CN115327369A - On-line monitoring and analyzing system for opening and closing current of switch cabinet circuit breaker - Google Patents
On-line monitoring and analyzing system for opening and closing current of switch cabinet circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN115327369A CN115327369A CN202211109982.9A CN202211109982A CN115327369A CN 115327369 A CN115327369 A CN 115327369A CN 202211109982 A CN202211109982 A CN 202211109982A CN 115327369 A CN115327369 A CN 115327369A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/202—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using Hall-effect devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment protection, and discloses an on-line monitoring and analyzing system for opening and closing current of a circuit breaker of a switch cabinet, which comprises a current collecting unit for collecting opening and closing current signals, a current data storage unit for storing opening and closing real-time state current data and opening and closing current historical data collected by the current collecting unit, a current characteristic analyzing unit for analyzing and processing the opening and closing real-time state current data and a current fault early warning unit for early warning the load margin of opening and closing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment protection, in particular to an on-line monitoring and analyzing system for opening and closing current of a switch cabinet breaker.
Background
The switch cabinet circuit breaker is the most important protection device in the power equipment, and bears the work of switching on and off the normal current
The switch cabinet circuit breaker can be completed by detecting various mechanical parameters, wherein the current signal of the opening and closing coil is one of important parameters, the current of the coil is changed along with time in each opening and closing process of the switch equipment, the abnormal condition of the circuit breaker can be judged by monitoring and analyzing the current waveform of the opening and closing coil, the existing switch cabinet circuit breaker opening and closing current monitoring implementation system is that a sensor is arranged at the opening and closing coil corresponding to each switch cabinet circuit breaker to collect the current signal, then the waveform information of each unit switch cabinet circuit breaker opening and closing monitoring device is collected, a characteristic information base of the opening and closing coil current is established, then the comparison analysis and calculation is carried out with the actually detected opening and closing coil current signal, the working states of the opening and closing coil of the switch can be judged according to the time delay and amplitude characteristics of the opening and closing current waveform and the smoothness of the control power supply voltage waveform, and meanwhile, some fault trends of the switch operation loop can be predicted by combining the data of the mechanical characteristic parameters of the switch, the contact temperature and the like
The abnormal defect of the switching action characteristic is discovered in the time, the expansion of the defect of the equipment is prevented from causing system faults, but the equipment runs under the influence of multiple factors, fault occurrence mechanisms are different, although the existing monitoring system can predict the switching-on and switching-off fault trend of a circuit breaker of a switch cabinet, the fault reason of the switching-on and switching-off cannot be judged, certain difficulty is brought to the maintenance of the circuit breaker, and therefore, how to obtain the switching-on and switching-off fault reason through monitoring the switching-on and switching-off current signal analysis has important significance for improving the maintenance efficiency of the power equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring and analyzing system for opening and closing current of a switch cabinet breaker, which can be used for obtaining the operation margin of an opening and closing device by combining opening and closing fault historical data and opening and closing real-time current data and dividing a data signal into fundamental waves and harmonic waves by utilizing opening and closing operation frequency and analyzing and processing the fundamental waves, can be used for effectively predicting the trend of opening and closing faults by utilizing the convergence of a oscillogram of the harmonic waves, and can be used for predicting the reason of the opening and closing faults by comparing and analyzing the similarity of the historical fault waveforms and the real-time current waveforms so as to effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet comprises a current collecting unit, a current data storage unit, a current characteristic analyzing unit and a current fault early warning unit, wherein the current collecting unit is used for collecting opening and closing current signals of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet, the current data storage unit is used for storing opening and closing real-time state current data and opening and closing current historical data collected by the current collecting unit, the current characteristic analyzing unit comprises a current historical data storage unit and a current real-time data storage unit, the current characteristic analyzing unit is used for analyzing and processing the opening and closing real-time state current data, the current characteristic analyzing unit comprises a fundamental wave analyzing unit and a harmonic wave analyzing unit, the fundamental wave analyzing unit is used for processing fundamental wave change trends in the opening and closing operation process, the harmonic wave analyzing unit is used for processing harmonic wave change trends in the opening and closing operation process, the harmonic wave analyzing unit comprises an abnormal value eliminating module for eliminating bad data and a harmonic wave abnormal condition diagnosing module for evaluating the abnormal condition, and the current data processing result of the current characteristic analyzing unit is used for early warning the load margin of the opening and closing.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the current acquisition unit selects a Hall current sensor to acquire the working current of the opening and closing coil, so that a current signal can be timely captured under the condition that the current change speed is too fast when the opening and closing coil works, and the accuracy of data is improved.
As a still further scheme of the invention: based on the current signals collected by the current acquisition unit, the current data storage unit can convert switching-on and switching-off current signals into a time-current change curve graph, the current historical data storage unit comprises switching-on and switching-off current fault waveform graphs which have occurred in the past, the waveform graphs are classified according to fault types, mechanical faults and electrical faults can be divided according to fault reasons, switching-off rejection, switching-on rejection and wrong switching-on/switching-off can be divided according to fault results, the fault waveform graphs can be inquired and called in time during data processing through multi-dimensional classification of the switching-on and switching-off current fault waveform graphs for comparison, the current real-time data storage unit draws a time-current change graph based on the real-time switching-on and switching-off current signals, meanwhile, real-time current signal data are preprocessed, noise reduction is mainly performed on the real-time-current change graph, the time-current change graph is converted into the time-current change curve graph required by data processing, noise interference of equipment operation on data collected by a sensor is eliminated, and influence of noise on data accuracy is reduced.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the current characteristic analysis unit takes the operating frequency of opening and closing as a reference, can separate fundamental waves and harmonic waves in current data stored in the current real-time data storage unit, analyzes and processes the fundamental waves and the harmonic waves in the current respectively, comprises a fundamental wave analysis unit and a harmonic wave analysis unit, is influenced by the operating frequency of equipment, has deviation between the fundamental waves extracted by the current characteristic analysis unit and the actual operating fundamental waves, and corrects the extracted fundamental waves by the fundamental wave analysis unit, and the ideal operating frequency of scoring and closing is f 0 Then the fundamental wave equation is X （t） =A 1 sin［2π（ f 1 ／ f 0 ）t +φ 1 ］，A 1 、 f 1 、φ 1 Respectively, the amplitude (V), frequency (Hz) and initial phase (degree), t is sampling time, simultaneously, the difference between instantaneous output voltage and instantaneous input current and between instantaneous input voltage and instantaneous output current are utilized, the fundamental wave is corrected according to the numerical relation between instantaneous value and fundamental wave peak value, and the fundamental wave corrected by the fundamental wave analysis unit can be more closely attachedAnd the switching-on and switching-off real current is approximate.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the abnormal value eliminating module is used for processing numerical values with obvious abnormal conditions, the harmonic signal data points are recorded as I (t), t is a certain moment on the harmonic, N data points I (t) are regarded as a sample set, the sample mean value I (t) can be solved by using a mean value solving formula, the sample mean value I (t) is taken as a reference, extreme value points are judged according to the formula [ I (t) - [ I (t) ]/[ I (t) ] epsilon, epsilon is a range margin, the numerical value of epsilon can be selected according to the operation condition of the opening and closing current, the abnormal values are eliminated, the stable change of the harmonic waves can be guaranteed, and the harmonic waves can be more fit with the normal use condition of the opening and closing current.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the harmonic wave abnormity diagnosis module is used for evaluating harmonic wave abnormity, points on a harmonic wave change curve are recorded to form a point array { Pn } by utilizing convergence of a harmonic wave function, and the coordinate of any point P on the harmonic wave change curve is (a) n ，b n ) Setting the coordinate of the next predicted point M as (a, b) according to the variation of the ideal curve, and determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M by using a formula, i.e. determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M
=M，
=a，
And = b, if the point row { Pn } converges to the predicted point M, the switching-closing current is in the normal condition range, and if the point row { Pn } does not converge to the predicted point M, the switching-closing current is in the abnormal alarm range.
As a still further scheme of the invention: based on the harmonic abnormality diagnosis result of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module, the current fault early warning unit gives an alarm prompt, the current fault early warning unit extracts the opening and closing fault current harmonic wave form diagram in the current historical data storage unit, compares the abnormal form diagram obtained by analysis of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module with the historical fault form diagram, and arranges the historical fault form diagram according to the similarity by taking the degree of coincidence of the form diagram and the point columns on the form diagram as a judgment basis, so that the reason of the opening and closing fault can be detected.
As a further scheme of the invention, the on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet comprises the following analyzing steps:
the method comprises the following steps: current signal data acquisition link has current acquisition unit collection cubical switchboard circuit breaker divide-shut brake current signal, current acquisition unit chooses hall current sensor collection divide-shut brake coil operating current for use, guarantees to catch current signal in time under the too fast condition of current change speed at divide-shut brake coil during operation, has improved the accuracy of data.
Step two: the current signal data preprocessing link is characterized in that a current real-time data storage unit is used for drawing a time-current change diagram based on real-time opening and closing current signals, meanwhile, the current real-time data storage unit is used for preprocessing the real-time current signal data, noise reduction processing is mainly carried out on the real-time-current change diagram, the time-current change diagram is converted into a time-current change curve diagram required by data processing, noise interference of equipment operation on data collected by a sensor is eliminated, and the influence of noise on data accuracy is reduced.
Step three: in the current signal frequency wave processing link, the current characteristic analysis unit can separate fundamental waves and harmonic waves in current data stored in the current real-time data storage unit by taking the operating frequency of switching on and off as a reference, and respectively analyze and process the fundamental waves and the harmonic waves in the current, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 31: under the influence of the operating frequency of the equipment, the fundamental wave extracted by the current characteristic analysis unit has deviation with the real operating fundamental wave, the fundamental wave analysis unit corrects the extracted fundamental wave, and the ideal operating frequency of the scoring and closing is f 0 Then the fundamental wave equation is X （t） =A 1 sin［2π（ f 1 ／ f 0 ）t +φ 1 ］，A 1 、 f 1 、φ 1 Respectively, the amplitude (V), frequency (Hz) and initial phase (DEG) of the fundamental wave, t being the sampling time, andthe fundamental wave is corrected according to the numerical relationship between the instantaneous value and the peak value of the fundamental wave by using the instantaneous output voltage and the instantaneous input current as well as the difference between the instantaneous input voltage and the instantaneous output current, and the fundamental wave corrected by the fundamental wave analysis unit can be closer to the actual opening and closing current;
step 32: analyzing and processing harmonic signals, firstly processing numerical values with obvious abnormal conditions by an abnormal value eliminating module, recording harmonic signal data points as I (t), taking t as a certain moment on harmonic, regarding N data points I (t) as a sample set, calculating a sample mean value I (t) by using a mean value formula, and calculating a formula [ I (t) - [ I (t) ] according to the formula by taking the sample mean value' I (t) as a reference]I (t) > epsilon judges an extreme point, epsilon is a range margin, the value of epsilon can be selected according to the operation condition of switching-on and switching-off current, the abnormal value is removed to ensure the stable change of harmonic waves, the harmonic waves are more fit for the normal use condition of switching-on and switching-off, then the harmonic wave abnormal condition is evaluated by a harmonic wave abnormal diagnosis module, the convergence of a harmonic wave function is utilized, the points on a harmonic wave change curve are recorded to form a point array { Pn }, and the coordinate of any point P on the harmonic wave change curve is (a) n ，b n ) Setting the coordinate of the next predicted point M as (a, b) according to the variation of the ideal curve, and determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M by using a formula, i.e. determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M
=M，
=a，
And = b, if the point row { Pn } converges to the predicted point M, the switching current is in the normal condition range, and if the point row { Pn } does not converge to the predicted point M, the switching current is in the abnormal alarm range.
Step four: and in a fault early warning link, based on the harmonic abnormality diagnosis result of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module, the current fault early warning unit gives an alarm prompt, the current fault early warning unit extracts the opening and closing fault current harmonic wave form diagram in the current historical data storage unit, compares the abnormal wave form diagram obtained by analyzing the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module with the historical fault wave form diagram, and can arrange the historical fault wave form diagram according to the similarity by taking the degree of coincidence of the wave form diagram and the points on the wave form diagram as a judgment basis, thereby being capable of detecting the reason of the opening and closing fault.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet divides a data signal into fundamental waves and harmonic waves by combining opening and closing fault historical data and opening and closing real-time current data, the fundamental waves are analyzed and processed to obtain the operation margin of an opening and closing device, meanwhile, the trend of the opening and closing fault can be effectively predicted by using the convergence of a oscillogram of the harmonic waves, the reason of the opening and closing fault can be predicted by comparing and analyzing the similarity of the historical fault wave form and the real-time current wave form, the difficulty in maintaining the circuit breaker is solved to a certain extent, and the maintenance efficiency of power equipment is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of a circuit breaker of a switch cabinet.
In the figure: 1. a current collection unit; 2. a current data storage unit; 21. a current history data storage unit; 22. a current real-time data storage unit; 3. a current characteristic analysis unit; 31. a fundamental wave analysis unit; 32. a harmonic analysis unit; 321. an outlier rejection module; 322. a harmonic anomaly diagnosis module; 4. and a current fault early warning unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, an on-line monitoring and analyzing system for opening and closing current of a switch cabinet breaker includes a current collecting unit (1), a current data storage unit (2), a current characteristic analyzing unit (3), and a current fault early warning unit (4), where the current collecting unit (1) is configured to collect opening and closing current signals of the switch cabinet breaker, the current data storage unit (2) is configured to store opening and closing real-time state current data and opening and closing current historical data collected by the current collecting unit (1), the system includes a current historical data storage unit (21) and a current real-time data storage unit (22), the current historical data storage unit (21) includes a previously-occurring opening and closing current fault oscillogram, the oscillogram is classified according to fault types, mechanical faults and electrical faults can be classified according to fault reasons, opening and closing can be rejected according to fault results, mistaken opening/closing can be mistaken opened/closed, the current fault oscillogram can be inquired and called in time during data processing by classifying multidimensional classification of the switching current oscillogram, the current real-current change-time-current change-time processing data can be converted into a noise reduction processing curve, and the noise reduction processing data can be performed on the switching equipment, the current characteristic analysis unit (3) is used for analyzing and processing current data in a switching-on/off real-time state and comprises a fundamental wave analysis unit (31) and a harmonic wave analysis unit (32), the fundamental wave analysis unit (31) is used for processing the variation trend of fundamental waves in the switching-on/off operation process, the fundamental wave analysis unit (31) corrects the fundamental waves, and the ideal operation frequency of the scoring and switching-on is f 0 Then the fundamental wave equation is X （t） =A 1 sin［2π（ f 1 ／ f 0 ）t +φ 1 ］，A 1 、 f 1 、φ 1 The harmonic analysis unit (32) is used for processing harmonic variation trend in the operation process of the opening and closing brake, the harmonic analysis unit (32) comprises an abnormal value removing module (321) used for removing bad data and a harmonic abnormity diagnosis module (322) used for evaluating harmonic abnormity conditions, the abnormal value removing module (321) records harmonic signal data points as I (t), the t is a certain moment on the harmonic, the N data points I (t) are regarded as a sample set, the average value I (t) can be calculated by using an average value formula, the average value I (t) is taken as a reference, and the formula [ I (t) - [ I (t) ]I (t) ] (I (t) ]) is used as a sample set]I (t) > epsilon judges an extreme point and eliminates the extreme point, a harmonic abnormal diagnosis module (322) uses the convergence of a harmonic function to record points on a harmonic change curve to form a point array { Pn }, and the coordinate of an arbitrary point P on the harmonic change curve is (a) n ，b n ) Setting the coordinate of the next predicted point M as (a, b) according to the variation of the ideal curve, and determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M by using a formula, i.e. determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M
=M，
=a，
If the point row { Pn } converges to the prediction point M, the switching-on/off current is in a normal condition range, if the point row { Pn } does not converge to the prediction point M, the switching-on/off current is in an abnormal alarm range, and based on a current data processing result of the current characteristic analysis unit (3), the current fault early warning unit (4) is used for switching-on/off the switching-on/off currentAnd (5) early warning the load margin of the gate.
By adopting the technical scheme: the on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet is characterized in that opening and closing fault historical data and opening and closing real-time current data are combined, a data signal is divided into fundamental waves and harmonic waves by utilizing the opening and closing operation frequency, the operation margin of an opening and closing device can be obtained by analyzing and processing the fundamental waves, meanwhile, the trend of the opening and closing fault can be effectively predicted by utilizing the convergence of a waveform diagram of the harmonic waves, and the reason of the opening and closing fault can be predicted by comparing and analyzing the similarity of the historical fault waveform and the real-time current waveform.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention further provides an analysis method of the on-line monitoring and analysis system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: current signal data acquisition link has current acquisition unit (1) to gather cubical switchboard circuit breaker divide-shut brake current signal, and hall current sensor collection divide-shut brake coil operating current is chooseed for use in current acquisition unit (1), guarantees to catch current signal in time under the too fast condition of the current change speed of divide-shut brake coil during operation, has improved the accuracy of data.
Step two: and in the current signal data preprocessing link, a current real-time data storage unit (22) draws a time-current change diagram based on real-time opening and closing current signals, and meanwhile, the current real-time data storage unit (22) preprocesses real-time current signal data, mainly performs noise reduction on the real-time-current change diagram, converts the time-current change diagram into a time-current change curve diagram required by data processing, eliminates noise interference of equipment operation on data collected by a sensor, and reduces the influence of noise on data accuracy.
Step three: in the current signal frequency wave processing link, the current characteristic analysis unit (3) can separate fundamental waves and harmonic waves in current data stored in the current real-time data storage unit (22) by taking the operating frequency of switching on and off as a reference, and respectively analyze and process the fundamental waves and the harmonic waves in the current, and the method comprises the following steps:
step (ii) of31: influenced by the operating frequency of the equipment, the fundamental wave extracted by the current characteristic analysis unit (3) has deviation with the real operating fundamental wave, the extracted fundamental wave is corrected by the fundamental wave analysis unit (31), and the ideal operating frequency of scoring and closing is f 0 Then the fundamental wave equation is X （t） =A 1 sin［2π（ f 1 ／ f 0 ）t +φ 1 ］，A 1 、 f 1 、φ 1 The amplitude (V), the frequency (Hz) and the initial phase (°) of the fundamental wave are respectively, t is sampling time, meanwhile, the fundamental wave is corrected according to the numerical relation between the instantaneous value and the peak value of the fundamental wave by utilizing the difference values between the instantaneous output voltage and the instantaneous input current as well as the instantaneous input voltage and the instantaneous output current, and the fundamental wave corrected by the fundamental wave analysis unit (31) can be closer to the actual opening and closing current;
step 32: analyzing and processing harmonic signals, firstly processing numerical values with obvious abnormal conditions by an abnormal value eliminating module (321), recording harmonic signal data points as I (t), taking t as a certain moment on harmonic, regarding N data points I (t) as a sample set, solving a sample mean value I (t) by using an averaging formula, taking the sample mean value I (t) as a reference, and according to the formula [ I (t) - [ I (t) ]I (t) ]]I (t) > epsilon judges an extreme point, epsilon is a range margin, the value of epsilon can be selected according to the operation condition of switching-on and switching-off current, the abnormal value is removed to ensure the stable change of harmonic waves, the harmonic waves are more fit for the normal use condition of the switching-on and switching-off, then the harmonic wave abnormal condition is evaluated by a harmonic wave abnormal diagnosis module (322), the convergence of a harmonic wave function is utilized, points on a harmonic wave change curve are recorded to form a point array { Pn }, and the coordinate of any point P on the harmonic wave change curve is (a) n ，b n ) Setting the coordinate of the next predicted point M as (a, b) according to the variation of the ideal curve, and determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M by using a formula, i.e. determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M
=M，
=a，
And = b, if the point row { Pn } converges to the predicted point M, the switching current is in the normal condition range, and if the point row { Pn } does not converge to the predicted point M, the switching current is in the abnormal alarm range.
Step four: and in a fault early warning link, based on the harmonic abnormality diagnosis result of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module (322), the current fault early warning unit (4) gives an alarm, the current fault early warning unit (4) extracts the opening and closing fault current harmonic wave form diagram in the current historical data storage unit (21), compares the abnormal wave form diagram obtained by analyzing the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module (322) with the historical fault wave form diagram, and arranges the historical fault wave form diagram according to the similarity by taking the degree of coincidence of the wave form diagram and the points on the wave form diagram as a judgment basis, so that the reason of the opening and closing fault can be detected.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: by combining switching-on and switching-off fault historical data and real-time current data, the operation margin of the switching-on and switching-off equipment can be obtained by analyzing and processing switching-on and switching-off current fundamental waves, abnormal values of current harmonics are removed, the harmonics are more suitable for the normal use condition of the switching-on and switching-off, the harmonic trend of the switching-on and switching-off faults can be effectively predicted by verifying the convergence of a harmonic function, and the reason of the switching-on and switching-off faults can be predicted by comparing and analyzing the similarity of historical fault waveforms and the real-time current waveforms.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the switch cabinet circuit breaker is characterized by comprising a current collecting unit (1), a current data storage unit (2), a current characteristic analyzing unit (3) and a current fault early warning unit (4), wherein the current collecting unit (1) is used for collecting opening and closing current signals of the switch cabinet circuit breaker, the current data storage unit (2) is used for storing opening and closing real-time state current data and opening and closing current historical data collected by the current collecting unit (1), the system comprises a current historical data storage unit (21) and a current real-time data storage unit (22), the current characteristic analyzing unit (3) is used for analyzing and processing opening and closing real-time state current data and comprises a fundamental wave analyzing unit (31) and a harmonic wave analyzing unit (32), the fundamental wave analyzing unit (31) is used for processing fundamental wave change trends in the opening and closing operation process, the harmonic wave analyzing unit (32) is used for processing harmonic change trends in the opening and closing operation process, the harmonic wave analyzing unit (32) comprises an abnormal value eliminating module (321) for eliminating bad data and a harmonic wave abnormal diagnosis module (322) for evaluating abnormal switching current processing results, and the load early warning unit (4) is used for carrying out early warning on load fault early warning.
2. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the current collecting unit (1) collects the working current of the opening and closing coil by using a Hall current sensor, so that a current signal can be captured timely under the condition that the current change speed is too fast when the opening and closing coil works, and the accuracy of data is improved.
3. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet according to claim 1 is characterized in that the current data storage unit (2) can convert opening and closing current signals into a time-current change curve graph based on current signals collected by the current collecting unit (1), the current historical data storage unit (21) comprises a previous opening and closing current fault oscillogram, the oscillogram is classified according to fault types, mechanical faults and electrical faults can be classified according to fault reasons, opening and closing can be rejected and mistaken opening and closing can be classified according to fault results, the fault oscillogram can be inquired and called in time during data processing through multi-dimensional classification of the current fault oscillogram for comparison, the current real-time data storage unit (22) draws the time-current change graph based on the real-time opening and closing current signals, meanwhile, real-time current signal data are preprocessed, the real-time-current change graph is subjected to noise reduction, the time-current change graph is converted into the time-current change curve graph required by data processing, noise interference of equipment operation data is eliminated, and the influence of closing noise on data on the influence of closing noise on data is reduced.
4. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the current characteristic analyzing unit (3) is used for separating fundamental waves and harmonic waves in the current data stored in the current real-time data storage unit (22) by taking the operating frequency of the opening and closing as a reference, analyzing and processing the fundamental waves and the harmonic waves in the current respectively, and comprises a fundamental wave analyzing unit (31) and a harmonic wave analyzing unit (32) which are influenced by the operating frequency of equipment, the fundamental wave extracted by the current characteristic analyzing unit (3) is deviated from the true operating fundamental wave, the fundamental wave extracted by the fundamental wave analyzing unit (31) is corrected, and the ideal operating frequency of the score-closing is f 0 Then the fundamental wave equation is X （t） =A 1 sin［2π（ f 1 ／ f 0 ）t +φ 1 ］，A 1 、 f 1 、φ 1 The amplitude (V), the frequency (Hz) and the initial phase (°) of the fundamental wave are respectively, t is sampling time, meanwhile, the fundamental wave is corrected according to the numerical relation between the instantaneous value and the peak value of the fundamental wave by utilizing the difference values between the instantaneous output voltage and the instantaneous input current as well as the instantaneous input voltage and the instantaneous output current, and the fundamental wave corrected by the fundamental wave analysis unit (31) can be closer to the actual opening and closing current.
5. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the abnormal value eliminating module (321) is used for processing a numerical value with an obvious abnormal condition, a harmonic signal data point is recorded as I (t), t is a certain moment on a harmonic, N data points I (t) are regarded as a sample set, a sample mean value I (t) can be obtained by using a mean value formula, a sample mean value ' I (t) is taken as a reference, an extreme value point is judged according to a formula [ I (t) - ' I (t) ]/' I (t) > epsilon, epsilon is a range margin, the epsilon can be selected according to the operation condition of the opening and closing current, the abnormal value is eliminated to ensure the stable change of the harmonic, and the harmonic is more suitable for the normal use condition of the opening and closing switch.
6. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing currents of the circuit breakers of the switch cabinets, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said harmonic anomaly diagnosis module (322) is used for evaluating the harmonic anomaly condition, and using the convergence of a harmonic function, points on a harmonic change curve are recorded to form a point array { Pn }, and an arbitrary point P coordinate on the harmonic change curve is (a) n ，b n ) Setting the coordinate of the next predicted point M as (a, b) according to the variation of the ideal curve, and determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M by using a formula, i.e. determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M
=M，
=a，
And = b, if the point row { Pn } converges to the predicted point M, the switching current is in the normal condition range, and if the point row { Pn } does not converge to the predicted point M, the switching current is in the abnormal alarm range.
7. The on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing currents of the circuit breakers of the switch cabinets according to claim 1, wherein based on the harmonic abnormality diagnosis result of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module (322), the current fault early warning unit (4) gives an alarm, the current fault early warning unit (4) extracts an opening and closing fault current harmonic wave pattern in the current historical data storage unit (21), compares the abnormal wave pattern obtained by analysis of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module (322) with a historical fault wave pattern, and can arrange the historical fault wave pattern according to similarity by taking the trend of the wave pattern and the degree of contact on the wave pattern as a judgment basis, so that the reason for the opening and closing fault can be detected.
8. The use method of the on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the opening and closing current of the circuit breaker of the switch cabinet is characterized in that: the method comprises the following analysis steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in the current signal data acquisition link, a current acquisition unit (1) acquires opening and closing current signals of a circuit breaker of a switch cabinet, and the current acquisition unit (1) selects a Hall current sensor to acquire working current of an opening and closing coil, so that the current signals can be captured in time under the condition that the current change speed is too fast when the opening and closing coil works, and the accuracy of data is improved;
step two: a current signal data preprocessing link, wherein a current real-time data storage unit (22) draws a time-current change diagram based on real-time opening and closing current signals, and the current real-time data storage unit (22) preprocesses the real-time current signal data, mainly performs noise reduction on the real-time-current change diagram, converts the time-current change diagram into a time-current change curve diagram required by data processing, eliminates the noise interference of the operation of equipment on the data collected by a sensor, and reduces the influence of noise on the data accuracy;
step three: in the current signal frequency wave processing link, the current characteristic analysis unit (3) can separate fundamental waves and harmonic waves in current data stored in the current real-time data storage unit (22) by taking the operating frequency of switching-on and switching-off as a reference, and respectively analyze and process the fundamental waves and the harmonic waves in the current, and the method comprises the following steps of:
step 31: influenced by the operating frequency of the equipment, the fundamental wave extracted by the current characteristic analysis unit (3) has deviation with the real operating fundamental wave, the fundamental wave extracted by the fundamental wave analysis unit (31) corrects the extracted fundamental wave, and the ideal operating frequency of scoring and closing is obtainedIs f 0 Then the fundamental wave equation is X （t） =A 1 sin［2π（ f 1 ／ f 0 ）t +φ 1 ］，A 1 、 f 1 、φ 1 The amplitude (V), the frequency (Hz) and the initial phase (°) of the fundamental wave are respectively, t is sampling time, meanwhile, the fundamental wave is corrected according to the numerical relation between the instantaneous value and the peak value of the fundamental wave by utilizing the difference values between the instantaneous output voltage and the instantaneous input current as well as the instantaneous input voltage and the instantaneous output current, and the fundamental wave corrected by the fundamental wave analysis unit (31) can be closer to the actual opening and closing current;
step 32: analyzing and processing harmonic signals, firstly processing numerical values with obvious abnormal conditions by an abnormal value eliminating module (321), recording harmonic signal data points as I (t), and t as a certain moment on harmonic, regarding N data points I (t) as a sample set, calculating a sample mean value I (t) by using a mean value calculation formula, and calculating a formula [ I (t) - [ I (t) ] according to the formula by using the sample mean value I (t) as a reference]I (t) > epsilon judges an extreme point, epsilon is a range margin, the value of epsilon can be selected according to the operation condition of switching-on and switching-off current, the abnormal value is removed to ensure the stable change of harmonic waves, the harmonic waves are more fit for the normal use condition of the switching-on and switching-off, then the harmonic wave abnormal condition is evaluated by a harmonic wave abnormal diagnosis module (322), the convergence of a harmonic wave function is utilized, points on a harmonic wave change curve are recorded to form a point array { Pn }, and the coordinate of any point P on the harmonic wave change curve is (a) n ，b n ) Setting the coordinate of the next predicted point M as (a, b) according to the variation of the ideal curve, and determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M by using a formula, i.e. determining whether the point array { Pn } converges on the predicted point M
=M，
=a，
= b, if the point row { Pn } converges to the predicted point M, the switching current is normalThe condition range is that if the point row { Pn } and the predicted point M do not converge, the switching-on and switching-off current is in the abnormal alarm range;
step four: and in a fault early warning link, based on the harmonic abnormality diagnosis result of the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module (322), the current fault early warning unit (4) gives an alarm, the current fault early warning unit (4) extracts the switching-on/off fault current harmonic wave diagram in the current historical data storage unit (21), compares the abnormal wave diagram obtained by analyzing the harmonic abnormality diagnosis module (322) with the historical fault wave diagram, and arranges the historical fault wave diagram according to similarity by taking the trend of the wave diagram and the degree of contact on the wave diagram as the judgment basis, so that the switching-on/off fault reason can be detected.
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