CN115329425A - Air quality driven building group form optimization design method and system - Google Patents

Air quality driven building group form optimization design method and system Download PDF

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CN115329425A
CN115329425A CN202210905483.4A CN202210905483A CN115329425A CN 115329425 A CN115329425 A CN 115329425A CN 202210905483 A CN202210905483 A CN 202210905483A CN 115329425 A CN115329425 A CN 115329425A
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余瑞
梁宇鸣
许莹
张玫
姚维勉
刘莉
官文娟
阮佳莉
梁婷
马勇
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for optimally designing the form of a building group under the drive of air quality, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting street building form data and street air quality environment data; establishing a random forest model according to the acquired data, and establishing correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality; inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, performing all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining the acquired correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data; and carrying out comprehensive treatment according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, and using the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group form design strategy. The invention can provide design basis for city planning and building design, and provide reference for city atmospheric pollution treatment, and can generate good social, economic and ecological benefits.

Description

Air quality driven building group form optimization design method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban building design, in particular to an air quality driven building group form optimization design method and system.
Background
In the process of urbanization, the urban air quality is often gradually deteriorated due to the increase of population density of urban areas and the increase of various fuel consumptions. Meanwhile, the natural landscape gradually changes into a high-density building environment in the urban expansion process, so that the diffusion of air pollutants is further hindered, and the influence of air pollution on residents is aggravated. Therefore, the development of a building morphology optimization method based on the concentration distribution of air pollutants has an important influence on promoting the air pollutants and improving the urban air quality.
The relevant prior art can be found in: the patent CN112001011A discloses a method for extracting an urban skyline aesthetic quantization factor range based on wind environment evaluation, which obtains the optimal tortuosity and undulation range suitable for the most comfortable environment of a human body under the evaluation standard of a building wind environment by obtaining the relationship between a curve of the fluctuation degree of the wind environment and the tortuosity of a contour and the wind environment and the undulation degree of the building, thereby evaluating the urban skyline more intuitively and providing reference for the design of the skyline. Patent CN114091146A discloses a method, an apparatus and a storage medium for designing a street shape based on wind environment simulation, which optimizes the street shape of a design site by simulating the wind environment, thereby improving the difficulty of optimizing the design of the street. However, the method cannot monitor the air quality concentration of the whole urban area, and cannot analyze the correlation between the air pollutant concentration and the building form, so that the nonlinear relation between the air quality concentration and the building form is effectively simulated, and certain disadvantages exist in the aspect of optimizing and designing the building group form. Patent CN110826134A discloses a design method of urban building group based on energy consumption and local microclimate comprehensive optimization. The design method aims at the microclimate of the regional building group and the energy consumption of the building group, comprehensively inspects the lighting load, the cold and hot load and the outdoor thermal comfort level, and can realize the comprehensive optimization of the energy consumption of the building group and the outdoor microenvironment. However, this method is optimized based on meteorological data, which is regional, and therefore, the overall building shape cannot be evaluated.
The invention can evaluate the function of each building form factor in returning to the air quality concentration based on the building form optimization of the air pollutant concentration distribution, thereby more accurately assisting the building form design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a building group form optimization design method driven by air quality, and has the advantages of providing design basis for green ecology and human health methods of city planning and building design, providing reference for city atmospheric pollution control and generating good social, economic and ecological benefits.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an air quality driven building group form optimization design method comprises the following steps:
collecting street building form data and street air quality environment data;
establishing a random forest model according to the collected street building form data and the street air quality environment data, and establishing correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality;
inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, performing all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
and performing comprehensive treatment according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group shape layout, and outputting the optimal building group shape layout strategy.
Preferably, the collecting the street architectural shape data comprises:
acquiring 3D shape contour data of urban building groups, and establishing an urban building shape data platform; implementing the following steps on the urban building form data platform:
and acquiring vector data of urban ground surface buildings as a data source, calculating three-dimensional morphological information of morphological parameter representation buildings based on square grids, and extracting and calculating.
Preferably, collecting the neighborhood air quality environment data comprises: acquiring urban meteorological observation station data and satellite remote sensing aerosol observation data, and establishing an air quality environment data platform; implementing the following steps on the platform for establishing the air quality environment data:
acquiring the optical thickness data of the small-scale aerosol of the geostationary satellite;
and performing urban full-coverage PM2.5 concentration inversion according to the acquired thickness data.
Preferably, the establishing of the correlation characteristics of different building forms to the air quality comprises: and (4) carrying out regression analysis by using a random forest model, and evaluating the effect of each three-dimensional building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration.
Preferably, said assessing the effect of each three-dimensional architectural form factor in regression with PM2.5 concentration comprises,
the influence of the architectural form factor on the PM2.5 concentration is expressed by the following formula, wherein the calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000021
wherein f is a partial dependence function, xs is PM2.5 concentration, xc is a three-dimensional building form factor, and n is the number of the calculated three-dimensional building form factor areas.
Preferably, the step of inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, performing all-weather simulation on different building group models, and obtaining multiple groups of air quality data by combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality comprises the following steps:
inputting new building group form parameter data of different schemes, establishing different building group scheme models of a block and performing all-weather simulation of different weather environments all the year around to obtain the solar radiation intensity of the new building group and the sunshine distribution result of the building group area, and obtaining a plurality of groups of air pollution concentration distribution results by utilizing the established random forest model.
Preferably, the morphological parameters corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result are used as the optimal building group morphological layout, wherein the corresponding morphological parameters include one or more of building density, building height, building volume density, windward area ratio, plot volume ratio and building height standard deviation.
Preferably, the synthesis treatment is carried out by the following formula,
OptS＝a*S1+b*S2+c*S3 (2)
wherein OptS is a comprehensive optimization result; a, b and c are weight coefficients of S1, S2 and A3 respectively; s1, representing the solar radiation intensity of a newly-built building group; s2, showing the sunshine distribution of the building group area; s3 represents the air pollution concentration distribution.
The invention also provides an air quality driven building group form optimization design system, which is used for realizing the air quality driven building group form optimization design method; the system comprises an acquisition module, a data processing module, a data simulation module and a data output module, wherein,
the acquisition module is used for acquiring street building form data and street air quality environment data;
the data processing module is used for establishing a random forest model according to the collected street architectural form data and the street air quality environment data and establishing correlation characteristics of different architectural forms to the air quality;
the data simulation module is used for inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, carrying out all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
and the data output module is used for carrying out comprehensive processing according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group shape layout, and outputting the optimal building group shape design strategy.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) High efficiency and convenience: for building designers, the response of a building scheme to air quality can be assessed by the invention without the need to learn environmental science and aerodynamic expertise.
2) Effectiveness: the PM2.5 concentration monitoring of the whole city area can be realized by combining satellite-ground multi-source data, and on the basis, the correlation analysis of the block scale atmosphere PM2.5 concentration and the building form can be realized. In addition, the modeling method based on the random forest can effectively simulate the nonlinear relation between the PM2.5 concentration and the building form, and evaluate the effect of each three-dimensional building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration, so that the building form design is more accurately assisted.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
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Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a method for optimally designing a building group shape under air quality driving according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an air quality driven building group form optimization design method, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, collecting street building form data and street air quality environment data;
s2, establishing a random forest model according to the collected street building form data and the street air quality environment data, and establishing correlation characteristics of different building forms to the air quality;
s3, inputting morphological parameter data of the newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, performing all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
and S4, carrying out comprehensive treatment according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group form layout, and outputting the optimal building group form design strategy.
The invention can realize the PM2.5 concentration monitoring of the whole urban area by combining with the satellite-ground multi-source data, and can realize the correlation analysis of the block-scale atmospheric PM2.5 concentration and the building form on the basis. In addition, the modeling method based on the random forest can effectively simulate the nonlinear relation between the PM2.5 concentration and the building form, and evaluate the effect of each three-dimensional building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration, so that the building form design is assisted more accurately.
Specifically, before the step S1, the following steps are further included: and establishing a server and connecting the server with the Internet. The server has the functions of uploading and downloading building data and can store the shape parameters and the model of the block building group.
Further, in step S1, the collecting the street architectural shape data includes: 3D form contour data of urban building groups are collected, and an urban building form data platform is established. Wherein, on the urban form data platform, the collected urban ground surface building vector data is used as a data source and is based on a square grid (5 km in terms of the number of square grids) 2 Unit area) to calculate the morphological parameters such as building density, building height, building volume density, windward area ratio, plot volume ratio and building height standard deviation, to express the three-dimensional morphological information of the building and to extract and calculate. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the building height is the height from the roof surface to the outdoor floor and is indicated by H.
The building density represents the proportion of the sum of the areas of the building bases in the block to the occupied area, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003772304420000051
in the formula, D represents the building density in the land block, aa represents the sum of the areas of the building bases in the land block, and At represents the floor area of the land block.
The frontal area ratio represents the ratio of the frontal area of the building to the area of the plot, and the frontal area represents the sum of the total area of the frontal area blocked in front of the building in the direction of the incoming wind. The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000052
in the formula, B θ Representing the total area of the windward side blocked in front of the building and A f The sum of the frontal area of the buildings in the block representing the direction of the incoming wind theta, and A t Representing the footprint of the plot.
The building volume density is expressed as a building total volume value in the land block, and the building volume density is obtained by dividing the building total volume value by multiplying the highest building height in the land block by the land block area to form a volume value, and the obtained ratio result is the building volume density. Reflecting the spatial concentration of building blocks within the block. The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000053
in the formula, V represents the building volume density, ai represents the building floor area, hi represents the building height, at represents the floor area of the land, and Hmax represents the highest building height.
The plot volumetric capacity represents the proportion of the total building area on the ground to the net land area in the plot, and the calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000054
in the formula, R represents the volume ratio of the land block building, ab represents the sum of the areas of each floor of the upper building in the land block, and At represents the floor area of the land block.
The standard deviation of the building height represents the standard deviation of all building height values in the plot, reflects the discrete degree of the data, and reflects the difference degree and the error degree of the building height in the vertical direction in the plot. The calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000061
wherein C represents the standard deviation of the building height, N represents the number of samples, i.e., the number of buildings in the block, H i Represents the ith height of the building,
Figure BDA0003772304420000062
representing the average height of the building within the plot.
In step S1, collecting the neighborhood air quality environment data includes: the method comprises the steps of collecting meteorological observation station data of nearly three seasons in the urban area and satellite remote sensing aerosol observation data, and establishing an air quality environment data platform for the street air quality environment (PM 2.5 concentration space-time distribution). On the platform for establishing the air quality environmental data, the method further comprises the following steps:
s1.1, acquiring small-scale aerosol optical thickness data of a geostationary satellite in a corresponding time period and space range;
s1.2, comprehensive inversion of the concentration of PM2.5 in urban full coverage is carried out by utilizing comprehensive satellite aerosol optical thickness data, ground air quality station monitoring data and meteorological station monitoring data.
Further, in step S2, a random forest model is established through the acquired city form data platform and the air quality environment data platform, and correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality (PM 2.5 pollution) are established; the different building forms are expressed as building density, building height, building volume density, frontal area ratio, plot fraction and building height standard deviation. The correlation characteristics indicate that different building forms may have a convergent or diffuse effect on air quality due to air pollution. In this embodiment, the establishing of the correlation characteristics of different building forms to the air quality is performed by the following steps: the nonlinear relation between the PM2.5 concentration and the building form is simulated, the effect of the three-dimensional building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration is evaluated, and the result shows that different building forms have the effect of gathering or diffusing the air pollutants (PM 2.5) in the block where the building forms are located.
In the embodiment, the established urban building form and air quality environment (PM 2.5 concentration space-time distribution) data platform utilizes a random forest model to perform regression analysis, and evaluates the function of each three-dimensional building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration. The influence of the building form factor on the PM2.5 concentration can be expressed by a dependency graph, and the calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000063
in the formula, f is a dependent function, xs is PM2.5 concentration, xc is a three-dimensional building form factor, xs and Xc form a total feature space X, and n is the number of samples in a data set. This equation reflects the dependency between PM2.5 and the three-dimensional architectural form factor.
Further, in step S3, inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, and performing all-weather simulation on different building group models to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
inputting morphological parameter data of the newly-built building group specifically comprises inputting basic contour parameters of a planned building; establishing scheme models of different building groups in a block, performing all-weather simulation of different weather environments all the year around, and obtaining multiple groups of air quality data by utilizing correlation characteristics of different building forms obtained by a random forest model to the air quality (PM 2.5 pollution); here, the contour parameters include building height, floor area, volume factor, etc., and obtaining multiple sets of air quality refers to what different air quality effects may be produced if the area to be constructed has different building forms.
The obtaining of the plurality of groups of air quality data comprises; inputting the morphological parameter data of the newly-built building group with different schemes, carrying out all-weather simulation on different building group models to obtain the solar radiation intensity of the newly-built building group and the sunshine distribution result of the building group area, and then obtaining a plurality of groups of air pollution concentration distribution results by utilizing the established random forest model.
Further, in step S4, according to the obtained multiple sets of air pollution concentration distribution results, performing comprehensive processing to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameters corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group morphological layout, and outputting an optimal building group morphological design strategy. The method specifically comprises the following steps: step S4.1: and carrying out comprehensive treatment according to the obtained solar radiation intensity, the sunshine distribution of the building group area and the air pollution concentration distribution result of the multiple groups of newly-built building groups to obtain a comprehensive optimization result, and selecting a minimum optimization result from the comprehensive optimization results.
Wherein, the comprehensive optimization result is obtained by the following formula in the comprehensive treatment process:
OptS＝a*S 1 +b*S 2 +c*S 3 (2)
wherein OptS is the comprehensive optimization result, and a, b and c are S respectively 1 ，S 2 ，A 3 The weight coefficient of (a); s1, representing the solar radiation intensity of a newly-built building group; s2, showing the sunshine distribution of the building group area; s3 represents the air pollution concentration distribution.
It should be noted that the minimum optimization result represents the minimum value of the comprehensive optimization result, and represents the optimal building form under the conditions of comprehensively considering solar radiation, sunlight and air pollution; taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as the optimal building group morphological layout, and outputting the optimal building group morphological layout; the morphological parameter data comprise building density, building height, building volume density and windward area ratio, plot volume ratio and building height standard deviation, and the set of parameters are used as an optimal building group morphological scheme design strategy.
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the Wuhan city as an example.
Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail by combining the serious air pollution condition and the city martian in the center of the Chinese area with typical urban characteristics.
S1, acquiring 3D form contour data of building groups in a certain range of the city of Wuhan, and establishing a building form data platform of the city of Wuhan for the building forms of the blocks in the city of Wuhan.
In the embodiment, the vector data of the surface buildings in the Wuhan city district, which is acquired in 2018 and comprises the shape, height and position information of the buildings, is used for calculating the form factor of each three-dimensional building based on the square grid. And the three-dimensional shape information of the building is represented by using high spatial resolution building data and meteorological data in Wuhan city and Han city and calculating shape parameters such as building density, building height, building volume density and frontal area index based on the square grids. Further inputting a computer server, and establishing a block building form data platform in a three-ring line in Wuhan city.
The method comprises the steps of collecting data of meteorological observation stations in the near three seasons of city areas in Wuhan city and China and satellite remote sensing aerosol observation data, and establishing an air quality environment data platform for the air quality environment of the block.
In this embodiment, the PM2.5 concentration inversion of the wuhan city full coverage is comprehensively performed by combining the wuhan city satellite aerosol optical thickness data, the wuhan city ground air quality site monitoring data, and the wuhan city meteorological site monitoring data. The neighborhood air quality environment is a PM2.5 concentration space-time distribution air quality environment.
S2: according to the established Wuhan city building form data platform and the air quality environment data platform, a random forest model of the Wuhan city building form and the air quality environment is established, and the correlation characteristics of different building form schemes of each street in the Wuhan city on the air quality (PM 2.5 pollution) are obtained.
In this example, regression analysis was performed using a random forest model to evaluate the role of each three-dimensional building form factor in regression with PM2.5 concentration. The influence of the architectural form factor on the PM2.5 concentration can be expressed by a partial dependence graph, and the calculation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003772304420000081
in the formula, f is a partial dependence function, xs is the PM2.5 concentration of a certain block in Wuhan city, xc is a three-dimensional building form factor of a certain block in Wuhan city, xs and Xc form a total feature space X, and n is the number of data set samples. The formula reflects the partial dependence relationship between the PM2.5 concentration value of a specific block in Wuhan city and the three-dimensional building form factor.
S3: selecting a specific area in the Wuhan city area, inputting basic parameters of different newly-built building schemes, establishing different building group scheme models of the city block, performing all-weather simulation of different weather environments all the year around, and acquiring multiple groups of air quality data (PM 2.5 concentration space-time distribution) by utilizing the correlation characteristics of different building forms on the air quality (PM 2.5 pollution) acquired by the random forest models.
In the embodiment, basic parameters of different new building schemes are input into a central city area of Wuhan city, different building group scheme models of the street are established, all-weather simulation of different weather environments in four seasons throughout the year is carried out, and multiple groups of acquired air quality data are obtained by utilizing correlation characteristics of different building forms acquired by a random forest model to air quality, wherein the multiple groups of acquired air quality data comprise multiple groups of solar radiation intensities of new building groups, sunshine distribution results of the building group area, multiple groups of windward area indexes in an outdoor area and air pollution concentration distribution results. In the present embodiment, the air quality is the air quality at PM2.5 pollution.
S4: and carrying out comprehensive treatment according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameters corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group morphological layout, and outputting the optimal building group morphological layout strategy.
In this embodiment, a comprehensive process is performed according to the solar radiation intensity, the sunshine distribution in the building group area, and the air pollution concentration distribution result of the multiple newly built building groups in the obtained multiple sets of air quality data, and the comprehensive optimization result is expressed by the following formula:
OptS = a S1+ b S2+ c S3 (equation 2)
Wherein OptS is a comprehensive optimization result, and a, b and c are weight coefficients of S1, S2 and A3 respectively; s1, representing the solar radiation intensity of a newly-built building group; s2, representing the sunshine distribution of a building group area; s3 represents the air pollution concentration distribution.
And according to the minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking the minimum comprehensive optimization result as the optimal building group form layout, outputting the optimal building group form layout and the morphological parameters such as building density, building height, building volume density, frontal area index and the like, and taking the parameters as the optimal building group form scheme design strategy and outputting the strategy.
The invention obtains the concentration distribution of atmospheric particulates covering the urban range by combining satellite remote sensing and ground monitoring, and analyzes by combining the urban building form under the support of the data, so as to optimize and design the building group form. On one hand, the method can provide design basis for city planning and building design, and on the other hand, the method can provide reference for city atmospheric pollution treatment.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also provides an air quality driven building group form optimization design system, which is used for realizing the air quality driven building group form optimization design method; the system comprises an acquisition module, a data processing module, a data simulation module and a data output module, wherein,
the acquisition module is used for acquiring street building form data and street air quality environment data;
the data processing module is used for establishing a random forest model according to the collected street architectural form data and the street air quality environment data and establishing correlation characteristics of different architectural forms to the air quality;
the data simulation module is used for inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, performing all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
and the data output module is used for carrying out comprehensive processing according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group shape layout, and outputting the optimal building group shape design strategy.
It can be understood that the building group form optimization design system under air quality driving provided by the present invention corresponds to the building group form optimization design method under air quality driving provided by the foregoing embodiments, and the relevant technical features of the building group form optimization design system under air quality driving may refer to the relevant technical features of the building group form optimization design method under air quality driving, and are not described herein again.
In conclusion, the method can provide design basis for city planning and building design, and can evaluate the response of the building scheme to the air quality without learning environmental science and aerodynamic professional knowledge. On the other hand, the method can provide reference for urban atmospheric pollution treatment and can generate good social, economic and ecological benefits. The PM2.5 concentration monitoring of the whole city area can be realized by combining satellite-ground multi-source data, and on the basis, the correlation analysis of the block scale atmosphere PM2.5 concentration and the building form can be realized. In addition, the modeling method based on the random forest can effectively simulate the nonlinear relation between the PM2.5 concentration and the building form, and evaluate the effect of each three-dimensional building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration, so that the building form design is more accurately assisted.
The scope of the invention is not limited to the above examples, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A building group form optimization design method under the drive of air quality is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
collecting street building form data and street air quality environment data;
establishing a random forest model according to the collected street building form data and the street air quality environment data, and establishing correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality;
inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, performing all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
and performing comprehensive treatment according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group shape layout, and outputting the optimal building group shape layout strategy.
2. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the collecting of the street architectural shape data comprises:
acquiring 3D form contour data of urban building groups, and establishing an urban building form data platform; implementing the following steps on the urban building form data platform:
and acquiring vector data of urban surface buildings as a data source, and calculating three-dimensional morphological information of morphological parameters representing buildings based on square grids.
3. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein: collecting the neighborhood air quality environmental data comprises: acquiring urban meteorological observation station data and satellite remote sensing aerosol observation data, and establishing an air quality environment data platform; implementing the following steps on the platform for establishing the air quality environment data:
acquiring the optical thickness data of the small-scale aerosol of the geostationary satellite;
and performing urban full-coverage PM2.5 concentration inversion according to the acquired thickness data.
4. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the establishing of the correlation characteristics of different building forms to the air quality comprises the following steps:
and simulating a nonlinear relation between the PM2.5 concentration and the building form, and evaluating the effect of each building form factor in the regression with the PM2.5 concentration, which shows that different building forms have the effect of gathering or diffusing the air pollutants in the block.
5. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the evaluation of the role of each architectural morphology in regression with PM2.5 concentrations included:
the influence of the architectural shape on the PM2.5 concentration is expressed by the following formula, wherein the calculation method is as follows:
Figure FDA0003772304410000021
wherein f is a dependent function, xs is PM2.5 concentration, xc is a three-dimensional building form factor, and n is the number of the calculated three-dimensional building form factor regions.
6. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to an established random forest model, carrying out all-weather simulation on different building group models, and obtaining multiple groups of air quality data by combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality:
inputting new building group form parameter data of different schemes, establishing different building group scheme models of a block and performing all-weather simulation of different weather environments all the year around to obtain the solar radiation intensity of the new building group and the sunshine distribution result of the building group area, and obtaining a plurality of groups of air pollution concentration distribution results by utilizing the established random forest model.
7. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: and taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group morphological layout, wherein the corresponding morphological parameters comprise one or more of building density, building height, building volume density, windward area ratio, plot volume ratio and building height standard deviation.
8. The method for optimizing and designing the form of the building group driven by the air quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the synthesis treatment is obtained by the following formula,
OptS＝a*S1+b*S2+c*S3 (2)
wherein OptS is a comprehensive optimization result; a, b and c are weight coefficients of S1, S2 and A3 respectively; s1, representing the solar radiation intensity of a newly-built building group; s2, showing the sunshine distribution of a building group area; s3 represents the air pollution concentration distribution.
9. A building group form optimization design system driven by air quality is characterized in that: the method for realizing the optimal design of the building group shape under the drive of the air quality according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the system comprises: comprises an acquisition module, a data processing module, a data simulation module and a data output module, wherein,
the acquisition module is used for acquiring street building form data and street air quality environment data;
the data processing module is used for establishing a random forest model according to the collected street architectural form data and the street air quality environment data and establishing correlation characteristics of different architectural forms to the air quality;
the data simulation module is used for inputting morphological parameter data of a newly-built building group according to the established random forest model, carrying out all-weather simulation on different building group models, and combining correlation characteristics of different building forms on air quality to obtain a plurality of groups of air quality data;
and the data output module is used for carrying out comprehensive processing according to the obtained multiple groups of air quality data to obtain a minimum comprehensive optimization result, taking morphological parameter data corresponding to the minimum comprehensive optimization result as an optimal building group shape layout, and outputting the optimal building group shape design strategy.
CN202210905483.4A 2022-07-29 2022-07-29 Air quality driven building group form optimization design method and system Pending CN115329425A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116167148A (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-05-26 青岛理工大学 Urban neighborhood form optimization method and system based on local microclimate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116167148A (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-05-26 青岛理工大学 Urban neighborhood form optimization method and system based on local microclimate
CN116167148B (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-07-07 青岛理工大学 Urban neighborhood form optimization method and system based on local microclimate

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