CN115333215B - Electric energy supply system and method - Google Patents
Electric energy supply system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115333215B CN115333215B CN202211252643.6A CN202211252643A CN115333215B CN 115333215 B CN115333215 B CN 115333215B CN 202211252643 A CN202211252643 A CN 202211252643A CN 115333215 B CN115333215 B CN 115333215B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/0315—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for using multiplexing techniques
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1415—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
- H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, in particular to an electric energy supply system and method. The system comprises a power supply device and a connecting device, wherein the power supply device is fixedly connected with the connecting device, the connecting device is detachably connected with a vehicle body of a vehicle to be powered, an electric energy output end of the power supply device is connected with a storage battery of the vehicle to be powered, and the power supply device comprises an energy pickup module and an electric energy management module which are electrically connected. This system is fixed in the automobile body of waiting to mend electric vehicle through connecting device, energy conversion in drawing the environment through the benefit device is the electric energy, and provide the battery to waiting to mend electric vehicle, acquire electric energy supply vehicle based on multiple energy pickup module, can replace artifical benefit electricity, automatic maintenance battery benefit electricity and maintenance, avoid taking place battery insufficient voltage phenomenon, the installation and the non-invasive access mode of magnetism subassembly are inhaled, can make this system need not any instrument alright install automobile body or frame, the installation of system, it is high to dismantle the convenience, the maintenance efficiency of vehicle battery is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, in particular to an electric energy supply system and method.
Background
For a traditional fuel oil automobile, a vehicle-mounted control system of the traditional fuel oil automobile usually adopts a low-voltage lead-acid storage battery (12V or 24V) for power supply, even if the automobile is not started, the self-discharge phenomenon of the storage battery and an automobile monitoring system can consume the energy of the battery, the continuous power consumption can cause insufficient voltage of the battery, the automobile starting is influenced slightly, the service life of the battery is shortened, and the battery can be completely scrapped seriously.
In order to compensate for the loss of the automobile battery and maintain the voltage required by normal operation, energy of the low-voltage battery needs to be supplemented. The most commonly adopted method is to use a portable charger or start an automobile generator to regularly and manually supplement the power of the lead-acid storage battery, even under the condition of serious loss of the battery, a storage battery of dozens of kilograms needs to be disassembled and then professionally maintained, the whole process is completely completed manually, the maintenance cost is greatly increased, and the consistency of the electric quantity of the battery cannot be ensured by manual voltage measurement and power supplement operation time setting.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application embodiment mainly solved is that it is power consumptive consuming time to carry out the process of mend the electricity to automobile storage battery, and the operation is complicated and the maintenance cost is high.
In order to solve the above technical problem, one technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present application is: the utility model provides an electric energy replenishment system, including benefit electric installation and connecting device, the benefit electric installation with connecting device fixed connection, connecting device is connected with the automobile body detachable who treats benefit electric vehicle, the electric energy output of benefit electric installation is used for connecting treat the battery of benefit electric vehicle, the benefit electric installation includes:
the energy picking module comprises at least one energy conversion unit, and the energy conversion unit is used for acquiring energy in the environment and converting the environment energy into input electric energy;
the electric energy management module is electrically connected with the energy pickup module and comprises a control chip and at least one converter electrically connected with the control chip, the at least one converter corresponds to the at least one energy conversion unit in a one-to-one mode, the electric energy output end of the at least one converter is used for being connected with a storage battery of the vehicle to be compensated, and the control chip is used for controlling the at least one converter to convert the input electric energy into output electric energy to charge the storage battery of the vehicle to be compensated.
Optionally, the control chip is further configured to detect power of the input electric energy corresponding to each energy conversion unit, and control an operating state of the at least one converter based on the power to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be recharged, where the operating state includes an operating mode and a standby mode.
Optionally, the connecting device is a magnetic attraction assembly, the magnetic attraction assembly comprises a connecting piece and a permanent magnet, the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is used for being adsorbed on a vehicle body of the vehicle to be electrified, and the electricity supply device is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet through the connecting piece.
Optionally, the energy conversion unit is a photovoltaic module unit, the electric energy management module includes a first converter, the photovoltaic module unit is electrically connected to the first converter, the photovoltaic module unit is configured to convert light energy into first input electric energy and provide the first input electric energy to the first converter, and the control chip controls the first converter to convert the first input electric energy into output electric energy to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be recharged.
Optionally, the photovoltaic module unit includes a plurality of series/parallel connected photovoltaic cells, and output terminals of the plurality of series/parallel connected photovoltaic cells are electrically connected to input terminals of the first converter.
Optionally, the energy conversion unit is a wind turbine generator unit, the electric energy management module includes a second converter, the wind turbine generator unit is electrically connected to the second converter, the wind turbine generator unit is configured to convert wind energy into second input electric energy, and provide the second input electric energy to the second converter, the control chip controls the second converter to convert the second input electric energy into output electric energy, so as to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be recharged.
Optionally, the wind turbine unit includes a micro dc generator, the micro dc generator is provided with a flexible paddle and a speed change gear, a rotation axis of the flexible paddle is engaged with the speed change gear, the speed change gear is connected to an armature end of the micro dc generator, and an output end of the micro dc generator is connected to an input end of the second converter.
Optionally, the energy conversion unit is a thermoelectric conversion unit, the electric energy management module includes a third converter, the thermoelectric conversion unit is electrically connected to the third converter, the thermoelectric conversion unit is configured to convert thermal energy into third input electric energy and provide the third input electric energy to the third converter, and the control chip controls the third converter to convert the third input electric energy into output electric energy to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be supplemented with electric energy.
Optionally, the thermoelectric conversion unit includes a thermoelectric sensing element and a microcontroller, the thermoelectric sensing element is electrically connected to the microcontroller, and an output end of the microcontroller is connected to an input end of the third converter.
In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present application is: there is provided an electric energy replenishment method applied to the electric energy replenishment system, the electric energy replenishment system including an energy pickup module and an electric energy management module, the energy pickup module including a photovoltaic module unit, a wind turbine unit and a thermoelectric conversion unit, the electric energy management module including a first converter corresponding to the photovoltaic module unit, a second converter corresponding to the wind turbine unit, and a third converter corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit, the method including:
detecting second power of the input electric energy corresponding to the wind turbine unit;
if the second power is larger than the charging power required by the storage battery, controlling the second converter to be in a working mode, and controlling the first converter and the third converter to be in a standby mode;
if the second power is smaller than the charging power, detecting a third power of the input electric energy corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit;
if the sum of the second power and the third power is greater than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to be in a working mode, and controlling the first converter to be in a standby mode;
and if the sum of the second power and the third power is less than the charging power, controlling the first converter, the second converter and the third converter to be in a working mode.
Optionally, the converter includes an input voltage sampling loop, an input current sampling loop, and a control loop, the control chip supports an MPPT function and a three-stage charging function, and the method further includes:
if the second power is larger than the charging power required by the storage battery, controlling the second converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery;
if the second power is smaller than the charging power and the sum of the second power and the third power is larger than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery;
if the sum of the second power and the third power is smaller than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery, and controlling the first converter to start the MPPT function to charge the storage battery.
Optionally, the method further includes:
adjusting the output power of the output electric energy according to a first preset algorithm;
when the output voltage span of the output electric energy is smaller than a preset threshold, starting a second preset algorithm to adjust the output power of the output electric energy until the output voltage span of the output electric energy is larger than the preset threshold, wherein the calculation complexity of the second preset algorithm is smaller than that of the first preset algorithm.
The system comprises a power supply device and a connecting device, wherein the power supply device is fixedly connected with the connecting device, the connecting device is detachably connected with a vehicle body of a vehicle to be powered, an electric energy output end of the power supply device is used for being connected with a storage battery of the vehicle to be powered, and the power supply device comprises an energy pickup module and an electric energy management module which are electrically connected. The system is fixed on a vehicle body of a vehicle to be supplemented with electricity through the connecting device, energy in the environment is extracted through the electricity supplementing device and converted into electric energy, the electric energy is provided to a storage battery of the vehicle to be supplemented with electricity, the vehicle is supplied with the electric energy based on various energy pickup modules such as wind, light and heat, the manual electricity supplementing and the maintenance of a low-voltage storage battery of the vehicle can be replaced, the electricity supplementing and the maintenance of the battery are automatically maintained, and the phenomenon that the storage battery is insufficient for the vehicle is avoided. In addition, the installation and the non-invasive access mode of subassembly are inhaled to magnetism, can make this system need not any instrument alright install automobile body or frame, and the electric energy output end directly links to each other with vehicle battery, and the installation of system, dismantlement convenience are high, and vehicle battery's maintenance efficiency is high.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated in corresponding drawings which are not intended to be limiting, in which elements having the same reference number designation may be referred to as similar elements throughout the drawings, unless otherwise specified, and in which the drawings are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an electric energy supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of an electrical energy replenishment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for supplying electric energy according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a control schematic diagram of an operating mode of the electric energy replenishment system according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a control schematic diagram of another operation mode of the electric energy replenishment system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a control schematic diagram of yet another operating mode of the electric energy replenishment system according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a control schematic diagram of a dual-loop competing output structure of the first converter provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a reference curve of an improved particle swarm algorithm based on a P-controlled variable curve provided by an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad application.
It should be noted that, if not conflicted, the individual features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with one another within the scope of protection of the present application. Additionally, while functional block divisions are performed in the device diagrams, with logical sequences shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the block divisions in the device diagrams, or the flowcharts.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, the electric energy replenishment system 100 includes an electric replenishment device 101 and a connection device 102, the electric replenishment device 101 is fixedly connected to the connection device 102, the connection device 102 is detachably connected to a vehicle body 201 of a vehicle to be replenished, that is, the electric replenishment device 101 is connected to the vehicle body 201 of the vehicle to be replenished through the connection device 102, and an electric energy output end of the electric replenishment device 101 is connected to a storage battery of the vehicle to be replenished.
The connecting device can be a magnetic component 13, as shown in fig. 1, the magnetic component 13 includes a connecting piece and a permanent magnet, the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet can be adsorbed on the body 201 of the vehicle to be electrified, and the electrification device 101 is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet through the connecting piece.
The permanent magnet may be a neodymium-iron-boron magnet, and the permanent magnet may be selected based on the mass of the electric energy supply system 100, for example, a permanent magnet whose magnetic force is enough to support twice the system weight may be selected, so as to ensure that the power supply device can be reliably fixed to the body of the vehicle to be powered. In some embodiments, the connecting member may be a connecting structure with a handle, and the permanent magnet may be easily removed from the vehicle body through the handle during use of a user.
The power supply device 101 comprises an energy pickup module 11 and an electric energy management module 12 electrically connected with the energy pickup module 11, wherein the energy pickup module 11 comprises at least one energy conversion unit, and fig. 1 shows an energy conversion unit a, an energy conversion unit b \8230, and an energy conversion unit n as an example, for example, the energy pickup module may only comprise one energy conversion unit a, may also comprise a combination of one energy conversion unit a and one energy conversion unit b, may also comprise a combination of two energy conversion units a and one energy conversion unit c, and the like. The energy conversion unit can obtain energy in the environment, such as thermal energy, wind energy or solar energy in the environment, and convert the environmental energy into input electric energy. It should be noted that the input electric energy described in the present application refers to the electric energy generated by the energy pickup module and provided to the electric energy management module, and it should be understood that the input electric energy generated by different energy conversion units is hereinafter distinguished by "first input electric energy", "second input electric energy", and "third input electric energy", where the expressions "first", "second", and "third" are only for convenience of description and are not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
The electric energy management module 12 comprises a control chip and at least one converter electrically connected with the control chip, wherein the at least one converter corresponds to the at least one energy conversion unit one by one, and a converter a and a converter b \8230aretaken as examples in fig. 1, wherein the converter a and the converter b \8230serveas examples, the converter n respectively corresponds to the energy conversion unit a and the energy conversion unit b \8230, and the energy conversion unit n corresponds to one by one. The electric energy output end of the at least one converter can be connected with a storage battery of the vehicle to be compensated, and the control chip can control the at least one converter to convert the input electric energy into output electric energy so as to charge the storage battery of the vehicle to be compensated. The control chip can also detect the power of the input electric energy corresponding to each energy conversion unit, and control the working state of the at least one converter based on the power to charge the storage battery of the vehicle to be recharged, wherein the working state comprises a working mode and a standby mode.
It should be noted that the relationship between one control chip and a plurality of inverters shown in fig. 1 is only an example of an embodiment, and in other embodiments, the relationship between the control chip and the plurality of inverters may be different from the example in the figure, for example, the relationship may also be that each inverter includes a control chip corresponding to the inverter, and each control chip is electrically connected to each other; the electric energy management module can also comprise a plurality of control chips, and each control chip respectively controls a plurality of controllers and the like. The plurality of chips CAN mutually transmit information through an RS485 communication protocol and an interface or a CAN communication network. It can be understood that the number and the connection relationship of the control chip and the plurality of converters can be selected according to the actual use situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
In the embodiment of the present application, taking three energy conversion units and three converters as examples, please refer to fig. 2, the energy pickup module 11 includes a photovoltaic module unit 111, a wind turbine unit 112, and a thermoelectric conversion unit 113, and corresponding to the photovoltaic module unit 111, the wind turbine unit 112, and the thermoelectric conversion unit 113, the electric energy management module 12 includes a first converter 121, a second converter 122, and a third converter 123, an electric energy output end of the electric energy management module 12 is connected to the storage battery 21 of the vehicle 200 to be compensated, in general, the storage battery 21 in the vehicle to be compensated is a low-voltage storage battery, and the electric energy management module 12 can convert input electric energy into output electric energy that the low-voltage storage battery can receive, so as to avoid a situation that the low-voltage storage battery is damaged due to an excessive current/voltage or unstable charging power.
The photovoltaic module unit 111 is electrically connected to the first converter 121, and the photovoltaic module unit 111 can convert light energy into first input electric energy and provide the first input electric energy to the first converter 121; the wind turbine unit 112 is electrically connected to the second converter 122, and the wind turbine unit 112 may convert wind energy into second input electric energy and provide the second input electric energy to the second converter 122; the thermoelectric conversion unit 113 is electrically connected to the third converter 123, and the thermoelectric conversion unit 113 may convert thermal energy into third input electric energy and supply the third input electric energy to the third converter. The control chip 124 controls the first inverter 121, the second inverter 122 and the third inverter 123 to convert the input electric energy into output electric energy to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be compensated.
Specifically, the photovoltaic module unit 111 may be a plurality of series/parallel connected photovoltaic cells, and output terminals of the plurality of series/parallel connected photovoltaic cells are electrically connected to input terminals of the first converter 121. When the system is used, the magnetic suction assembly can be selected to be attracted to a position where the vehicle body is illuminated, so that the photovoltaic cell can receive sunlight and convert light energy into first input electric energy, and the first converter 121 converts the first input electric energy into output electric energy to be provided to the low-voltage storage battery. Wherein, the one side of keeping away from the automobile body of subassembly can be fixed in photovoltaic cell's shady face through the connecting piece to magnetism.
The wind turbine unit 112 may be a micro dc generator, the micro dc generator is provided with a flexible paddle and a speed change gear, the rotation axis of the flexible paddle is engaged with the speed change gear, the speed change gear is connected to the armature end of the micro dc generator, the output end of the micro dc generator is connected to the input end of the second converter 122, and the second converter 122 converts the second input electric energy into the output electric energy to be provided to the low-voltage battery. When the system is used, the magnetic suction assembly can be selected to be adsorbed at the position blown by wind on the vehicle body, the airflow flows to drive the flexible paddle to rotate, and then the miniature direct-current generator is driven to generate electricity, so that wind energy is converted into second input electric energy.
The thermoelectric conversion unit 113 may be a thermoelectric sensing element electrically connected to the microcontroller, and a microcontroller having an output terminal connected to an input terminal of the third converter 123, wherein the third converter 123 converts the third input electric energy into output electric energy to be supplied to the low-voltage battery. The thermoelectric sensing element can be matched with the microcontroller to recover heat in the environment, for example, the energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell panel is generally only 10% to 20%, most of the rest energy is dissipated by heat, therefore, the thermoelectric sensing element can be arranged on the back of the photovoltaic cell panel, heat energy can be further utilized to generate electricity, and the utilization rate of the energy of the whole system is improved.
The electric energy supply system that this application embodiment provided can be fixed in the automobile body of waiting to mend electric vehicle through connecting device, draws the energy conversion in the environment through the moisturizing device and becomes the electric energy to provide the battery to waiting to mend electric vehicle. The system acquires electric energy to supply the vehicle based on various energy pickup modules such as wind, light and heat, can replace manual power supply and complete the maintenance of the low-voltage storage battery of the automobile, automatically maintains the power supply and the maintenance of the battery, and avoids the phenomenon of power shortage of the storage battery of the vehicle. In addition, the installation and the non-invasive access mode of subassembly are inhaled to magnetism, can make this system need not any instrument alright install automobile body or frame, and the electric energy output end directly links to each other with vehicle battery, and the installation of system, dismantlement convenience are high, and vehicle battery's maintenance efficiency is high.
The embodiment of the present application provides an electric energy supplementing method, which is applied to the electric energy supplementing system in the above embodiment, and in the embodiment of the present application, taking three energy conversion units and three converters as an example, with reference to fig. 2, the electric energy supplementing system includes an energy pickup module 11 and an electric energy management module 12, the energy pickup module 11 includes a photovoltaic module unit 111, a wind turbine unit 112 and a thermoelectric conversion unit 113, and the electric energy management module 12 includes a first converter 121 corresponding to the photovoltaic module unit 111, a second converter 122 corresponding to the wind turbine unit 112, and a third converter 123 corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit 113.
Please refer to fig. 3, the method includes:
s11, detecting second power of the input electric energy corresponding to the wind turbine unit 112; and judging the second power and the required charging power of the storage battery. The control chip can obtain the power of the input electric energy of the input end corresponding to each converter. In the embodiment of the present application, the second power is denoted as P wind Let the charging power required by the battery be P bat As shown in fig. 3:
if the second power P wind Is more than the charging power P required by the storage battery bat At this time, if the capacity of the wind turbine unit can meet the charging power of the storage battery, step S12 is executed to control the second converter 122 to be in the operating mode, and control the first converter 121 and the third converter 123 to be in the standby mode.
If the second power is less than the charging power P bat If yes, executing step S13, detecting a third power of the input electric energy corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit; and judging the sum of the second power and the third power and the magnitude of the charging power. Wherein, in the embodiment of the present application, the third power is denoted as P heat The sum of the second power and the third power is denoted as P wind +P heat As shown in fig. 3:
if the sum P of the second power and the third power wind +P heat Greater than the charging power P bat If the sum of the capacities of the wind turbine unit and the thermoelectric conversion unit can satisfy the charging power of the storage battery, step S14 is executed to control the second converter 122 and the third converter 123 to be in the operating mode, and control the first converter 121 to be in the standby mode.
If the sum P of the second power and the third power wind +P heat Less than the charging power P bat The sum of the capacities of the wind turbine unit and the thermoelectric conversion unit cannot satisfy the charging of the storage batteryIf the photovoltaic module unit is required to be matched with electric power, step S15 is executed to control the first converter 121, the second converter 122 and the third converter 123 to be in the working mode.
The converter comprises an input voltage sampling loop, an input current sampling loop and a control loop, wherein the control chip supports an MPPT (Maximum power point tracking) function and a three-section charging function. Wherein, the control loop of converter is output voltage electric current dicyclo mode, specifically is provided with output current loop and output voltage loop (also can be for short output voltage ring sum output current ring) for the process of three-period form charging is carried out to the battery to control, the three-period form function of charging shows: the converter can charge the lead-acid storage battery in three stages of constant current, constant voltage and floating charge by combining the input voltage sampling loop and the input current sampling loop and controlling the control chip through the control loop.
Specifically, in the three-stage charging process, the constant current charging stage means that an output voltage loop in the electric energy management module is saturated and fails, and an output current loop enables the output current to work at a set value. The current threshold of the output current loop is typically set to the maximum charging current allowed by the battery.
The constant voltage charging stage is that at the end of the constant current charging stage, the voltage of the storage battery gradually rises and exceeds a first charging voltage, an output voltage ring in the electric energy management module is desaturated, the output voltage is controlled, and the electric energy management module works with the first charging voltage. The first charging voltage is a voltage instruction in a constant voltage charging stage, namely, the voltage is switched to the constant voltage charging stage after reaching the voltage value, the value of the first charging voltage is determined by the parameter characteristics of the used storage battery, and is related to the type, the temperature and the capacity of the battery, for a common lead-acid storage battery, the first charging voltage is generally 1.2 to 1.3 times of the rated voltage of the battery, and the specific situation can refer to the parameter setting provided by a manufacturer.
The floating charging stage is that when the output current drops below the floating switching current at the end of the constant voltage charging stage, the instruction of the output voltage ring in the electric energy management module is switched from the first charging voltage to the second charging voltage, and the output voltage is controlled to be the second charging voltage. The second charging voltage is a voltage command of the floating charging stage, namely the second charging voltage is switched to the floating charging stage after the voltage value is reached, and the value of the second charging voltage is usually higher than the rated voltage of the storage battery and lower than the first charging voltage. The second charging voltage is generally used for maintaining the normal voltage of the battery and offsetting the self-discharge of the battery, and is generally 1.05 to 1.1 times of the rated voltage of the battery in relation to the self-discharge of the battery.
If the second power P wind Is greater than the charging power P required by the storage battery bat Then, the second converter 122 is controlled to enable the three-stage charging function to charge the battery.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an example of a system operation mode block diagram corresponding to step 12 provided in the embodiment of the present application, and it can be seen that only the second converter (the DC-DC converter 2 and the circuit portion where the DC-DC converter is located in the figure) in three converters of the system is turned on, the wind turbine unit generates power normally, the second input electric energy is provided to the second converter, and the second converter converts the second input electric energy into output electric energy that can directly supply power to the storage battery. The control loop of the second converter is in a double loop mode of output voltage and current, the storage battery is charged in a three-stage mode, and the output limit value of the output voltage is controlled to be the maximum current value I of the wind power generation power at the current moment wind_max Constant current charging current value I of storage battery char The minimum of the two.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 illustrates a control portion of the second converter in the voltage output process, the DC-DC converter 2 is configured to convert the second input electric energy generated by the fan assembly into output electric energy, the input end of the DC-DC converter 2 is connected to a circuit for detecting the wind power generation power, the wind power generation power detection portion is configured to detect a current value of the second input electric energy, and the control unit portion of the second converter is controlled in the control chip in combination with a constant current charging current value of the storage battery, and the modulation unit regulates and controls the second converter to charge the low-voltage storage battery in the constant current charging stage. When the voltage of the storage battery terminal gradually rises and exceeds the first charging voltage, the second converter enters a constant voltage charging stage, and the control unit partially controls the output voltage to charge the low-voltage storage battery by the first charging voltage. And at the end of the constant voltage charging stage, when the output current of the second transformer is reduced to be lower than the floating charge switching current, the second converter enters the floating charge stage, and the control unit controls the output voltage of the second transformer to be the second charging voltage to charge the storage battery.
The output current loop and the output voltage loop corresponding to the three-section charging can be of a double-loop structure of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, or can be output by competition of the output voltage loop and the output current loop, and a small control quantity is taken as output. Taking a photovoltaic power generation part as an example, fig. 7 is a control block diagram example of a dual-loop competitive output structure. When the MPPT function is not started, only the three-section type charging function is started to control the output voltage of the first converter, the control unit respectively detects the output of the output voltage loop and the output current loop, and after the output voltage loop and the output current loop are compared, the control unit takes a loop to calculate the output which is small and serves as the control quantity to modulate the output voltage; when the MPPT function is started, the MPPT control part and the three-section type charging control part compete for output, and the output voltage is modulated by taking a smaller control quantity.
It is understood that the first converter (DC-DC converter 1 in the figure) and the third converter (DC-DC converter 3 in the figure) in fig. 4 do not draw a peripheral circuit only for distinguishing the standby mode and the operation mode of the converters, and do not represent that the first converter and the third converter do not have a peripheral circuit, as in fig. 5 and 6 described below.
If the second power P wind Less than the charging power P bat And the sum P of the second power and the third power wind +P heat Greater than the charging power P bat At this time, the second inverter 122 and the third inverter 123 are controlled to activate the three-stage charging function to charge the battery.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is an example of an operation block diagram of a system corresponding to step S14 in the embodiment of the present application, in three converters of the system, a second converter (the DC-DC converter 2 and the circuit portion thereof in the figure) and a third converter (the DC-DC converter 3 and the circuit portion thereof in the figure) are turned on, a wind turbine unit and a thermoelectric conversion unit normally generate power, second input electric energy and third input electric energy are correspondingly provided to the second converter and the third converter, respectively, and then the second converter and the third converter convert the second input electric energy and the third input electric energy into output electric energy capable of directly supplying power to a storage battery. In the process, the second converter naturally works in a constant current charging mode, a control loop of the third converter is in a voltage and current output double-loop mode, the second converter and the third converter are connected in parallel to output, and the storage battery is charged in a three-section mode.
At the moment, the DC-DC converter 2 works in a constant current charging mode to provide P for the storage battery wind . As shown in FIG. 5, the DC-DC converter 3 is similar to the circuit control in FIG. 4, a circuit for detecting thermoelectric generation power is connected to an input terminal of the DC-DC converter 3, a current value of the third input electric power can be detected, and a control unit for controlling the third converter (a control unit on the left side of the DC-DC converter 3 in FIG. 5) is based on the detected current value (I) char -I wind_max ) And the third converter is regulated and controlled by combining the modulation unit to charge the storage battery in the constant-current charging stage. When the voltage of the storage battery gradually rises and exceeds the first charging voltage, the third converter enters a constant-voltage charging stage, and the control unit on the right side in the DC-DC converter 3 controls the output voltage of the third converter to charge the storage battery with the first charging voltage. And at the end of the constant voltage charging stage, when the output current of the third converter is reduced to be lower than the floating charge switching current, the third converter enters the floating charge stage, and the control unit controls the output voltage of the third converter to be at the second charging voltage to charge the storage battery. Wherein the output limit value of the output voltage ring of the third converter is the maximum current value I of the thermal power generation power at the current moment heat_max And (I) char -I wind_max ) Minimum of the two, wherein I char And charging the constant current value of the storage battery.
If the sum P of the second power and the third power wind +P heat Less than the charging power P bat Then, the second inverter 122 and the third inverter 123 are controlled to enable the three-stage charging function to charge the battery, and the battery is controlledThe first converter 121 enables the MPPT function to charge the battery.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is an example of a system operation mode block diagram corresponding to step S15 according to this embodiment of the present disclosure, where three converters of the system are all turned on, and three energy conversion units correspondingly output a first input electric energy, a second input electric energy, and a third input electric energy to the three converters, where the second converter and the third converter naturally operate in a constant current charging mode to provide P for the storage battery wind +P heat . The output limit of the output voltage loop of the first converter is (I) char -I wind_max - I heat_max ) The voltage of the working loop is determined by the combined action of MPPT and the output voltage and current double loops:
if the power of the photovoltaic module unit can support the three-section charging power, the MPPT function is not started, and the output voltage and current are selected to carry out three-section charging. At this time, the DC-DC converter 1 detects a current value (I) by a control unit of the first converter according to its own power char -I wind_max - I heat_max ) And the first converter is regulated and controlled by combining the modulation unit to charge the low-voltage storage battery in a constant-current charging stage. When the voltage of the storage battery is gradually increased and exceeds the first charging voltage, the first converter enters a constant voltage charging stage, and the control unit controls the output voltage of the first converter to charge the low-voltage storage battery with the first charging voltage. And at the end of the constant voltage charging stage, when the output current of the first converter drops below the floating charge switching current, the first converter enters the floating charge stage, and the control unit controls the output voltage to be the second charging voltage to charge the storage battery.
If the power of the photovoltaic module unit is not enough to support the three-section charging power, the MPPT function is selected to be started, so that the photovoltaic module unit provides the first input electric energy with the maximum power. Specifically, the MPPT is to set an input voltage sampling loop, an input current sampling loop, and a control loop in the electric energy management module, and adjust the input current of the first converter to maximize a product of the input voltage and the input current of the photovoltaic cell module at any illumination intensity, that is, to provide the first input electric energy at the maximum power.
The electric energy supply method provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the electric energy supply system, and can realize the following functions: when the sum of the maximum generating power of the photovoltaic module unit and the generating power of the wind turbine unit and the generating power of the thermoelectric conversion unit is smaller than the charging power required by the storage battery, the electric energy management module can charge the battery by keeping the maximum generating power of the photovoltaic module unit constant; when the sum of the maximum generating power of the photovoltaic module unit, the generating power of the wind turbine unit and the generating power of the thermoelectric conversion unit is larger than the chargeable power of the storage battery, the electric energy management module charges the battery by using the charging power required by the storage battery, and can automatically switch the charging stages of constant current, constant voltage and floating charge of the electric energy management module according to different states of the battery. The method can ensure that the storage battery has the maximum charging power and the optimal charging curve, and comprehensively maintains the health of the battery.
In some embodiments, if the photovoltaic cell panel is partially shaded, for example, the photovoltaic cell panel is partially covered by dust due to outdoor driving conditions of an automobile, or the illumination of surrounding buildings is not uniform, the output characteristic curve of the photovoltaic cell may have a multi-peak characteristic, and at this time, the conventional MPPT method cannot distinguish between a local extreme value and a global maximum value, and may fail due to strong power oscillation.
In order to solve the above problem, the method for supplying electric energy provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:
and adjusting the output power of the output electric energy according to a first preset algorithm.
And when the output voltage span of the output electric energy is smaller than a preset threshold, starting a second preset algorithm to adjust the output power of the output electric energy until the output voltage span of the output electric energy is larger than the preset threshold, wherein the calculation complexity of the second preset algorithm is smaller than that of the first preset algorithm.
The first preset algorithm can be an improved Particle Swarm algorithm, wherein a traditional Particle Swarm algorithm PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) is an existing algorithm, the improved Particle Swarm algorithm in the embodiment of the application is improved based on the PSO algorithm, the improved Particle Swarm algorithm is adopted to quickly search the global maximum globally, the number of the population particles is reduced by adopting dynamic inertia weight and learning factors, the convergence step length is adaptively adjusted, and the improved Particle Swarm algorithm has the advantage of quickly and stably searching the global maximum.
Specifically, the module corresponding to the improved particle swarm algorithm comprises m particles which are randomly distributed in an n-dimensional space, the position of each particle is xi (i =1,2, \8230;, m), the objective function is f (xi), and the optimal position of each particle obtained by searching in the space is P besti Get the global optimum position as G best The following iterative formula is satisfied:
v i k+1 =ωv i k +c 1 rand(P besti -x i k )+ c 2 rand(G best -x i k ) （1）
x i k+1 = x i k + v i k+1 （2）
where ω is the particle inertia coefficient, c 1 And c 2 For the learning factor, rand is a random number of (0, 1), m is the number of particles, k is the number of iterations, v i k Is the velocity, x, of the particle in the ith dimension at the kth iteration i k Is the particle position at the kth iteration of the ith dimension.
In an alternative scheme, the number m of the search particles can be selected to be 3, so that the convergence speed can be reduced, and the power loss in the convergence time can be reduced. And a parameter setting method of dynamic inertia weight and learning factors can be adopted, so that the capability of globally searching the maximum power point of the improved algorithm is enhanced, and the searching speed is accelerated. Omega decreases linearly from 0.9 to 0.6 1 Linearly decreasing from 2.8 to 2.5 2 Linearly decreasing from 0.8 to 0.7.
Referring to fig. 8, the improved particle swarm algorithm uses a P-controlled variable curve as a reference curve as shown in fig. 8, where P0 is a maximum power point under normal illumination conditions, and P1, P2, and P3 are local maximum power points under a multi-peak curve under shading conditions. Omit ofIn the rand link of the traditional PSO algorithm, a search range delta D is selected at a similar small-span extreme point P3 2 Is 0.02, the maximum value V of the optimal particle velocity is inquired max Should not be greater than this value, 0.005 may be taken to ensure that no optimum point is missed. Wherein, Δ D is half span distance of local hump in the graph, and does not refer to search precision, but search precision and maximum value V of optimum particle velocity of query max Is related to, therefore V max And must not be greater than deltad to ensure that the local optimum is not lost. Similarly, the search range Δ D of the large spans P1 and P2 1 Is 0.12,V max Should not be greater than this value, V max The value can be 0.05, and the optimizing convergence speed is accelerated. The iterative formula of the improved algorithm is as follows:
v i k+1 =ωv i k +c 1 (P besti -d i k )+ c 2 (G best -d i k ) （3）
d i k+1 = d i k + v i k+1 （4）
wherein v is i k+1 Is less than or equal to V max ；d i k Is x i k On the U-control quantity curve U pvi Corresponding duty cycle, wherein U pvi For xi corresponding to the input photovoltaic voltage at the converter operating point, a U-control quantity curve is used to represent each U pv Will correspond to the corresponding duty cycle value. Selecting a suitable search order, e.g. in d 1 - d 2 - d 3 - d 3 - d 2 - d 1 - d 1 - d 2 - d 3 The search sequence of (2) can ensure that the output voltage span is small and the output power is stable.
When the local optimal value and the global optimal value are found through the improved particle swarm algorithm, namely the output voltage span of the output electric energy is smaller than a preset threshold value, the program is bloated if the improved particle swarm algorithm is continuously adopted. In the method provided by the embodiment of the application, when the output voltage span of the output electric energy is smaller than a preset threshold, a second preset algorithm is started to adjust the output power of the output electric energy until the output voltage span of the output electric energy is larger than the preset threshold, wherein the calculation complexity of the second preset algorithm is smaller than that of the first preset algorithm.
The second preset algorithm may be a classical disturbance observation algorithm, and the classical disturbance observation algorithm is locally adopted, so that algorithm resources are reduced, and output power is stabilized until the output voltage span of the output electric energy is greater than the preset threshold. Specifically, if the following formula (5) is satisfied, it is considered that the optimal operating point has been found, and it is determined that the output voltage span of the output power is smaller than the preset threshold:
at this time, the method is switched to a classical disturbance observation algorithm until the following formula is satisfied:
wherein, P old And P new The power values of the previous beat and the current beat of the disturbance observation algorithm are respectively.
If the formula (6) is satisfied and the switching time condition is satisfied, the output voltage span of the output electric energy is judged to be larger than the preset threshold value, and at the moment, the maximum power point is considered to be required to be searched again, namely, the improved particle swarm optimization is switched to readjust the output power of the output electric energy. The switching time condition is used for refreshing the selection of the optimal point, for example, the switching time can be set to be 3min, global optimal search is performed again every 3min, and the original optimal point is prevented from becoming a local optimal point and not being a global optimal point any more after the external condition is changed.
The electric energy supply method provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the electric energy supply system, and under the same photovoltaic module unit, the system effectively improves the charging power by adopting the solar maximum power tracking technology, and reduces the comprehensive cost of the system; the optimized multi-section charging curve aiming at the low-voltage lead-acid storage battery provides guarantee for the full life cycle capacity of the battery. In addition, the switching mode of the two preset algorithms in the electric energy supply method can also avoid the program bloated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; within the context of the present application, where technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may also be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present application described above which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides an electric energy replenishment system, its characterized in that, includes moisturizing device and connecting device, the moisturizing device with connecting device fixed connection, connecting device is connected with the automobile body detachable who treats the moisturizing electric vehicle, the electric energy output of moisturizing device is used for connecting the battery of waiting the moisturizing electric vehicle, the moisturizing device includes:
the energy conversion unit is used for acquiring energy in the environment and converting the environment energy into input electric energy;
the electric energy management module is electrically connected with the energy pickup module and comprises a control chip and at least one converter electrically connected with the control chip, the at least one converter corresponds to the at least one energy conversion unit one by one, the electric energy output end of the at least one converter is used for being connected with a storage battery of the vehicle to be charged, the control chip supports an MPPT function and a three-section charging function, and the control chip is used for controlling the at least one converter to convert the input electric energy into output electric energy so as to charge the storage battery of the vehicle to be charged;
wherein, when the at least one energy conversion unit includes a photovoltaic module unit, a wind turbine unit, and a thermoelectric conversion unit, the at least one converter includes a first converter corresponding to the photovoltaic module unit, a second converter corresponding to the wind turbine unit, and a third converter corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit, each of the converters includes an input voltage sampling loop, an input current sampling loop, and a control loop, the control chip is further configured to:
detecting second power of the input electric energy corresponding to the wind turbine unit, and if the second power is larger than the charging power required by the storage battery, controlling the second converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery;
if the second power is smaller than the charging power, detecting third power of the input electric energy corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit, and if the sum of the second power and the third power is larger than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery;
if the sum of the second power and the third power is smaller than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery, and controlling the first converter to start the MPPT function to charge the storage battery.
2. The electric energy replenishment system according to claim 1, wherein the control chip is further configured to detect power of the input electric energy corresponding to each energy conversion unit, and control an operating state of the at least one converter based on the power to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be replenished, wherein the operating state includes an operating mode and a standby mode.
3. The electric energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the connecting device is a magnetic component, the magnetic component comprises a connecting piece and a permanent magnet, the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is used for being attracted to a vehicle body of the vehicle to be electrified, and the electricity supply device is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet through the connecting piece.
4. The electrical energy replenishment system of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic module unit is electrically connected to the first converter, the photovoltaic module unit is configured to convert light energy into first input electrical energy and provide the first input electrical energy to the first converter, and the control chip controls the first converter to convert the first input electrical energy into output electrical energy for charging a battery of the vehicle to be replenished.
5. The electric energy replenishment system according to claim 4, wherein the photovoltaic module unit includes a plurality of series/parallel-connected photovoltaic cells, output terminals of the plurality of series/parallel-connected photovoltaic cells being electrically connected to input terminals of the first converter.
6. The electric energy replenishment system according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine unit is electrically connected to the second converter, the wind turbine unit is configured to convert wind energy into second input electric energy and provide the second input electric energy to the second converter, and the control chip controls the second converter to convert the second input electric energy into output electric energy to charge a storage battery of the vehicle to be replenished.
7. The electric energy supply system according to claim 6, wherein the wind turbine unit comprises a micro direct current generator, a flexible paddle and a speed change gear are arranged on the micro direct current generator, a rotating shaft of the flexible paddle is meshed with the speed change gear, the speed change gear is connected with an armature end of the micro direct current generator, and an output end of the micro direct current generator is connected with an input end of the second converter.
8. The electric energy replenishment system according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric conversion unit is electrically connected to the third converter, the thermoelectric conversion unit is configured to convert thermal energy into third input electric energy and supply the third input electric energy to the third converter, and the control chip controls the third converter to convert the third input electric energy into output electric energy to charge a battery of the vehicle to be replenished.
9. An electric energy replenishment system according to claim 8 wherein the thermoelectric conversion unit comprises a thermoelectric induction element and a microcontroller, the thermoelectric induction element being electrically connected to the microcontroller, the microcontroller having an output connected to an input of the third converter.
10. An electric energy replenishment method applied to the electric energy replenishment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electric energy replenishment system comprises an energy pickup module and an electric energy management module, the energy pickup module comprises a photovoltaic module unit, a wind turbine unit and a thermoelectric conversion unit, the electric energy management module comprises a first converter corresponding to the photovoltaic module unit, a second converter corresponding to the wind turbine unit and a third converter corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit, and the method comprises:
detecting second power of the input electric energy corresponding to the wind turbine unit;
if the second power is larger than the charging power required by the storage battery, controlling the second converter to be in a working mode, and controlling the first converter and the third converter to be in a standby mode;
if the second power is smaller than the charging power, detecting a third power of the input electric energy corresponding to the thermoelectric conversion unit;
if the sum of the second power and the third power is greater than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to be in a working mode, and controlling the first converter to be in a standby mode;
if the sum of the second power and the third power is less than the charging power, controlling the first converter, the second converter and the third converter to be in a working mode;
the converter comprises an input voltage sampling loop, an input current sampling loop and a control loop, the control chip supports an MPPT function and a three-section type charging function, and the method further comprises the following steps:
if the second power is larger than the charging power required by the storage battery, controlling the second converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery;
if the second power is smaller than the charging power and the sum of the second power and the third power is larger than the charging power, controlling the second converter and the third converter to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery;
if the sum of the second power and the third power is smaller than the charging power, the second converter and the third converter are controlled to start the three-section type charging function to charge the storage battery, and the first converter is controlled to start the MPPT function to charge the storage battery.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
adjusting the output power of the output electric energy according to a first preset algorithm;
and when the output voltage span of the output electric energy is smaller than a preset threshold, starting a second preset algorithm to adjust the output power of the output electric energy until the output voltage span of the output electric energy is larger than the preset threshold, wherein the calculation complexity of the second preset algorithm is smaller than that of the first preset algorithm.
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