CN115321962A - Long-life ladle and method for prolonging service life of converter ladle - Google Patents
Long-life ladle and method for prolonging service life of converter ladle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115321962A CN115321962A CN202210871616.0A CN202210871616A CN115321962A CN 115321962 A CN115321962 A CN 115321962A CN 202210871616 A CN202210871616 A CN 202210871616A CN 115321962 A CN115321962 A CN 115321962A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/402—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/428—Silicon
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a long-life steel ladle and a method for prolonging the service life of the steel ladle of a converter, wherein the steel ladle comprises a working layer positioned on the inner side and a permanent layer positioned on the outer side, the working layer comprises a slag line working layer and a ladle wall working layer below the slag line working layer, and the ladle wall working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 63.0 to 70.0 percent of corundum particles with the diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm; 300-mesh corundum fine powder 12-15%; 12.5 to 14.5 percent of alumina micro powder with the particle size of 3 to 6 mu m; 4.0 to 5.0 percent of calcium aluminate cement; 1.5 to 2.5 percent of oxidation resistant raw material; the slag line working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 59.0 to 66.0 percent of corundum particles with the diameter of 0.5 to 6 mm; 13 to 16 percent of 300-mesh corundum fine powder; 15.5 to 17.5 percent of alumina micro powder with the particle size of 3 to 6 mu m; 4.0 to 5.0 percent of calcium aluminate cement; 1.5 to 2.5 percent of oxidation resistant raw material. The invention improves the service life of the ladle for the converter by optimizing the components of the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer and conforming to the casting process, thereby reducing the consumption of refractory materials of steel-making ton steel, reducing the cost of steel per ton and improving the enterprise benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a long-life steel ladle and a method for prolonging the service life of a converter steel ladle.
Background
The prior production process is limited by refractory materials and production conditions, the turnover rate of the steel ladle is low, the steel ladle is influenced by rapid cooling and rapid heating, the refractory peeling phenomenon of the steel ladle is serious, the service life of the steel ladle is always 80-100 times, and the economic benefit of steel enterprises is directly influenced. Therefore, the consumption of the refractory materials of the steel ladle in the steel-making link directly influences the steel-making cost and the economic benefit of enterprises. Therefore, the service life of the steel ladle refractory is prolonged, and the service life of the converter steel ladle is greatly prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inventor of the invention carries out keen research, and provides a ladle with long service life and a method for prolonging the service life of the ladle of the converter.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the long-life steel ladle comprises an inner working layer and an outer permanent layer, wherein the inner working layer and the outer permanent layer are arranged on the inner side, the working layer comprises a slag line working layer and a ladle wall working layer below the slag line working layer, and the ladle wall working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the slag line working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
in a second aspect, a method of increasing the life of a ladle of a converter includes: selecting the components of the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer in the first aspect, and adopting a composite casting process to sequentially cast the ladle wall working layer and the slag line working layer; in the composite casting process, after a ladle wall working layer and a slag line working layer are cast, the working layer is roasted and dried, and the roasting and drying system is as follows:
heating to 300 +/-20 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-20 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-1 h; heating to 500 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 18 plus or minus 2 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 8 plus or minus 1h; heating to 800 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 75 plus or minus 5 ℃/h, heating to 1200 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 40 plus or minus 5 ℃/h, and putting into use without cooling after baking.
According to the ladle with the long service life and the method for prolonging the service life of the ladle of the converter, provided by the invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:
(1) According to the long-life ladle and the method for prolonging the service life of the converter ladle, provided by the invention, materials are selected for each structure of the ladle, and particularly, the component selection of a slag line working layer can effectively reduce the corrosion rate of a slag line of the ladle, so that the service life of the ladle is prolonged;
(2) According to the long-life ladle and the method for prolonging the service life of the converter ladle, provided by the invention, the cracking of the ladle during baking and drying is avoided by adopting a composite casting process and a specific baking and drying system;
(3) According to the long-life ladle and the method for prolonging the service life of the ladle of the converter, the service life of the ladle for the converter is prolonged by optimizing the components of the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer and the composite casting process, so that the cost of steel-making refractory materials per ton can be reduced, the economic benefit of enterprises can be improved, the labor intensity of workers can be reduced, and the working environment can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ladle structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a preferred bake drying regime of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a wall-wrapping working layer; 2-a slag line working layer; 3-permanent layer.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a long-life ladle comprising an inner working layer in direct contact with molten steel and an outer permanent layer not normally in direct contact with molten steel, the main function of which is to insulate heat and prevent the temperature of the ladle from dropping too quickly; the working layer comprises a slag line working layer and a ladle wall working layer below the slag line working layer, and the ladle wall working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the slag line working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the purity of the alumina micro powder in the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer is more than or equal to 99.0 percent;
the oxidation-resistant raw material is selected from at least one of aluminum powder or silicon powder, and is preferably aluminum powder;
300 mesh means that the corundum fine powder can pass through 300 mesh.
In a preferred embodiment, the ladle wall working layer of the high-life ladle comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the slag line working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the inventor puts forward higher requirements on the oxidation resistance and the slag resistance of the refractory material according to the corrosion mechanism of molten steel and steel slag on the steel ladle, and puts forward the assumption that a steel ladle composite pouring process is adopted in the use of the refractory material. Because the ladle slag line is corroded quickly, the slag line adopts corundum castable with more excellent performance in the ladle casting process, thereby prolonging the service life of the ladle.
For the working layer of the ladle wall, alumina differential (Al) with higher purity is added into the corundum castable 2 O 3 The purity is more than or equal to 99 percent), the effective filling of air holes is realized in the casting process, the apparent porosity of the refractory material is reduced, and the density of the refractory material is improved. Through repeated tests and field use, the differential addition amount of the alumina is stabilized at 12.5-14.5% (preferably 13.0-14.0%), and the service life of the ladle is obviously prolonged. If the content is lower than the minimum value of the range, the apparent porosity is larger, the corrosion speed of the steel ladle is high, and the service life of the steel ladle is influenced; if the content is higher than the maximum value of the range, the fluidity of the casting material is influenced, and the pouring of the steel ladle is influenced.
For the slag line working layer, the slag line is fast eroded due to the characteristics of the steel slag, in order to ensure the synchronous use of the slag line and the steel ladle working layer, the micro-proportion of the corundum castable used by the slag line is properly adjusted, and through a plurality of tests, the adding amount of the alumina micropowder is stabilized at 15.5-17.5% (preferably 16.0-17.0%) at present. If the content is lower than the minimum value of the range, the corrosion speed is accelerated, and the service life of the steel ladle is shortened; if the content is higher than the maximum value of the range, the fluidity of the casting material is influenced, and the pouring of the steel ladle is influenced.
The inventor finds that the calcium aluminate cement can be used as a binder of the refractory cement in the pouring process of the steel ladle unshaped refractory material, has the characteristic of high solidification speed, and is beneficial to the pouring of the steel ladle.
In the invention, the addition of the aluminum powder or the silicon powder with oxidation resistance can reduce the influence on the service life of the ladle caused by the too fast erosion of the refractory material due to the too strong oxidizing property of molten steel.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of increasing the life of a ladle of a converter, comprising: determining the components of the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer, and sequentially casting the ladle wall working layer and the slag line working layer by adopting a composite casting process, wherein the components of the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer are consistent with those of the first aspect, and are not repeated herein; in the composite casting process, after a ladle wall working layer and a slag line working layer are cast, the working layer is roasted and dried, and the roasting and drying system is as follows:
heating to 300 +/-20 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-20 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-1 h; heating to 500 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 18 plus or minus 2 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 8 plus or minus 1h; heating to 800 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 75 plus or minus 5 ℃/h, heating to 1200 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 40 plus or minus 5 ℃/h, and putting into use without cooling after baking.
Preferably, the bake drying regime is as follows:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 18 + -1 deg.C/h, and maintaining at the constant temperature for 8 + -0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and cooling.
The set baking and drying system is suitable for specific steel ladle materials, and effectively avoids adverse effects caused by improper baking.
The compressive strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) of the slag line working layer of the ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process is more than or equal to 110MPa; the breaking strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) is more than or equal to 13MPa; secret keyThe degree is more than or equal to 3.15g/cm 3 (ii) a The refractoriness is more than or equal to 1810 ℃, and the erosion rate is less than or equal to 1.2 mm/time;
the compressive strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) of the wall wrapping working layer is more than or equal to 110MPa; the breaking strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) is more than or equal to 13Pa; density: 2.95g/cm 3 (ii) a The refractoriness is more than or equal to 1800 ℃, and the erosion rate is less than or equal to 1.1 mm/time.
Examples
Example 1
(1) Composition of working layer
TABLE 1.1 ladle wall working layer, slag line working layer compositions
| Raw materials | Particle size | Wall-wrapped working layer (wt%) | Slag line working layer (wt%) |
| Corundum particles | 0.5-6mm | 66.5 | 62.5 |
| Corundum |
300 mesh | 14 | 15 |
| Alumina micropowder | 3-6um | 13.5 | 16.5 |
| Calcium aluminate cement | / | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Aluminum powder | / | 1.5 | 1.5 |
(2) The baking and drying schedule is shown in FIG. 2:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 18 + -1 deg.C/h, and maintaining at the constant temperature for 8 + -0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and cooling.
The steel ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process has the following performance parameters of 1.2:
TABLE 1.2
The invention improves the quality of the refractory material through the implementation of refractory material optimization and composite casting technology and the research of adding differential amount of alumina at different parts, thereby prolonging the service life of the ladle. The service life of the ladle is improved from about 90 times to more than 160 times in average and reaches 183 times at most through the research of refractory materials and the optimization of the process. The cost of the refractory material per ton of steel is reduced by 2.13 yuan. The cost can be reduced by 1000 ten thousand yuan per year according to the current yield.
TABLE 1.3 ladle life statistics before and after the practice of the invention
Example 2
(1) Composition of working layer
TABLE 2.1 ladle wall working layer, slag line working layer composition
| Raw materials | Particle size | Wall-wrapped working layer (wt%) | Slag line working layer (wt%) |
| Corundum particles | 0.5-6mm | 69.5 | 65.5 |
| Corundum |
300 mesh | 12 | 13 |
| Alumina micropowder | 3-6um | 12.5 | 15.5 |
| Calcium aluminate cement | / | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Aluminum powder | / | 1.5 | 1.5 |
(2) The bake drying regime is shown in figure 2:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 18 + -1 deg.C/h, and maintaining at the constant temperature for 8 + -0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and cooling.
The ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process has the following performance parameters of 2.2:
TABLE 2.2
| Parametric/working layer | Wall-wrapped working layer | Slag line working layer |
| Compressive strength (110 ℃ C. 3 h), MPa | 105 | 111 |
| Flexural strength (110 ℃ C. For 3 h), MPa | 13.1 | 13.9 |
| Density, g/cm 3 | 2.71 | 2.77 |
| Refractoriness, DEG C | ≥1800 | ≥1810 |
| Erosion Rate, mm/time | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Appearance description | Without cracks | Without cracks |
Example 3
(1) Composition of working layer
TABLE 3.1 ladle wall working layer, slag line working layer composition
| Raw materials | Particle size | Wall-wrapped working layer (wt%) | Slag line working layer (wt%) |
| Corundum particles | 0.5-6mm | 64.5 | 60.5 |
| Corundum |
300 mesh | 15 | 16 |
| Alumina micropowder | 3-6um | 14.5 | 17.5 |
| Calcium aluminate cement | / | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Aluminum powder | / | 1.5 | 1.5 |
(2) The baking and drying schedule is shown in FIG. 2:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 18 + -1 deg.C/h, and maintaining at the constant temperature for 8 + -0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and using without cooling
The steel ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process has the following performance parameters of 3.2:
TABLE 3.2
Comparative example 1
(1) Composition of working layer
TABLE 4.1 ladle wall working layer, slag line working layer composition
| Raw materials | Particle size | Wall-wrapped working layer (wt%) | Slag line working layer (wt%) |
| Corundum particles | 0.5-6mm | 70 | 67 |
| Corundum |
300 mesh | 14 | 15 |
| Alumina micropowder | 3-6um | 10 | 12 |
| Calcium aluminate cement | / | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Aluminum powder | / | 1.5 | 1.5 |
(2) The baking and drying schedule is shown in FIG. 2:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 18 + -1 deg.C/h, and maintaining at the constant temperature for 8 + -0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and cooling.
The steel ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process has the following performance parameters of 4.2:
TABLE 4.2
| Parametric/working layer | Wall-wrapped working layer | Slag line working layer |
| Compressive strength (110 ℃ C. For 3 h), MPa | 99 | 102 |
| Flexural strength (110 ℃ C. For 3 h), MPa | 12.4 | 12.6 |
| Density, g/cm 3 | 2.68 | 2.75 |
| Erosion Rate, mm/time | 1.2 | 1.3 |
Comparative example 2
(1) Composition of working layer
TABLE 5.1 ladle wall working layer, slag line working layer compositions
| Raw materials | Particle size | Wall-wrapped working layer (wt%) | Slag line working layer (wt%) |
| Corundum particles | 0.5-6mm | 66 | 63 |
| Corundum |
300 mesh | 14 | 15 |
| Alumina micropowder | 3-6um | 13 | 15 |
| Water glass solution | / | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Aluminum powder | / | 2.5 | 2.5 |
(2) The baking and drying schedule is shown in FIG. 2:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 18 + -1 deg.C/h, and maintaining at the constant temperature for 8 + -0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and cooling.
The steel ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process has the following performance parameters of 5.2:
TABLE 5.2
| Parameter/working layer | Wall-wrapping working layer | Working layer of slag line |
| Appearance description | Small amount of fine cracks | Without cracks |
Comparative example 3
(1) Composition of working layer
TABLE 6.1 ladle wall working layer, slag line working layer compositions
| Raw materials | Particle size | Wall-wrapped working layer (wt%) | Slag line working layer (wt%) |
| Corundum particles | 0.5-6mm | 66.5 | 62.5 |
| Corundum |
300 mesh | 14 | 15 |
| Alumina micropowder | 3-6um | 13.5 | 16.5 |
| Calcium aluminate cement | / | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| Aluminum powder | / | 1.5 | 1.5 |
(2) A baking and drying system: heating to 600 plus or minus 10 ℃ at a speed of 100 plus or minus 10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 plus or minus 0.5h; heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 50 + -5 deg.C/h, maintaining the temperature for 24 + -0.5 h, and putting into use without cooling after baking
The steel ladle prepared by adopting the optimized components and the process has the following performance parameters of 6.2:
TABLE 6.2
| Parametric/working layer | Wall-wrapping working layer | Slag line working layer |
| Appearance description | Small amount of fine cracks | Without cracks |
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The long-life steel ladle is characterized in that a steel ladle working layer comprises a slag line working layer and a ladle wall working layer below the slag line working layer, and the ladle wall working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the slag line working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the long-life ladle according to claim 1, wherein the ladle wall working layer of the long-life ladle comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the slag line working layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
3. the long-life ladle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the purity of the alumina micropowder in the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer is not less than 99.0%.
4. The long-life ladle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxidation resistant raw material is selected from at least one of aluminum powder or silicon powder.
5. A method for prolonging the service life of a converter ladle is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting the components of the slag line working layer and the ladle wall working layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and adopting a composite casting process to sequentially cast the ladle wall working layer and the slag line working layer.
6. The method for prolonging the service life of the converter ladle according to claim 5, wherein in the composite casting process, after the ladle wall working layer and the slag line working layer are cast, the working layer is roasted and dried, and the roasting and drying system is as follows:
heating to 300 +/-20 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-20 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-1 h; heating to 500 plus or minus 20 ℃ at the speed of 18 plus or minus 2 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 8 plus or minus 1h; heating to 800 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 75 plus or minus 5 ℃/h, heating to 1200 plus or minus 20 ℃ at a speed of 40 plus or minus 5 ℃/h, and putting into use without cooling after baking.
7. The method for improving the service life of the converter ladle according to claim 6, wherein the baking and drying schedule is as follows:
heating to 300 +/-10 ℃ at a speed of 100 +/-10 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 24 +/-0.5 h; heating to 500 +/-10 ℃ at the speed of 18 +/-1 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 8 +/-0.5 h; heating to 800 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 75 + -2 deg.C/h, heating to 1200 + -10 deg.C at a rate of 40 + -2 deg.C/h, baking, and cooling.
8. The method for prolonging the service life of the converter ladle according to claim 6, wherein the compressive strength (110 ℃ C. 3 h) of the slag line working layer is more than or equal to 110MPa; the breaking strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) is more than or equal to 13MPa; the density is more than or equal to 3.15g/cm 3 (ii) a The refractoriness is more than or equal to 1810 ℃, and the erosion rate is less than or equal to 1.2 mm/time;
the compressive strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) of the wall wrapping working layer is not less than 110MPa; the breaking strength (110 ℃ for 3 h) is more than or equal to 13MPa; the density is more than or equal to 2.95g/cm 3 (ii) a The refractoriness is more than or equal to 1800 ℃, and the erosion rate is less than or equal to 1.1 mm/time.
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