CN115324876A - Compressed air energy storage and carbon capture coupling system - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage and carbon capture coupling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115324876A CN115324876A CN202211062838.4A CN202211062838A CN115324876A CN 115324876 A CN115324876 A CN 115324876A CN 202211062838 A CN202211062838 A CN 202211062838A CN 115324876 A CN115324876 A CN 115324876A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及压缩空气储能与碳捕集耦合系统，包括第一换热器、第一气液分离器、发动机、低压压缩机、高压压缩机、第二换热器、第三换热器、第一吸收塔、气体存储罐、第一水轮机、第二气液分离器、第一水泵、第二吸收塔、第二水轮机、第三气液分离器、第二水泵、气体回收压缩机、第四换热器、节流阀、第五换热器、高压涡轮机、第六换热器、低压涡轮机、发电机、第一蓄冷装置、第一油泵、第一蓄热装置、第二蓄热装置、第二油泵、第二蓄热装置以及第三油泵，本发明能够降低水资源消耗，对环境更加友好。
The invention relates to a compressed air energy storage and carbon capture coupling system, comprising a first heat exchanger, a first gas-liquid separator, an engine, a low-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, The first absorption tower, the gas storage tank, the first water turbine, the second gas-liquid separator, the first water pump, the second absorption tower, the second water turbine, the third gas-liquid separator, the second water pump, the gas recovery compressor, the first Four heat exchangers, throttle valve, fifth heat exchanger, high pressure turbine, sixth heat exchanger, low pressure turbine, generator, first cold storage device, first oil pump, first heat storage device, second heat storage device , the second oil pump, the second heat storage device and the third oil pump, the invention can reduce the consumption of water resources and is more friendly to the environment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种压缩空气储能与碳捕集耦合系统。The invention relates to a coupled system of compressed air energy storage and carbon capture.
背景技术Background technique
胺基溶剂吸收法应用范围广，吸收能力和反应性能好，但是存在设备腐蚀，再生能耗高，以及溶剂受SO2和O2影响导致降解等问题。吸附分离法再生能耗较低且具有可逆性，适合低浓度的CO2捕集，但是CO2捕集性能有待提高，在不同场景下需要考虑不同的吸附剂材料。膜分离法技术简单，能耗低且分离纯度较高，但是存在聚合物膜渗透性和选择性相互制约，性能受温度、压力条件影响等问题。低温分离法可以捕集和回收液态CO2,有利于CO2的运输和封存。但是其能耗高，只适用于高浓度和高压条件下的CO2捕集。传统的水基捕集法技术简单，对环境友好，但是其在CO2浓度较低时需水量大，能耗高，竞争力相对较弱。The amine-based solvent absorption method has a wide range of applications, good absorption capacity and reactivity, but there are problems such as equipment corrosion, high regeneration energy consumption, and solvent degradation caused by the influence of SO 2 and O 2 . Adsorption separation method has low regeneration energy consumption and is reversible, which is suitable for low-concentration CO2 capture, but the CO2 capture performance needs to be improved, and different adsorbent materials need to be considered in different scenarios. The membrane separation method is simple in technology, low in energy consumption and high in separation purity, but there are problems such as the mutual restriction of polymer membrane permeability and selectivity, and the performance is affected by temperature and pressure conditions. The cryogenic separation method can capture and recover liquid CO 2 , which is beneficial to the transportation and storage of CO 2 . However, its energy consumption is high, and it is only suitable for CO2 capture under high concentration and high pressure conditions. The traditional water-based capture method is simple in technology and friendly to the environment, but it needs a lot of water, high energy consumption and relatively weak competitiveness when the CO2 concentration is low.
鉴于此，本案发明人对上述问题进行深入研究，遂有本案产生。In view of this, the inventor of this case conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned problem, and then this case was produced.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够降低水资源消耗、对环境友好的压缩空气储能与碳捕集耦合系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environment-friendly compressed air energy storage and carbon capture coupling system capable of reducing water resource consumption.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用这样的技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts such technical scheme:
压缩空气储能与碳捕集耦合系统，包括第一换热器、第一气液分离器、发动机、低压压缩机、高压压缩机、第二换热器、第三换热器、第一吸收塔、气体存储罐、第一水轮机、第二气液分离器、第一水泵、第二吸收塔、第二水轮机、第三气液分离器、第二水泵、气体回收压缩机、第四换热器、节流阀、第五换热器、高压涡轮机、第六换热器、低压涡轮机、发电机、第一蓄冷装置、第一油泵、第一蓄热装置、第二蓄热装置、第二油泵、第二蓄热装置以及第三油泵，第一换热器的进气口连接至电厂的烟气排出口，第一换热器的出气口连接至第一气液分离器的进气口，第一气液分离器的出气口连接至低压压缩机的进气口，低压压缩机的出气口连接至第二换热器的进气口，第二换热器的出气口连接至高压压缩机的进气口，高压压缩机的出气口连至接第三换热器的进气口，第三换热器的出气口连接至第一吸收塔的进气口，第一吸收塔的出气口连接至气体存储罐，第一吸收塔的出液口通过第一水轮机连接至第二气液分离器的进液口，第二气液分离器的出气口连接至第二吸收塔的进气口，第二气液分离器的出液口通过第一水泵连接至第一吸收塔的进液口，第二吸收塔的出气口连接至气体回收压缩机的进气口，第二吸收塔的出液口通过第二水轮机连接至第三气液分离器的进液口，第三气液分离器的出液口通过第二水泵连接至第二吸收塔的进液口，第二吸收塔的出气口连接至第四换热器的进气口，第四换热器的出气口连接至气体存储罐，第四换热器的进液口与第二蓄冷装置的出液口连接，第四换热器的出液口与第二蓄热装置的进液口连接，气体储存罐通过节流阀与第五换热器的进气口连接，第五换热器的出气口与高压涡轮机的进气口连接，高压涡轮机的出气口与第六换热器的进气口连接，第六换热器的出气口与低压涡轮机的进气口连接，发电机、低压涡轮机以及高压涡轮机传动连接，发动机、低压压缩机以及高压压缩机传动连接，发电机、低压涡轮机以及高压涡轮机传动连接，第二换热器的进液口和第三换热器的进液口均与第一蓄冷装置的出液口连接，第二换热器的出液口和第三换热器的出液口均与第一蓄热装置的进液口连接，第五换热器的进液口和第六进液口均与第一蓄热装置的出液口连接，第五换热器的出液口和第六换热器的出液口均与第一蓄冷装置的进液口连接。A coupled system for compressed air energy storage and carbon capture, including a first heat exchanger, a first gas-liquid separator, an engine, a low-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a first absorption Tower, gas storage tank, first water turbine, second gas-liquid separator, first water pump, second absorption tower, second water turbine, third gas-liquid separator, second water pump, gas recovery compressor, fourth heat exchange device, throttle valve, fifth heat exchanger, high-pressure turbine, sixth heat exchanger, low-pressure turbine, generator, first cold storage device, first oil pump, first heat storage device, second heat storage device, second The oil pump, the second heat storage device and the third oil pump, the air inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas outlet of the power plant, and the air outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the first gas-liquid separator , the outlet of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure compressor, the outlet of the low-pressure compressor is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure compressor The air inlet of the machine, the air outlet of the high-pressure compressor is connected to the air inlet of the third heat exchanger, the air outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the first absorption tower, and the outlet of the first absorption tower The gas port is connected to the gas storage tank, the liquid outlet of the first absorption tower is connected to the liquid inlet of the second gas-liquid separator through the first water turbine, and the gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the second absorption tower port, the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the liquid inlet of the first absorption tower through the first water pump, the gas outlet of the second absorption tower is connected to the air inlet of the gas recovery compressor, the second absorption tower The liquid outlet is connected to the liquid inlet of the third gas-liquid separator through the second water turbine, and the liquid outlet of the third gas-liquid separator is connected to the liquid inlet of the second absorption tower through the second water pump. The gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger, the gas outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the gas storage tank, the liquid inlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the liquid outlet of the second cold storage device, and the fourth The liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the liquid inlet of the second heat storage device, the gas storage tank is connected to the air inlet of the fifth heat exchanger through a throttle valve, and the gas outlet of the fifth heat exchanger is connected to the high pressure turbine The air inlet is connected, the air outlet of the high-pressure turbine is connected with the air inlet of the sixth heat exchanger, the air outlet of the sixth heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the low-pressure turbine, the generator, the low-pressure turbine and the high-pressure turbine are connected by transmission, The engine, the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor are connected in transmission, the generator, the low-pressure turbine and the high-pressure turbine are connected in transmission, and the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger and the liquid inlet of the third heat exchanger are connected with the outlet of the first cold storage device. Liquid port connection, the liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger and the liquid outlet of the third heat exchanger are connected with the liquid inlet of the first heat storage device, the liquid inlet of the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth liquid inlet The outlets are all connected to the liquid outlet of the first heat storage device, and the liquid outlets of the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger are connected to the liquid inlet of the first cold storage device.
作为本发明的优选方式，所述第一蓄冷装置通过第一油泵与所述第二换热器的进液口和所述第三换热器的进液口均连接。As a preferred mode of the present invention, the first cold storage device is connected to both the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger and the liquid inlet of the third heat exchanger through a first oil pump.
作为本发明的优选方式，所述第一蓄热装置的出液口通过第三油泵与所述第五换热器的进液口和所述第六换热器的进液口均连接。As a preferred mode of the present invention, the liquid outlet of the first heat storage device is connected to both the liquid inlet of the fifth heat exchanger and the liquid inlet of the sixth heat exchanger through a third oil pump.
作为本发明的优选方式，所述第四换热器的进液口通过第二油泵与所述第二蓄冷装置的进液口连接。As a preferred mode of the present invention, the liquid inlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the liquid inlet of the second cold storage device through a second oil pump.
采用本发明的技术方案后，具有如下的有益效果：After adopting the technical scheme of the present invention, it has the following beneficial effects:
1、工业上常用的胺基溶剂碳捕集法，能耗高，会造成设备腐蚀，溶剂降解等问题，本专利使用水基碳捕集法，技术简单，对环境友好。1. The amine-based solvent carbon capture method commonly used in industry has high energy consumption and will cause problems such as equipment corrosion and solvent degradation. This patent uses a water-based carbon capture method, which is simple in technology and friendly to the environment.
2、传统的水基碳捕集法，由于在常压下直接捕集CO2，对水资源的需求很大。本专利使用加压循环水吸收CO2，再通过降压将CO2挥发出来，通过水泵和水轮机循环利用，大大减少了水资源的消耗。2. The traditional water-based carbon capture method requires a lot of water resources because it directly captures CO 2 under normal pressure. This patent uses pressurized circulating water to absorb CO 2 , then volatilizes the CO 2 by reducing the pressure, and recycles it through water pumps and water turbines, greatly reducing the consumption of water resources.
3、传统的压缩空气储能充电过程中的压缩热被导热油吸收后用于在放电过程给气体预热以提高循环效率。本专利由于充电过程中捕集CO2，在气体储存罐的体积一定时，充电过程中会有更多的压缩热被导热油吸收。蓄热装置的热量除了供给给放电过程预热气体之外，还可用于加热居民生活用水，实现热电联产，多效利用。3. The heat of compression in the traditional compressed air energy storage charging process is absorbed by the heat transfer oil and used to preheat the gas during the discharge process to improve cycle efficiency. Since the patent captures CO 2 during the charging process, when the volume of the gas storage tank is constant, more heat of compression will be absorbed by the heat transfer oil during the charging process. In addition to supplying the heat of the heat storage device to preheat the gas during the discharge process, it can also be used to heat the domestic water for residents, realizing cogeneration of heat and power, and multi-effect utilization.
4、传统的单独压缩空气储能只能达到储能的目的，只有单一的效益。本专利将压缩空气储能与碳捕集耦合，再为电厂剩余电力储能调峰的同时还能捕集电厂排放的CO2，减少环境影响，使系统更有应用价值。4. The traditional single compressed air energy storage can only achieve the purpose of energy storage, and has only a single benefit. This patent couples compressed air energy storage with carbon capture, and then stores and peaks the remaining power of the power plant while also capturing CO 2 emitted by the power plant, reducing environmental impact and making the system more valuable.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的系统流程图。Fig. 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
1-第一换热器；2-第一气液分离器；3-发动机；4-低压压缩机；5-第二换热器；6-高压压缩机；7-第三换热器；8-第一吸收塔；9-气体储存罐；10-第一水轮机；11-第二气液分离器；12-第一水泵；13-第二吸收塔；14-第二水轮机；15-第三气液分离器；16-第二水泵；17-气体回收压缩机；18-第四换热器；19-节流阀；20-第五换热器；21-高压涡轮机；22-第六换热器；23-低压涡轮机；24-发电机；25-第一蓄冷装置；26-第一油泵；27-第一蓄热装置，28-第二蓄冷装置，29-第二油泵；30-第二蓄热装置；31-第三油泵1-first heat exchanger; 2-first gas-liquid separator; 3-engine; 4-low pressure compressor; 5-second heat exchanger; 6-high pressure compressor; 7-third heat exchanger; 8 -the first absorption tower; 9-gas storage tank; 10-the first water turbine; 11-the second gas-liquid separator; 12-the first water pump; 13-the second absorption tower; 14-the second water turbine; 15-the third Gas-liquid separator; 16-second water pump; 17-gas recovery compressor; 18-fourth heat exchanger; 19-throttle valve; 20-fifth heat exchanger; 21-high pressure turbine; 22-sixth exchanger Heater; 23-low pressure turbine; 24-generator; 25-first cold storage device; 26-first oil pump; 27-first heat storage device, 28-second cold storage device, 29-second oil pump; 30-the first Second heat storage device; 31-third oil pump
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案，下面结合实施例进行详细阐述。In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the following will be described in detail in conjunction with the examples.
参照图1，压缩空气储能和碳捕集耦合系统，通过压缩机组来辅助加压电厂排放的烟气，提高烟气中CO2在水中的溶解度，能够有效的降低水基碳捕集法的能耗，提高经济效益。该系统利用电厂剩余电力来驱动压缩机，在进行碳捕集的同时也可以储存电力，提高电厂的发电灵活性。Referring to Figure 1, the coupled system of compressed air energy storage and carbon capture, through the compressor unit to assist the pressurization of flue gas emitted by the power plant, increases the solubility of CO 2 in water in the flue gas, and can effectively reduce the cost of water-based carbon capture. energy consumption and improve economic efficiency. The system uses the surplus power of the power plant to drive the compressor, and can also store electricity while capturing carbon, increasing the power generation flexibility of the power plant.
电厂排出的烟气主要由H2O、CO2、N2、O2组成。高温高湿的烟气直接引入压缩机组时，会造成较大的能耗。因此，需要在烟气进入压缩机组之前进行预处理。电厂烟气(322.15K,100kPa)首先在第一换热器1中冷却至接近环境温度。然后，烟气中的饱和水转化为液相从第一分离器2中排出，剩下富含CO2的空气被送至压缩机组进行压缩。The flue gas discharged from the power plant is mainly composed of H 2 O, CO 2 , N 2 , and O 2 . When the high-temperature and high-humidity flue gas is directly introduced into the compressor unit, it will cause large energy consumption. Therefore, pretreatment is required before the flue gas enters the compressor unit. The power plant flue gas (322.15K, 100kPa) is first cooled to close to ambient temperature in the first heat exchanger 1 . Then, the saturated water in the flue gas is converted into a liquid phase and discharged from the first separator 2, and the remaining CO2 -rich air is sent to the compressor unit for compression.
在烟气压缩过程(充电过程)中，发电厂产生的剩余电力用于给发动机3供电，用以驱动2级压缩机组(低压压缩机4和高压压缩机6)。每次压缩后，使用导热油来从第二换热器5和第三换热器7中吸收被压缩的富含CO2的空气中的热量。导热油从第一蓄冷装置25被第一油泵26内送到每个换热器中，经过换热后再储存在第一蓄热装置27内。被压缩的富含CO2的空气在第三换热器7中冷却到接近环境温度后，进入第一吸收塔8进行CO2吸收捕集过程。During the flue gas compression process (charging process), the surplus power generated by the power plant is used to power the engine 3 to drive the 2-stage compressor unit (low-pressure compressor 4 and high-pressure compressor 6). After each compression, heat transfer oil is used to absorb heat from the compressed CO2 -enriched air from the second heat exchanger 5 and the third heat exchanger 7. The heat transfer oil is sent from the first cold storage device 25 to each heat exchanger by the first oil pump 26 , and is stored in the first heat storage device 27 after heat exchange. The compressed CO2 -enriched air is cooled to close to ambient temperature in the third heat exchanger 7, and then enters the first absorption tower 8 for the CO2 absorption and capture process.
CO2吸收过程分为两个阶段。在第一阶段，来自第三热交换器7的富含CO2的高压空气与第一吸收塔8内的循环水充分接触。富含CO2空气中的大部分CO2和少量N2、O2溶解在循环水中，因此水中CO2的质量分数高于其他气体的质量分数。未溶解的高压气体则送入气体储存罐9内储存，用以在合适的时候释放出来在涡轮机中膨胀发电。溶解N2、O2、CO2混合气体的循环水流入第一水轮机10膨胀降压并发电回收一部分电力。压力下降导致气体的溶解度降低，这会让一部分气体从循环水中释放出来。挥发的气体(N2、O2、CO2)和循环水在第二气液分离器11中分离，然后循环水被第一水泵12加压后流入第一吸收塔8内重复吸收过程。挥发气体中CO2的质量分数高于压缩机组中富含CO2的空气。为了进一步富集CO2，采用相同的操作引入第二阶段。在这一阶段，第二吸收塔13内未溶解的气体被气体回收压缩机17压缩和第四换热器18冷却后送到气体储存罐9内储存，热量储存在第二蓄热装置30中。高纯度的CO2从第三气液分离器15中排出，通过现有的矿物碳化或其他碳存储技术进行封存。The CO2 absorption process is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the high pressure air enriched in CO from the third heat exchanger 7 is in full contact with the circulating water in the first absorption tower 8 . Most of the CO 2 and a small amount of N 2 and O 2 in the CO 2 -rich air are dissolved in the circulating water, so the mass fraction of CO 2 in the water is higher than that of other gases. The undissolved high-pressure gas is then sent to the gas storage tank 9 for storage, and is used to be released at an appropriate time to expand and generate electricity in the turbine. The circulating water in which the mixed gas of N 2 , O 2 , and CO 2 is dissolved flows into the first water turbine 10 to expand and depressurize, generate electricity and recover a part of electricity. The pressure drop causes the solubility of the gas to decrease, which allows some of the gas to be released from the circulating water. The volatilized gas (N 2 , O 2 , CO 2 ) and circulating water are separated in the second gas-
储存在气体储存罐9内的高压气体在电力需求高峰期(放电过程)释放出来，将压能转换为电能，辅助电厂供电，平衡电网负载。气体储存罐9内的压力会随着气体排放而降低，因此需要节流阀19来保持气体进入涡轮机的压力恒定。节流后的气体在进入高压涡轮机21和低压涡轮机23内膨胀之前会通过第五换热器20和第六换热器22换热，吸收来自第一蓄热装置27内导热油的热量，提高涡轮机进口气体温度，增加涡轮机的输出功。经过换热后的导热油流入第一蓄冷装置25内储存，用以循环利用。两级涡轮机组驱动发电机24发电，向电网输出电力。The high-pressure gas stored in the gas storage tank 9 is released during the peak period of power demand (discharge process), and the pressure energy is converted into electric energy, which assists the power plant in power supply and balances the grid load. The pressure in the gas storage tank 9 will drop as the gas is discharged, so a throttle valve 19 is required to keep the pressure of the gas entering the turbine constant. The throttled gas will exchange heat through the fifth heat exchanger 20 and the sixth heat exchanger 22 before entering the high-pressure turbine 21 and the low-
为了解决现有工业CO2捕集和封存技术的捕集过程中能耗高的问题，我们提出使用水基捕集和压缩空气储能结合的方法，对燃煤电厂排放烟气中的CO2进行捕集和封存。水基捕集法的能耗依赖于CO2在水中的溶解度，通过引入压缩空气储能技术，利用电厂剩余电力来驱动压缩机组，将烟气提升到7.5MPa的高压下，相应地CO2的分压力也随之提升。在电厂烟气浓度的限制下，CO2分压力的提升也会提高其在水中的溶解度，减小了捕集CO2的能耗。未被吸收的气体储存在气体储存罐9内，在电网用电高峰期释放出来驱动涡轮机组发电，以平衡电网负载。此外，传统的水基捕集法的需水量很大，本专利根据气体压力差而形成的溶解度差来捕集CO2，在高压下溶解CO2，再通过降压将CO2分离出来，采用水泵和水轮机来实现循环水的升压和降压过程，极大的减少了对水资源的需求，提高了系统的经济效益。In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption in the capture process of existing industrial CO 2 capture and storage technologies, we propose a combination of water-based capture and compressed air energy storage for the CO 2 capture and storage. The energy consumption of the water-based capture method depends on the solubility of CO 2 in water. By introducing compressed air energy storage technology, the surplus power of the power plant is used to drive the compressor unit, and the flue gas is raised to a high pressure of 7.5MPa. The corresponding CO 2 The sub-pressure also increases. Under the limitation of flue gas concentration in power plants, the increase of CO 2 partial pressure will also increase its solubility in water and reduce the energy consumption of CO 2 capture. The unabsorbed gas is stored in the gas storage tank 9, and released during the peak period of power consumption of the power grid to drive the turbine unit to generate electricity to balance the load of the power grid. In addition, the traditional water-based capture method requires a lot of water. This patent captures CO 2 according to the solubility difference formed by the gas pressure difference, dissolves CO 2 under high pressure, and then separates CO 2 by reducing the pressure. Water pumps and turbines are used to realize the process of increasing and reducing the pressure of circulating water, which greatly reduces the demand for water resources and improves the economic benefits of the system.
本发明的产品形式并非限于本案实施例，任何人对其进行类似思路的适当变化或修饰，皆应视为不脱离本发明的专利范畴。The product form of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of this case, and anyone who makes appropriate changes or modifications of similar ideas to it shall be deemed as not departing from the scope of the patent of the present invention.
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