CN115327630A - Acoustic logging correction method, apparatus, device, storage medium and program product - Google Patents
Acoustic logging correction method, apparatus, device, storage medium and program product Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/50—Corrections or adjustments related to wave propagation
- G01V2210/54—Borehole-related corrections
Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product for correcting acoustic logging, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and a sound wave speed curve of a plurality of logged wells in a target area, carrying out fitting operation according to the vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and the sound wave speed curve of the logged wells for each logged well to obtain fitting parameters corresponding to the logged wells, obtaining the fitting parameters of the vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and the sound wave speed curve of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the logged wells, correcting the sound wave speed curves of other wells except the logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area, realizing quantitative description of sound wave logging correction, making up the limitation of the existing correction technology to a certain extent, greatly improving the calibration precision and reliability of sound wave logging, improving the correction efficiency and reducing the exploration cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploration, in particular to a method, a device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product for correcting acoustic logging.
Background
At present, in the field of oil and gas exploration, due to the common influence of an instrument and underground complex geological conditions, certain errors often exist between a measured value and a true value of a sound wave time difference in a logging process of an open hole well, so that artificial synthesis recording based on sound wave logging and subsequent well seismic calibration work are influenced by different degrees, and some wrong conclusions can be obtained.
The existing correction method is a borehole compensation method, and the correction method mainly corrects measurement errors caused by borehole collapse. The method has certain limitations, and the efficiency and accuracy of acoustic logging correction still need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device, equipment, a storage medium and a program product for correcting acoustic logging, which are used for solving some limitations of the existing correction technology and improving the accuracy of acoustic logging correction.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sonic logging correction method, the method comprising:
acquiring logging speed curves and acoustic velocity curves of a plurality of vertical seismic profiles of a target area to be logged;
for each well to be measured, performing fitting operation according to the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile of the well to be measured and the acoustic velocity curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured;
obtaining fitting parameters of a logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve of a vertical seismic section of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logged wells;
and correcting the acoustic velocity curves of other wells except the multiple logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
Optionally, performing a fitting operation according to the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile of the log and the acoustic velocity curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the log, including:
establishing a regression function of a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve, wherein the regression function comprises fitting parameters;
and respectively selecting a plurality of points on the logging speed curve and the acoustic speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be logged, performing fitting operation according to the speed values corresponding to the selected points, and assigning values to the fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be logged.
Optionally, the regression function is
The convergence condition of the fitting operation is
Taking the minimum value;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the regression function corresponding to the well being logged, a 0 ，a 1 ，…，a n Representing the fitting parameter, x, of the well being logged i Represents the velocity value, y, corresponding to the i-th point on the sonic velocity curve i Representing the velocity value corresponding to the ith point on the logging velocity curve of the measured vertical seismic profile,
representing the calculated value of the fitting formula, xi representing the error value of a single well, n representing a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and p representing the selected points.
Optionally, obtaining fitting parameters of a vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and an acoustic velocity curve of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logged wells includes:
substituting the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple well logs into the following formula:
wherein, delta l Represents the overall error for the m logs under the ith set of fitting parameters,
representing the single well error xi calculated by the ith group of fitting parameters for the jth well to be measured j The minimum single well error of the best fitting parameter obtained by the jth measured well is shown, and m is shown as the number of the measured wells;
according to convergence conditions, selecting fitting parameters corresponding to the target area from the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple measured wells;
wherein the convergence condition is δ l And taking the minimum value.
Optionally, for each well to be measured, performing fitting operation according to the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile of the well to be measured and the acoustic velocity curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured, including:
establishing an interaction diagram of a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve of the target area, wherein the horizontal axis of the interaction diagram is acoustic wave logging speed, the vertical axis of the interaction diagram is vertical seismic profile logging speed, and the position of an interaction point in the interaction diagram is determined by the vertical seismic profile logging speed curves and the acoustic wave speed curves of a plurality of logs;
determining whether the concentration degree of each interactive point meets a preset condition or not according to the position of each interactive point in the interactive map;
and if so, performing fitting operation on each well to be measured according to the logging speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be measured and the acoustic wave speed curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured.
Optionally, correcting the acoustic velocity profile of the wells other than the plurality of measured wells in the target area comprises:
acquiring a sound wave velocity curve of a well to be analyzed in the target area;
determining a pseudo-vertical seismic profile logging speed curve corresponding to the well to be analyzed according to the acoustic wave speed curve of the well to be analyzed and the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area;
and carrying out well seismic calibration on the well to be analyzed according to the determined pseudo-vertical seismic profile logging speed curve.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a sonic logging correction apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a logging velocity curve and an acoustic velocity curve of a plurality of vertical seismic profiles of the multiple logs in a target area;
the first obtaining module is used for performing fitting operation on each well to be measured according to the logging speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be measured and the acoustic wave speed curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured;
the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the fitting parameters of the vertical seismic section logging speed curve and the acoustic wave speed curve of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logged wells;
and the correcting module is used for correcting the acoustic velocity curves of other wells except the multiple logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an acoustic logging correction apparatus comprising:
at least one processor and a memory;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the at least one processor executing the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory causes the at least one processor to perform the sonic logging correction method of any of the first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions for implementing the sonic logging correction method of any one of the first aspect when executed by a processor.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a sonic logging correction method as defined in any one of the first aspects.
The invention provides a sonic logging correction method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve of a plurality of logged vertical seismic profiles of a target area, carrying out fitting operation according to the logged vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and the logged acoustic wave speed curve for each logged well to obtain fitting parameters corresponding to the logged well, obtaining the fitting parameters of the vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and the acoustic wave speed curve of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the logged wells, and correcting the acoustic wave speed curves of other wells except the logged wells of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area, so that the internal rules hidden in the target area can be analyzed through a statistical means, the correction scheme of the target area is established according to the logged wells to realize quantitative description of acoustic wave logging correction, limitations of the existing correction technology are made up to a certain extent, calibration accuracy and reliability of acoustic wave logging are greatly improved, correction efficiency is improved, and exploration cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a sonic logging calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an interaction plot of the multi-well acoustic logging speed and the vertical seismic profile logging speed before correction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an interaction plot of corrected multi-well acoustic logging speed and vertical seismic profile logging speed provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a probability distribution graph of multi-well acoustic logging velocities and vertical seismic profile logging velocities prior to correction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a probability distribution graph of corrected multi-well sonic logging velocities and vertical seismic profile logging velocities provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6A is a superimposed graph of a pre-calibration sonic velocity profile and a vertical seismic section velocity profile provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6B is a superimposed graph of a corrected sonic velocity profile and a vertical seismic section velocity profile provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7A is a graph of the relationship between acoustic logging before calibration and vertical seismic profile logging depth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7B is a plot of corrected acoustic log depth versus vertical seismic profile log depth provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a comparison of a 2-well synthetic calibration profile for a region before and after calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a comparison of a 1 well synthetic calibration profile in a region before and after calibration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a chart of acoustic velocity correction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic logging correction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an acoustic logging correction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention, when performing oil and gas exploration on some complex blocks of an oil field, after determining the geological structure of a region through seismic exploration, a certain understanding needs to be performed on the oil-containing situation that is possibly logged in a formation. The logging operation is usually performed by using an acoustic logging technology, and data obtained by direct logging has certain errors, so that the logging result needs to be corrected.
In some techniques, borehole compensation may be used to correct the sonic velocity measurement, and this correction method is usually to correct the measurement error caused by borehole collapse. Specifically, a collapse index is obtained to describe the collapse degree of the borehole, and then the acoustic logging is compensated to a certain degree according to the collapse index. However, when the collapse is severe, this method is not applicable.
In other techniques, mud invasion is used to correct for acoustic moveout and to correct for formations that are more heavily invaded by drilling fluids. Specifically, a change index can be obtained by using the resistivity or other logging curves to describe the depth and the influence degree of the drilling fluid invading the undisturbed stratum, and then the acoustic wave time difference is corrected according to the change index. However, this method is limited and only one factor affecting mud invasion is considered.
In some integrated techniques, the two correction methods may be combined together while correcting for acoustic moveout using a collapse index and a change index. However, these methods only consider and quantify the effects of borehole collapse and mud invasion on sonic logging. Therefore, these methods are not suitable for some composite basins.
In some complex blocks, because the error of acoustic logging is large, the conventional correction method cannot meet the requirements, and the well-seismic calibration work is usually completed by using vertical seismic profile logging with higher reliability, so that the exploration cost is increased to a great extent, in order to solve the problem of correction of acoustic moveout under abnormal complex geological conditions and eliminate the comprehensive influence of various influence factors on the acoustic logging as much as possible, the embodiment of the invention provides an acoustic logging correction method.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a sonic logging correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method according to the embodiment may include:
Alternatively, the target area may be an area where a plurality of logs to be processed are located, and the locations of the plurality of logs may have the same or similar geological conditions without having too large a span laterally. In particular, the target region may comprise regions that are in the same secondary building block. Wherein the secondary construction unit is a construction band consisting of a series of similar single constructions in the basin.
In this embodiment, a plurality of wells in a target area are selected as wells to be measured, and two velocity curves corresponding to the plurality of wells are obtained according to a Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) logging and acoustic wave logging technology, where one is a velocity curve based on the vertical Seismic Profile logging, and the other is an acoustic velocity curve calculated based on the acoustic wave logging.
The horizontal axis of the velocity curve graph based on vertical seismic profile logging and the horizontal axis of the sound wave velocity curve graph are both well depth, and the vertical axis is velocity.
Optionally, the acoustic velocity profile is calculated based on the acoustic moveout profile. The acoustic time difference speed and the acoustic logging speed are reciprocal.
The acoustic time difference curve may also be referred to as an acoustic curve and an acoustic logging curve, and is a curve obtained from the measured acoustic time difference speed during acoustic logging.
And 202, for each well to be measured, performing fitting operation according to the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be measured and the acoustic velocity curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured.
Optionally, the vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve may be fitted to each well based on a least square method to obtain a fitting parameter of each well, so as to obtain a regression function of each well.
And 203, obtaining fitting parameters of a vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and an acoustic velocity curve of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logged wells.
Optionally, according to the obtained fitting parameters of the multiple measured wells, a suitable fitting parameter may be selected as the fitting parameter of the target region.
And 204, correcting the acoustic velocity curves of the other wells except the multiple logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
Optionally, after obtaining the fitting parameter corresponding to the target region, a correction formula corresponding to the target region may be obtained. According to the obtained correction formula, acoustic logging correction can be carried out on other wells in the target area, acoustic velocity curves of other wells are obtained by using acoustic logging, and the acoustic velocity is brought into the correction formula, so that the acoustic velocity curves of other wells can be corrected.
Specifically, after calculating the fitting parameters of a certain target region, the correction function of the region can be obtained. And selecting other wells except the multiple measured wells in the target area, carrying out acoustic logging on the other wells to obtain acoustic velocity curves of the other wells, and correcting the acoustic velocity curves by using a correction function to obtain corrected acoustic velocity curves.
In the embodiment of the invention, for each well to be measured, fitting operation is carried out according to the vertical seismic profile well-logging speed curve and the acoustic wave speed curve of the well to be measured by obtaining the well-logging speed curve and the acoustic wave speed curve of a plurality of well to be measured in a target area, fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be measured are obtained, fitting parameters of the vertical seismic profile well-logging speed curve and the acoustic wave speed curve of the target area are obtained according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the plurality of well to be measured, and the acoustic wave speed curves of other wells except the plurality of well to be measured in the target area are corrected according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area, so that the internal rule hidden in the target area can be analyzed through a statistical means, a correction scheme of the target area is established according to the plurality of well to be measured, the quantitative description of acoustic wave well-logging correction is realized, the limitation of the existing correction technology is made up to a certain extent, the calibration precision and reliability of the acoustic wave well logging are greatly improved, the correction efficiency is improved, and the exploration cost is reduced.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, optionally, performing a fitting operation according to the vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the log to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the log, includes:
establishing a regression function of a vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and a sound wave velocity curve, wherein the regression function comprises fitting parameters; and respectively selecting a plurality of points on the logging speed curve and the acoustic speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be logged, and carrying out fitting operation according to the speed value corresponding to the selected point to assign values to the fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be logged.
And aiming at the logging velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile corresponding to the logged well, establishing a regression function of the two curves corresponding to the logged well, wherein the regression function comprises fitting parameters.
Specifically, for a certain well to be logged, the speed values corresponding to the two curves of the well to be logged can be selected according to different depths, the speed values of different depths are selected, and the speed values are fitted to obtain the fitting parameters of the well to be logged.
Optionally, the velocity values on the two velocity curves of each measured well may be traversed to perform fitting, so as to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to each measured well, thereby obtaining multiple fitting parameters.
In this embodiment, the fitting parameters of each measured well are obtained by fitting the speed on the two curves of each measured well, the error of sonic logging in the target area is quantified, and a new thought is provided for the correction method of sonic logging.
Optionally, the regression function is
The convergence condition of the fitting operation is
Taking the minimum value; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the regression function corresponding to the well being logged, a 0 ，a 1 ，…，a n Representing the fitting parameter, x, of the well being logged i The velocity value, y, corresponding to the i-th point on the acoustic velocity curve i Representing the velocity value corresponding to the ith point on the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile,
for the fitting formula calculation, ξ represents the individual well error value, n represents a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and p represents the selected point number.
Wherein, the depth of the point corresponding to the same serial number on the two curves is the same. For example, when the velocity values on two velocity curves of a certain well to be logged are selected, the velocity values corresponding to the depth where i =3 are selected on the two velocity curves, for example, the depth is 200m when i =3, and the velocity values corresponding to the same depth for the two velocity curves are selected as 3400m/s and 4500m/s, respectively. When the speed values corresponding to 50 depths are selected, two speed curves of the well to be measured can be fitted.
And solving the fitting parameters corresponding to each well according to the established regression function of the two curves corresponding to each well. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
this can be found according to the following expression:
wherein m represents the number of the logging wells, and n represents a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
Alternatively, when n =2, a regression function may be obtained as
The relationship between the acoustic velocity profile and the vertical seismic profile log velocity profile for most wells is summarized by a quadratic regression function.
When the convergence condition takes the minimum value, a fitting parameter j set which can minimize the fitting error of each logging object can be obtained. The number of the tested wells and the number of the fitting parameters can be the same.
In the embodiment, geological factors such as formation fluid properties, wellbore temperature and pressure conditions, pore cracks and the like which have obvious influence on the sound wave time difference measurement but are difficult to quantify are effectively comprehensively considered, and the fitting parameters of each well are obtained, so that the single-well characteristics of each well are reserved.
Optionally, obtaining the fitting parameters of the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile of the target area and the acoustic velocity curve according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple measured wells includes:
substituting the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple well logs into the following formula:
wherein, delta l Represents the overall error for the m logs under the ith set of fitting parameters,
the jth well logging is calculated by representing the ith group of fitting parametersError per well, ξ j The minimum single well error of the best fitting parameter obtained by the jth well to be measured is shown, and m is shown as the number of the well to be measured; according to a convergence condition, selecting a fitting parameter corresponding to the target area from fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple measured wells; wherein the convergence condition is δ l Taking the minimum value.
Fitting parameters corresponding to each well can be sequentially substituted into the formula (3) to obtain the error delta of each well under the formula l By finding the minimum error delta l And obtaining the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
In the embodiment, the fitting parameters of the target area are found through a substitution method, so that the found fitting parameters better accord with the geological characteristics of the target area, the correction of acoustic logging is fitted, acoustic logging curves with consistent logging speeds of the vertical seismic profile are obtained, and the calibration precision and reliability of the acoustic logging are greatly improved. On the basis, a correction formula of a multi-target area can be established, the logging times of the vertical seismic section are reduced to the maximum extent, and the exploration cost is reduced.
Optionally, for each well to be measured, performing fitting operation according to the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile of the well to be measured and the acoustic velocity curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured, including:
establishing an interaction diagram of a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve of the target area, wherein the horizontal axis of the interaction diagram is acoustic wave logging speed, the vertical axis of the interaction diagram is vertical seismic profile logging speed, and the position of an interaction point in the interaction diagram is determined by the vertical seismic profile logging speed curves and the acoustic wave speed curves of a plurality of logs; determining whether the concentration degree of each interactive point meets a preset condition or not according to the position of each interactive point in the interactive map; and if so, performing fitting operation on each well to be measured according to the vertical seismic profile well logging speed curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the well to be measured to obtain fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be measured.
According to a logging velocity curve and an acoustic velocity curve of a vertical seismic section corresponding to logging in a target area, jason software is used for making an interactive graph of the two curves, and whether the position of an interactive point on the interactive graph meets a preset condition or not is judged, wherein the preset condition can be set according to an actual situation. Specifically, a straight line with y = x is drawn on an interactive graph with a horizontal axis as the acoustic logging speed and a vertical axis as the logging speed of the vertical seismic section, a plane is drawn into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is set as a first area, the lower part is set as a second area, when the percentage of the total number of the interaction points of the target area in the first area on the interactive graph exceeds a preset threshold value, the value of the acoustic velocity of the area greater than the logging speed of the vertical seismic section is determined to be associated, the condition that the logging of the target area is met is obtained, a correction function of the target area can be constructed, and two curves are fitted to obtain corresponding fitting parameters.
FIG. 3 is an interaction plot of the multi-borehole acoustic logging speed and the vertical seismic profile logging speed before correction according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis of the interaction plot represents acoustic velocity in m/s and the vertical axis represents vertical seismic profile log velocity in m/s. A straight line with y = x divides the interaction diagram into two parts, denoted first and second region, respectively, wherein the first region is denoted VSP velocity > sonic velocity, meaning that the vertical seismic profile logging velocity of the interaction point of the region is greater than the sonic logging velocity. The second region is denoted as VSP velocity < sonic velocity, meaning that the interaction point at the quadrant is less than the sonic logging velocity perpendicular to the seismic profile. When the interaction points of the first region in the interaction map account for a certain percentage of the total interaction points, the interaction points are relatively concentrated on the upper side of the y = x curve, the proportion of interaction points, in the interaction points of the target region to be logged, of which the interaction points the logging speed of the vertical seismic profile is higher than the logging speed of the acoustic wave is larger can be obtained, the interaction points and the interaction points have an incidence relation, and curve fitting can be performed on each well of the target region to obtain fitting parameters.
Specifically, a percentage of eighty percent may be set, and a further curve fit may be performed when the interaction points of the first area account for eighty percent of the total interaction points.
Because the acoustic logging is influenced by a large number of factors, the acoustic velocity obtained is generally lower than the logging velocity of the seismic profile with a small number of factors. Therefore, when the interaction point of the acoustic logging speed is smaller than the logging speed of the seismic profile by a certain percentage, the speed curves of the acoustic logging speed and the seismic profile meet a certain relation, and further correction can be carried out.
In this embodiment, the acoustic logging speed of the logged well and the logging speed of the vertical seismic profile are subjected to interactive analysis, the position relationship of the interactive points on the interactive map is judged, the logged well in the target area meets the statistical basis, and the subsequent correction work is feasible.
Optionally, correcting the acoustic velocity profile of the wells other than the plurality of measured wells in the target area comprises:
acquiring a sound wave velocity curve of a well to be analyzed in the target area; determining a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve corresponding to the well to be analyzed according to the acoustic wave speed curve of the well to be analyzed and the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area; and carrying out well-to-well seismic calibration on the well to be analyzed according to the determined vertical seismic profile logging speed curve.
And obtaining a correction function of the target area according to the obtained fitting parameters corresponding to the target area. Other wells in the target area to be analyzed may be corrected by a correction function. And obtaining the acoustic wave time difference velocity of the well to be analyzed by using acoustic logging, obtaining the acoustic wave velocity according to the acoustic wave time difference velocity, and substituting the acoustic wave velocity into a correction function to obtain a corrected acoustic wave velocity curve, namely a fitted quasi-vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve of the well to be analyzed. The corrected log velocity curve of the quasi-vertical seismic profile can be applied to well seismic calibration work.
In the embodiment, the acoustic logging data are corrected and compensated by calculating the fitting parameters of the target area, so that the logging cost of the vertical seismic profile logging speed curve of the complex block is saved, and the limitations and the defects of the existing correction means are made up to a certain extent.
FIG. 4 is an interaction plot of corrected multi-well sonic logging velocities and vertical seismic profile logging velocities provided by an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, according to the analysis of the interaction diagram in fig. 3, the interaction points on the interaction diagram in the target area satisfy the preset conditions, and the well logging in the target area can be fitted to obtain the fitting parameters of the target area, so as to obtain the correction formula of f (x) =6.16 × 10 -5 x 2 +0.38x+1548. By correcting the sound wave velocity in fig. 3, it can be obtained that the interaction points are evenly distributed on both sides of the y = x curve. When the interaction points are uniformly distributed on two sides of the y = x curve, the difference between the corrected acoustic velocity and the logging velocity of the vertical seismic profile is small, the corrected acoustic velocity can be equal to the logging velocity of the vertical seismic profile, and the correction formula has certain feasibility.
FIG. 5A is a probability distribution graph of multi-well sonic logging velocities before correction and vertical seismic profile logging velocities provided by an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5A, the relationship between the sonic velocity and the seismic profile logging velocity is shown in a stereo manner, and before correction, the data points in the graph are more concentrated in the right half of the graph, the VSP velocity > sonic velocity can be obtained in the second region on the right side of the graph, and the VSP velocity < sonic velocity is obtained in the first region on the left side. Obviously, the data points of the target area to be measured are relatively concentrated and not dispersed on the right half part of the perspective view. Therefore, when the preset condition is met, curve fitting can be performed to obtain the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
FIG. 5B is a probability distribution diagram of corrected multi-well sonic logging velocities and vertical seismic profile logging velocities provided by embodiments of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5B, the target region is corrected, so that the data points in the corrected image are distributed to the middle part, which is equivalent to that the two speeds are substantially equal. As can be seen from comparison with fig. 5A, the number of samples in the corrected probability distribution map has a significant variation, and the position comparison is concentrated between the first region and the second region.
In an implementation example, when a layer is calibrated on a certain western stratum, the fact that a synthetic record made by using acoustic logging is not matched with seismic data is found, the error is large, and the calibration work cannot be met. When the acoustic logging data is used for comparing the vertical seismic profile logging data, the speed baselines of the two are obviously separated, the time-depth relation is compared, the slope of the depth relation is larger when the vertical seismic profile logging data is vertical, the two are obviously separated at the bottom, and the difference of the calibration results is larger, so that the problem that the calibration is carried out by only using the acoustic logging data is larger.
When calibration errors are comprehensively analyzed, complex geological conditions and strata are found to be important factors causing errors in acoustic wave measurement, the influence factors are comprehensive, common correction methods usually correct single influence factors, and therefore the correction principle cannot meet requirements, and a new correction method needs to be constructed. Under the condition of the embodiment of the invention, the vertical seismic profile and the acoustic logging of all wells of the construction unit A are subjected to statistical analysis, and under the statistics of big data and multiple samples, the acoustic logging speeds of all wells are found to be smaller than the logging speed of the vertical seismic profile, and the sample points are distributed and concentrated, so that the basic conditions of the invention are met, and the feasibility verification is passed. And fitting and solving all wells in the area of the construction unit A to obtain a correction formula of the area. And then carrying out acoustic logging correction on all wells in the region. And verifying to obtain the baseline height coincidence of the corrected logging velocity curve and the vertical seismic profile velocity curve, wherein the corrected sample points are obviously transferred between the first area and the second area in distribution, and the distribution density is relatively uniform.
FIG. 6A is a stacked plot of acoustic velocity profile before correction and vertical seismic section velocity profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6A, before the calibration, the seismic section velocities of the three logs are more right than the acoustic velocity in the time-depth curve, which indicates that the seismic section velocity is more large and the acoustic velocity is less.
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of a rectified sonic velocity profile superimposed on a vertical seismic section velocity profile according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6B, after the correction, the seismic profile velocities and acoustic velocities of the three logs substantially coincide as seen on the time-depth curve. The acoustic velocity curve obtained according to the correction formula is a well-fitted vertical seismic profile curve.
Fig. 7A is a relationship diagram of a depth curve during logging before correction and vertical seismic profile logging provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7A, the difference between the time-depth curves of three measured wells in a 2-well area, a 101-well area and a 3-well area from the top to the bottom is obviously increased, and since the logging speed of a vertical seismic section is faster and shorter than the logging speed of sound waves when the three measured wells pass through rock strata with the same depth, the difference between the bottoms is increased along with the accumulation of the depths. Wherein, the time-depth relation curve represents the relation of converting the speed curve into time and depth.
Fig. 7B is a relationship diagram of the corrected acoustic log and the depth-in-time curve of the vertical seismic profile log according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7B, when the acoustic velocity and the vertical seismic profile logging velocity are approximately equal after the zone 2 wells, the zone 101 wells and the zone 3 wells are calibrated, the time and depth contrast between the two is the same, and therefore, the acoustic time-depth curve and the vertical seismic profile logging time-depth curve have a high degree of coincidence.
Fig. 8 is a comparison of 2-well comprehensive calibration profiles of a certain area before and after calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the corrected synthetic record is shorter than the synthetic record before correction, the wave group characteristics, the wave group relation of the whole well section and the seismic profile of the synthetic record manufactured after correction are well matched, when the corrected velocity curve is used for calibration, the calibration effect is better, and the calibration accuracy and the reliability are greatly improved.
FIG. 9 is a comparison of a 1-well synthetic calibration profile in a region before and after calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the corrected synthetic record is shorter than the synthetic record before correction, the wave group characteristics, the wave group relationship of the whole well section and the seismic profile of the synthetic record manufactured after correction are well matched, when the corrected velocity curve is used for calibration, the calibration effect is better, and the calibration accuracy and the reliability are greatly improved.
FIG. 10 is a chart of acoustic velocity correction provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, according to the calibration method provided by the present invention, calibration charts can be created for the construction unit a, the construction unit B, and the construction unit C, and a calibration function for each region can be obtained. The correction function may be used to correct the sonic velocity profile of the relevant region.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic logging calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 of the present embodiment is a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic logging correction apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the apparatus may include: the device comprises an acquisition module 1101, a first obtaining module 1102, a second obtaining module 1103 and a correction module 1104.
An obtaining module 1101, configured to obtain a logging velocity curve of a vertical seismic profile and a logging velocity curve of a plurality of logs of a target area;
a first obtaining module 1102, configured to perform, for each measured well, fitting operation according to a logging velocity curve of a vertical seismic profile of the measured well and an acoustic velocity curve, to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the measured well;
a second obtaining module 1103, configured to obtain, according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logs, the fitting parameters of the vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the target area;
and the correcting module 1104 is used for correcting the acoustic velocity curves of the wells except the multiple logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
Optionally, the first obtaining module 1102 is specifically configured to, when performing fitting operation according to the vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the measured well to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the measured well:
establishing a regression function of a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve, wherein the regression function comprises fitting parameters;
and respectively selecting a plurality of points on the logging speed curve and the acoustic speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be logged, and carrying out fitting operation according to the speed value corresponding to the selected point to assign values to the fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be logged.
Optionally, the regression function is
The convergence condition of the fitting operation is
Taking the minimum value;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the regression function corresponding to the well being logged, a 0 ，a 1 ，…，a n Representing the fitting parameter, x, of the well being logged i Representing the velocity value, y, corresponding to the i-th point on the acoustic velocity curve i Representing the velocity value corresponding to the ith point on the vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve,
representing the calculated value of the fitting formula, xi representing the error value of a single well, n representing a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and p representing the selected points.
Optionally, the second obtaining module 1103 is specifically configured to:
fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple measured wells are substituted into the following formula:
wherein, delta l Represents the overall error for the m logs under the ith set of fitting parameters,
representing the single well error, xi, calculated by the ith group of fitting parameters for the jth well log j The minimum single well error of the best fitting parameter obtained by the jth measured well is shown, and m is shown as the number of the measured wells;
according to a convergence condition, selecting a fitting parameter corresponding to the target area from fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple measured wells;
wherein the convergence condition is δ l Taking the minimum value.
Optionally, the first obtaining module 1102 is specifically configured to:
establishing an interaction diagram of a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve of the target area, wherein the horizontal axis of the interaction diagram is acoustic wave logging speed, the vertical axis of the interaction diagram is vertical seismic profile logging speed, and the position of an interaction point in the interaction diagram is determined by the vertical seismic profile logging speed curves and the acoustic wave speed curves of a plurality of logs;
determining whether the concentration degree of each interactive point meets a preset condition or not according to the position of each interactive point in the interactive map;
and if so, performing fitting operation on each well to be measured according to the vertical seismic profile well logging speed curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the well to be measured to obtain fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be measured.
Optionally, when the correcting module 1104 corrects the acoustic velocity curves of the wells other than the multiple logs in the target area, it is specifically configured to:
acquiring a sonic velocity curve of a well to be analyzed in the target area;
determining a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve corresponding to the well to be analyzed according to the acoustic wave speed curve of the well to be analyzed and the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area;
and carrying out well-to-well seismic calibration on the well to be analyzed according to the determined vertical seismic profile logging speed curve.
The sonic logging correction device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the sonic logging correction method of the embodiment shown in fig. 1-10, and the realization principle and technical effect are similar, and are not described again here.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic logging calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 12, the apparatus provided in this embodiment may include: at least one processor 121 and memory 122;
the memory 122 stores computer-executable instructions;
the at least one processor 121 executes the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory 122 to cause the at least one processor 121 to perform the method of any of the embodiments described above.
Wherein the memory 122 and the processor 121 may be connected by a bus 123.
For specific implementation principles and effects of the device provided in this embodiment, reference may be made to relevant descriptions and effects corresponding to the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 10, which are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when being executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions are used for realizing the sonic logging correction method in any embodiment of the invention.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for correcting acoustic logging according to any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of modules is merely a logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to implement the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one unit. The unit formed by the modules can be realized in a hardware form, and can also be realized in a form of hardware and a software functional unit.
The integrated module implemented in the form of a software functional module may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The software functional module is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) or a processor to execute some steps of the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that the Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the present invention may be embodied directly in a hardware processor, or in a combination of hardware and software modules.
The memory may comprise a high speed RAM memory, and may further comprise a non-volatile storage NVM, such as at least one magnetic disk memory, and may also be a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, or the like.
The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses in the figures of the present invention are not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.
The storage medium may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile memory devices, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disks. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in an electronic device or host device.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of acoustic logging correction, comprising:
acquiring a logging speed curve and a sound wave speed curve of a plurality of vertical seismic profiles of a target area to be logged;
for each well to be measured, performing fitting operation according to the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile of the well to be measured and the acoustic velocity curve to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured;
obtaining fitting parameters of a vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and a sound wave velocity curve of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logged wells;
and correcting the acoustic velocity curves of other wells except the multiple logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein performing a fitting operation according to the vertical seismic profile log velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the well to be logged to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be logged comprises:
establishing a regression function of a vertical seismic profile logging velocity curve and a sound wave velocity curve, wherein the regression function comprises fitting parameters;
and respectively selecting a plurality of points on the logging speed curve and the acoustic speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the well to be logged, and carrying out fitting operation according to the speed value corresponding to the selected point to assign values to the fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be logged.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the regression function is:
the convergence condition of the fitting operation is
Taking the minimum value;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
regression function representing the well being logged, a 0 ，a 1 ，…，a n Representing the fitting parameter, x, of the well being logged i Represents the velocity value, y, corresponding to the i-th point on the sonic velocity curve i Representing the velocity value corresponding to the ith point on the logging velocity curve of the vertical seismic profile,
representing a fitting formula calculation value, ξ representing a single well error value, n being a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and p representing the selected points.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the fitted parameters of the vertical seismic profile log velocity curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the target area according to the fitted parameters corresponding to a plurality of the logs comprises:
substituting the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple well logs into the following formula:
wherein, delta l Represents the overall error, ξ, of the m logs under the ith set of fitting parameters lj Represents the single well error, ξ, calculated from the ith set of fitting parameters for the jth well log j Representing the minimum single well error of the best fitting parameter obtained by the jth measured well, wherein m is the number of the measured wells;
according to a convergence condition, selecting a fitting parameter corresponding to the target area from fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple measured wells;
wherein the convergence condition is δ l And taking the minimum value.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein for each log, performing a fitting operation according to the log velocity profile of the vertical seismic profile of the log and the acoustic velocity profile to obtain a corresponding fitting parameter of the log, comprises:
establishing an interaction diagram of a vertical seismic profile logging speed curve and an acoustic wave speed curve of the target area, wherein the horizontal axis of the interaction diagram is acoustic logging speed, the vertical axis of the interaction diagram is vertical seismic profile logging speed, and the position of an interaction point in the interaction diagram is determined by the vertical seismic profile logging speed curves of a plurality of logged wells and the acoustic wave speed curve;
determining whether the concentration degree of each interactive point meets a preset condition or not according to the position of each interactive point in the interactive map;
and if so, performing fitting operation on each well to be measured according to the vertical seismic profile well logging speed curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the well to be measured to obtain fitting parameters corresponding to the well to be measured.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein correcting the acoustic velocity profile of the target region for wells other than the plurality of logs comprises:
acquiring a sonic velocity curve of a well to be analyzed in the target area;
determining a pseudo-vertical seismic profile logging speed curve corresponding to the well to be analyzed according to the acoustic wave speed curve of the well to be analyzed and the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area;
and carrying out well seismic calibration on the well to be analyzed according to the determined pseudo-vertical seismic profile logging speed curve.
7. An acoustic logging while correcting device, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a logging velocity curve and an acoustic velocity curve of a plurality of vertical seismic profiles of the multiple logs in a target area;
the first obtaining module is used for performing fitting operation on each well to be measured according to the vertical seismic profile well logging speed curve and the acoustic velocity curve of the well to be measured to obtain a fitting parameter corresponding to the well to be measured;
the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the fitting parameters of the logging speed curve and the acoustic wave speed curve of the vertical seismic section of the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the multiple logged wells;
and the correcting module is used for correcting the acoustic velocity curves of other wells except the multiple logged wells in the target area according to the fitting parameters corresponding to the target area.
8. An acoustic logging correction apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor and a memory;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the at least one processor executing the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory cause the at least one processor to perform the sonic logging correction method of any of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processor, are configured to implement the sonic logging correction method of any of claims 1-6.
10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the sonic logging correction method of any one of claims 1-6.
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