the motor is used as a single-phase motor. Each of the three phase windings 31 may include a plurality of coils 310. For example, the motor shown in fig. 7 has one coil 310 per phase winding 31 and one rotor has 4 magnet units, i.e., a 3-slot 4-pole axial rotor mating structure.

For embodiments having only one axial rotor, one of the first axial rotor 40 and the second axial rotor 50 may be omitted and will not be described in detail herein.

The embodiment is mainly improved aiming at the matching of the winding and the magnet unit, can be expanded to be used for various motor types such as a permanent magnet motor, a switched reluctance motor, a synchronous reluctance motor and the like, and can be expanded to be applied to various structures such as a single stator-single rotor, a double stator-single rotor, a multi-stator-multi-rotor and the like; and the motor with radial magnetic flux, axial magnetic flux, transverse magnetic flux, straight line, rotation and the like can be realized.

Still referring to radial flux machines, those skilled in the art will readily realize axial flux and other types of machines based on the description of radial flux.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a stator core having a simplest winding form of a unit motor in which homodyne-ring yoke winding pole slots are fitted according to an embodiment of the present invention. The stator core with the simplest winding form is provided with three stator outer slots 321 at intervals of 120 degrees on the outer side and three stator inner slots 322 at corresponding positions on the inner side. A. B, C three phase winding ring stator yoke 320 is disposed within the axial through slot.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a fitting structure of the stator core shown in fig. 8 and 4 magnetic poles, and fig. 10 is a circumferential development view of the fitting result shown in fig. 9. The dotted line in the figure is a magnetic induction line, the N pole of the first radial magnet unit 11 is opposite to the N pole of the second radial magnet unit 21, and the S pole of the first radial magnet unit 11 is opposite to the S pole of the second radial magnet unit 21; the magnetic poles of the first radial magnet units 11 are alternately arranged.

A. B, C the coils 310 of each phase of the three-phase ring yoke winding have the same direction of current introduction. Wherein AP is the incoming line end of the A-phase current, AN represents the outgoing line end of the A-phase current; BP is the incoming line end of the phase B current, and BN represents the outgoing line end of the phase B current; CP is the incoming end of the C-phase current, CN is the outgoing end of the C-phase current (in the following description of the present embodiment, P is the incoming end, and N is the outgoing end); the stator core 30 can be associated with any rotor of opposite poles.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a unit motor with a 3-slot 4-pole fitting structure for pole-slot fitting of a homodromous yoke winding according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 12 is an exploded view of components of the unit motor shown in fig. 11. Fig. 11 and 12 are schematic structural views of the embodiments shown in fig. 8 to 10. The stator core 30 of the unit motor of this embodiment is provided with three stator outer slots 321 at intervals of 120 degrees on the outer side and three stator inner slots 322 at corresponding positions on the inner side, and the a, B, C three-phase coil 310 is wound around the stator core along the length direction of the stator core 30 along the stator outer slots 321 and the stator inner slots 322.

The first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 are respectively disposed coaxially with the stator core 30, wherein the first radial rotor 10 is located at an outer periphery of the stator core 30, and the second radial rotor 20 is located in a central hole of the stator core 30. Four first radial magnet units 11 are uniformly arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the first radial rotor 10, and the equivalent magnetic pole direction of the first radial magnet units 11 is along the radial direction of the stator core 30, that is, the N pole or S pole of the first radial magnet unit 11 is opposite to the axial center direction of the stator core 30. The four first radial magnet units 11 may be single tile-shaped single magnets or may be a Halbach array spliced to form a magnet unit.

Four second radial magnet units 21 are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the second radial rotor 20, and the equivalent magnetic pole direction of each second radial magnet unit 21 is arranged opposite to one first radial magnet unit 11. If the S pole of the first radial magnet unit 11 faces the axial center, the S pole of the second radial magnet unit 21 opposite to the first radial magnet unit 11 faces the radial outside, and the N pole faces the axial center. When the motor is operated, the first radial rotor 10 and the second radial rotor 20 rotate at the same speed, so that the first radial magnet unit 11 and the second radial magnet unit 21 maintain the opposite positions.

The performance advantages of the motor of this embodiment will be further described by comparing the unit motor of this embodiment with the integral-slot winding motor and the fractional-slot winding motor. Fig. 13 is an axial schematic view of a prior art motor having an integer slot winding, and fig. 14 is a combined vector diagram of winding back emf for the motor shown in fig. 13. Fig. 15 is an axial schematic view of a prior art motor having fractional slot windings, and fig. 16 is a composite vector diagram of winding back emf for the motor shown in fig. 15. Fig. 17 is an axial schematic view of a unit motor in which pole slots of windings of a homodromous yoke are fitted according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 18 is a vector diagram of a resultant back electromotive force of windings of the motor shown in fig. 17. Although the minimum winding number of the integer-slot winding and the fractional-slot winding is 6, and the minimum coil number of the same-direction yoke winding is 3 (as shown in fig. 8), the same-direction yoke winding shown in fig. 17 still adopts 6 coils for comparison.

Since the excitation operation mechanisms on both sides of the stator core 30 are the same, the outside of the first radial rotor 10 is analyzed as an example. The coil arrangement of the integer slot winding shown in fig. 13 is AP, CN, BP, AN, CP, BN, and the pole slot matching is 6 slots and 2 poles. The fractional slot windings shown in fig. 15 are arranged in AP, AN, BP, BN, CP, CN and the pole slot matching is 6 slots and 4 poles. The coil arrangement of the homodromous yoke winding shown in fig. 17 is AP, BP, CP, and the pole-slot matching is 6 slots and 4 poles.

By comparing the winding back emf synthesis of fig. 14, 16, 18, taking the first radial rotor of phase a as an example, it can be seen that the integer slot winding E is an integer slot winding E _A ＝E _AP1 +E _AN2 ＝2E _AP1 Fractional slot winding

Homodromous yoke winding E _A ＝E _AP1 +E _AN2 ＝2E _AP1 That is, the same-direction loop yoke winding has the same back electromotive force synthesizing capability as the integer slot. In the figure, E _AP1 、E _AN2 、E _BP1 、E _BN2 、E _CP1 、E _CN2 Electromotive forces of the windings, respectively, and E _A 、E _B 、E _C Is the back electromotive force of each phase.

Fig. 19 is a comparison graph of output torque of the three winding types shown in fig. 13, 15 and 17 under the same conditions. In the figure, a curve L1 is an output torque curve of the winding structure motor shown in fig. 13, and the average torque is calculated to be 9.97Nm; l2 is an output torque curve of the winding structure motor shown in fig. 15, and the average torque thereof is calculated to be 8.43Nm; l3 is an output torque curve of the winding structure motor shown in fig. 17, and the average torque thereof was calculated to be 10.09Nm. It can be seen that the homodromous yoke winding motor of the present embodiment has substantially the same torque output capability as the integer slot winding motor and is significantly higher than the output torque of the fractional slot winding motor.

The reason why the torque density of the pole-slot fitting method of the present embodiment is larger than that of the integer slot and the conventional fractional slot winding is as follows: compared with an integral slot winding, the output force is the same under the same electromagnetic load, however, the homodromous ring yoke winding of the embodiment can be matched with more pole pairs, so that the magnetic circuit is shorter, the magnetic densities of the yoke parts of the stator and the rotor are smaller, the thickness of the yoke parts can be reduced, and the size of the motor is reduced. Compared with the fractional slot winding, under the same structure, the same-direction yoke winding of the same-direction yoke winding has higher back electromotive force constant, larger output force and higher torque density.

Taking a three-phase three-slot as an example, in the selection of the pole slot matching manner in this embodiment, the electrical angle of the phase angle between the three-phase windings is β = (360 × n)/3, and the electrical angle of the phase angle between the three-phase windings will be increased by 120 ° every time a pair of magnetic poles is added. As 3 slots and 2 poles (P = 1), the phase difference of the three-phase winding is 120 °;3 slots and 4 poles (P = 2), and the phase between three-phase windings is 240 ° respectively; 3 slots, 6 poles (P = 3), and the phases between the three phase windings are 360 ° respectively. When P =3k ₂ (k ₂ Any positive integer), A, B, C three-phase windings have the same phase, the unit motor is used as a single-phase motor, that is, for the three-phase windings, under the conditions of 6-pole, 12-pole and 18-pole … …, the motor is used for introducing single-phase alternating current, and the three-phase windings are arranged in parallel to form the single-phase motor. From the above, the A, B, C three-phase homodromous yoke winding can be matched with any number of pole pairs of magnet units.

Fig. 9 shows a 3-slot 4-pole mating structure. Fig. 20 is an axial schematic view of a co-rotating ring yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor having a 3-slot 6-pole fitting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 21 is an axial schematic view of a homopolar yoke winding pole-slot mated unit motor having a 3-slot, 8-pole mating configuration in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the schematic diagram, the person skilled in the art can further realize the matching structure of 3 slots 10 poles and 3 slots 12 poles. Fig. 22 is a graph showing back emf curves for different pole slot configurations of the motor. In fig. 21, L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 are curves of back electromotive forces of 3 slots 4 poles, 3 slots 6 poles, 3 slots 8 poles, 3 slots 10 poles, and 3 slots 12 poles according to the rotor position, respectively. As can be seen, the above-mentioned construction can generate back electromotive force, and the motor can be normally operated.

Fig. 23 is a back emf curve diagram for the motor of fig. 9. The number of the first radial magnet units of the machine is 2 times the number of windings. As can be seen from the figure. A. B, C three-phase winding back emf is in phase.

Fig. 24 is an axial schematic view of a unitary motor having a 4-phase winding with co-annular yoke winding pole slot mating in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The stator winding is 4 slots and is a 4-slot 6-pole matching structure. The arrangement sequence of the homodromous windings is AP, BP, CP and DP. Fig. 25 is an axial schematic view of a unit motor with 5-phase winding co-annular yoke winding pole slot mating according to one embodiment of the present invention. The stator winding is a 5-slot 8-pole matching structure, and the arrangement sequence of the homodromous windings is AP, BP, CP, DP and EP. The remaining configuration is the same as that of the motor of the other embodiments except for the number of coils, and a repeated description thereof will not be made.

The above-described motor with 4-phase winding and the motor with 5-phase winding operate in a similar manner to the motor with 3-phase winding. The pole slot matching form of the M-phase motor is an M-slot 2P pole, and P is any positive integer. When a pair of magnetic poles is added to the rotor, the electric angle between each two phases of the stator winding is increased by (360/m) °. For a 4-phase winding motor, the interphase electrical angle is 90 degrees for 4 slots and 2 poles; 4, 4 grooves and 4 poles, wherein the interphase electrical angle is 180 degrees; 4, 6 poles in the groove, and the interphase electric angle is 270 degrees; 4, grooves and 8 poles, and the interphase electric angle is 360 degrees; i.e., the pole pair number P =4, the counter electromotive forces of the phase windings are in the same phase. For a 5-phase winding motor, 5 slots and 2 poles form an interphase electric angle of 72 degrees; 5, 4 poles in the groove, wherein the interphase electric angle is 144 degrees; 5, 6 poles in the groove, wherein the interphase electric angle is 21 degrees; 5, grooves and 8 poles, wherein the interphase electric angle is 288 degrees; 5, grooves and 10 poles, wherein the interphase electric angle is 360 degrees; i.e., the pole pair number P =5, the counter electromotive forces of the phase windings are in the same phase.

It follows that for any M-phase motor based on a homodromous yoke winding, the pole slot fitting form is M slots 2P poles (P is any positive integer), when P = k ₁ M(k ₁ Any positive integer), the motor is a single-phase motor.

On the basis of the above figure, a person skilled in the art can realize motors of other phase numbers.

Fig. 26 is an axial schematic view of a unit motor having a 3-phase winding with a plurality of windings respectively fitted to the pole slots of a homodyne yoke winding according to an embodiment of the present invention. Each of the 3-phase windings has a plurality of coils (2 are shown in the figure), i.e. distributed windings are used, each phase winding occupying two consecutive stator slots, i.e. a =2. The coil arrangement order is AP1, AP2, BP1, BP2, CP1, CP2. When a distributed winding is used, the winding is,the influence of the groove pitch angle α needs to be taken into account, α = (360 × n)/(m × a), and EA = E needs to be satisfied _AP1 +E _AP2 Not equal to 0, i.e. the number of pole pairs P ≠ k ₁ *M(k ₁ Is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple).

Fig. 27 is an axial schematic view of a co-rotating ring yoke winding pole-slot-fitted unit motor with multiple windings having a 6-slot 6-pole fitting configuration. AP1 and AP2 are respectively positioned under the N pole and the S pole, the generated counter electromotive forces are mutually counteracted, the overall counter electromotive force is 0, and the motor cannot normally run.

It follows that for a motor with an M-phase winding distribution equidirectional winding structure, the number of slots occupied by each phase is a (a)>1) The pole slot matching mode can be a × M slot 2P pole, but P = k is excluded ₁ *M(k ₁ Is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple), for example, in a 3-phase 6-slot configuration, it is necessary to exclude the case of 6 poles, 18 poles, and 24 poles … ….

Fig. 28 is an axial schematic view of a unit motor with co-rotating yoke winding pole slots having the same pole orientation in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The motor of this embodiment differs from the motors of the other embodiments only in the distribution of the rotor poles, i.e. in a motor with alternating poles of the magnet units. The equivalent magnetic pole directions of the first

radial magnet units

121, 122, 123, 124 and the second radial magnet units are the same, i.e. the N pole or S pole faces the axial center. The four first

radial magnet units

121, 122, 123, 124 are shown with the south poles facing inward and the north poles facing outward, for example. The middle of the two magnet units with the same polarity is a salient pole iron core or an air gap. The rotor of the embodiment is composed of the magnet units with the same polarity and the salient pole iron core, the salient pole iron core can be equivalent to an S pole magnet unit in the actual motor work, and the working principle is similar to that of a motor with other poles N, S arranged alternately.

Fig. 29 is a connection diagram of coils of a unit motor fitted with pole slots of a homodromous yoke winding according to an embodiment of the present invention. Each phase winding has a coils, the coils of the same phase winding are arranged adjacently, the arrangement sequence of all the coil groups is A1 coil, A2 coil, … … Aa coil, B1 coil, B2 coil, … … Ba coil, C1 coil, C2 coil, … … Ca coil, … …, M1 coil, M2 coil, … … Ma coil, wherein A1 coil, A2 coil, … … Aa coil and the like all belong to A phase winding, namely the same phase winding, and other phases are similar. The head ends of the A1 coil, the A2 coil and the … … Aa coil are positioned on the same side (for example, the side facing the rotor on one side), the tail ends of the A1 coil, the A2 coil and the … … Aa coil are positioned on the opposite same side (for example, the side facing the rotor on the other side), the tail end of the A1 coil is connected with the head end of the A2 coil, the tail end of the A2 coil is connected with the head end of the A3 coil, and the like, so that the coils of the A-phase winding are connected in series. The alternating current is connected from the head end of the A1 coil or the end of the Aa coil, and the other end of the head end of the A1 coil or the end of the Aa coil and the leading-out terminals of other phases can be connected together or connected in a triangular or star shape. For a dual radial rotor motor, the head end of the coil may be located outside; the ends of the coil may be located inside. For a dual axial rotor motor, the head end of the coil may be located at one axial end; the end of the coil may be located at the other axial end.

The coils of the remaining phases have the same connection. Fig. 29 shows a 6-slot structure with a =2, and the arrow in the drawing indicates the current direction. On the basis of which the skilled person can realize other coil structures with a > 2.

The above-described examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. In the present embodiment, only the case of 3-phase winding, 4-phase winding, and 5-phase winding (i.e., M =3, 4, and 5), and the case of 1 or 2 windings (a =1 or 2) per phase winding are described as an example. In addition, the application of the same-direction ring yoke winding on the alternating-pole motor is also briefly described. The invention can also be expanded to the condition of any M-phase multi-slot, and the idea can also be expanded to other structures such as a permanent magnet motor, a switched reluctance motor, a synchronous reluctance motor and the like, and can also be applied to various structures such as a single stator-single rotor, a double stator-single rotor, a multi-stator-multi-rotor and the like; the magnetic flux generator can be applied to radial magnetic flux, axial magnetic flux, transverse magnetic flux, linear and rotary motors and the like.

In the description of the present embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms "axial," "radial," "axial," "circumferential," "inner," "outer," and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, which are used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or component must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature, i.e., one or more such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. When a feature "comprises or comprises" a or some of its intended features, this indicates that other features are not excluded and that other features may be further included, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "connected," "disposed," and the like are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections or integral parts thereof; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the description of the present embodiment have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

In the description of the present embodiments, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A unit motor in which pole slots of windings of yokes are fitted in the same direction, comprising:

a stator core;

the winding comprises a coils, wherein the coils surround a yoke part of the stator core, M and a are respectively positive integers, and all the coils of the M-phase winding have the same winding direction;

one or two rotors, each of which is provided with a plurality of magnet units opposite to one side of the coil with equivalent magnetic poles of the magnet units facing the coil; wherein

In the case where a =1, the number of magnet units on each of the rotors is set to a positive even number;

at a>1, coils of the windings of each phase are adjacently arranged; the number of the magnet units on each rotor is 2P, and P is not equal to k ₁ * M is a positive integer, where k ₁ Is a positive integer not equal to a positive integer multiple.

2. The homodromous yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

In the case of a >1, the a coils of the windings of each phase are connected in series, the head ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on a first side of the stator core facing one rotor, the tail ends of the a coils are respectively positioned on a second side of the stator core opposite to the first side, the tail end of the previous coil is connected with the head end of the next coil, so that the head end of each phase winding and the head end of each coil are positioned on the same side, and the tail end of each phase winding and the tail end of each coil are positioned on the same side; and each phase of the winding is electrified with alternating current along the head end of the winding or along the tail end of the winding.

3. The homodromous yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

In the case of a =1, when the number of magnet units on each rotor is an even multiple of M, the M-phase windings are used for receiving alternating currents of the same phase, thereby forming a single-phase motor, and when the number of magnet units on each rotor is not equal to the even multiple of M, the M-phase windings are respectively used for receiving alternating currents of multiple phases, thereby forming a multiple-phase motor, and each phase of the windings forms an effective edge on the first side facing one of the rotors;

in the case of a >1, the M-phase windings are each used for switching in a multi-phase alternating current, so as to form a multi-phase motor, and the windings of each phase form a continuous a effective side on the first side facing one of the rotors.

4. The co-rotating yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 3, wherein M =3, and

in the case of the unit motor as a multi-phase motor, the 3-phase windings are respectively used for accessing one phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply; or

In the case of the unit motor as a single-phase motor, the 3-phase windings are each used for receiving an ac current of the same phase.

5. The homodromous yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

M =3,3 said windings each comprising one of said coils; and four of the magnet units are arranged on each rotor, thereby forming a 3-winding 4-pole matching structure.

6. The co-rotating yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

The stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots, and each stator slot is used for arranging one coil; or

The stator core has a continuous and complete wall surface, and the coil is directly wound on the stator core.

7. The homodromous yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

8. The homodromous yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

The rotor is arranged at a radial interval from the stator core, and the equivalent magnetic pole direction of the magnet unit on the rotor is arranged along the radial direction of the stator core and is opposite to the section of the coil on the peripheral wall of the stator core.

9. The homodromous yoke winding pole slot mating unit motor as claimed in claim 8, wherein

The rotor includes a first radial rotor and a second radial rotor, and

the second radial rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator core, is positioned in a central hole of the stator core, and forms an air gap with the inner peripheral wall of the stator core;

10. The co-rotating yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein

The rotor is disposed at an interval from an axial end of the stator core, and an equivalent pole direction of a magnet unit on the rotor is disposed parallel to the axial direction of the stator core, opposite to a section of the coil at the axial end of the stator core.

11. The co-rotating yoke winding pole slot-fitted unit motor as claimed in claim 10, wherein

The rotor includes a first axial rotor and a second axial rotor, and

the first axial rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator core, is positioned at a first axial end of the stator core, and forms an air gap with an axial end wall of the stator core, a plurality of first axial magnet units are arranged on one side of the first axial rotor, which faces the axial end wall of the stator core, and equivalent magnetic poles of the first axial magnet units are parallel to the axial direction of the stator core;

the first axial rotor and the second axial rotor are configured to rotate at the same speed, the first axial magnet units are opposite to the second axial magnet units one by one, and the equivalent magnetic pole directions of the opposite first axial magnet units and the second axial magnet units are set to be opposite to the same magnetic pole.