CN115332584A - Fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for fuel cell engine - Google Patents

Fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for fuel cell engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115332584A
CN115332584A CN202211101904.4A CN202211101904A CN115332584A CN 115332584 A CN115332584 A CN 115332584A CN 202211101904 A CN202211101904 A CN 202211101904A CN 115332584 A CN115332584 A CN 115332584A
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fuel gas
fuel cell
cell engine
fan
fuel
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邢贺民
宋海英
于长云
白冰
范世蕾
王建一
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Huafeng Fuel Cell Co ltd
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Huafeng Fuel Cell Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211101904.4A priority Critical patent/CN115332584A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine, belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problems of excessive sensors, detection blind areas and low detection precision in the prior art. The device includes top cap, ventilation pipe way, fuel gas concentration sensor and fan. The top cover is arranged above the target to be measured, the opening of the top cover covers the upper surface of the whole target to be measured, and the top cover is used as an air inlet to be connected with a ventilation pipeline. The fuel gas concentration sensor is arranged inside the ventilation pipeline, and the type of the fuel gas concentration sensor is matched with that of the fuel cell engine. The fan is arranged at an air outlet of the ventilation pipeline, the air suction end of the fan faces the inner side of the ventilation pipeline, and the air exhaust end of the fan is arranged in the atmosphere of a safe region outside the cabin where the fuel cell engine is located. The device can initiatively inhale the regional gas of target place that awaits measuring and discharge to safe region, has solved the combustible gas in the semi-enclosed space and can't effectively discharge and have the problem of surveying the blind area, observes and controls efficiently, and is with low costs.

Description

Fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for fuel cell engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine.
Background
A fuel cell engine is a device that converts chemical energy of electrochemical reaction between fuel gas and oxygen into electric energy. The pipelines are mainly divided into fuel gas pipelines, air pipelines and water pipelines, wherein the design of the fuel gas pipelines is most important.
Fuel gas is mostly a flammable and explosive gas. Such as hydrogen, which is of lower molecular weight than other gases, can penetrate many sealing materials, such as pipes, non-welded connections, and non-metallic seals (gaskets, packing, etc.) which are potential leak points. Meanwhile, due to high buoyancy and diffusivity, safety accidents can be caused when the explosive limit is accumulated.
In the prior art, a corresponding gas concentration sensor is generally arranged in an engine installation space, and the concentration of fuel gas is monitored in real time, so that the gas leakage condition of each part is known, and then the leakage point removing operation is correspondingly carried out. For hydrogen fuel cell engines, the hydrogen concentration sensor is typically placed at the highest point of the compartment, or at the location where gas leakage is most likely to occur, such as a hydrogen storage cylinder, a hydrogen gas fill port, or the like.
However, a plurality of semi-closed spaces exist in the fuel cell engine, and fuel gas is not easy to discharge after entering, so that the fuel cell cannot be detected in time. Further, there are many locations where gas leakage is likely to occur, resulting in an excessive number of sensors that need to be arranged. Moreover, because the probe of the sensor can not be located at the highest point of the cabin permanently due to certain thickness, a detection blind area exists in the range from the highest point of the cabin to the thickness of the sensor. The existing detection method is characterized in that leaked fuel gas is captured by means of the autonomous flowability of the fuel gas, the influence of the interference of the flowing of external gas is large, the fuel gas can be leaked into other cabins to cause hydrogen aggregation again, and further danger is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine, so as to solve the problems of excessive sensors, detection blind areas and low detection accuracy in the prior art.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine, which comprises a top cover (2), a ventilation pipeline (4), a fuel gas concentration sensor (3) and a fan (5); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the top cover (2) is arranged above the target to be detected (1) which is easy to generate fuel gas leakage, an opening of the top cover covers the upper surface of the whole target to be detected (1), and the top cover is used as an air inlet to be connected with a ventilation pipeline (4);
the fuel gas concentration sensor (3) is arranged in the ventilation pipeline (4), and the type of the fuel gas concentration sensor is matched with that of a fuel cell engine;
the fan (5) is arranged at an air outlet of the ventilation pipeline (4), the air suction end of the fan faces the inner side of the ventilation pipeline (4), and the air exhaust end of the fan is arranged in the atmosphere of a safe area outside the cabin where the fuel cell engine is located.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: through setting up top cap (2), ventilation pipeline (4) and fan (5), can carry out the initiative absorption of the gas in target (1) place area that awaits measuring, the problem of the unable effective exhaust of combustible gas in the semi-enclosed space in the engine system has been solved to, to a plurality of dew points, need not to lay fuel gas concentration sensor (3) above each dew point, only lay one or a set of fuel gas concentration sensor (3) in ventilation pipeline (4), the quantity and the cost of sensor have been reduced. Because a suction type active detection mode is adopted, the problem that the dead zone cannot be detected in the thickness dimension of the fuel gas concentration sensor (3) is solved. The device possesses the ability of initiative survey and regulation and control, can in time collect fuel gas information and judge, avoids hydrogen to drift to other cabins and takes place further to reveal, has improved detection efficiency.
Based on the further improvement of the device, the top cover (2) adopts a structural body with a conical opening on the inner side surface, the edge of the lower end surface of the structural body is attached to the side wall of the cabin where the fuel cell engine is positioned, and the upper end surface of the structural body is fixedly connected with the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline (4); and also,
the top cover (2) and the ventilation pipeline (4) are both made of fuel gas type-matched fuel gas permeation resistant materials, or the inner side surface which is in direct contact with sucked gas is coated with a fuel gas permeation resistant coating.
Furthermore, the measurement and control device also comprises a safety maintenance controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the safety maintenance controller is used for controlling the fan (5) to be started periodically; after the fan (5) is started every time, the fuel gas leakage state of the fuel cell engine is identified in real time according to the data collected by the fuel gas concentration sensor (3), and then a control instruction for continuously opening or closing the fan or shutdown fault check alarm information is sent out;
the input end of the safety maintenance controller is connected with the data end of the fuel gas concentration sensor (3), and the output end of the safety maintenance controller is connected with the control end of the fan (5).
Further, the safety maintenance controller further comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data acquired by the fuel gas concentration sensor (3), obtaining the composition of combustible gas components of fuel gas in the sucked gas in the ventilation pipeline (4) and the concentration of each combustible gas component, and sending the composition and the concentration to the data processing and control unit;
the data processing and control unit is used for controlling the fan (5) to be started periodically; after the fan (5) is started every time, the fuel gas leakage state of the fuel cell engine is identified in real time according to the combustible gas component composition of the fuel gas and the concentration of each combustible gas component, and then a control instruction for continuously opening or closing the fan (5) is sent out, or shutdown fault detection warning information is sent out; and the data processing and control unit is provided with a display module, and the display screen of the display module displays the composition of combustible gas components of the fuel gas at the current moment and the concentration of each combustible gas component.
Further, the data processing and control unit executes the following program:
controlling the fan (5) to start periodically;
after the fan (5) is started every time, acquiring combustible gas components of fuel gas at the current moment and the concentration of each combustible gas component;
identifying the concentration of all combustible gas componentsρWhether all are less than the respective corresponding alarm-free valuesρ 0 If yes, judging that the fuel cell engine works normally and no fuel gas leaks at the target (1) to be detected, and sending a closing control instruction to the fan (5), otherwise, executing the next step;
identifying the presence or absence of a concentration of at least one combustible gas componentρIs greater than the limit concentration which can be born by the corresponding cabin where the target (1) to be measured is positionedρ max If so, judging that the fuel cell engine has great risk in working, seriously leaking fuel gas at the target (1) to be detected, controlling all power supplies of a cabin where the fuel cell engine is positioned to be closed, and sending evacuation warning information, otherwise, executing the next step;
identifying the presence or absence of a concentration of at least one combustible gas componentρIn the corresponding rangeρ 1 ，ρ max ]If yes, determining that fuel gas leakage exists at the target (1) to be detected and influences the work of a fuel cell engine, controlling the fuel cell engine to stop, sending out stop failure check alarm information, and continuously controlling a fan (5) to exhaust, otherwise, executing the next step;ρ 1 the alarm value is corresponding to the combustible gas component;
identifying the presence or absence of a concentration of at least one combustible gas componentρIn the corresponding [ 2 ]ρ 0 ，ρ 1 ]If so, judging that the target (1) to be detected has slight fuel gas leakage but does not influence the work of the fuel cell engine, sending out a continuous monitoring alarm, and continuously controlling the fan (5) to exhaust until the fuel cell engine works normally.
Furthermore, at least one sealing element is arranged at the connecting part of the top cover (2) and the ventilation pipeline (4); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sealing element is made of a fuel gas permeation resistant material matched with the type of fuel gas.
Further, the fuel gas concentration sensor (3) comprises at least one of a hydrogen concentration sensor, a carbon monoxide concentration sensor, a methane concentration sensor, a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor and a hydrocarbon gas concentration sensor.
Further, the fuel cell engine is one of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, a phosphoric acid fuel cell engine, a hydrogen sulfide fuel cell engine, and a hydrocarbon fuel cell engine.
Further, the fan (5) is an explosion-proof fan.
Further, the safety maintenance controller also comprises an audible and visual alarm unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the input end of the sound and light alarm unit is connected with the output end of the data processing and control unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the fan (5) is started periodically, the fuel gas concentration sensor (3) detects the concentration of the set fuel gas in the gas on line in real time, and the concentration signal is transmitted to a controller (ECU) for judging the concentration. The fuel gas is not limited to hydrogen, can be other medium gases, is not limited to a single gas component, and can also be a composite gas component, a plurality of fuel gas concentration sensors (3) of different types are arranged according to requirements, and the specific components can be determined according to the type of the fuel cell engine.
2. After the fan (5) is added, the fuel gas in the cabin can be actively absorbed and discharged to the atmosphere in a safe area, so that the problem that the fuel gas (hydrogen) in the fuel cell engine or other semi-closed spaces cannot be discharged in time can be avoided. The fuel gas measurement and control device is not limited to fuel gas measurement and control of the fuel cell engine chamber, and can also be used for other spaces with fuel gas leakage, such as the space and the chamber of a gas storage cylinder.
3. For the existence of a plurality of leakage points, a gas sensor does not need to be arranged above each leakage point, and only one or a group of fuel gas concentration sensors (3) are arranged in the ventilation pipeline (4) on the upper part of the top cover, so that the number of the sensors is reduced, and the use cost is reduced.
4. The device possesses the fuel gas detection ability of initiative, and the blind area is not, and detection efficiency is high, and regulation and control speed is fast, can effectively avoid the fuel gas to drift to other cabins, improves fuel cell engine's safety in utilization.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a fuel gas concentration measurement and control device in example 1;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the control principle of the fuel gas concentration measurement and control device in embodiment 2.
Reference numerals:
1-a target to be measured; 2-a top cover; 3-a fuel gas concentration sensor; 4-a ventilation pipeline; 5-a fan.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Example 1
An embodiment of the invention discloses a fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for a fuel cell engine, which comprises a top cover 2, a ventilation pipeline 4, a fuel gas concentration sensor 3 and a fan 5, as shown in figure 1.
The top cover 2 is arranged above the target to be detected, which is easy to cause fuel gas leakage, and the opening of the top cover covers the upper surface of the whole target to be detected and is used as an air inlet to be connected with a ventilation pipeline 4.
The roof 2 can be designed separately or directly as roof 2 at the top of the installation compartment (connection point of the reserved ventilation line 4).
A fuel gas concentration sensor 3 is provided inside the ventilation pipe 4 for monitoring the concentration of fuel gas in the sucked gas, of a type adapted to the fuel cell engine 1.
The fuel gas here is related to the type of the fuel cell engine 1. For a hydrogen fuel cell engine, the fuel gas is hydrogen H 2 The fuel gas concentration sensor 3 is a hydrogen gas concentration sensor. For phosphoric acid fuel cell engines, the fuel gas comprises H as the major component 2 And the CO and fuel gas concentration sensor 3 is a hydrogen concentration sensor and a CO concentration sensor. For a hydrogen sulfide fuel cell engine, the main component of the fuel gas is hydrogen sulfide, and the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 is used for transmitting the concentration of the hydrogen sulfideA sensor is provided. For a hydrocarbon fuel cell engine, the fuel gas is a hydrocarbon, for example, for a methane fuel cell engine, the fuel gas contains methane as a main component, and the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 is a methane concentration sensor.
The fan 5 is arranged at an air outlet of the ventilation pipeline 4, an air suction end of the fan faces the inner side of the ventilation pipeline 4, and an air exhaust end of the fan is arranged in the atmosphere of a safe region outside the cabin where the fuel cell engine 1 is arranged and used for actively absorbing gas in the cabin to play a role of air suction, so that the problem that hydrogen in the fuel cell or in a semi-closed space cannot be timely discharged can be solved.
The arrangement of the ventilation pipes 4 is not limited, and can be adjusted according to the requirements.
During implementation, the device can ensure the safety of the area where the target 1 to be detected is located, and further ensure the safe operation of the whole vehicle. When the vehicle is parked, a certain amount of fuel gas leaks from the gas cylinder storing the fuel gas, and the leaked fuel gas is guided by the fan 5 to be continuously discharged to a safe area outside the cabin. Especially for hydrogen, the density of hydrogen is small, when leakage occurs, the leaked hydrogen moves to a high position, when a vehicle runs, airflow enters from an air inlet of the top cover 2 and then is discharged from an air outlet of the ventilation pipeline 4 to form a whole airflow channel, and the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage cabin is always kept in a safe range. The device is simple and easy to operate, changes little to the vehicle, can make the fuel gas that fuel cell engine leaks out in the course of going and parking in time discharge the car through fan 5, avoids gathering, guarantees that hydrogen concentration in hydrogen storage compartment or the regional hydrogen concentration of fuel cell engine is in the safety range all the time, guarantees whole car operation safety.
Compared with the prior art, the measurement and control device that this embodiment provided can carry out the initiative absorption of the gas in the target 1 place that awaits measuring region through setting up top cap 2, ventilation pipe 4 and fan 5, has solved the problem that combustible gas in the semi-enclosed space can't effectively be discharged in the engine system, and, to a plurality of dew point, need not to lay fuel gas concentration sensor 3 above each dew point, only lay one or a set of fuel gas concentration sensor 3 in ventilation pipe 4, the quantity and the cost of sensor have been reduced. Because a suction type active detection mode is adopted, the problem of blind areas which cannot be detected in the thickness dimension of the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 is solved. The device possesses the ability of initiatively surveying with the regulation and control, can in time collect fuel gas information and judge, avoids hydrogen to drift to other cabins and takes place further to reveal, has improved detection efficiency.
Example 2
The improvement is carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the object 1 to be measured is the fuel cell engine 1, or a gas storage cylinder storing fuel gas, or a cabin where the fuel cell engine 1 is located, or a cabin where the gas storage cylinder is located.
The suction range of the fan 5 is the local area where the fuel cell engine, the gas cylinder is located or the whole compartment, and the suction magnitude is related to the power of the fan, as can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Preferably, for the compartment where the target 1 to be measured is the fuel cell engine 1, the top cover 2 is a structural body with a conical opening on the inner side, the edge of the lower end face of the structural body is attached to the side wall of the compartment where the fuel cell engine 1 is located, and the upper end face of the structural body is fixedly connected with the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline 4, so as to suck the whole compartment.
The conical opening can lead the leaked fuel gas (hydrogen) to be spontaneously or forcibly exhausted outside the vehicle, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazard caused by the accumulation of the leaked fuel gas.
Preferably, the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline 4 is arranged at the highest point of the top cover 2, so that air is conveniently discharged upwards.
Preferably, the top cover 2 and the ventilation pipe 4 are made of a fuel gas permeation-resistant material matching the type of the fuel gas, or are coated with a fuel gas permeation-resistant coating on the inner side surface directly contacting with the inhaled gas. For hydrogen, al can be used as the corresponding material for preventing the permeation of fuel gas 2 O 3 、Cr 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 、S12 、Er 2 O 3 And the like. In general, a single oxide hydrogen barrier coating is mostly Cr 2 O 3 ，Al 2 O 3 And S12 is often used in combination with other coatings. Y is 2 O 3 The permeability of the coating tritium can be reduced by two orders of magnitude, and the coating tritium is often used in combination with other coatings. For other fuel gases, the relevant technical and material manuals can be consulted to select suitable fuel gas permeation-resisting materials.
Preferably, the fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for the fuel cell engine further comprises a safety maintenance controller. The input end of the safety maintenance controller is connected with the data end of the fuel gas concentration sensor 3, and the output end of the safety maintenance controller is connected with the control end of the fan 5.
And the safety maintenance controller is used for controlling the fan 5 to be started regularly, identifying the fuel gas leakage state of the fuel cell engine in real time according to the data collected by the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 after the fan 5 is started every time, and further sending a control instruction for continuously starting or closing the fan 5 or sending shutdown fault check alarm information.
Specifically, for a fuel cell engine containing only one combustible gas component, such as a hydrogen fuel cell engine, when the data collected by the fuel gas concentration sensor 3ρ(concentration of fuel gas) less thanρ 0 If the fuel cell engine is judged to be in normal operation, the safety maintenance controller sends a closing control command to the fan 5.ρ 0 In order to not require an alarm value, as shown in fig. 2.
Data collected when fuel gas concentration sensor 3ρAt aρ 0 ，ρ 1 ) And meanwhile, judging that the target 1 to be measured (a fuel cell engine and a gas storage cylinder) has slight fuel gas leakage, sending a continuous opening control instruction to the fan 5 by the safety maintenance controller, and opening the fan 5 for exhausting.ρ 1 Is an alarm value.
Data collected when fuel gas concentration sensor 3ρAt aρ 1 ，ρ max ) And meanwhile, judging that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, stopping the fuel cell engine to carry out fault troubleshooting, and starting the fan 5 to exhaust.ρ max The maximum value that the cabin of the object 1 to be measured can bear.
Data collected when fuel gas concentration sensor 3ρIs greater thanρ max And judging that the fuel cell engine is possible to be ignited and exploded, and turning off all power supplies to wait for professional staff to process.
As described aboveρ 0 、ρ 1 、ρ max Are all obtained by laboratory calibration.
Preferably, the safety maintenance controller comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing and control unit which are further connected in sequence. The data processing and control unit is provided with a display module, and the data collected by the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 at the current moment is displayed on a display screen of the display module.
And the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data acquired by the fuel gas concentration sensor 3, obtaining the combustible gas component composition of the fuel gas in the inhaled gas in the ventilation pipeline 4 and the concentration of each combustible gas component, and sending the combustible gas component composition and the concentration to the data processing and control unit.
The data processing and control unit is used for controlling the fan 5 to be started regularly; and after the fan 5 is started every time, identifying the fuel gas leakage state of the fuel cell engine in real time according to the combustible gas component composition of the fuel gas and the concentration of each combustible gas component, and further sending a control instruction for continuously opening or closing the fan 5 or sending a shutdown fault check alarm message.
Preferably, for a fuel cell engine containing fuel gas of more than one combustible gas component, the amount of combustible gas component may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc., the data processing and control unit executes the following program:
s1, controlling a fan 5 to start periodically;
s2, after the fan 5 is started every time, acquiring combustible gas components of fuel gas at the current moment and the concentration of each combustible gas component;
s3, identifying the concentration of all combustible gas componentsρWhether all are less than the respective corresponding alarm-free valuesρ 0 If yes, judging that the fuel cell engine works normally and no fuel gas leaks at the target 1 to be detected, and sending a closing control instruction to the fan 5, otherwise, executing the next step;
s4, identifying whether at least one existsConcentration of combustible gas componentρGreater than the limit concentration that the corresponding cabin where the object 1 to be measured is located can bearρ max If so, judging that the fuel cell engine has great risk in working, seriously leaking fuel gas at the target 1 to be detected, controlling all power supplies of a cabin where the fuel cell engine is positioned to be closed, and sending evacuation warning information, otherwise, executing the next step;
s5, identifying whether the concentration of at least one combustible gas component existsρIn the corresponding rangeρ 1 ，ρ max ]If yes, judging that fuel gas leakage exists at the target 1 to be detected and influences the work of the fuel cell engine, controlling the fuel cell engine to stop, sending out stop fault detection alarm information, and continuing to control the fan 5 to exhaust, otherwise, executing the next step;ρ 1 the alarm value is corresponding to the combustible gas component;
s6, identifying whether the concentration of at least one combustible gas component existsρIn the corresponding rangeρ 0 ，ρ 1 ]If so, judging that the target 1 to be measured has slight fuel gas leakage but does not influence the work of the fuel cell engine, sending out a continuous monitoring alarm, and continuously controlling the fan 5 to exhaust until the fuel cell engine works normally (namely the concentration of all combustible gas components)ρAre all less than the respective corresponding alarm-free valueρ 0 And issues a close control command to the fan 5).
The above procedure relates only to the combustible gas component of the fuel gas, and generally has no effect on the safety of the fuel cell engine for non-combustible gas components, such as nitrogen, and is therefore not included in the scope of measurement and control.
Preferably, the top cover 2 and the ventilation pipe 4 can be fixed by adopting a sealing piece and a bolt connection mode. At least one sealing element is arranged at the connecting part of the top cover 2 and the ventilation pipeline 4. The sealing element is made of a fuel gas permeation resistant material matched with the type of fuel gas.
Preferably, the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 includes at least one of a hydrogen concentration sensor, a carbon monoxide concentration sensor, a methane concentration sensor, a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor, and a hydrocarbon gas concentration sensor.
Preferably, the fuel cell engine 1 is one of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, a phosphoric acid fuel cell engine, a hydrogen sulfide fuel cell engine, and a hydrocarbon fuel cell engine.
Preferably, the fan 5 is an explosion-proof type fan.
Preferably, the controller further comprises an audible and visual alarm unit. The input end of the sound and light alarm unit is connected with the output end of the data processing and control unit and used for sending out different sound and light alarms according to the range of the data collected by the fuel gas concentration sensor 3.
In the scheme, after the sound-light alarm unit is prepared, when the fuel gas concentration sensor detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches the set alarm level, the sound-light alarm unit gives an external sound-light alarm to remind relevant departments of handling danger.
Preferably, the fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for the fuel cell engine further comprises a rechargeable power supply used as an independent power supply for supplying power to the fan 5 and the controller. The vehicle can be charged when running, when the vehicle is parked and the whole vehicle is in a power-off state, the fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for the fuel cell engine can continue to work, the hydrogen concentration of the target 1 to be detected is monitored, and when the concentration reaches the alarm concentration, the fan 5 can be automatically opened to quickly discharge leaked hydrogen.
Preferably, the air inlet of the top cover 2 and the air outlet of the ventilation pipeline 4 are respectively provided with a waterproof cover.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel gas concentration measurement and control device that this embodiment provided has following beneficial effect:
1. the fan 5 is periodically started, the fuel gas concentration sensor 3 real-timely detects the concentration of the fuel gas in the gas on line, and the concentration signal is transmitted to a controller (ECU) to judge the concentration. The fuel gas is not limited to hydrogen, and can be other medium gases, not limited to a single gas component, and can also be a composite gas component, a plurality of fuel gas concentration sensors 3 of different types are arranged according to requirements, and the specific components can be determined according to the type of the fuel cell engine.
2. After the fan 5 is added, the fuel gas in the cabin can be actively absorbed and discharged to the atmosphere in a safe area, so that the problem that the fuel gas (hydrogen) in the fuel cell engine or other semi-closed spaces can not be discharged in time can be avoided. The fuel gas measurement and control device is not limited to fuel gas measurement and control of the fuel cell engine compartment, and can also be used for other spaces with fuel gas leakage, such as the space and the compartment of a gas storage bottle.
3. For the existence of a plurality of leakage points, a gas sensor does not need to be arranged above each leakage point, and only one or a group of fuel gas concentration sensors are arranged in the ventilation pipeline 4 on the upper part of the top cover, so that the number of the sensors is reduced, and the use cost is reduced.
4. The device possesses the fuel gas detection ability of initiative, and the blind area is not, and detection efficiency is high, and regulation and control speed is fast, can effectively avoid the fuel gas to drift to other cabins, improves fuel cell engine's safety in utilization.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine is characterized by comprising a top cover (2), a ventilation pipeline (4), a fuel gas concentration sensor (3) and a fan (5);
the top cover (2) is arranged above the target to be detected (1) which is easy to generate fuel gas leakage, an opening of the top cover covers the upper surface of the whole target to be detected (1), and the top cover is used as an air inlet to be connected with a ventilation pipeline (4);
the fuel gas concentration sensor (3) is arranged in the ventilation pipeline (4), and the type of the fuel gas concentration sensor is matched with that of a fuel cell engine;
the fan (5) is arranged at an air outlet of the ventilation pipeline (4), the air suction end of the fan faces the inner side of the ventilation pipeline (4), and the air exhaust end of the fan is arranged in the atmosphere of a safe area outside the cabin where the fuel cell engine is located.
2. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 1, wherein the object (1) to be measured includes one of a fuel cell engine, or a gas cylinder storing fuel gas, or a chamber in which the fuel cell engine is located, or a chamber in which the gas cylinder is located.
3. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for the fuel cell engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the top cover (2) is a structural body with a conical opening on the inner side, the edge of the lower end surface of the top cover is attached to the side wall of the cabin where the fuel cell engine is located, and the upper end surface of the top cover is fixedly connected with the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline (4); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the top cover (2) and the ventilation pipeline (4) are both made of fuel gas type-matched fuel gas permeation resistant materials, or the inner side surface which is in direct contact with sucked gas is coated with a fuel gas permeation resistant coating.
4. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 3, further comprising a safety maintenance controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the safety maintenance controller is used for controlling the fan (5) to be started regularly; after the fan (5) is started every time, the fuel gas leakage state of the fuel cell engine is identified in real time according to the data collected by the fuel gas concentration sensor (3), and then a control instruction for continuously opening or closing the fan (5) is sent out, or shutdown fault detection warning information is sent out;
the input end of the safety maintenance controller is connected with the data end of the fuel gas concentration sensor (3), and the output end of the safety maintenance controller is connected with the control end of the fan (5).
5. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 4, wherein the safety maintenance controller further includes:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data acquired by the fuel gas concentration sensor (3), obtaining the composition of combustible gas components of fuel gas in the sucked gas in the ventilation pipeline (4) and the concentration of each combustible gas component, and sending the composition and the concentration to the data processing and control unit;
the data processing and control unit is used for controlling the fan (5) to be started regularly; after the fan (5) is started every time, the fuel gas leakage state of the fuel cell engine is identified in real time according to the combustible gas component composition of the fuel gas and the concentration of each combustible gas component, and then a control instruction for continuously opening or closing the fan (5) is sent out, or shutdown fault detection warning information is sent out; and the data processing and control unit is provided with a display module, and the display screen of the display module displays the composition of combustible gas components of the fuel gas at the current moment and the concentration of each combustible gas component.
6. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to any one of claim 5, wherein the data processing and control unit executes the following program:
controlling the fan (5) to start periodically;
after the fan (5) is started every time, acquiring combustible gas components of fuel gas at the current moment and the concentration of each combustible gas component;
identifying the concentration of all combustible gas componentsρWhether all are less than the respective corresponding alarm-free valuesρ 0 If yes, judging that the fuel cell engine works normally and no fuel gas leaks at the target (1) to be detected, and sending a closing control instruction to the fan (5), otherwise, executing the next step;
identifying the presence or absence of a concentration of at least one combustible gas componentρGreater than corresponding toLimit concentration that the cabin in which the object (1) is located can bearρ max If so, judging that the fuel cell engine has great risk in working, seriously leaking fuel gas at the target (1) to be detected, controlling all power supplies of a cabin where the fuel cell engine is positioned to be closed, and sending evacuation warning information, otherwise, executing the next step;
identifying the presence or absence of a concentration of at least one combustible gas componentρIn the corresponding rangeρ 1 ，ρ max ]If yes, determining that fuel gas leakage exists at the target (1) to be detected and influences the work of a fuel cell engine, controlling the fuel cell engine to stop, sending out stop failure check alarm information, and continuously controlling a fan (5) to exhaust, otherwise, executing the next step; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,ρ 1 the alarm value is corresponding to the combustible gas component;
identifying the presence or absence of a concentration of at least one combustible gas componentρIn the corresponding rangeρ 0 ，ρ 1 ]If so, judging that the target (1) to be detected has slight fuel gas leakage but does not influence the work of the fuel cell engine, sending out a continuous monitoring alarm, and continuously controlling the fan (5) to exhaust until the fuel cell engine works normally.
7. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for the fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the connection part of the top cover (2) and the ventilation pipeline (4) is provided with at least one sealing member; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sealing element is made of a fuel gas permeation resistant material matched with the type of fuel gas.
8. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, wherein the fuel gas concentration sensor (3) includes at least one of a hydrogen concentration sensor, a carbon monoxide concentration sensor, a methane concentration sensor, a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor, and a hydrocarbon gas concentration sensor;
the fuel cell engine is one of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, a phosphoric acid fuel cell engine, a hydrogen sulfide fuel cell engine, and a hydrocarbon fuel cell engine.
9. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, wherein the fan (5) is an explosion-proof fan.
10. The fuel gas concentration measurement and control device for a fuel cell engine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the safety maintenance controller further includes an audible and visual alarm unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the input end of the sound and light alarm unit is connected with the output end of the data processing and control unit.
CN202211101904.4A 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for fuel cell engine Pending CN115332584A (en)

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CN202211101904.4A CN115332584A (en) 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for fuel cell engine

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CN202211101904.4A CN115332584A (en) 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Fuel gas concentration measuring and controlling device for fuel cell engine

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115685301A (en) * 2023-01-04 2023-02-03 中创智科(绵阳)科技有限公司 Explosion-proof tritium concentration measuring instrument

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115685301A (en) * 2023-01-04 2023-02-03 中创智科(绵阳)科技有限公司 Explosion-proof tritium concentration measuring instrument
CN115685301B (en) * 2023-01-04 2023-04-07 中创智科(绵阳)科技有限公司 Explosion-proof tritium concentration measuring instrument

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