CN115330261B - Black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on Internet of things technology - Google Patents
Black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on Internet of things technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a black and odorous river ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the Internet of things technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river ecological treatment, in particular to a black and odorous river ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of population density along the two sides of the river, the living standard of economy and people is continuously improved, and more sewage containing high pollution load is discharged into the river. At this time, the river channel is used as a sewage receiving channel, the water environment capacity space is relatively small, the self-cleaning capacity of the river channel water body is exceeded, the sensory effect of black and odorous state is presented, and the normal living space of surrounding residents is affected. Therefore, the ecological management of the black and odorous river is very important.
The existing black and odorous river ecological treatment method is mainly a conventional physicochemical treatment method, namely the conventional physicochemical method generally adopts the steps of intercepting sewage, dredging, regulating water, aerating, oxygenating and the like, but the existing black and odorous river ecological treatment method still has the following defects:
1. the existing black and odorous river channel ecological treatment mode is mainly used for completely blocking all sewage outlets of the black and odorous river channel, certain irrational property exists in the mode, and current situation investigation and analysis are not carried out on the sewage outlets of the black and odorous river channel, so that the sewage outlets of the black and odorous river channel cannot be modified pertinently, and accurate and effective sewage blocking treatment on the sewage outlets of the black and odorous river channel cannot be realized;
2. at present, the dredging engineering is mainly embodied in an ex-situ treatment technology, namely dredging and transporting the river sludge to other places for treatment, but the pollution degree of the river underwater sludge cannot be accurately mastered in the prior art, so that the underwater sludge in the later stage is not cleaned in place, the implementation precision of the dredging engineering is reduced, and further the river sludge releases pollutants into the water body to cause secondary pollution of the river water body;
3. the existing black and odorous river sewage treatment method mainly comprises a physical method and a chemical method, but generally has the problems of temporary treatment and non-treatment, has higher treatment cost, and cannot ensure that the river water can maintain a normal state for a long time, so that the phenomenon of black and odorous river water repeatedly occurs, and further cannot reflect the ecological comprehensive treatment effect of the black and odorous river.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, in order to solve the problems set forth in the above background art, a black and odorous river ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology is now proposed.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the Internet of things technology comprises the following steps:
step one, sewage quality parameter monitoring of a sewage outlet: dividing a black and odorous river channel region to be treated into black and odorous river channel subregions according to a preset dividing mode, and monitoring sewage quality parameters corresponding to sewage outlets in the black and odorous river channel subregions;
analyzing and treating the sewage water quality parameters: analyzing to obtain the water pollution proportion index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area, and carrying out corresponding treatment after comparison analysis;
step three, monitoring the deep silt pollution parameters: collecting sludge samples of each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and monitoring pollution parameters of the sludge samples of each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region;
fourth, deep sludge pollution degree analysis: analyzing pollution degree proportion indexes of sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and comparing to obtain the corresponding sludge depth to be cleaned of each black and odorous river sub-region;
step five, monitoring the water environment of the black and odorous river channel: monitoring the river water environment corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region to obtain river water quality parameters and in-water floater information corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region;
step six, regional river water environment treatment: analyzing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea, screening the river water environmental pollution grade corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea, and carrying out corresponding treatment measures on each black and odorous river channel subarea.
Preferably, the specific steps corresponding to the step one are as follows:
dividing the black and odorous river channel region to be treated in a river channel length equal division mode to obtain each subarea corresponding to the black and odorous river channel region to be treated, recording the subarea as each black and odorous river channel subarea, and numbering each black and odorous river channel subarea as 1,2 in sequence;
counting the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, sampling sewage at the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, and monitoring sewage quality parameters corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, wherein the sewage quality parameters comprise sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value, and the sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas are respectively marked as p ij a 1 、p ij a 2 、p ij a 3 、p ij a 4 I=1, 2,..n, i denotes the number of the i-th black and odorous river subregionJ=1, 2,..m, j denotes the number of the j-th drain outlet.
Preferably, in the second step, the analysis mode of the water pollution ratio index at each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area is as follows:
extracting standard water quality parameters of river corresponding to a normal river stored in a river ecological management database, and analyzing water quality pollution proportion indexes at each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river subarea according to the sewage water quality parameters corresponding to each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river subarea
Where e is expressed as a natural constant, delta 1 、δ 2 、δ 3 、δ 4 Respectively expressed as a water quality influence weight factor, p, corresponding to the preset sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value Label (C) a 1 、p Label (C) a 2 、p Label (C) a 3 、p Label (C) a 4 Respectively expressed as standard transparency, standard dissolved oxygen content, standard ammonia nitrogen content, standard PH value and delta pa of the corresponding river water of a normal river channel 1 、Δpa 2 、Δpa 3 、Δpa 4 Respectively representing a preset river transparency allowable deviation value, a river dissolved oxygen content allowable deviation value, a river ammonia nitrogen content allowable deviation value and a river pH value allowable deviation value;
comparing the water pollution ratio index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area with a preset river water pollution ratio index threshold, if the water pollution ratio index of a certain sewage outlet in a certain black and odorous river sub-area is larger than the preset river water pollution ratio index threshold, marking the sewage outlet in the black and odorous river sub-area as a designated sewage outlet, counting each designated sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area, and carrying out sewage interception treatment on each designated sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area.
Preferably, in the third step, the monitoring of the pollution parameters of the sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area specifically includes:
uniformly arranging a plurality of monitoring points in each black and odorous river sub-area, collecting sludge with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain sludge samples with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, and monitoring pollution parameters of the sludge samples with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, wherein the pollution parameters comprise physicochemical indexes and element pollution indexes;
extracting PH value, water content and salt concentration in physicochemical indexes corresponding to sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and analyzing formulas according to physicochemical index pollution weight coefficients
Obtaining a physicochemical index pollution weight coefficient psi corresponding to each depth sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region i rf Wherein gamma is 1 、γ 2 、γ 3 Respectively expressed as a sludge pollution influencing factor corresponding to a preset PH value, a preset water content and a preset salt concentration, q i rf b 1 、q i rf b 2 、q i rf b 3 The PH, water content, salt concentration, r=1, 2, u, f=1, 2, g, q 'in the physicochemical index corresponding to the f-th depth sludge sample at the r-th monitoring point in the i-th black and odorous river sub-area are respectively expressed as' Allow for b 1 、q′ Allow for b 2 、q′ Allow for b 3 Respectively expressed as the allowable PH value, the allowable water content and the allowable salt concentration of unit volume corresponding to the set river sludge, and delta q' Allow for b 3 The allowable salinity concentration deviation value corresponding to the preset unit volume of sludge is expressed;
heavy metal element content, total nitrogen element content, total phosphorus element content and total potassium element content in corresponding element pollution indexes of sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region are extracted, and element pollution weight coefficient theta corresponding to the sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region is obtained through analysis i rf 。
Preferably, the specific steps corresponding to the step four include:
the physicochemical index pollution weight coefficient psi corresponding to each depth sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area i rf And element pollution weight coefficient theta i rf Substituted sludge pollution degree proportion index analysis formula
Obtaining pollution degree ratio index of sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region>
Wherein lambda is 1 And lambda (lambda) 2 The pollution degree correction factors are respectively expressed as pollution degree correction factors corresponding to preset river sludge physicochemical indexes and pollution degree correction factors corresponding to river sludge elements.
Preferably, the specific steps corresponding to the step four further include:
comparing the pollution degree ratio index of each depth of the sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area with a preset sludge pollution degree ratio index threshold value, if the pollution degree ratio index of a certain depth of the sludge sample at a certain monitoring point in a certain black and odorous river sub-area is larger than the preset sludge pollution degree ratio index threshold value, the depth of the sludge at the monitoring point in the black and odorous river sub-area is heavy polluted sludge, screening the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, and further comparing and counting the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area, and taking the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area as the sludge to be cleaned.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the river water quality parameters corresponding to the black and odorous river sub-areas are obtained by:
the river water corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is sampled through an unmanned plane, and the river water quality parameters corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region are monitored, wherein the river water quality parameters comprise the transparency of the river water and the dissolved oxygen content of the river waterThe amount, the ammonia nitrogen content and the pH value of the river water, and obtaining the river water quality pollution ratio index corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region according to the analysis mode of the water quality pollution ratio index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-region, and recording the river water quality pollution ratio index as phi i ；
The method comprises the steps of acquiring images of water surfaces corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas through unmanned aerial vehicles, obtaining water surface images corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, processing according to the water surface images corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, obtaining underwater floater information corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, wherein the underwater floater information comprises areas and types of floaters, analyzing and obtaining an underwater floater pollution ratio index corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, and recording the underwater floater pollution ratio index as sigma i 。
Preferably, the analysis mode of the pollution ratio index of the floating matters in water corresponding to the subareas of each black and odorous river channel is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out segmentation processing and enhancement processing on a water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region to obtain sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, comparing the sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region with preset set images respectively, counting the similarity between the sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region and the set images, screening the set image with highest similarity between each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, marking the set image as a target set image corresponding to each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region, extracting the type of each target set image corresponding to each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region, and marking the set image as the type of each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region;
obtaining the area of each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region according to the sub-image of each floating object in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, counting the accumulated area and the accumulated number corresponding to each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region according to the type of each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region, and analyzing the pollution proportion index of the floating object in water corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein x is ic Expressed as the cumulative number of c-th type floats in the i-th black and odorous channel subregion, c=1, 2,.. c Expressed as a pollution weight factor, s, corresponding to a preset c-th type of float ic Expressed as the accumulated area corresponding to the c-th kind of floaters in the ith black and odorous river region, S i Standard of The standard area of the ith black and odorous river sub-area corresponding to the water surface image is represented, and e is represented as a natural constant.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is analyzed, and the specific analysis mode is as follows:
according to the river water quality pollution proportion index phi corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region i And a ratio of contamination with water float index sigma i Analyzing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein χ is i Expressed as river water environmental pollution degree coefficient, eta corresponding to the ith black and odorous river sub-region 1 、η 2 Respectively expressed as a river water quality pollution influence weight factor and a river water floating matter pollution influence weight factor.
Compared with the prior art, the black and odorous river ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the Internet of things technology has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the water quality parameters of sewage corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas are monitored, the water quality pollution proportion index of the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas is analyzed, and the corresponding treatment is carried out after the comparison and analysis, so that the current situation investigation and analysis of the sewage outlets corresponding to the black and odorous river are realized, the sewage outlets of the black and odorous river can be modified in a targeted and reasonable manner, and the accurate and effective sewage interception treatment of the sewage outlets in the black and odorous stage is further realized.
According to the invention, the pollution parameters of the sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area are monitored, the pollution degree proportion index of the sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area is analyzed, and the sludge depth to be cleaned corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area is obtained by comparison, so that the pollution degree of the underwater sludge in the river can be accurately mastered, the phenomenon that the underwater sludge in the river is not cleaned in place in the later stage is avoided, the implementation precision of dredging engineering is improved, the problem of secondary pollution of the river water is further avoided, and the ecological environment of the water in the river in the later stage is not influenced.
According to the invention, the river water environment corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is monitored, the river water environment pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is analyzed, the river water environment pollution grade corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is screened, and corresponding treatment measures are carried out on each black and odorous river sub-region, so that the change of the original ecology of the black and odorous river is reduced to the greatest extent, the long-term maintenance of the river water can be ensured, the phenomenon of repeated black and odorous occurrence of the river water is avoided, and the ecological comprehensive treatment effect of the black and odorous river is further embodied.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a black and odorous river ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology, which comprises the following steps:
step one, sewage quality parameter monitoring of a sewage outlet: dividing the black and odorous river channel region to be treated into black and odorous river channel subregions according to a preset dividing mode, and monitoring sewage quality parameters corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river channel subregions.
Based on the above embodiment, the specific steps corresponding to the step one are as follows:
dividing the black and odorous river channel region to be treated in a river channel length equal division mode to obtain each subarea corresponding to the black and odorous river channel region to be treated, recording the subarea as each black and odorous river channel subarea, and numbering each black and odorous river channel subarea as 1,2 in sequence;
counting the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, sampling sewage at the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, and monitoring the sewage quality parameters corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas by a water quality monitor, wherein the sewage quality parameters comprise sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value, and the sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas are respectively marked as p ij a 1 、p ij a 2 、p ij a 3 、p ij a 4 I=1, 2,..n, i represents the number of the i-th black and odorous river sub-area, j=1, 2,..m, j represents the number of the j-th drain outlet.
Analyzing and treating the sewage water quality parameters: analyzing to obtain the water pollution ratio index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area, and carrying out corresponding treatment after comparison and analysis.
Based on the above embodiment, the water pollution ratio index analysis method at each drain outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area in the second step is as follows:
extracting standard water quality parameters of river corresponding to a normal river stored in a river ecological management database, and analyzing each black river according to the sewage water quality parameters corresponding to each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river subareaWater pollution ratio index of each sewage outlet in odor river region
Where e is expressed as a natural constant, delta 1 、δ 2 、δ 3 、δ 4 Respectively expressed as a water quality influence weight factor, p, corresponding to the preset sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value Label (C) a 1 、p Label (C) a 2 、p Label (C) a 3 、p Label (C) a 4 Respectively expressed as standard transparency, standard dissolved oxygen content, standard ammonia nitrogen content, standard PH value and delta pa of the corresponding river water of a normal river channel 1 、Δpa 2 、Δpa 3 、Δpa 4 Respectively representing a preset river transparency allowable deviation value, a river dissolved oxygen content allowable deviation value, a river ammonia nitrogen content allowable deviation value and a river pH value allowable deviation value;
comparing the water pollution ratio index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area with a preset river water pollution ratio index threshold, if the water pollution ratio index of a certain sewage outlet in a certain black and odorous river sub-area is larger than the preset river water pollution ratio index threshold, marking the sewage outlet in the black and odorous river sub-area as a designated sewage outlet, counting each designated sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area, and carrying out sewage interception treatment on each designated sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area.
In the embodiment, the sewage quality parameters corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas are monitored, the water quality pollution proportion indexes at the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas are analyzed, and the corresponding treatment is carried out after the comparison and analysis, so that the current situation investigation and analysis of the sewage outlets corresponding to the black and odorous river are realized, the sewage outlets of the black and odorous river can be modified in a targeted and reasonable manner, and the accurate and effective sewage interception treatment of the sewage outlets in the black and odorous stage is further realized.
Step three, monitoring the deep silt pollution parameters: and collecting sludge samples at each depth of each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and monitoring pollution parameters of the sludge samples at each depth of each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the monitoring of the pollution parameters of the sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area in the third step specifically includes:
uniformly arranging a plurality of monitoring points in each black and odorous river sub-area, collecting sludge with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain sludge samples with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, and respectively monitoring pollution parameters of the sludge samples with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area by using intelligent equipment, wherein the pollution parameters comprise physicochemical indexes and element pollution indexes;
extracting PH value, water content and salt concentration in physicochemical indexes corresponding to sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and analyzing formulas according to physicochemical index pollution weight coefficients
Obtaining a physicochemical index pollution weight coefficient psi corresponding to each depth sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region i rf Wherein gamma is 1 、γ 2 、γ 3 Respectively expressed as a sludge pollution influencing factor corresponding to a preset PH value, a preset water content and a preset salt concentration, q i rf b 1 、q i rf b 2 、q i rf b 3 The PH, water content, salt concentration, r=1, 2, u, f=1, 2, g, q 'in the physicochemical index corresponding to the f-th depth sludge sample at the r-th monitoring point in the i-th black and odorous river sub-area are respectively expressed as' Allow for b 1 、q′ Allow for b 2 、q′ Allow for b 3 Respectively expressed as the allowable PH value, the allowable water content and the allowable salt concentration of unit volume corresponding to the set river sludge, and delta q' Allow for b 3 The allowable salinity concentration deviation value corresponding to the preset unit volume of sludge is expressed;
extracting each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-areaAnalyzing the heavy metal element content, the total nitrogen element content, the total phosphorus element content and the total potassium element content in the corresponding element pollution indexes of each deep silt sample to obtain element pollution weight coefficient theta corresponding to each deep silt sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area i rf 。
The intelligent equipment comprises a PH meter, a soil moisture content tester, a soil salinity tester and a soil element analysis tester.
Further, element pollution weight coefficients corresponding to the sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein gamma is 4 、γ 5 、γ 6 、γ 7 Respectively expressed as sludge pollution influencing factors corresponding to the preset heavy metal element content, total nitrogen element content, total phosphorus element content and total potassium element content, q i rf b 4 、q i rf b 5 、q i rf b 6 、q i rf b 7 Respectively expressed as heavy metal element content, total nitrogen element content, total phosphorus element content, total potassium element content and V in corresponding element pollution indexes of f depth sludge samples at the (th) monitoring point in the (th) black and odorous river region i rf Expressed as the volume, epsilon, of the f-th depth sludge sample at the r-th monitoring point in the ith black and odorous river region Allow for b 4 、ε Allow for b 5 、ε Allow for b 6 、ε Allow for b 7 The allowable heavy metal element content threshold value, the allowable total nitrogen element content threshold value, the allowable total phosphorus element content threshold value and the allowable total potassium element content threshold value which correspond to the set sludge per unit volume are respectively expressed.
Fourth, deep sludge pollution degree analysis: and analyzing pollution degree proportion indexes of the sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and comparing to obtain the corresponding sludge depth to be cleaned of each black and odorous river sub-region.
Based on the above embodiment, the specific steps corresponding to the fourth step include:
the physicochemical index pollution weight coefficient psi corresponding to each depth sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area i rf And element pollution weight coefficient theta i rf Substituted sludge pollution degree proportion index analysis formula
Obtaining pollution degree ratio index of sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region>
Wherein lambda is 1 And lambda (lambda) 2 The pollution degree correction factors are respectively expressed as pollution degree correction factors corresponding to preset river sludge physicochemical indexes and pollution degree correction factors corresponding to river sludge elements.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, the specific steps corresponding to the fourth step further include:
comparing the pollution degree ratio index of each depth of the sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area with a preset sludge pollution degree ratio index threshold value, if the pollution degree ratio index of a certain depth of the sludge sample at a certain monitoring point in a certain black and odorous river sub-area is larger than the preset sludge pollution degree ratio index threshold value, the depth of the sludge at the monitoring point in the black and odorous river sub-area is heavy polluted sludge, screening the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, and further comparing and counting the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area, and taking the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area as the sludge to be cleaned.
In the embodiment, the pollution parameters of the sludge samples at each depth in each black and odorous river sub-area are monitored, the pollution degree proportion index of the sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area is analyzed, and the sludge depth to be cleaned corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area is obtained by comparison, so that the pollution degree of the underwater sludge in the river can be accurately mastered, the phenomenon that the underwater sludge in the river cannot be cleaned in place in the later stage is avoided, the implementation precision of dredging engineering is improved, the problem of secondary pollution of the river body is further avoided, and the ecological environment of the water body in the river in the later stage is ensured not to be influenced.
Step five, monitoring the water environment of the black and odorous river channel: and monitoring the river water environment corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region to obtain the river water quality parameters and the in-water floater information corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the obtaining method of the river water quality parameter corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region in the fifth step is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of sampling river water corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region through an unmanned plane, monitoring river water quality parameters corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, wherein the river water quality parameters comprise river water transparency, river water dissolved oxygen content, river water ammonia nitrogen content and river water pH value, obtaining river water quality pollution ratio index corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region according to a water quality pollution ratio index analysis mode of each drain outlet in each black and odorous river sub-region, and recording the river water quality pollution ratio index as phi i ；
The method comprises the steps of acquiring images of water surfaces corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas through unmanned aerial vehicles, obtaining water surface images corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, processing according to the water surface images corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, obtaining underwater floater information corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, wherein the underwater floater information comprises areas and types of floaters, analyzing and obtaining an underwater floater pollution ratio index corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, and recording the underwater floater pollution ratio index as sigma i 。
Further, the analytic formula of the river water quality pollution ratio index corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is as follows
Wherein e is represented as a natural constant, p' i a′ 1 、p′ i a′ 2 、p′ i a′ 3 、p′ i a′ 4 Respectively expressed as the river water transparency corresponding to the ith black and odorous river sub-areaThe degree, the dissolved oxygen content of the river water, the ammonia nitrogen content of the river water and the pH value of the river water.
Further, the analysis mode of the pollution ratio index of the floating matters in the water corresponding to the subareas of each black and odorous river channel is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out segmentation processing and enhancement processing on a water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region to obtain sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, comparing the sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region with preset set images respectively, counting the similarity between the sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region and the set images, screening the set image with highest similarity between each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, marking the set image as a target set image corresponding to each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region, extracting the type of each target set image corresponding to each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region, and marking the set image as the type of each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region;
obtaining the area of each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region according to the sub-image of each floating object in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, counting the accumulated area and the accumulated number corresponding to each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region according to the type of each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region, and analyzing the pollution proportion index of the floating object in water corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein x is ic Expressed as the cumulative number of c-th type floats in the i-th black and odorous channel subregion, c=1, 2,.. c Expressed as a pollution weight factor, s, corresponding to a preset c-th type of float ic Expressed as the accumulated area corresponding to the c-th kind of floaters in the ith black and odorous river region, S i Standard of The standard area of the ith black and odorous river sub-area corresponding to the water surface image is represented, and e is represented as a natural constant.
Step six, regional river water environment treatment: analyzing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea, screening the river water environmental pollution grade corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea, and carrying out corresponding treatment measures on each black and odorous river channel subarea.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in the sixth step, the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area is analyzed, and the specific analysis mode is as follows:
according to the river water quality pollution proportion index phi corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region i And a ratio of contamination with water float index sigma i Analyzing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein χ is i Expressed as river water environmental pollution degree coefficient, eta corresponding to the ith black and odorous river sub-region 1 、η 2 Respectively expressed as a river water quality pollution influence weight factor and a river water floating matter pollution influence weight factor.
Further, in the sixth step, corresponding treatment measures are performed on the black and odorous river sub-areas, which specifically include:
extracting the depth of sludge to be cleaned corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, and informing river management staff to perform dredging treatment of the corresponding depth on each black and odorous river sub-region; and meanwhile, comparing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea with the pollution degree coefficient range corresponding to each set river water environmental pollution grade, if the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to a certain black and odorous river channel subarea is in the pollution degree coefficient range corresponding to a certain set river water environmental pollution grade, counting the set river water environmental pollution grade corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea as the set river water environmental pollution grade, and informing a river channel manager to carry out microorganism treatment measures corresponding to the river water environmental pollution grade on each black and odorous river channel subarea.
In the embodiment, the river water environment corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is monitored, the river water environment pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is analyzed, the river water environment pollution grade corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is screened, and corresponding treatment measures are carried out on each black and odorous river sub-region, so that the change of the original ecology of the black and odorous river is reduced to the greatest extent, the river water can be kept in a normal state for a long time, the phenomenon of black and odorous phenomenon of the river water is avoided, and the ecological comprehensive treatment effect of the black and odorous river is further embodied.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the principles of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the specific embodiments described, or similar thereto, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the Internet of things technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, sewage quality parameter monitoring of a sewage outlet: dividing a black and odorous river channel region to be treated into black and odorous river channel subregions according to a preset dividing mode, and monitoring sewage quality parameters corresponding to sewage outlets in the black and odorous river channel subregions;
analyzing and treating the sewage water quality parameters: analyzing to obtain the water pollution proportion index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area, and carrying out corresponding treatment after comparison analysis;
step three, monitoring the deep silt pollution parameters: collecting sludge samples of each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and monitoring pollution parameters of the sludge samples of each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region;
fourth, deep sludge pollution degree analysis: analyzing pollution degree proportion indexes of sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and comparing to obtain the corresponding sludge depth to be cleaned of each black and odorous river sub-region;
step five, monitoring the water environment of the black and odorous river channel: monitoring the river water environment corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region to obtain river water quality parameters and in-water floater information corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region;
step six, regional river water environment treatment: analyzing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea, screening the river water environmental pollution grade corresponding to each black and odorous river channel subarea, and carrying out corresponding treatment measures on each black and odorous river channel subarea;
in the third step, pollution parameters of sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area are monitored, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
uniformly arranging a plurality of monitoring points in each black and odorous river sub-area, collecting sludge with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain sludge samples with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, and monitoring pollution parameters of the sludge samples with each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, wherein the pollution parameters comprise physicochemical indexes and element pollution indexes;
extracting PH value, water content and salt concentration in physicochemical indexes corresponding to sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region, and analyzing formulas according to physicochemical index pollution weight coefficients
Obtaining a physicochemical index pollution weight coefficient psi corresponding to each depth sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region i rf Wherein gamma is 1 、γ 2 、γ 3 Respectively expressed as a sludge pollution influencing factor corresponding to a preset PH value, a preset water content and a preset salt concentration, q i rf b 1 、q i rf b 2 、q i rf b 3 The PH, water content, salt concentration, r=1, 2, u, f=1, 2, g, q 'in the physicochemical index corresponding to the f-th depth sludge sample at the r-th monitoring point in the i-th black and odorous river sub-area are respectively expressed as' Allow for b 1 、q′ Allow for b 2 、q′ Allow for b 3 Respectively expressed as the allowable PH value, the allowable water content and the allowable salt concentration of unit volume corresponding to the set river sludge, and delta q' Allow for b 3 Expressed as presetA permissible salt concentration deviation value corresponding to the unit volume of sludge;
heavy metal element content, total nitrogen element content, total phosphorus element content and total potassium element content in corresponding element pollution indexes of sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region are extracted, and element pollution weight coefficient theta corresponding to the sludge samples at each depth in each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region is obtained through analysis i rf ；
The specific steps corresponding to the step four comprise:
the physicochemical index pollution weight coefficient psi corresponding to each depth sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area i rf And element pollution weight coefficient theta i rf Substituted sludge pollution degree proportion index analysis formula
Obtaining pollution degree ratio index of sludge samples at each depth at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-region>
Wherein lambda is 1 And lambda (lambda) 2 The pollution degree correction factors are respectively expressed as pollution degree correction factors corresponding to preset river sludge physicochemical indexes and pollution degree correction factors corresponding to river sludge elements;
the specific steps corresponding to the step four further comprise:
comparing the pollution degree ratio index of each depth of the sludge sample at each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area with a preset sludge pollution degree ratio index threshold value, if the pollution degree ratio index of a certain depth of the sludge sample at a certain monitoring point in a certain black and odorous river sub-area is larger than the preset sludge pollution degree ratio index threshold value, the depth of the sludge at the monitoring point in the black and odorous river sub-area is heavy polluted sludge, screening the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each monitoring point in each black and odorous river sub-area, and further comparing and counting the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area, and taking the maximum depth of the heavy polluted sludge corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-area as the sludge to be cleaned.
2. The black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific steps corresponding to the first step are as follows:
dividing the black and odorous river channel region to be treated in a river channel length equal division mode to obtain each subarea corresponding to the black and odorous river channel region to be treated, recording the subarea as each black and odorous river channel subarea, and numbering each black and odorous river channel subarea as 1,2 in sequence;
counting the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, sampling sewage at the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, and monitoring sewage quality parameters corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas, wherein the sewage quality parameters comprise sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value, and the sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value corresponding to the sewage outlets in the black and odorous river sub-areas are respectively marked as p ij a 1 、p ij a 2 、p ij a 3 、p ij a 4 I=1, 2,..n, i represents the number of the i-th black and odorous river sub-area, j=1, 2,..m, j represents the number of the j-th drain outlet.
3. The black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the second step, the water pollution proportion index analysis mode of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area is as follows:
extracting standard water quality parameters of river corresponding to a normal river stored in a river ecological management database, and analyzing water quality pollution proportion indexes at each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river subarea according to the sewage water quality parameters corresponding to each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river subarea
Wherein e is denoted as selfConstant, delta 1 、δ 2 、δ 3 、δ 4 Respectively expressed as a water quality influence weight factor, p, corresponding to the preset sewage transparency, sewage dissolved oxygen content, sewage ammonia nitrogen content and sewage pH value Label (C) a 1 、p Label (C) a 2 、p Label (C) a 3 、p Label (C) a 4 Respectively expressed as standard transparency, standard dissolved oxygen content, standard ammonia nitrogen content, standard PH value and delta pa of the corresponding river water of a normal river channel 1 、Δpa 2 、Δpa 3 、Δpa 4 Respectively representing a preset river transparency allowable deviation value, a river dissolved oxygen content allowable deviation value, a river ammonia nitrogen content allowable deviation value and a river pH value allowable deviation value;
comparing the water pollution ratio index of each sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area with a preset river water pollution ratio index threshold, if the water pollution ratio index of a certain sewage outlet in a certain black and odorous river sub-area is larger than the preset river water pollution ratio index threshold, marking the sewage outlet in the black and odorous river sub-area as a designated sewage outlet, counting each designated sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area, and carrying out sewage interception treatment on each designated sewage outlet in each black and odorous river sub-area.
4. The black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fifth step, the river water quality parameters corresponding to the black and odorous river sub-areas are obtained by the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of sampling river water corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region through an unmanned plane, monitoring river water quality parameters corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, wherein the river water quality parameters comprise river water transparency, river water dissolved oxygen content, river water ammonia nitrogen content and river water pH value, obtaining river water quality pollution ratio index corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region according to a water quality pollution ratio index analysis mode of each drain outlet in each black and odorous river sub-region, and recording the river water quality pollution ratio index as phi i ；
The unmanned aerial vehicle is used for carrying out water surface corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-regionAcquiring images to obtain water surface images corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, processing according to the water surface images corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas to obtain in-water floater information corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, wherein the in-water floater information comprises the area and the type of each floater, analyzing to obtain in-water floater pollution ratio indexes corresponding to all black and odorous river sub-areas, and recording the in-water floater pollution ratio indexes as sigma i 。
5. The black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the analysis mode of the pollution proportion index of the floating matters in the water corresponding to the subregions of each black and odorous river channel is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out segmentation processing and enhancement processing on a water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region to obtain sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, comparing the sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region with preset set images respectively, counting the similarity between the sub-images of each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region and the set images, screening the set image with highest similarity between each floater in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, marking the set image as a target set image corresponding to each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region, extracting the type of each target set image corresponding to each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region, and marking the set image as the type of each floater in each black and odorous river sub-region;
obtaining the area of each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region according to the sub-image of each floating object in the water surface image corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region, counting the accumulated area and the accumulated number corresponding to each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region according to the type of each floating object in each black and odorous river sub-region, and analyzing the pollution proportion index of the floating object in water corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein x is ic Expressed as the c-th kind of floaters in the i-th black and odorous river regionCumulative number, c=1, 2,.. c Expressed as a pollution weight factor, s, corresponding to a preset c-th type of float ic Expressed as the accumulated area corresponding to the c-th kind of floaters in the ith black and odorous river region, S i Standard of The standard area of the ith black and odorous river sub-area corresponding to the water surface image is represented, and e is represented as a natural constant.
6. The black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on the internet of things technology according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the sixth step, the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region is analyzed, and the specific analysis mode is as follows:
according to the river water quality pollution proportion index phi corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region i And a ratio of contamination with water float index sigma i Analyzing the river water environmental pollution degree coefficient corresponding to each black and odorous river sub-region
Wherein χ is i Expressed as river water environmental pollution degree coefficient, eta corresponding to the ith black and odorous river sub-region 1 、η 2 Respectively expressed as a river water quality pollution influence weight factor and a river water floating matter pollution influence weight factor.
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