CN115325149A

CN115325149A - Atomizing nozzle and emergent lubricating system of oil mist

Info

Publication number: CN115325149A
Application number: CN202210910769.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟建锋; 成赟; 杨端
Original assignee: Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute AECC
Current assignee: Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute AECC
Priority date: 2022-07-29
Filing date: 2022-07-29
Publication date: 2022-11-11

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency lubrication of a helicopter speed reducer, in particular to an atomizing nozzle and an oil mist emergency lubricating system. The nozzle comprises a shell, a guide pipe and a nozzle head, wherein the shell is provided with an air supply port and an oil supply port; the guide pipe is sleeved in the shell, an oil path channel is formed between the guide pipe and the shell, the oil path channel is simultaneously communicated with the end part of the guide pipe and the oil supply port, an air path channel is arranged in the guide pipe, the air path channel is simultaneously communicated with the end part of the guide pipe and the air supply port, and compressed gas and lubricating oil are respectively introduced through the air path channel and the oil path channel and are mixed in a gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe; the nozzle head is provided to penetrate the end of the conduit and adapted to eject the compressed gas and the lubricant after mixing. The gas-liquid two-phase fluid provided by the invention has the advantages of good lubricating effect, low oil consumption, capability of keeping the friction part lubricated all the time and the like. In addition, the compressed air with small specific heat can take away heat generated by friction, so that the working temperature of a tooth surface or a bearing is reduced, and a certain inhibiting effect on temperature rise is effectively realized.

Description

Atomizing nozzle and emergent lubricating system of oil mist

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency lubrication of a helicopter speed reducer, in particular to an atomizing nozzle and an oil mist emergency lubricating system.

Background

Once the helicopter speed reducer loses lubrication (oil in parts such as an oil way, an oil cooling device and an oil pool, or causes such as large leakage of lubricating oil and failure of a lubricating oil pump due to other reasons), the helicopter speed reducer enters a dry running state in a short time, and moving parts such as gears and bearings lose efficacy in a short time, thereby causing disastrous accidents. The dry running capacity of the retarder is mostly between 30 minutes and 45 minutes. The safety and the reliability of the helicopter (particularly a gunship) can be effectively improved by arranging the emergency lubricating system to prolong the dry running time of the speed reducer.

The conventional emergency lubricating system is mainly implemented in an auxiliary lubricating mode and an oil core oil throwing lubricating mode.

For oil core oil slinging lubrication, as the oil core is arranged in the rotating shaft, a special structure is needed for arrangement, the oil release rate and duration of the oil core are very limited, and the oil release rate is large in initial value and greatly reduced along with time.

For the auxiliary lubricating system, because the pipeline and the nozzle in the normal state are still used, the lubricating oil quantity required in the emergency state is large, and the emergency working time is short.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of large oil quantity and short emergency working time in the prior art, so that the atomizing nozzle and the oil mist emergency lubricating system with low oil consumption and longer working time are provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an atomizing nozzle comprising:

a housing provided with an air supply port and an oil supply port;

the guide pipe is sleeved in the shell, an oil path channel is formed between the guide pipe and the shell, the oil path channel is simultaneously communicated with the end part of the guide pipe and the oil supply port, an air path channel is arranged in the guide pipe and is simultaneously communicated with the end part of the guide pipe and the air supply port, and compressed gas and lubricating oil are respectively introduced through the air path channel and the oil path channel and are mixed in a gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe;

and a nozzle head which is provided so as to penetrate the end of the conduit and is adapted to discharge the compressed gas and the lubricant after mixing.

Optionally, the end of the conduit is circumferentially provided with a plurality of through holes for communicating the air passage, the oil passage and the gas-liquid mixing cavity.

Optionally, the system further comprises a connecting sleeve arranged between the end part of the pipe and the nozzle head, a gas-liquid mixing cavity used for communicating the end part of the pipe with a communicating cavity of the nozzle head is arranged in the connecting sleeve, and the inner diameter of the communicating cavity is gradually reduced along the spraying direction of the oil gas so as to accelerate the flow rate of the mixed oil gas.

Optionally, at least one nozzle hole is arranged on the nozzle head, and the nozzle hole is any one of a circle, a strip and a cone.

Optionally, a plug is disposed on a side of the conduit away from the nozzle head, a first sealing element is disposed between the plug and the housing, and a second sealing element is disposed between the conduit and the housing.

The emergency oil mist lubricating system comprises the atomizing nozzle, an air path assembly communicated with the air supply port and an oil path assembly communicated with the oil supply port.

Optionally, the gas path assembly includes a gas supply pipe communicated with the gas supply port, a gas pump and a first valve provided on the gas supply pipe, and a second valve provided in parallel with the gas pump; the oil way assembly comprises an oil supply pipe and an oil storage pool which are communicated with the oil supply port.

Optionally, the emergency oil supply device further comprises an oil path emergency assembly, and the oil path emergency assembly is arranged on the oil supply pipe.

Optionally, the oil path emergency component includes an oil pump and a third valve which are arranged on the oil supply pipe, and a fourth valve which is arranged in parallel with the oil pump.

Optionally, an integration seat connecting the oil supply pipe, the air supply pipe and the nozzle head is further included.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, gas is injected from the gas supply port, lubricating oil is injected from the oil supply port, the gas enters the gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe through the gas passage in the guide pipe, the lubricating oil enters the gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe through the oil passage between the guide pipe and the shell, the mixed gas and liquid are sprayed out through the nozzle head after the lubricating oil and the compressed gas are fully mixed in the gas-liquid mixing cavity, uniform and fine atomizing two-phase flow is generated to lubricate a key friction pair, and the average atomizing diameter can reach below 20 mu m. The gas-liquid two-phase fluid has the advantages of good lubricating effect, low oil consumption, wide applicable lubricating oil viscosity range, maintenance of lubrication of friction parts and the like. In addition, the compressed air with small specific heat can take away heat generated by friction, so that the working temperature of a tooth surface or a bearing is reduced, and a certain inhibiting effect on temperature rise is effectively realized.

2. According to the atomizing nozzle and the oil mist emergency lubricating system provided by the invention, the through hole arranged at the tail end of the guide pipe can be used for mixing compressed gas and lubricating oil, and the inner side of the connecting sleeve is gradually reduced along the airflow direction, so that the mixed oil gas is gathered and the flow speed is accelerated, and the high-speed spraying is facilitated.

3. The atomizing nozzle provided by the invention has the advantages that the nozzle head can be set into different shapes according to different shapes of lubricated points, the spray hole can be any one of a circle, a strip or a cone, and one or more spray holes can be provided, so that the atomizing nozzle can adapt to different lubricated points, can be flexibly arranged and is less limited by a reducer structure.

4. According to the atomizing nozzle, the first sealing element is arranged between the plug and the shell, the second sealing element is arranged between the guide pipe and the shell, the first sealing element and the second sealing element can ensure that compressed gas and lubricating oil cannot leak, the using effect of the atomizing nozzle is ensured, the first sealing element and the second sealing element are O-shaped rings, the cross section structure of each O-shaped ring is extremely simple, and the sealing performance is reliable.

5. The invention provides an oil mist emergency lubrication system, which adopts a system with a simple pipeline or a short oil mist lubrication path, wherein an atomizing nozzle, an air path component and an oil path component are matched, and after the system is added, because a movable part still has oil gas for lubrication and cooling, the movable part can continuously work for a long time.

6. The invention provides an oil mist emergency lubricating system, which is used for a system with a complex pipeline or a long oil mist lubricating path and adopts a system with an atomizing nozzle, an air path component, an oil path component and an oil path emergency system which are matched, when a speed reducer lubricating system works normally, a third valve and a first valve are closed, the oil mist emergency lubricating system does not work, a pressure air source overflows through the second valve, and pressure lubricating oil overflows through a fourth valve. When the pressure of the lubricating system is lower than a certain value, the third valve and the first valve are opened, and the oil mist emergency lubricating system works. The air pump provides compressed air source for the emergency lubrication system, the second valve can adjust air supply pressure, and the first valve can be closed or opened according to system conditions. The oil pump provides pressure lubricating oil for emergency lubrication, and the fourth valve can adjust the oil supply pressure, so that different using methods can be adopted under different conditions, and the dry running time of the speed reducer can be effectively prolonged.

7. According to the oil mist emergency lubricating system provided by the invention, the air path and the oil path of the integrated base are respectively independent. The number of the integrated seats is set according to the number and the positions of emergency lubricating parts, and the integrated seats can be flexibly expanded according to requirements. The oil supply pipe and the air supply pipe are hollow thin-walled pipes, the inner diameter of the oil supply pipe and the inner diameter of the air supply pipe are matched with parameters of the emergency lubricating system, such as the length of a pipeline, the pressure of compressed gas, an atomizing nozzle structure and the like, and the oil supply pipe and the air supply pipe can be bent according to the requirements of installation positions. The minimum bending radius is matched with the outer diameters of the oil pipe and the air pipe, the device can be used under different conditions, and the application effect is better.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an oil mist emergency lubrication system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an oil mist emergency lubrication system provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a nozzle head as a single circular through hole;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle head as a single circular through hole;

fig. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a nozzle head as a plurality of circular through holes;

fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle head as a plurality of circular through holes;

fig. 8 shows a schematic configuration in which the nozzle head is in the shape of a bar;

fig. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle head in the form of a strip;

fig. 10 shows a schematic view of a conical nozzle head;

fig. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle head being conical.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a plug; 2. a first seal member; 3. an air supply port; 4. an oil supply port; 5. a housing; 6. a conduit; 7. connecting sleeves; 8. a nozzle head; 9. a gas supply pipe; 10. an air pump; 11. a first valve; 12. an integrated base; 13. an atomizing nozzle; 14. a second valve; 15. a lubricating oil pump; 16. a third valve; 17. a fourth valve; 18. an oil storage pool; 19. an oil supply pipe; 20. a second seal.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides an atomizing nozzle.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, an atomizing nozzle comprises: a housing 5, a conduit 6 and a nozzle head 8, wherein the housing 5 is provided with an air supply port 3 and an oil supply port 4; the guide pipe 6 is sleeved in the shell 5, an oil path channel is formed between the guide pipe 6 and the shell 5, the oil path channel is simultaneously communicated with the end part of the guide pipe 6 and the oil supply port 4, an air path channel is arranged in the guide pipe 6, the air path channel is simultaneously communicated with the end part of the guide pipe 6 and the air supply port 3, and compressed gas and lubricating oil are respectively introduced through the air path channel and the oil path channel and are mixed in a gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe 6; the nozzle head 8 is provided to penetrate the end of the conduit 6 and is adapted to discharge the compressed gas and the lubricant after mixing.

Specifically, gas is injected from the gas supply port 3, lubricating oil is injected from the oil supply port 4, the gas enters a gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe 6 through a gas passage in the guide pipe 6, the lubricating oil enters the gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe 6 through an oil passage between the guide pipe 6 and the shell 5, the lubricating oil and the compressed gas are fully mixed in the gas-liquid mixing cavity, the mixed gas and liquid are sprayed out through the nozzle head 8, uniform and fine atomization two-phase flow is generated to lubricate the key friction pair, and the average atomization diameter can reach below 20 mu m. The gas-liquid two-phase fluid has the advantages of good lubricating effect, low oil consumption, wide applicable lubricating oil viscosity range, maintenance of lubrication of friction parts and the like. In addition, the compressed air with small specific heat can take away heat generated by friction, so that the working temperature of a tooth surface or a bearing is reduced, and a certain inhibiting effect on temperature rise is effectively realized.

Wherein, the lubricating oil can be added with high-concentration phosphate ester additive, antiwear agent or other additives, and a protective film with lubricating effect is generated on the friction surface by utilizing the friction chemical reaction under the action of friction high temperature, so that the dry running capability of the gear or the bearing can be further improved.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in a preferred embodiment, the end of the conduit 6 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of through holes 9 for communicating the air passage channel, the oil passage channel and the gas-liquid mixing cavity.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a connecting sleeve 7 arranged between the end part of the conduit 6 and the nozzle head, a gas-liquid mixing cavity for communicating the end part of the conduit 6 with a communicating cavity of the nozzle head is arranged in the connecting sleeve 7, and the inner diameter of the communicating cavity is gradually reduced along the ejection direction of the oil gas so as to accelerate the flow rate of the mixed oil gas. Specifically, the communicating cavity comprises a first cylinder, a conical part and a second cylinder which are sequentially communicated, the inner diameter of the first cylinder is consistent with the inner diameter of the big end of the conical part, and the inner diameter of the second cylinder is consistent with the inner diameter of the small end of the conical part.

Specifically, the through hole 9 arranged at the tail end of the guide pipe 6 can mix compressed gas and lubricating oil, the inner side of the connecting sleeve 7 is gradually reduced along the airflow direction, so that the mixed oil gas is gathered and the flow velocity is accelerated, high-speed ejection is facilitated, and the connecting sleeve 7 can be in a parabola shape or other smooth transition streamline shapes.

In addition to the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the nozzle head 8 is provided with at least one nozzle hole, and the nozzle hole is any one of a circular shape, a bar shape, and a tapered shape.

Specifically, the nozzle head 8 may be different in shape depending on the shape of the lubricated spot and thus be provided in different shapes, and may be a single circular through hole (as shown in fig. 4 to 5), a plurality of circular through holes (as shown in fig. 6 to 7), a slotted groove (as shown in fig. 8 to 9), or a single fan-shaped groove (as shown in fig. 10 to 11), so that the atomization is formed in a circular shape, a wide-angle circular shape, or a fan shape. The number of the spray holes can be one or more, so that the spray holes can be suitable for different lubricating points, the nozzles can be flexibly arranged, and the limit of the structure of the speed reducer is small.

In addition to the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, a plug 1 is provided on the side of the conduit 6 away from the nozzle head 8, a first seal 2 is provided between the plug 1 and the housing 5, and a second seal 20 is provided between the conduit 6 and the housing 5.

Wherein, first sealing member 2 and second sealing member 20 can guarantee that compressed gas and lubricating oil can not leak, guarantee atomizing nozzle's result of use, and first sealing member 2 and second sealing member 20 are O shape circle, and O shape circle section structure is extremely simple, and has self-sealing effect, and sealing performance is reliable.

Example 2

The embodiment provides an oil mist emergency lubricating system, which comprises the atomizing nozzle provided in the embodiment, an air path component communicated with an air supply port 3 and an oil path component communicated with an oil supply port 4.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in a preferred embodiment, the air path assembly includes an air supply pipe 9 communicated with the air supply port 3, an air pump 10 and a first valve 11 provided on the air supply pipe 9, and a second valve 14 provided in parallel with the air pump 10; the oil passage assembly includes an oil supply pipe 19 communicating with the oil supply port 4 and an oil reservoir 18.

Specifically, to the system that the pipeline is comparatively simple or oil mist lubrication route is shorter, adopt atomizing nozzle, gas circuit subassembly and oil circuit subassembly matched with system, increase this system after, because the movable part still has the oil gas to lubricate and cool off, so can continuous operation longer time, if do not have this system, movable part such as bearing in the reduction gear, gear etc. will get into oil-free lubrication state fast, promptly emergency state, movable part will lose efficacy (if block dead) in short time (tens of minutes's rank) under this kind of state, utilize siphon principle to mix compressed air and lubricating oil, produce even, fine atomizing two-phase flow through atomizing nozzle and lubricate key friction pair, have the emergent lubrication point of arranging in a flexible way, and emergent live time advantage such as longer.

In addition to the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the fuel tank further includes an oil emergency module provided in the fuel supply pipe 19.

In addition to the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the oil line emergency module includes an oil pump 15 and a third valve 16 provided in the oil supply pipe 19, and a fourth valve 17 provided in parallel with the oil pump 15.

Specifically, for a system with a complex pipeline or a long oil mist lubrication path, an atomizing nozzle, an air path assembly, an oil path assembly and an oil path emergency system are adopted, when the speed reducer lubrication system works normally, the third valve 16 and the first valve 11 are closed, the oil mist emergency lubrication system does not work, a pressure air source overflows through the second valve 14, and pressure lubricating oil overflows through the fourth valve 17. When the lubrication system pressure is below a certain value, the third valve 16 and the first valve 11 are opened and the mist emergency lubrication system is active. The air pump 10 provides a compressed air source for the emergency lubrication system, the second valve 14 can adjust the air supply pressure, and the first valve 11 can be closed or opened according to the system condition. The oil pump 15 provides pressure lubricating oil for emergency lubrication, the fourth valve 17 can adjust the oil supply pressure, different using methods can be adopted under different conditions, and the dry running time of the speed reducer can be effectively prolonged.

On the basis of the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the integrated seat 12 connecting the oil supply pipe 19, the gas supply pipe 9 and the nozzle head 8 is further included.

Wherein, the integrated seat is connected with the atomizing nozzle through an oil supply pipe and an air supply pipe. The integration seat can also be connected with another integration seat through an oil supply pipe and an air supply pipe.

Specifically, the air passage and the oil passage of the integration seat 12 are independent, respectively. The number of the integration seats 12 is set according to the number and the positions of emergency lubrication parts, and can be flexibly expanded according to requirements. The oil supply pipe 19 and the air supply pipe 9 are hollow thin-walled pipes, the inner diameters of the oil supply pipe 19 and the air supply pipe 9 are matched with the parameters of the emergency lubricating system, such as the length of a pipeline, the pressure of compressed gas, an atomizing nozzle structure and the like, and the oil supply pipe 19 and the air supply pipe 9 can be bent according to the requirements of installation positions. The minimum bending radius is matched with the outer diameters of the oil supply pipe 19 and the air supply pipe 9, so that the device can be used under different conditions and has better application effect.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An atomizing nozzle, comprising:

the gas supply device comprises a shell (5), wherein the shell (5) is provided with a gas supply port (3) and a gas supply port (4);

the guide pipe (6) is sleeved in the shell (5), an oil path channel is formed between the guide pipe (6) and the shell (5), the oil path channel is communicated with the end part of the guide pipe (6) and the oil supply port (4) at the same time, an air path channel is arranged in the guide pipe (6), the air path channel is communicated with the end part of the guide pipe (6) and the air supply port (3) at the same time, and compressed gas and lubricating oil are introduced through the air path channel and the oil path channel respectively and are mixed in a gas-liquid mixing cavity at the end part of the guide pipe (6);

and a nozzle head (8) which is provided so as to penetrate the end of the conduit (6) and is adapted to discharge the compressed gas and the lubricant after mixing.

2. An atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of said conduit (6) is circumferentially provided with a plurality of through holes (9) for communicating said air passage, oil passage and air-liquid mixing chamber.

3. An atomizing nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a connecting sleeve (7) disposed between the end of said conduit (6) and the nozzle head, a gas-liquid mixing chamber for communicating the end of said conduit (6) with the nozzle head is disposed in said connecting sleeve (7), and the inner diameter of said communicating chamber is gradually reduced along the jetting direction of the oil gas to accelerate the flow rate of the mixed oil gas.

4. An atomising nozzle according to any of the claims 1-3, characterized in that the nozzle head (8) is provided with at least one nozzle hole, which is any of a circle, a strip or a cone.

5. Atomising nozzle according to any of the claims 1-3, characterised in that the side of the conduit (6) facing away from the nozzle head (8) is provided with a plug (1), that a first seal (2) is provided between the plug (1) and the housing (5), and that a second seal (20) is provided between the conduit (6) and the housing (5).

6. An oil mist emergency lubrication system, comprising:

an atomising nozzle as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 5, and an air passage assembly communicating with the air supply port (3) and an oil passage assembly communicating with the oil supply port (4).

7. The oil mist emergency lubrication system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the air path assembly comprises an air supply pipe (9) communicated with the air supply port (3), an air pump (10) and a first valve (11) provided on the air supply pipe (9), and a second valve (14) provided in parallel with the air pump (10); the oil way assembly comprises an oil supply pipe (19) and an oil storage pool (18) which are communicated with the oil supply port (4).

8. The oil mist emergency lubrication system as claimed in claim 7, further comprising an oil path emergency assembly provided on the oil supply pipe (19).

9. The oil mist emergency lubrication system according to claim 8, characterized in that the oil line emergency assembly comprises an oil pump (15) and a third valve (16) provided on the oil supply line (19), and a fourth valve (17) arranged in parallel with the oil pump (15).

10. The oil mist emergency lubrication system as claimed in claim 9, further comprising an integration seat (12) connecting the oil supply pipe (19), the air supply pipe (9) and the nozzle head (8).