CN115325727A - Method for developing ground source heat pump by using abandoned or closed mine geothermal resources - Google Patents
Method for developing ground source heat pump by using abandoned or closed mine geothermal resources Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for developing a ground source heat pump by utilizing waste or closed mine geothermal resources, which relates to the technical field of mine resource utilization and comprises the following steps: collecting geothermal geological parameters of a shaft and various drill holes, roadways, chambers and working surfaces around the shaft in the stages of construction, construction and development; calculating the influence range of the circulating heat exchange of the ground source heat pump at each coal mining level and the annual circulating utilization amount of geothermal resources, selecting the coal mining level which utilizes the geothermal energy and has the most economical efficiency, and designing the layout mode of the buried pipes; in the pit closing period of a mine, a construction heat exchange station is built around the ground surface of a shaft, and a water pump circulating unit is arranged in the heat exchange station; embedding buried pipes in a shaft and various drill holes, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft and backfilling or plugging; connecting the buried pipes to the heat exchange station, and starting a switch of the heat exchange station. The invention has the advantages that: the closed or abandoned mine geothermal resources can be reasonably utilized, and the method has higher economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine resource utilization, in particular to a method for developing a ground source heat pump by utilizing waste or closed mine geothermal resources.
Background
More resources in the abandoned or closed mine still remain to be developed and utilized, such as the left coal resources, the left coal bed gas resources, the mine underground water resources, the mine underground space resources, the mine geothermal resources, the pumped storage resources, the mining area cultural tourism resources, the abandoned or closed mine subsidence stable area ground resources and the like, so as to play an important role in the aspects of carbon reduction, carbon control, energy increment and income creation in the energy industry.
At present, the main mode of utilizing geothermal resources is to develop a geothermal power station by deep high-temperature geothermal energy, the middle low-temperature geothermal energy directly extracts underground hot water resources for productive life, and the shallow low-temperature geothermal energy develops a ground source heat pump for industrial or living nearby heating or refrigeration. The application direction of the geothermal resources in the abandoned or closed mine is narrow at present, the geothermal resources contained in various drill holes, shafts and horizontal roadways with different depths of the original abandoned or closed mine cannot be well utilized, the geothermal resources in the abandoned or closed mine are wasted, and the construction investment of the original mine is increased.
Patent document CN203640754U, with publication number, discloses a coal mine mixed resource comprehensive mining system, which includes a buried coil pipe buried in a gob, the buried coil pipe is connected with a ground source heat pump, an air source heat pump is arranged in an air shaft, both the ground source heat pump and the air source heat pump are connected with a ground hot water system, and the ground hot water system is connected with a hot user, but how to develop the ground source heat pump to improve the economy is not disclosed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to reasonably utilize the closed or abandoned mine geothermal resources and ensure that the closed or abandoned mine geothermal resources have higher economy.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means: the method for developing the ground source heat pump by utilizing the waste or closed mine geothermal resources comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting geothermal geological parameters of a shaft and various drill holes, roadways, chambers and working surfaces around the shaft in the stages of construction, construction and development;
step 2, calculating the influence range of the circulating heat exchange of the ground source heat pump at each coal mining level and the annual circulating utilization amount of geothermal resources, selecting the coal mining level which has the most economical efficiency by utilizing the geothermal energy, and designing the layout mode of the buried pipe;
step 3, in the pit closing period of the mine, constructing a construction heat exchange station around the ground surface of the shaft and arranging a water pump circulating unit in the heat exchange station;
step 4, embedding buried pipes in various drill holes, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft and backfilling or plugging the holes;
and 5, connecting the buried pipes to the heat exchange station, and starting a switch of the heat exchange station.
The closed or abandoned mine geothermal resources can be reasonably utilized through the steps, the waste of geothermal resources is reduced, and the investment and income-creating time of the original mine construction is reduced; the coal mining level which has the most economical property by utilizing the terrestrial heat is selected for development, so that the coal mining level has higher economical property.
As an optimized technical scheme, the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, setting the shaft in a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft; uses of the wellbore include transportation wells, air shafts; the purpose of the roadway comprises a main transportation roadway, a return airway and a machine roadway; the construction method of the shaft and the roadway comprises a common shaft sinking method, a freezing shaft sinking method, a drilling shaft sinking method, a sinking shaft sinking method and a curtain shaft sinking method; the purpose of the drill hole comprises a coal field general investigation drill hole, a coal field initial exploration drill hole, a coal field detailed exploration drill hole, a coal field production drill hole and a coal field hydrological drill hole;
step 1.2, the geothermal geological parameters comprise regional structure background, fracture distribution region, stratum thickness, stratum lithology, coal seam extension direction, coal seam type, rock and soil body thermophysical property, underground water resource quantity, constant temperature zone depth and constant temperature zone temperature.
As an optimized technical scheme, in the step 2, a numerical simulation method or a rock-soil mass thermophysical property test method is adopted for the method for calculating the circulating heat exchange influence range of the ground source heat pump.
As an optimized technical scheme, in the step 2, an average specific heat capacity calculation method, an underground water heat calculation method or an average temperature calculation method is adopted as a method for calculating the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource amount of the ground source heat pump.
As an optimized technical scheme, the average temperature calculation method specifically comprises the following steps: simplifying the pit shaft from a wellhead to a certain coal mining horizontal area into a straight cylinder model, simplifying all drill holes around the pit shaft into the straight cylinder model, setting the area of the water inlet pipe of the buried pipe to be 1/2 of the bottom area of the straight cylinder, and calculating the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource amount of the ground source heat pump by combining the conditions of water flow speed, water density, water specific heat capacity, water inlet and outlet temperature difference of the heat exchange station and conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station in the buried pipe in a closest packing mode, namely:
Q α ＝(M×M B ×V T ×T α ×ρ W ×C W ×TEMP DT ×CVR H )/1000；
wherein Q is α KJ is the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of the ground source heat pump; m is 1/2 of the bottom area of the straight cylinder 2 ；M B The proportion of the cross section area of the buried pipe in the bottom area of the straight cylinder when the buried pipe is stacked in a closest packing mode is percent; v T The water flow speed in the buried pipe is m/s; t is a unit of α The second per year is 3.1536 × 10 7 s；ρ W The water tightness is 1kg/L; c W The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 multiplied by 10 3 J/(Kg·℃)；TEMP DT The temperature difference between inlet water and outlet water of the heat exchange station is DEG C; CVR H Is the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station.
As an optimized technical scheme, in the step 2, the method with the most economic coal mining level is selected as the comparative annual economic cost PC E Annual geothermal resource profit Rev G Annual environmental profit Rev EP ；
Annual economic cost PC E The method comprises the steps of underground pipe material cost, heat exchange station building construction cost, pipeline material cost from a heat exchange station to an urban area, water pump purchase cost in the heat exchange station, water pump operation cost and manual maintenance cost;
annual geothermal resource profit Rev G Including annual coal profit savings;
annual environmental profit Rev EP Including annual reduction in carbon emissions profits;
the selection criteria are: if PC E <Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level has economical efficiency by utilizing terrestrial heat; if PC E > Rev G +Rev EP Then the coal mining level using geothermal heat is not economical(ii) a If a certain coal mining level Rev G +Rev EP -PC E Is the largest, the coal mining level is most economical to utilize geothermal heat.
As an optimized technical scheme, in the step 2, designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipes comprises the following steps:
designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe in the shaft: dividing a cross section communicated with the selected coal mining level in a shaft into two areas along the radial direction, wherein the two areas are respectively used for arranging a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe in the drill hole: dividing the hole bottom of each drilled hole around the shaft into two areas along the radial direction, and respectively arranging a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
designing the layout mode of the buried pipes in the roadway, the chamber and the working face: and taking the selected coal mining horizontal roadway, chamber and working face as the layout area of the buried pipes.
Underground space with eight reach underground mine is fully utilized, and as the underground ventilation device and the drainage device are abandoned or closed, the tunnel, the chamber and the working surface are filled with underground water along with the continuous operation of closed pit, and the temperature of the underground water is similar to that of the surrounding rock stratum, so as to heat the liquid medium in the underground buried pipe.
As an optimized technical scheme, in step 2, designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe further comprises: and drilling horizontal drilling holes on the selected coal mining horizontal roadway, chamber and working face to serve as the laying area of the buried pipes. If the number of roadways, chambers and working surfaces around the shaft is small, horizontal drill holes can be drilled to serve as a layout area of the buried pipes, heat in a coal bed or a coal bed top and bottom plate is further utilized, a heat exchange area is increased, and heat exchange efficiency is improved.
As an optimized technical scheme, in the step 3, the lift or the circulation depth of the water pump circulation unit is equal to or more than 1.2 times of the vertical depth of the shaft, wherein the vertical lift is equal to or more than the vertical depth of the shaft, and the horizontal lift under the mine is equal to or more than 20% of the vertical lift.
As an optimized technical scheme, the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, embedding U-shaped buried pipes in a shaft and a roadway, a chamber and a working surface around the shaft, and embedding U-shaped or double-U-shaped buried pipes in all drill holes around the shaft;
step 4.2, backfilling each drill hole around the shaft and the underground horizontal drill hole by using fine sand, medium sand or sand coal gangue;
and 4.3, plugging the shaft and each drilled hole around the shaft by using cement mortar.
The invention has the advantages that: the closed or abandoned mine geothermal resources can be reasonably utilized, the waste of geothermal resources is reduced, and the investment and income-creating time of the original mine construction is reduced; the coal mining level which is most economical by utilizing the geothermal energy is selected for development, so that the coal mining level has higher economical efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground source heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the deployment of a subterranean zone in a well bore in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground source heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the abandoned mine of the present embodiment has six coal mining levels, i.e., a first level 11, a second level 12, a third level 13, a fourth level 14, a fifth level 15, and a sixth level 16, a shaft 20 communicates with the coal mining levels, and a plurality of boreholes 30 (only 1 borehole 30 is illustrated in the figure) are provided around the shaft 20.
The ground source heat pump comprises a buried pipe 40 and a heat exchange station 50; the shaft 20 and the drill holes 30, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft 20 are respectively embedded with buried pipes 40, and the buried pipes 40 are respectively connected with a heat exchange station 50; two heat exchange stations 50 are arranged around the ground surface of the shaft 20, one heat exchange station for supplying heat to the surrounding urban areas through a heat supply pipeline, and one heat exchange station for supplying cold to the surrounding urban areas through a cold supply pipeline.
As shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the shaft 20 is divided into two semicircular areas along the radial direction, the water inlet pipe 41 and the water outlet pipe 42 of the buried pipe 40 are respectively arranged, the water inlet pipe 41 and the water outlet pipe 42 are respectively connected with the heat exchange station 50, and the arrow direction is the water flow direction.
The method for developing the ground source heat pump by utilizing the waste or closed mine geothermal resources comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting geothermal geological parameters of a shaft 20 and various drill holes 30, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft 20 in the stages of construction, construction and development, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 1.1, the arrangement mode of the shaft 20 comprises but is not limited to a vertical shaft and an inclined shaft; uses for the wellbore 20 include, but are not limited to, transportation wells, wind wells; the purpose of the roadway includes but is not limited to a main transportation roadway, a return airway and a machine roadway; the construction method of the shaft 20 and the roadway includes, but is not limited to, ordinary shaft sinking, freezing shaft sinking, drilling shaft sinking, sinking shaft sinking, curtain shaft sinking; uses for the borehole 30 include, but are not limited to, coal field general survey boreholes, coal field initial survey boreholes, coal field detailed survey boreholes, coal field production boreholes, and coal field hydrological boreholes.
Step 1.2, the geothermal geological parameters comprise but are not limited to regional structure background, fracture distribution region, stratum thickness, stratum lithology, coal seam extending direction, coal seam type, rock and soil body thermophysical property, underground water resource amount, constant temperature zone depth and constant temperature zone temperature.
Step 2, calculating the influence range of the circulating heat exchange of the ground source heat pump at each coal mining level and the annual circulating utilization amount of geothermal resources, selecting the coal mining level with the most economical utilization of the geothermal resources, and designing the layout mode of the buried pipe 40, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, the method for calculating the influence range of the circulating heat exchange of the ground source heat pump comprises but is not limited to a numerical simulation method and a rock-soil body thermophysical property testing method, and aims to know the geothermal temperature rise limit value of the buried pipe 40 in any coal mining level of a abandoned mine or closed mine.
And 2.2, calculating annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of the ground source heat pump by using a method including but not limited to an average specific heat capacity calculation method, an underground water heat quantity calculation method and an average temperature calculation method.
The average temperature calculation method specifically comprises the following steps: simplifying a shaft 20 from a wellhead to a certain coal mining level area into a straight cylinder model, simplifying all drill holes 30 around the shaft 20 into the straight cylinder model, and calculating the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of a ground source heat pump according to the conditions that the area of a region where a water inlet pipe 41 of an underground pipe 40 is located is 1/2 of the area of the bottom of the straight cylinder, and the underground pipes 40 are stacked in a closest stacking mode, in combination with the water flow speed, the water density, the water specific heat capacity, the water inlet and outlet temperature difference of a heat exchange station 50 and the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station 50 in the underground pipe 40, namely:
Q α ＝(M×M B ×V T ×T α ×ρ W ×C W ×TEMP DT ×CVR H )/1000；
wherein Q is α KJ is the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of the ground source heat pump; m is 1/2 of the bottom area of the straight cylinder 2 ；M B The percentage of the cross section area of the buried pipe 40 occupying the bottom area of the straight cylinder when the buried pipe is stacked in a closest packing mode is percent; v T Is the water velocity in the buried pipe 40, m/s; t is α The second per year is 3.1536 × 10 7 s；ρ W Water density of 1kg/L; c W The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 multiplied by 10 3 J/(Kg·℃)；TEMP DT The temperature difference between the inlet water and the outlet water of the heat exchange station 50 is DEG C; CVR H Is the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station 50 (%).
Step 2.3, selecting the method with the most economic coal mining level as the comparative annual economic cost PC E Annual geothermal resource profit Rev G Annual environmental protection profit Rev EP 。
Annual economic cost PC E Including the cost of buried pipe 40 material, the cost of heat exchange station 50 construction, the cost of heat exchange station 50 to urban area piping material, the cost of heat exchange station 50 in the area of the heat exchange stationWater pump acquisition cost, water pump operation cost, manual maintenance cost.
Annual geothermal resource profit Rev G The method comprises the steps of saving coal profits every year, and calculating by combining the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of a ground source heat pump with the standard coal heat quantity and the coal price.
Annual environmental profit Rev EP The method comprises the steps of reducing annual carbon emission and profits, and calculating by combining the coal saving amount with the carbon dioxide emission of standard coal and the carbon price of a carbon exchange.
The selection criteria are: if PC E <Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level has economical efficiency by utilizing terrestrial heat; if PC E >Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level does not have economy by utilizing geothermal heat; if a certain coal mining level Rev G +Rev EP -PC E Is the largest, the coal mining level is most economical to utilize geothermal heat.
Step 2.4, designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipes 40 comprises the following steps:
(1) The layout of the buried pipe 40 in the wellbore 20 is designed: the cross section of the shaft 20 communicating with the selected coal mining level is divided radially into two zones for the deployment of inlet pipe 41 and outlet pipe 42 respectively.
(2) Designing the arrangement of the buried pipe 40 in the borehole 30: the bottom of each bore 30 around the wellbore 20 is divided radially into two zones for the placement of an inlet pipe 41 and an outlet pipe 42, respectively.
(3) Designing the layout mode of the buried pipes 40 in the roadway, the chamber and the working face: the selected horizontal roadway, chamber and working face for coal mining are used as the layout area of the buried pipe 40, the underground space with four passages and eight passages under the mine is fully utilized, and as the underground ventilation device and the drainage device of the mine are abandoned or closed, the roadway, chamber and working face can be filled with underground water along with the continuous pit-closing work, and the temperature of the underground water is similar to that of the surrounding rock stratum, so that the liquid medium in the buried pipe 40 is heated; if there are few tunnels, chambers and working faces around the shaft 20, horizontal boreholes can be drilled in the selected tunnels, chambers and working faces of the coal mining level to serve as the layout area of the underground pipes 40, so that the heat in the coal seam or the coal seam top and bottom plate can be further utilized to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
Step 3, in the pit closing period of the mine, constructing a heat exchange station 50 around the ground surface of the shaft 20 and arranging a water pump circulating unit in the heat exchange station 50, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, the construction heat source heat exchange station 50 is built around the surface of the shaft 20 because the heat collected by the underground pipe 40 in the shaft 20 in a circulating mode is more than that collected by the drill holes 30 distributed around the underground pipe, so that the heat can be better gathered.
And 3.2, arranging a plurality of groups of water pump circulating units, setting the number and the combination mode of the water pump circulating units according to the arrangement mode of the buried pipes 40 and the water flow in the buried pipes 40, and starting the water pump circulating units of different combination types to utilize different heat.
And 3.3, the lift or the circulation depth of the water pump circulating unit is equal to or more than 1.2 times of the vertical depth of the shaft, wherein the vertical lift is equal to or more than the vertical depth of the shaft, and the horizontal lift under the mine is equal to or more than 20% of the vertical lift.
Step 4, embedding the buried pipes 40 in the shaft 20 and various drill holes 30, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft 20 and backfilling or plugging the holes, comprising the following steps:
and 4.1, embedding U-shaped buried pipes in the shaft 20 and the roadway, chamber and working face around the shaft, embedding U-shaped or double-U-shaped buried pipes in each drilling hole 30 around the shaft 20 according to the hole diameter, wherein more U-shaped buried pipes can be embedded due to larger space of the shaft 20, the roadway, the chamber and the working face, and the U-shaped or double-U-shaped buried pipes can be selectively embedded due to smaller hole diameter of the drilling holes 30, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
And 4.2, backfilling the drilled holes 30 around the shaft 20 and the underground horizontal drilled holes by using fine sand, medium sand or sand coal gangue, wherein the medium has better heat conductivity, can better conduct heat in an underground space, enables underground heat circulation to be quicker and more uniform, and can better utilize solid mine wastes.
And 4.3, plugging the wellhead of the shaft 20 by using cement mortar, and plugging the area from the orifice to the ground surface 30m of each drilling hole 30 around the shaft 20, wherein firstly, the gas leakage caused by gas accumulation in abandoned or closed mines can be prevented, and secondly, the temperature change of the shaft 20 and the buried pipes 40 in each drilling hole 30 around the shaft 20 caused by the influence of weather on temperature change layers can be prevented.
And 5, connecting the buried pipes 40 to the heat exchange station 50, starting a switch of the heat exchange station 50 according to the most economical principle suitable for local production and life, starting water pump circulating units of different groups, selectively utilizing different gradient temperatures, and better utilizing waste geothermal resources or closing geothermal resources in mines so as to provide the urban area with better utilization of geothermal energy of the ground source heat pump.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, the closed mine in this embodiment is a main well in the central area of a coal mine in the panying mining area in Huainan city, the central area of the panying coal mine is adjacent to the panying area in Huainan city, the closed mine is built and put into production in 1983, and the closed mine is closed in 2018; the central area of a panne coal mine has two coal mining levels, namely a level 11 and a level 12, a main shaft 20 is communicated with the coal mining levels, and 20 drill holes 30 (only 1 drill hole 30 is shown in the figure) are arranged around the shaft 20.
The ground source heat pump comprises a buried pipe 40 and a heat exchange station 50; the shaft 20 and the drill holes 30, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft 20 are respectively embedded with buried pipes 40, and the buried pipes 40 are respectively connected with a heat exchange station 50; the heat exchange station 50 is arranged around the ground surface of the shaft 20, and the heat exchange station 50 is a heat source heat exchange station and supplies heat to urban areas in a Pan district through a heat supply pipeline.
In the embodiment, the arrangement mode of the buried pipe 40 in the shaft 20 is the same as that in the first embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the cross section of the shaft 20 is divided into two semicircular areas along the radial direction, the water inlet pipe 41 and the water outlet pipe 42 of the buried pipe 40 are respectively arranged, the water inlet pipe 41 and the water outlet pipe 42 are respectively connected with the heat exchange station 50, and the arrow direction is the water flow direction.
The method for developing the ground source heat pump by utilizing the waste or closed mine geothermal resources comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting geothermal geological parameters of a shaft 20 and various drill holes 30, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft 20 in the stages of construction, construction and development, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 1.1, setting a main shaft 20 in a central area of a Pan-one coal mine in a vertical shaft mode, wherein the main shaft is used as a transportation shaft; the roadways are all transportation main roadways; the drill holes 30 include a coal field initial survey drill hole, a coal field detailed survey drill hole, and a coal field production drill hole.
Step 1.2, the depth of a first horizontal plane 11 in a central area of a Panyi coal mine is-600 m, and the depth of a second horizontal plane 12 is-1000 m; the depth of a main well shaft 20 is-1000 m, a first level 11 and a second level 12 are respectively communicated at-600 m and-1000 m, the shape of the main well shaft 20 is approximate to a cylinder, and the diameter is 8m; the laneways are all tall laneways with the height of 4-6 m; the drilling depth of each drill hole 30 is-1200 m; the thickness of the unconsolidated sediment formation surrounding the wellbore 20 is about 300m, the pore size of each borehole 30 in the unconsolidated sediment formation is 150mm, and the pore size in the bedrock zone is 90mm; the thickness of a horizontal 11 coal seam is about 4m, the direct top plate is mudstone, the thickness is 25m, the direct bottom plate is sandstone, and the thickness is 15m; the thickness of the second horizontal 12 coal seam is about 5m, the direct top plate is mudstone and 18m, the direct bottom plate is sandstone and 23m; the coal seam is positioned at the anticline position of the shaft 20, and the surrounding coal seam extends to two anticline wings; the average temperature of the first level 11 roadway and the coal seam is 37.02 ℃, the average temperature of the second level 12 roadway and the coal seam is 46.52 ℃, the average temperature of the bottoms of the holes 30 of all the drill holes is 54.2 ℃, the depth of a constant temperature layer in a Huainan panxie mining area is about 30m, and the temperature of the constant temperature layer is about 16.9 ℃.
Step 2, calculating the influence range of the circulating heat exchange of the ground source heat pump at each coal mining level and the annual circulating utilization amount of geothermal resources, selecting the coal mining level with the most economical utilization of the geothermal resources, and designing the layout mode of the buried pipe 40, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, calculating the influence ranges of the first level 11 and the second level 12 of the central area of the first coal mine and the ground source heat pump circulation heat exchange of each drill hole 30 around the main well shaft 20 by using numerical simulation software such as MatLab, felow and the like through a numerical simulation method, and calculating to obtain that the influence range of the ground source heat pump circulation heat exchange of the first level 11 is about 36.8m, the influence range of the ground source heat pump circulation heat exchange of the second level 12 is about 51.5m, and the influence range of the ground source heat pump circulation heat exchange of each drill hole 30 is about 5m.
Step 2.2, calculating annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource amount of the ground source heat pump of the first level 11 and the second level 12 of the central area of the Pan coal mine and each drill hole 30 around the main well shaft 20 by using an average temperature calculation method, which specifically comprises the following steps: simplifying the shaft 20 from a wellhead to a certain coal mining horizontal area into a straight cylinder model, simplifying the drill holes 30 around the shaft 20 into the straight cylinder model, and calculating the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource amount of the ground source heat pump according to the conditions that the area of the area where the water inlet pipe 41 of the buried pipe 40 is located is 1/2 of the straight cylinder bottom area and the buried pipes 40 are stacked in the closest stacking mode, in combination with the water flow velocity, the water density, the water specific heat capacity, the water inlet and outlet temperature difference of the heat exchange station 50 and the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station 50 in the buried pipe 40, namely:
Q α ＝(M×M B ×V T ×T α ×ρ W ×C W ×TEMP DT ×CVR H )/1000；
wherein Q is α KJ is the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of the ground source heat pump; m is 1/2 of the bottom area of the straight cylinder 2 ；M B The proportion of the cross-sectional area of the buried pipes 40 occupying the bottom area of the straight cylinder when the buried pipes are stacked in a closest packing manner is percent; v T Is the water velocity in the buried pipe 40, m/s; t is a unit of α The second per year is 3.1536 × 10 7 s；ρ W Water density of 1kg/L; c W The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 multiplied by 10 3 J/(Kg·℃)；TEMP DT The temperature difference between the inlet water and the outlet water of the heat exchange station 50 is DEG C; CVR H Is the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station 50 percent.
The data for the first level 11 and the second level 12 are: m is 25.12M 2 ；M B 88.7 percent; v T Is 4m/s; t is a unit of α Is 3.1536 × 10 7 s；ρ W Is 1kg/L; c W Is 4.2X 10 3 J/(Kg·℃)；CVR H The content was 80%.
The actual temperature difference between the first level 11 and the constant temperature layer is 20.12 ℃, but TEMP is adopted DT The annual cyclic utilization amount of geothermal resources of the ground source heat pump of the level 11 is calculated to be 1.710 under the condition that the annual cyclic utilization amount of the geothermal resources is generally 90 percent of the actual temperature difference, namely 18.108 DEG C×10 11 KJ。
The actual temperature difference between the second level 12 and the constant temperature layer is 29.62 ℃, but TEMP DT Generally 90 percent of the actual temperature difference, namely 26.658 ℃, the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource amount of the ground source heat pump with the secondary level 12 calculated is 2.517 multiplied by 10 11 KJ。
The data for each borehole 30 is: m is 2.025X 10 -3 m 2 ；M B Is 88.7 percent; v T Is 2m/s; t is α Is 3.1536 × 10 7 s；ρ W Is 1kg/L; c W Is 4.2X 10 3 J/(Kg·℃)；CVR H It was 80%.
The actual temperature difference between the bottom of each 30 holes and the constant temperature layer is 37.3 ℃, TEMP DT Typically 90% of the actual temperature difference, 33.57 ℃, and the annual cyclic utilization of geothermal resources by a single borehole 30 is calculated to be 1.278 x 10 7 KJ annual cyclic utilization of geothermal resources in the entire borehole 30 around the wellbore 20 of 2.556X 10 9 KJ。
Step 2.3, compare annual economic cost PC of level one 11 and level two 12 in central zone of Panyi coal mine E Annual geothermal resource profit Rev G Annual environmental protection profit Rev EP 。
Annual economic cost PC E The method comprises the material cost of the buried pipe 40, the construction cost of the heat exchange station 50, the material cost of a pipeline from the heat exchange station 50 to an urban area, the purchase cost of a water pump in the heat exchange station 50, the operation cost of the water pump and the manual maintenance cost.
The service life of the buried pipe 40, the heat exchange station 50, the pipelines from the heat exchange station 50 to the urban area is 20 years, and the service life of a water pump in the heat exchange station 50 is 5 years; the total price of the material cost of the buried pipe 40 and the material cost of the pipeline from the heat exchange station 50 to the urban area at the level 11 is 9.33 multiplied by 10 7 Yuan, reduced year 4.665X 10 6 Element; the total cost of the material of the buried pipe 40 with the secondary level 12 and the material of the pipeline from the heat exchange station 50 to the urban area is 1.4 multiplied by 10 8 Yuan, reduced year 7X 10 6 Element; the construction cost of the heat exchange station 50 is 2 multiplied by 10 7 1 x 10 years of yuan, reduced 6 Yuan; the purchase cost of the water pump is 5 multiplied by 10 6 1 × 10 years of yuan, fold 6 Element; the operating cost of the water pump is the operating electricity charge which is reduced by years 1.6×10 6 Yuan; the labor maintenance cost is the labor price of the heat exchange station workers, which is reduced to 6 multiplied by 10 per year 5 A meta.
Annual geothermal resource profit Rev G The method comprises the following steps of saving coal profits annually, and calculating by combining annual cyclic utilization of geothermal resource quantity by a ground source heat pump with standard coal heat quantity and coal price.
The annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of the ground source heat pump for exploiting the primary horizontal hole 11 and the peripheral drill holes 30 is 1.736 multiplied by 10 11 KJ, coal quantity reduced by years is about 5979.2t, and is reduced by 14813301.23 yuan.
The annual cyclic utilization amount of geothermal resources of the ground source heat pump for exploiting the secondary level 12 and the peripheral drill holes 30 is 2.543 multiplied by 10 11 KJ, the annual saving of the coal is 8679.2t, and the annual saving of the coal is 21697952.22 yuan.
Annual environmental profit Rev EP The method comprises the following steps of annual reduction of carbon emission profit, and calculation by combining the coal saving amount with the carbon dioxide emission amount of standard coal and the carbon price of a carbon exchange.
The ground source heat pump for exploiting the first level 11 and the surrounding drill holes 30 saves coal by about 5979.2t each year, reduces the carbon dioxide emission by 14100.773t each year, and reduces the carbon emission by 744238.80 yuan each year.
The ground source heat pump for exploiting the secondary horizontal 12 and the peripheral drill holes 30 saves the fire coal by about 8679.2t per year, reduces the carbon dioxide emission by 20656.446t per year, and reduces the carbon emission by 1090247.21 yuan per year.
The selection criteria are: if PC E <Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level has economical efficiency by utilizing terrestrial heat; if PC E >Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level does not have economy by utilizing geothermal heat; if a certain coal mining level Rev G +Rev EP -PC E The value of (b) is maximum, then the coal mining level is most economical in utilizing geothermal heat; it is calculated that it is most economical to develop a ground source heat pump using a two level 12 geothermal heat.
Step 2.4, designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe 40 comprises the following steps:
(1) The layout of the buried pipe 40 in the wellbore 20 is designed: the cross section of the shaft 20 communicating with the two levels 12 is divided into two areas in the radial direction for arranging the water inlet pipe 41 and the water outlet pipe 42 respectively.
(2) Designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe 40 in the drill hole 30: the bottom of each bore 30 around the shaft 20 is radially divided into two zones for the placement of an inlet pipe 41 and an outlet pipe 42, respectively.
(3) Designing the layout mode of the buried pipes 40 in the roadway, the chamber and the working face: and taking the laneway, chamber and working surface of the second level 12 as the layout area of the buried pipe 40, and drilling a horizontal borehole on the laneway, chamber and working surface of the second level 12 as the layout area of the buried pipe 40.
Step 3, in the pit closing period of the central area of the Panyi coal mine, a construction heat exchange station 50 is built around the ground surface of the shaft 20, and a water pump circulating unit is arranged in the heat exchange station 50, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, the construction heat source heat exchange station 50 is built around the surface of the shaft 20 because the heat collected by the underground pipe 40 in the shaft 20 in a circulating mode is more than that collected by the drill holes 30 distributed around the underground pipe, so that the heat can be better gathered.
And 3.2, arranging a plurality of groups of water pump circulating units, setting the number and the combination modes of the water pump circulating units according to the arrangement mode of the buried pipes 40 and the water flow in the buried pipes 40, and starting the water pump circulating units of different combination types to utilize different heat.
And 3.3, the lift or the circulation depth of the water pump circulating unit is equal to or higher than 1200m, wherein the vertical lift is equal to or higher than 1000m, and the horizontal lift under the mine is equal to or higher than 200m.
Step 4, embedding buried pipes 40 into the shaft 20 and each drill hole 30, roadway, chamber and working face around the shaft 20, and backfilling or plugging the holes, specifically comprising the following steps:
and 4.1, embedding U-shaped DN64 buried pipes in the shaft 20 and the roadway, chamber and working face around the shaft, and embedding double U-shaped DN32 or DN25 buried pipes in each drilling hole 30 around the shaft 20.
And 4.2, backfilling each drill hole 30 around the shaft 20 and the horizontal drill hole under the mine by using fine sand, medium sand or sand coal gangue.
And 4.3, plugging the wellhead of the shaft 20 by using cement mortar, and plugging each drilling hole 30 around the shaft 20 from the hole opening to an area 30m away from the ground surface.
And 5, connecting the buried pipes 40 to the heat exchange station 50, starting a switch of the heat exchange station 50 according to the most economical principle suitable for local production and life, starting water pump circulating units of different groups, selectively utilizing different gradient temperatures, and better utilizing waste geothermal resources or closing geothermal resources in mines so as to provide the urban area with better utilization of geothermal energy of the ground source heat pump.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or closed mine geothermal resources is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting geothermal geological parameters of a shaft and various drill holes, roadways, chambers and working surfaces around the shaft in the stages of construction, construction and development;
step 2, calculating the influence range of the circulating heat exchange of the ground source heat pump at each coal mining level and the annual circulating utilization amount of geothermal resources, selecting the coal mining level which has the most economical efficiency by utilizing the geothermal energy, and designing the layout mode of the buried pipe;
step 3, in the pit closing period of the mine, constructing a construction heat exchange station around the ground surface of the shaft and arranging a water pump circulating unit in the heat exchange station;
step 4, embedding buried pipes in the shaft and various drill holes, roadways, chambers and working faces around the shaft and backfilling or plugging;
and 5, connecting the buried pipes to the heat exchange station, and starting a switch of the heat exchange station.
2. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, setting a shaft in a vertical shaft and an inclined shaft; uses of the wellbore include transportation wells, air shafts; the purpose of the roadway comprises a main transportation roadway, a return airway and a machine roadway; the construction method of the shaft and the roadway comprises a common shaft sinking method, a freezing shaft sinking method, a drilling shaft sinking method, an open caisson shaft sinking method and a curtain shaft sinking method; the purpose of the drill hole comprises a coal field general investigation drill hole, a coal field initial exploration drill hole, a coal field detailed exploration drill hole, a coal field production drill hole and a coal field hydrological drill hole;
step 1.2, the geothermal geological parameters comprise regional structure background, fracture distribution region, stratum thickness, stratum lithology, coal seam extending direction, coal seam type, rock and soil body thermophysical property, underground water resource quantity, depth of a constant temperature zone and temperature of the constant temperature zone.
3. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, a numerical simulation method or a rock-soil body thermophysical property test method is adopted for the method for calculating the influence range of the ground source heat pump circulation heat exchange.
4. The method of developing a ground source heat pump using waste or off mine geothermal resources of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the method for calculating the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource amount of the ground source heat pump adopts an average specific heat capacity calculation method, an underground water heat calculation method or an average temperature calculation method.
5. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the average temperature calculation method specifically comprises the following steps: simplifying the pit shaft from a wellhead to a certain coal mining horizontal area into a straight cylinder model, simplifying all drill holes around the pit shaft into the straight cylinder model, setting the area of the area where a water inlet pipe of the buried pipe is positioned as 1/2 of the bottom area of the straight cylinder, and calculating the annual cyclic utilization resource quantity of the geothermal heat pump by combining the water flow speed, the water density, the water specific heat capacity, the water inlet and outlet temperature difference of the heat exchange station and the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station in the buried pipe with the condition of most dense packing mode accumulation, namely:
Q α ＝(M×M B ×V T ×T α ×ρ W ×C W ×TEMP DT ×CVR H )/1000；
wherein Q is α KJ is the annual cyclic utilization geothermal resource quantity of the ground source heat pump; m is 1/2 of the bottom area of the straight cylinder 2 ；M B The proportion of the cross section area of the buried pipe in the bottom area of the straight cylinder when the buried pipe is stacked in a closest packing mode is percent; v T The water flow speed in the buried pipe is m/s; t is a unit of α The second per year is 3.1536 × 10 7 s；ρ W The water density is 1kg/L; c W The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 multiplied by 10 3 J/(Kg·℃)；TEMP DT The temperature difference between inlet water and outlet water of the heat exchange station is DEG C; CVR H Is the conversion efficiency of the heat exchange station.
6. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 2, selecting the method with the most economic coal mining level as comparative annual economic cost PC E Annual geothermal resource profit Rev G Annual environmental protection profit Rev EP ；
Annual economic cost PC E The method comprises the steps of underground pipe material cost, heat exchange station building construction cost, pipeline material cost from a heat exchange station to an urban area, water pump purchase cost in the heat exchange station, water pump operation cost and manual maintenance cost;
annual geothermal resource profit Rev G Including annual coal profit savings;
annual environmental profit Rev EP Including annual reduction in carbon emissions profits;
the selection criteria are: if PC E <Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level has economy by utilizing geothermal energy; if PC E >Rev G +Rev EP The coal mining level using geothermal energy is not economical; if a certain coal mining level Rev G +Rev EP -PC E Is the largest, the coal mining level is most economical to utilize geothermal heat.
7. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 2, designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipes comprises the following steps:
designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe in the well bore: dividing a cross section of a shaft communicated with the selected coal mining level into two areas along the radial direction, wherein the two areas are respectively used for arranging a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipe in the drill hole: dividing the hole bottom of each drill hole around the shaft into two areas along the radial direction, and respectively arranging a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
designing the layout mode of the buried pipes in the roadway, the chamber and the working face: and taking the selected coal mining horizontal roadway, chamber and working face as the layout area of the buried pipe.
8. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in step 2, designing the arrangement mode of the buried pipes further comprises: and drilling horizontal drilling holes on the selected coal mining horizontal roadway, chamber and working face to serve as the layout area of the buried pipes.
9. The method for developing a ground source heat pump by using waste or shut down mine geothermal resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the lift or the circulation depth of the water pump circulating unit is equal to or more than 1.2 times of the vertical depth of the shaft, wherein the vertical lift is equal to or more than the vertical depth of the shaft, and the horizontal lift under the mine is equal to or more than 20% of the vertical lift.
10. The method of developing a ground source heat pump using waste or off mine geothermal resources of claim 1, wherein: the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, embedding U-shaped buried pipes in a shaft and a roadway, a chamber and a working surface around the shaft, and embedding U-shaped or double-U-shaped buried pipes in each drilling hole around the shaft;
step 4.2, backfilling each drill hole around the shaft and the underground horizontal drill hole by using fine sand, medium sand or sand coal gangue;
and 4.3, plugging the shaft and each drilled hole around the shaft by using cement mortar.
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