CN115323768A - Breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115323768A
CN115323768A CN202211139041.XA CN202211139041A CN115323768A CN 115323768 A CN115323768 A CN 115323768A CN 202211139041 A CN202211139041 A CN 202211139041A CN 115323768 A CN115323768 A CN 115323768A
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Prior art keywords
fabric
breathable
fiber
sensor
conductive film
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CN202211139041.XA
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Inventor
刘阳
徐子骏
程博闻
江红
徐柏青
徐桂明
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Shenzhen Changshuo New Textile Materials Co ltd
Jiangxi Changshuo Outdoor Leisure Product Co ltd
Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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Shenzhen Changshuo New Textile Materials Co ltd
Jiangxi Changshuo Outdoor Leisure Product Co ltd
Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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Application filed by Shenzhen Changshuo New Textile Materials Co ltd, Jiangxi Changshuo Outdoor Leisure Product Co ltd, Tianjin University of Science and Technology filed Critical Shenzhen Changshuo New Textile Materials Co ltd
Priority to CN202211139041.XA priority Critical patent/CN115323768A/en
Publication of CN115323768A publication Critical patent/CN115323768A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/080668 priority patent/WO2024060525A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/12—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/06—Inorganic compounds or elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/38—Polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
    • D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties

Abstract

The invention discloses a breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric and a preparation method thereof. The nano conductive active material is adsorbed on the surface of the elastic fabric material by utilizing the good and strong action between the nano conductive active material and the elastic fabric material, and a hydrophobic layer is formed on the surface by hydrophobic modification. The nano conductive active material provides a conductive network, so that the device has lower square resistance; the elastic fabric material ensures that the device has a larger working range and good air permeability; the hydrophobic layer ensures that the device has better water washing resistance. The obtained breathable washable wearable fabric sensor has the characteristics of large working range, high sensitivity, high air permeability, good washing resistance, long service life and the like, and has a huge application prospect in the fields of exercise and fitness equipment such as yoga clothes, sports pants and the like and swimming sports equipment such as swimsuits, swimming pants and the like.

Description

Breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible wearable fabric sensors, relates to the technical field of flexible conductive materials and printed electronic products, and particularly relates to a fabric-based breathable washable wearable sensor and a preparation method thereof. The method is mainly used for detecting the human motion information. Has huge application prospect in the field of exercise and fitness equipment such as yoga clothes, sportswear, sports bracelets, swimsuits, swimming trunks and the like.
Background
With the popularization of flexible electronic devices, flexible wearable fabric sensors have attracted extensive attention. In the field of flexible wearable equipment, the characteristics of 'no feel', 'high elasticity', 'refreshing' and 'soft' can increase the comfort and the aesthetic feeling of a wearer, and are important characteristics of future sensors, and the fabric can meet the requirements. Therefore, the development of flexible wearable fabric sensors is of great significance.
However, the search by researchers for flexible wearable fabric sensors to date is still not ideal in terms of large working range, water wash resistance, breathability. The working range is too small to meet the requirements of practical application, and poor washing resistance can result in the reduction of sensing performance after washing for several times, and poor air permeability can reduce the comfort level of a wearer.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN111678623A provides an ultra-long life self-repairing stress sensor based on a printable nanocomposite and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of compounding one-dimensional metal nanowires, two-dimensional inorganic nanosheets, polymer materials containing host-guest interaction, corresponding high-boiling-point solvents and the like to prepare nanocomposite colloidal ink with rheological characteristics, and preparing the stress sensor with in-situ self-repairing capability and long cycle service life by a screen printing method. In the working process of the sensor, the contained host-guest polymer material can repair the defects generated inside in real time and in situ, and the service life of the material is greatly prolonged. Meanwhile, the sensor has the characteristics of working strain range of more than 50%, sensitivity gauge factor of more than 100, strong self-repairing capability and strong sweat interference resistance. The preparation is simple, and the method is used in the fields of intelligent wearable devices and the like.
For example, a fabric resistance sensor is disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 204757997U. The working range of the fabric resistance sensor is only 10%.
Non-patent document 1 (Journal of materials science, 2018, 53 (12): 9026-9033) describes a stretchable, wearable strain sensor prepared by integrating a conductive graphene network on a spandex/nylon fabric. The working range of the strain sensor is 40.6%, and the highest sensitivity can reach 18.6. However, the strain sensor was not further investigated in terms of water washing resistance.
Non-patent document 2 (Fibers and Polymers, 2019, 20 (3): 562-568) describes a strain fabric sensor prepared by electroless plating of Ni-P on the surface of polyester and polyester/spandex woven fabrics. The presence of an amorphous layer consisting of Ni and phosphorus atoms on the surface of the strain fabric sensor makes the sensor have good hydrophobicity with a contact angle greater than 140 °. However, the porosity of the strain fabric sensor is reduced due to the wrapping of Ni and P atoms, and the air permeability of the strain fabric sensor is further reduced.
While fabric sensors with a large working range, good wash-out resistance and high air permeability have not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to: the utility model provides a ventilative resistant washing wearable sensor based on fabric, when satisfying the sensor sensitivity, have resistant washing, dress comfortable characteristics.
Yet another object of the present invention is to: the preparation method of the breathable washable wearable sensor based on the fabric is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric, which comprises fabric and a nano conductive layer, wherein elastic fabric is used as a substrate material, a nano conductive active layer is attached to the surface of the substrate material, a hydrophobic layer is arranged on the surface of the substrate material, and the washing resistant frequency is not lower than 25 times; the working range is not less than 100%; under the strain of more than 40 percent, the service life is not less than 500 times; the air permeability is not less than 100 mm/s; the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is greater than 90 deg..
According to the invention, a nano conductive active material is adsorbed on an elastic fabric substrate material, and a hydrophobic layer is formed on the surface of the elastic fabric substrate material, so that the breathable washable wearable fabric sensor has lower square resistance; the elastic fabric substrate provides a large working range and good breathability; the hydrophobic layer improves the water washing resistance of the sensor, and the obtained water-washing-resistant breathable wearable fabric sensor has the characteristics of large working range (> 100%), high sensitivity (> 40), high air permeability (> 100 mm/s), good water washing resistance (washing times exceed 25) and good tensile stability (under the condition of strain of more than 40%, the service life exceeds 500) and the like.
On the basis of the scheme, the base material comprises:
diene elastic fiber, polyurethane fiber, polyether ester elastic fiber, polyolefin elastic fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, natural latex yarn, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and aramid fiber, or their mixture: and/or
One or two of cotton and kapok; and/or
Bast fiber: and/or
One or more of flax, hemp, apocynum venetum, ramie and sisal; and/or
One or more of sheep wool, cashmere, rabbit hair, camel hair, yak hair and/or alpaca animal hair; and/or
Glandular secretions of mulberry silk and/or tussah silks: and/or
Regenerating fibers; and/or
One or more of viscose fiber, acetate fiber, lyocell fiber, modal fiber, cuprammonium fiber, soybean fiber, and corn fiber.
Further, the weaving mode of the elastic fabric substrate material refers to that: knitting: warp knitting and weft knitting; weaving: one of plain weave, twill weave and satin weave.
On the basis of the scheme, the nano conductive active layer is a film formed by nano conductive active materials, wherein the nano conductive active materials are as follows:
zero-dimensional metal nanoparticles, one of gold, silver, copper, iron, chromium, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, platinum, gallium, indium, gallium-indium alloy and gallium-indium-tin alloy metal nanoparticles, with the particle size of 1-1000 nm; and/or
One-dimensional metal nanowires, wherein the metal nanowires are one of gold, silver, copper, iron, nickel, platinum, palladium and aluminum, the diameter of the metal nanowires is 1-300 nm, and the length of the metal nanowires is 2-100 μm; and/or
Graphene, graphene oxide, molybdenum disulfide and two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride (MXene), wherein the two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride has a two-dimensional structure similar to graphene and has a chemical general formula of M n+1 X n T z N = 1, 2, 3, wherein M is an early transition metal element, X is carbon or nitrogen, T is a surface-linked-F, -OH reactive functional group, including Ti 2 C、Ti 3 C 2 、Ti 3 CN、V 2 C、Nb 2 C、TiNbC、Nb 4 C 3 、Ta 4 C 3 、(Ti 0.5 Nb 0.5 ) 2 C or (V) 0.5 Cr 0.5 ) 3 C 2 One of the phases.
On the basis of the scheme, the hydrophobic layer is one or more of a graft copolymerization layer, a sol-gel deposition layer, a dip coating deposition layer, a spray deposition layer, a coating layer after plasma treatment, a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) layer, an in-situ nano-particle growth layer or a silanization layer formed by adopting a hydrophobic modifier.
Further, the hydrophobic modifier is: silicone resin: polyalkyl silicone resins, polyaryl silicone resins, polyalkyl aryl silicone resins; silane coupling agent: KH-570 (gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), a fluorosilane coupling agent (heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane), trichloromethylsilane, trichloro (1H, 2H-perfluorooctyl) silane (PFOTS); metal oxide nanoparticles: oxides of nickel, chromium, iron, zinc, titanium, platinum, magnesium, copper; metal complexes of long chain fatty acids: stearic acid chromium oxide complex, water-proofing agents CR, AC, AZ, and the like; long chain fatty chain quaternary amine compound: water repellent PF (stearylamide picoline chloride); methyl hydrogen polysiloxane, ethyl hydrogen silicone oil, dimethyl hydrogen polysiloxane, acrylic fluorine-containing polymer, and polyurethane.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the breathable washable wearable sensor based on the fabric, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a conductive material dispersion liquid, and adsorbing a conductive material on the surface of the elastic fabric material by adopting a printing or suction filtration method to form a conductive film to obtain a conductive fabric;
(2) And (2) carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1), and carrying out hydrophobic modification by adopting a hydrophobic modifier to obtain the breathable washable fabric sensor.
Among them, it is preferable that,
in the step (1), the printing method is as follows: screen printing, ink jet printing, blade coating, dip coating, meyer rod coating, spray coating, slot coating, direct writing printing.
In the step (2), the hydrophobic modification comprises the following steps: graft copolymerization, sol-gel deposition, dip coating deposition, spray deposition, plasma treatment and coating, chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), in situ nanoparticle growth.
The action mechanism of the breathable washable wearable fabric sensor is as follows: the nano conductive active material has good and strong effects on the elastic fabric material, such as hydrogen bond effect; the elastic fabric material has good tensile property and larger porosity, and provides larger working range and high air permeability; the nano conductive active material is adsorbed on the surface of the elastic fabric material to form a conductive active layer, and the resistance is increased due to the phenomena of slippage, cracks and the like generated among the nano conductive active materials in the stretching process; the surface is subjected to hydrophobic modification to form a hydrophobic layer, so that the water repellency of the sensor is improved, and the effect of water washing resistance is achieved.
The invention also provides application of the breathable washable wearable fabric sensor, which is tightly attached to the skin when being worn to detect human motion signals, including bending strain signals of fingers or knees; or the method is used for intelligent products such as electronic skins, bionic robots and the like.
Furthermore, the multifunctional fitness equipment is used for running and fitness equipment including yoga clothes, close-fitting sportswear and close-fitting sportswear, swimming equipment including swimsuits and swimming trunks, electronic skin and bionic robot intelligent products.
Furthermore, the breathable and washable wearable fabric sensor is close to the skin when being worn and used, and is used for detecting human motion signals, such as strain signals of fingers or knees.
Further, wearable fabric sensor of ventilative resistant washing not only can be used for running body-building equipment such as yoga clothes, close-fitting motion trousers and swim motion equipment such as swimsuit, swimming trunks, detects human motion signal, can be used for novel products such as electron skin, bionic robot moreover.
The invention discloses a breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric, which mainly comprises: the conductive active layer and the hydrophobic layer are composed of an elastic fabric substrate material and a nano conductive active material. The wearable sensor has: large stretch range (> 100%), high sensitivity (> 40) high air permeability (> 100 mm/s), good water wash resistance (wash times over 25) and long service life. The device has good linear relation of working curves and good stretching repeatability, can detect weak signals such as human body pulse and the like and large deformation such as joints and the like, and can provide good comfort for a wearer due to high air permeability, which cannot be achieved by most of current sensors. The sensor of the present invention has the following characteristics:
the washing-resistant detergent has good washing resistance, and the washing times exceed 25 times;
the sensor has good sensing performance: the sensitivity is more than 40; the working range is more than 100 percent; and the service life exceeds 500 times under the strain of more than 40 percent;
has good air permeability: air permeability >100 mm/s;
has good water resistance: the contact angle is greater than 90 deg..
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air permeable, water-fast wearable fabric sensor;
fig. 2 working curves of the breathable and water-fast wearable fabric sensor of example 1;
figure 3 life time of air permeable washable wearable fabric sensor of example 1;
figure 4 contact angle of breathable water-fast wearable fabric sensor of example 1;
figure 5 example 3 product of breathable washable wearable fabric sensor.
Detailed Description
Preparing a material collecting: sucking a certain amount of conductive material, preparing the conductive material into dispersion liquid, fully and uniformly mixing, for example, uniformly dispersing the conductive material by adopting ultrasonic oscillation, high-speed stirring and the like, and adsorbing the conductive material on the surface of the elastic fabric material by adopting a printing or suction filtration method to form a conductive film.
Example 1
A wearable sensor based on fabric and breathable and washable is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1, and comprises an elastic fabric as a base material, from inside to outside: the fabric fiber bundle 1, the nano conductive active layer 2 and the surface hydrophobic layer 3 are prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing 100 mL aqueous dispersion with the concentration of 10 mg/mL two-dimensional transition metal carbide (MXene), ultrasonically oscillating to uniformly disperse the aqueous dispersion, soaking a base material of polyester/spandex fabric with the elastic fiber fabric size of 5 multiplied by 2 cm in the MXene aqueous dispersion for 30 min, drying at 60 ℃, and coating the fabric fiber with the nano conductive active layer 2 to obtain an MXene conductive film of a fabric base;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): placing the MXene conductive film obtained in the step (1) into a plasma cleaning machine, and treating the MXene conductive film for 90 min by using oxygen plasma with the power of 150W to complete hydrophobic modification to obtain the MXene conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma;
(3) And (3) dropping 100 mu L of perfluorooctane sulfonyl compound (PFOTS) solution on a glass sheet, placing the glass sheet and the MXene conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma in the step (2) in a vacuum drying pot, and treating 4 h at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain the breathable water-washing-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
The working curve of the breathable washable wearable fabric sensor is shown in figure 2;
figure 4 contact angle of breathable water-fast wearable fabric sensor of example 1;
the washing times are not less than 25; the working range is not less than 100%;
as shown in fig. 3, under 50% strain, the service life is not less than 1000 times, and the service life is long; the air permeability is not less than 100 mm/s; .
Testing the contact angle of the breathable washable wearable fabric sensor obtained in the step (3) by using a VAC optima static contact angle tester, wherein the contact angle can reach 124.6 degrees and the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is large as shown in figure 4; and (4) testing the air permeability of the air-permeable washable wearable fabric sensor obtained in the step (3) by using a 4110N air permeability tester, wherein the air permeability can reach 866.68 mm/s.
Example 2
A wearable fabric-based breathable and water-fast sensor is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing 5 mL silver nanowire/ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 8 mg/mL, performing ultrasonic oscillation to enable the dispersion liquid to be uniformly dispersed, printing the dispersion liquid on a substrate material by using 4 x 2 cm spandex/cotton cloth as the substrate material in an ink-jet printing mode, drying at 80 ℃, and repeatedly operating for 3 times to obtain the silver nanowire conductive film with the fabric substrate;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): weighing 100 mL and 10 wt% polyurethane A85/DMF solution, soaking the silver nanowire conductive film obtained in the step (1) for 20 min, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the breathable water-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
Example 3
A wearable fabric-based breathable and washable sensor, as shown in fig. 5, prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing 10 mL and 6 mg/mL graphene/DMF dispersion liquid, performing ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the dispersion liquid, taking cotton/polyester/polyurethane fabric 1 'as a base material, performing screen printing on the dispersion liquid on the base material by using a screen printer, drying at 50 ℃, and repeating the operation for 5 times to obtain the graphene conductive film 2' of the fabric base;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): weighing 100 mL and 15 wt% polyurethane A65/DMF solution, soaking the graphene conductive film obtained in the step (1) for 15 min, and drying at 70 ℃ to form a surface hydrophobic layer 3', so as to obtain the breathable water-washing-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
Example 4
A fabric-based breathable, water-fast wearable sensor prepared by the steps of:
(1) Weighing 50 mL with the concentration of 4 mg/mL copper nanowire/water dispersion, performing ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the copper nanowire/water dispersion, performing suction filtration on cotton/polyester cloth by using a vacuum suction filter, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain a fabric substrate to obtain the copper nanowire conductive film;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): putting the copper nanowire conductive film obtained in the step (1) into a plasma cleaning machine, and treating the copper nanowire conductive film for 120 min by using oxygen plasma with the power of 120W to obtain the copper nanowire conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma;
(3) And (3) dropping 150 mu L of PFOTS solution on a glass sheet, placing the glass sheet and the copper nanowire conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma in the step (2) in a vacuum drying pot, and treating 2h at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain the breathable water-washing-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
The above embodiments are merely for further illustration of the present invention and should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiments. The specific substances in the product components disclosed in the technical scheme of the invention can be implemented by the invention, and the technical effects are the same as those obtained in the examples, and the examples are not separately illustrated. Therefore, it is intended that all equivalents and modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention disclosed herein are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. A wearable sensor of ventilative resistant washing of fabric based on, contains fabric and nanometer conducting layer, its characterized in that: the elastic fabric is taken as a substrate material, a nano conductive active layer and a surface hydrophobic layer are attached to the elastic fabric, and the washing resistance times are not less than 25; the working range is not less than 100 percent; under the strain of more than 40 percent, the service life is not less than 500 times; the air permeability is not less than 100 mm/s; the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is greater than 90 deg..
2. The breathable, water-fast wearable fabric-based sensor of claim 1, wherein said substrate material comprises:
diene elastic fiber, polyurethane fiber, polyether ester elastic fiber, polyolefin elastic fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, natural latex yarn, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and aramid fiber, or one or more of the same seed fibers: and/or
One or two of cotton and kapok; and/or
Bast fiber: and/or
One or more of flax, hemp, apocynum venetum, ramie and sisal; and/or
One or more of sheep wool, cashmere, rabbit hair, camel hair, yak hair and/or alpaca animal hair; and/or
Glandular secretions of mulberry silk and/or tussah silks: and/or
Regenerating fibers; and/or
One or more of viscose fiber, acetate fiber, lyocell fiber, modal fiber, cuprammonium fiber, soybean fiber, and corn fiber.
3. The breathable, water-fast wearable sensor of claim 1, wherein said nano-conductive active layer is a film of nano-conductive active material, wherein said nano-conductive active material is selected from the group consisting of:
zero-dimensional metal nanoparticles, one of gold, silver, copper, iron, chromium, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, platinum, gallium, indium, gallium-indium alloy and gallium-indium-tin alloy metal nanoparticles, with the particle size of 1-1000 nm; and/or
One-dimensional metal nanowires, wherein the metal nanowires are one of gold, silver, copper, iron, nickel, platinum, palladium and aluminum, the diameter of the metal nanowires is 1-300 nm, and the length of the metal nanowires is 2-100 μm; and/or
Graphene, graphene oxide, molybdenum disulfide and two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride (MXene), wherein the two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride has a two-dimensional structure similar to graphene and has a chemical general formula of M n+1 X n T z N = 1, 2, 3, wherein M is an early transition metal element, X is carbon or nitrogen, T is a surface-linked-F, -OH reactive functional group, including Ti 2 C、Ti 3 C 2 、Ti 3 CN、V 2 C、Nb 2 C、TiNbC、Nb 4 C 3 、Ta 4 C 3 、(Ti 0.5 Nb 0.5 ) 2 C or (V) 0.5 Cr 0.5 ) 3 C 2 One of the phases.
4. The wearable sensor of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic layer is one or more of a graft copolymer layer, a sol-gel deposition layer, a dip coating deposition layer, a spray coating deposition layer, a post plasma treatment coating layer, a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) layer, an in-situ nanoparticle growth layer, or a silanization layer formed by a hydrophobic modifier.
5. The fabric-based breathable, water-fast wearable sensor of claim 4, wherein the hydrophobic modifier is: silicone resin: polyalkyl silicone resins, polyaryl silicone resins, polyalkyl aryl silicone resins; silane coupling agent: KH-570 (gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), a fluorosilane coupling agent (heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane), trichloromethylsilane, trichloro (1H, 2H-perfluorooctyl) silane (PFOTS); metal oxide nanoparticles: oxides of nickel, chromium, iron, zinc, titanium, platinum, magnesium, copper; metal complexes of long chain fatty acids: stearic acid chromium oxide complex, water-proofing agents CR, AC, AZ, and the like; long chain fatty chain quaternary amine compound: water repellent PF (stearylamide picoline chloride); methyl hydrogen polysiloxane, ethyl hydrogen silicone oil, dimethyl hydrogen polysiloxane, acrylic fluorine-containing polymer, and polyurethane.
6. A method of making a fabric-based breathable, water-fast wearable sensor according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing a conductive material dispersion liquid, and adsorbing a conductive material on the surface of the elastic fabric material by adopting a printing or suction filtration method to form a conductive film to obtain a conductive fabric;
(2) And (2) carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1) to obtain the breathable washable fabric sensor.
7. The method for preparing the breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the printing method is as follows: screen printing, ink jet printing, blade coating, dip coating, meyer rod coating, spray coating, slot coating, direct writing printing.
8. The method for preparing the breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing 100 mL aqueous dispersion with the concentration of 10 mg/mL two-dimensional transition metal carbide (MXene), soaking a base material of polyester/urethane fabric with the elastic fabric size of 5 multiplied by 2 cm in the MXene aqueous dispersion for 30 min, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain an MXene conductive film of a fabric base;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): placing the MXene conductive film obtained in the step (1) into a plasma cleaning machine, and treating the MXene conductive film for 90 min by using oxygen plasma with the power of 150W to complete hydrophobic modification to obtain the MXene conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma;
(3) And (3) dropping 100 mu L of perfluorooctane sulfonyl compound (PFOTS) solution on a glass sheet, placing the glass sheet and the MXene conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma in the step (2) in a vacuum drying pot, and treating 4 h at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain the breathable water-washing-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
9. The method for preparing the breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing 5 mL silver nanowire/ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 8 mg/mL, printing the dispersion liquid on a substrate material by adopting an ink-jet printing mode by taking 4 x 2 cm spandex/cotton cloth as the substrate material, drying at 80 ℃, and repeatedly operating for 3 times to obtain the silver nanowire conductive film of the fabric substrate;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): weighing 100 mL and polyurethane A85/DMF solution with the concentration of 10 wt%, soaking the silver nanowire conductive film obtained in the step (1) for 20 min, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the breathable and water-washing-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
10. The method of making a wearable sensor of claim 6 or 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Weighing 10 mL and 6 mg/mL graphene/DMF dispersion liquid, taking cotton/polyester/polyurethane fabric as a base material, screen-printing the dispersion liquid on the base material by using a screen printer, drying at 50 ℃, and repeatedly operating for 5 times to obtain the graphene conductive film of the fabric base;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): weighing 100 mL and 15 wt% polyurethane A65/DMF solution, soaking the graphene conductive film obtained in the step (1) for 15 min, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain the breathable and water-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
11. The method for preparing the breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing 50 mL copper nanowire/water dispersion with the concentration of 4 mg/mL, performing suction filtration on cotton/polyester cloth by using a vacuum filter, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain a fabric substrate to obtain the copper nanowire conductive film;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the conductive fabric material obtained in the step (1): putting the copper nanowire conductive film obtained in the step (1) into a plasma cleaning machine, and treating the copper nanowire conductive film for 120 min by using oxygen plasma with the power of 120W to obtain the copper nanowire conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma;
(3) And (3) dropping 150 mu L of PFOTS solution on a glass sheet, placing the glass sheet and the copper nanowire conductive film treated by the oxygen plasma in the step (2) in a vacuum drying pot, and treating 2h at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain the breathable water-washing-resistant wearable fabric sensor.
12. Use of the textile-based breathable and water-fast wearable sensor of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the wearable sensor is worn against the skin to detect human motion signals, including strain signals of finger or knee flexion; or electronic skin, bionic robot intelligent products to detect motion signals.
13. Use of the textile-based breathable and water-fast wearable sensor of claim 12, for applications including yoga wear, tights running, fitness equipment, swimwear, swimming trunks.
CN202211139041.XA 2022-09-19 2022-09-19 Breathable and washable wearable sensor based on fabric and preparation method thereof Pending CN115323768A (en)

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