CN115323122A - Laser quenching processing method for martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge - Google Patents

Laser quenching processing method for martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115323122A
CN115323122A CN202210854222.4A CN202210854222A CN115323122A CN 115323122 A CN115323122 A CN 115323122A CN 202210854222 A CN202210854222 A CN 202210854222A CN 115323122 A CN115323122 A CN 115323122A
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China
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
quenching
martensitic stainless
laser
knife
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CN202210854222.4A
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Inventor
吴旭浩
徐乐
叶方焕
苏忠博
余乐聪
陈涛
杨明烨
夏森森
刘子健
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Zhejiang Jiuxuan Optoelectronics Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Jiuxuan Optoelectronics Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/22Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008Martensite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser quenching processing method of a martensitic stainless steel knife edge, which is provided with a martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism and is characterized in that one side of the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism is respectively provided with an oxidation laser head and a quenching laser head, the quenching laser head is provided with an infrared temperature control device, when the martensitic stainless steel knife is conveyed to an oxidation station through the conveying and positioning mechanism, the edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife is subjected to light emitting through the oxidation laser head, the edge position is subjected to oxidation processing, and when the martensitic stainless steel knife is conveyed to the quenching station through the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism, the edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife is subjected to light emitting through the quenching laser head, and the edge is subjected to constant temperature quenching processing. The processing method ensures that the cutting edge reaches the constant quenching temperature, improves the hardness index of the cutting edge of the table knife during batch processing, and improves the hardness of the cutting edge of the table knife and the stability of the product quality.

Description

Laser quenching processing method for martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quenching method of a martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge, in particular to a laser quenching processing method of the martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge.
Background
In order to improve the strength of the cutting edge of the martensitic stainless steel table knife, the cutting edge of the martensitic stainless steel table knife needs to be quenched, and at present, a traditional mesh belt furnace ammonia decomposition bright quenching method is generally adopted, and the mesh belt furnace ammonia decomposition bright quenching has the problems of high energy consumption, environmental pollution, high labor intensity of workers, poor working environment and the like, so that a client proposes whether a laser quenching method is adopted for reinforcement. Quenching is a phase change strengthening process of materials at a specific temperature, and hardness of each material can be ensured only if the material meets the requirements of the specific quenching temperature and cooling speed. Laser quenching, also known as laser phase transformation hardening, increases the temperature of the metal surface above the transformation point at a very fast rate under the irradiation of a laser beam, and rapidly cools the metal material after leaving the irradiation region by means of self-conduction to achieve martensite phase transformation hardening. Therefore, the realization of constant quenching temperature and cooling speed is a key factor for ensuring the quality of laser quenching products. Under the double-carbon economic tide, the application of laser as a green energy-saving heat treatment mode is the main development direction in the future.
The low laser absorptivity of the martensitic stainless steel is one of the difficulties of laser strengthening of the cutting edge of the food-grade cutter. The laser absorptivity of martensitic stainless steel is only 10-15%, and its absorptivity greatly fluctuates because of the different surface smoothness of knife blank, in order to solve these problems, the commonly used method is to spray light-absorbing paint on the surface or firstly oxidize the knife blank of martensitic stainless steel table knife by using heat treatment furnace so as to make the light-absorbing rate of knife blank basically identical. The surface is sprayed with the light absorption material, so that the working procedures are increased, the cost is increased, and the coating has certain pollution; the heat treatment furnace is adopted to oxidize the martensitic stainless steel table knife blank, so that the energy consumption is not reduced, and the cost is increased; the original scheme of the technical personnel in the field is that laser quenching is carried out immediately after laser oxidation, if the oxidation speed is high during oxidation, the oxidation effect is unstable, if the oxidation speed is low, the temperature of the oxidized cutter blank is high, because the laser quenching is a martensite phase transformation hardening process achieved by means of rapid cooling of the self-conduction of a metal material, and because the cooling speed is insufficient during quenching due to the excessively high temperature of the cutter blank, a large amount of semi-martensite structures are formed, and the quenching hardness cannot meet the requirement.
The traditional laser quenching mode is to quench materials by controlling the laser output power, but because the shape of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge is arc-shaped and the thicknesses of all the knife edges are different, the heat conduction conditions of all the knife edges are different, the workpiece is melted by adopting the same power, different laser powers need to be set in different quenching areas, and the process difficulty is higher when the knife shape is changed. In engineering practice, due to the problems of material such as thickness, surface smoothness, surface pollution degree and different batches of material components of the martensitic stainless steel table knife blank, and external factors such as laser output power fluctuation, laser power attenuation and environmental temperature and humidity change, the martensitic stainless steel table knife laser quenching finished product has the quality problems of large hardness fluctuation, surface burning loss and the like, the consistency of product performance is poor, and the quality of the batch processed product cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems of the laser quenching processing method of the martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge, which has the advantages of stable hardness, high consistency, good edge strength and low cost in large-scale continuous laser quenching processing.
Therefore, the invention is realized by adopting the following modes: the laser quenching processing method of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge is characterized in that one side of the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism is respectively provided with a laser head for oxidation and a laser head for quenching, the laser head for quenching is provided with an infrared temperature control device, the martensitic stainless steel knife passes through the conveying and positioning mechanism, when the conveying and positioning mechanism conveys the knife edge to an oxidation station, the laser head for oxidation emits light to the knife edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife, the knife edge is subjected to oxidation processing, and then the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism conveys the knife edge to the quenching station, the laser head for quenching emits light to the knife edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife, and the knife edge is subjected to constant temperature quenching processing.
Infrared temperature control device constitute by infrared temperature probe and temperature controller, infrared temperature probe with temperature controller be connected, temperature controller with be connected the laser instrument power control port of laser head is used in the quenching is connected, infrared temperature probe will survey the corresponding signal of telecommunication of actual temperature and give during the quenching temperature controller, temperature controller is according to preset quenching temperature, adopts the power output size of mode control laser instrument of negative feedback, the removal speed phase-match when temperature controller and laser instrument power negative feedback and martensite stainless steel knife quench makes the martensite stainless steel knife blade maintain throughout and sets for the quenching temperature within range among the quenching process to realize the quenching processing to martensite stainless steel knife blade.
The infrared ray of the infrared temperature control device is coaxial with the laser light path of the quenching laser head.
The laser head for oxidation and the laser head for quenching are installed on the same set of three-dimensional linear module, and the oxidation process and the quenching process are synchronously carried out on different stations.
Be provided with auxiliary cooling device between laser head for the oxidation and the laser head for the quenching the martensite stainless steel table knife carry positioning mechanism's oxidation station and quenching station between right the martensite stainless steel table knife cools down.
Martensite stainless steel knife carries positioning mechanism includes the frame, the frame on be equipped with the oscilaltion and remove the material platform about and to be provided with the saddle in the frame the both sides of saddle are provided with synchronous oscilaltion and remove the material device that moves about, it sets up the centre gripping subassembly that is used for the centre gripping location knife to move on the material device, the laser head of laser instrument for the oxidation and laser instrument for the quenching is located the top of centre gripping subassembly.
Move the material device include the frame plate, be equipped with align to grid on the frame plate and have spacing post, the interval position between two spacing posts forms the knife standing groove the frame plate below is equipped with corresponding draw runner, the draw runner matches with a guide rail be equipped with the slip cylinder on the draw runner, the frame plate is installed on sliding falls the piston rod of cylinder.
According to the processing method, the steps of oxidation and quenching are adopted, the first oxidation process can enable the absorption rate of a martensitic stainless steel table knife quenching area to laser to be basically consistent, stable light absorption conditions are provided for subsequent constant-temperature quenching, the second cooling process and the cooling device can enable heat generated in the oxidation process to be rapidly diffused, the temperature of a knife blank is reduced, a lower matrix temperature is provided for subsequent laser quenching, the cooling speed during laser quenching is increased, the quenching hardness is guaranteed, the third constant-temperature quenching process ensures that the temperature of the cutting edge reaches the specified phase transition temperature through negative feedback control of the temperature and the power, on one hand, materials are guaranteed not to be melted, and on the other hand, the hardenability of the cutting edge is guaranteed. The processing method ensures that the hardness index of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge is not fluctuated by materials and external environmental factors during batch processing, greatly improves the hardness of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge and the stability of product quality, ensures that the strength of the martensitic stainless steel knife after processing can meet the requirement, and ensures that the martensitic stainless steel knife after processing has high consistency. The laser quenching knife edge strengthening device has good matching performance on materials with different thicknesses and good adaptability to environmental changes, breaks through the bottleneck of industrial application of a laser quenching technology in strengthening of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge, and is energy-saving, environment-friendly and high in material adaptability.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a martensitic stainless steel table knife conveying and positioning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation of the output power of the laser for quenching and the temperature measured by the temperature controller.
Detailed Description
Referring to the attached drawings, the laser quenching processing method of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge is provided with a martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism, one side of the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism is respectively provided with a laser head 2 for oxidation and a laser head 3 for quenching, the laser head for quenching is provided with an infrared temperature control device coaxial with a laser light path, when the martensitic stainless steel knife passes through the conveying and positioning mechanism and is conveyed to an oxidation station, the edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife is subjected to light emission through the laser head for oxidation, the edge part is subjected to oxidation processing, and when the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism is conveyed to the quenching station, the edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife is subjected to light emission through the laser head for quenching, and the edge is subjected to constant temperature quenching processing. Wherein, infrared temperature control device constitute by infrared temperature probe and temperature controller 11, infrared temperature probe with temperature controller 11 be connected, temperature controller 11 with be connected the laser instrument power control port of laser head 3 is used in the quenching is connected, infrared temperature probe will survey the corresponding signal of telecommunication of actual temperature and send during the quenching temperature controller 1, temperature controller 11 is according to preset quenching temperature, adopts the power output size of negative feedback's mode control laser instrument, the control cycle of temperature controller 11 and laser instrument power negative feedback and the removal speed phase-match of martensite stainless steel knife when quenching, guaranteed that the temperature of martensite stainless steel knife blade upper surface and lower surface all has enough time to rise to phase transition temperature, the surface melting phenomenon can not appear simultaneously, guaranteed the hardenability and the hardness of blade. The cutting edge of the martensitic stainless steel meal knife is always maintained within the set quenching temperature range in the quenching process, so that the quenching processing of the cutting edge of the martensitic stainless steel meal knife is realized.
In the embodiment, the blade edge of the 420 martensitic stainless steel beefsteak knife is quenched, the set quenching temperature is 1060 ℃, the negative feedback control period is 1ms, the output power of the laser reaches 95% of the rated power when the quenching is started, the laser output power continuously adjusts and fluctuates between 35% and 47% of the rated power in the quenching process, and the temperature of the surface of the material is maintained within the range of 1060 +/-1%.
In this embodiment, be provided with high-speed air curtain auxiliary cooling device 12 between laser head for the oxidation and the laser head for the quenching the martensitic stainless steel knife carry the positioning mechanism oxidation station and the quenching station between right the martensitic stainless steel knife carries out cooling. The high-speed air curtain can quickly diffuse heat generated in the oxidation process, reduce the temperature of the cutter blank, provide lower matrix temperature for subsequent laser quenching, and improve the cooling speed during laser quenching, thereby ensuring the quenching hardness.
The laser head for oxidation and the laser head for quenching are installed on the same set of three-dimensional linear module, and the oxidation process and the quenching process are synchronously carried out on different stations so as to improve the processing efficiency.
Foretell martensite stainless steel table knife carries positioning mechanism includes frame 1, frame 1 on be equipped with the oscilaltion and remove material platform 4 about and to be provided with saddle 5 in frame 1 the both sides of saddle 5 are provided with synchronous oscilaltion and remove material device 6 that moves about, move and set up the centre gripping subassembly 7 that is used for the centre gripping location table knife on the material device 6, laser head 2 for the oxidation and laser head 3 for the quenching are located centre gripping subassembly 7's top.
The material moving device 6 comprises a frame plate 61, wherein the frame plate 61 is provided with limit columns 62 which are uniformly arranged, a knife placing groove 63 is formed at an interval position between the two limit columns 62, a corresponding sliding strip 65 is arranged below the frame plate 61, the sliding strip 65 is matched with a guide rail, a sliding cylinder 64 is arranged on the sliding strip 65, and the frame plate 61 is installed on a piston rod of the sliding cylinder 64.
The martensitic stainless steel knife is placed on the material receiving table 4, the material moving device 6 ascends to support the martensitic stainless steel knife 13, then moves towards the direction of the supporting table 5 and is placed on the supporting table, meanwhile, the martensitic stainless steel knife 13 on the supporting table is placed in the placing groove 63 and moves forwards, the martensitic stainless steel knife can be clamped after being placed on the clamping assembly 7, the martensitic stainless steel knife edge is oxidized by the laser head 2 for oxidation, the material moving device 6 moves and oxidizes the martensitic stainless steel knife one by one in a 'return' shape, the material moving device 6 is provided with two groups, the martensitic stainless steel knife is moved to the laser head 2 for oxidation by the first group material moving device and then is connected and moved by the second group material moving device, in the connection process, the auxiliary cooling device 12 cools and cools the martensitic stainless steel knife, and the second group material moving device moves the oxidized martensitic stainless steel knife to the laser head 3 for quenching, the martensitic stainless steel knife is quickly heated, and the temperature reaches the set quenching temperature so as to finish the step of quenching the martensitic stainless steel knife edge.

Claims (7)

1. The laser quenching processing method of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge is characterized in that one side of the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism is respectively provided with a laser head for oxidation and a laser head for quenching, the laser head for quenching is provided with an infrared temperature control device, the martensitic stainless steel knife passes through the conveying and positioning mechanism, when the conveying and positioning mechanism conveys the knife edge to an oxidation station, the laser head for oxidation emits light to the knife edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife, the knife edge is subjected to oxidation processing, and then the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism conveys the knife edge to the quenching station, the laser head for quenching emits light to the knife edge of the martensitic stainless steel knife, and the knife edge is subjected to constant temperature quenching processing.
2. The laser processing method of the martensitic stainless steel dining knife edge according to claim 1, characterized in that the infrared temperature control device consists of an infrared temperature probe and a temperature controller, the infrared temperature probe is connected with the temperature controller, the temperature controller is connected with a laser power control port connected with the laser head for quenching, the infrared temperature probe sends an electric signal corresponding to the measured actual temperature to the temperature controller during quenching, the temperature controller controls the power output of the laser in a negative feedback mode according to the preset quenching temperature, and the control period of the temperature controller and the power negative feedback of the laser is matched with the moving speed of the martensitic stainless steel dining knife during quenching, so that the martensitic stainless steel dining knife edge is always maintained in the set quenching temperature range during quenching, and the quenching processing of the martensitic stainless steel dining knife edge is realized.
3. The laser processing method of the martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge according to claim 1, characterized in that the infrared ray of the infrared temperature control device is coaxial with the laser light path of the laser head for quenching.
4. The laser processing method of the martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser head for oxidation and the laser head for quenching are installed on the same set of three-dimensional linear module, and the oxidation process and the quenching process are synchronously performed on different stations.
5. The laser processing method of the martensitic stainless steel dinner knife edge according to claim 1, characterized in that an auxiliary cooling device is arranged between the oxidation laser head and the quenching laser head, and the martensitic stainless steel dinner knife is cooled between the oxidation station and the quenching station of the martensitic stainless steel dinner knife conveying and positioning mechanism.
6. The laser processing method of the martensitic stainless steel knife edge according to claim 1, characterized in that the martensitic stainless steel knife conveying and positioning mechanism comprises a frame, the frame is provided with a material receiving table which can move up and down and move left and right, the frame is provided with a supporting table, two sides of the supporting table are provided with material moving devices which can synchronously move up and down and move left and right, the material moving devices are provided with clamping components for clamping and positioning the knife, and laser heads of the laser for oxidation and the laser for quenching are positioned above the clamping components.
7. The laser processing method of a martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge according to claim 6, characterized in that the material moving device comprises a frame plate, the frame plate is provided with limit posts which are uniformly arranged, the spacing position between the two limit posts forms a meal knife placing groove, a corresponding slide bar is arranged below the frame plate, the slide bar is matched with a guide rail, the slide bar is provided with a slide cylinder, and the frame plate is mounted on a piston rod of the slide cylinder.
CN202210854222.4A 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Laser quenching processing method for martensitic stainless steel meal knife edge Pending CN115323122A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1062003A (en) * 1991-10-21 1992-06-17 上海工程技术大学 The heat treatment of medium carbon steel cutter
JPH08291322A (en) * 1995-04-19 1996-11-05 Jatco Corp Laser hardening method
JP2010013719A (en) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-21 Jtekt Corp Laser-beam irradiation heat-treatment method
CN102094111A (en) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-15 北京大陆天瑞激光工程技术有限公司 Bar hot shear blade laser-quenching manufacturing process
JP2013132725A (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-08 Univ Of Shiga Prefecture Tool with cutting edge, method of manufacturing the same, and method for manufacturing of manufacturing intermediate product of tool with cutting edge
CN111286596A (en) * 2020-03-06 2020-06-16 浙江久恒光电科技有限公司 Quenching strengthening process for cutting edge of thin blade
CN216427357U (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-05-03 浙江久恒光电科技有限公司 Conveying and positioning mechanism of table knife quenching equipment

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1062003A (en) * 1991-10-21 1992-06-17 上海工程技术大学 The heat treatment of medium carbon steel cutter
JPH08291322A (en) * 1995-04-19 1996-11-05 Jatco Corp Laser hardening method
JP2010013719A (en) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-21 Jtekt Corp Laser-beam irradiation heat-treatment method
CN102094111A (en) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-15 北京大陆天瑞激光工程技术有限公司 Bar hot shear blade laser-quenching manufacturing process
JP2013132725A (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-08 Univ Of Shiga Prefecture Tool with cutting edge, method of manufacturing the same, and method for manufacturing of manufacturing intermediate product of tool with cutting edge
CN111286596A (en) * 2020-03-06 2020-06-16 浙江久恒光电科技有限公司 Quenching strengthening process for cutting edge of thin blade
CN216427357U (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-05-03 浙江久恒光电科技有限公司 Conveying and positioning mechanism of table knife quenching equipment

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
中华人民共和国职业技能鉴定辅导丛书编审委员会: "热处理工职业技能鉴定指南", 31 December 1996, 北京:机械工业出版社, pages: 247 *
董必达等: "激光热处理新技术的应用与工艺研究", 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), no. 06, pages 1119 - 1123 *

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