CN115321903A - Inorganic artificial stone plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic artificial stone plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115321903A CN115321903A CN202210923727.1A CN202210923727A CN115321903A CN 115321903 A CN115321903 A CN 115321903A CN 202210923727 A CN202210923727 A CN 202210923727A CN 115321903 A CN115321903 A CN 115321903A
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- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical group C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0067—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0071—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of a rise in pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0089—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of vacuum or reduced pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
- C04B40/0245—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave including a pre-curing step not involving a steam or autoclave treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/54—Substitutes for natural stone, artistic materials or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
- C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of building decoration materials, and particularly discloses an inorganic artificial stone plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: screening large-particle stones in the stone materials for later use, and uniformly stirring the remaining small-particle stones in the stone materials, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, an active additive, a water reducing agent, a toughening agent, a pigment and water to obtain a mixture; paving part of the mixture to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving large-particle stones on the mixture; continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, and flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold; pouring all the rest mixture into the mold, and performing vacuum vibration pressing and steam curing to obtain an inorganic artificial stone plate; the inorganic stone plate does not impact the inner wall of the stirrer in the preparation process, and the prepared inorganic stone plate has low water absorption and no cracks and holes on the outer surface.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building decoration materials, in particular to an inorganic artificial stone plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The artificial stone is a new product which develops fast in the stone in recent years, the inorganic artificial stone can be divided into two forming modes of a pressing plate type and a raw stone type, natural stone waste or construction waste is utilized, inorganic binder (cement), filler, inorganic auxiliary agent, inorganic pigment and the like are mixed, then a blank (block or plate) material for the decorative surface of the building is formed by vacuum pressing, and after curing and solidification at normal temperature for a certain time, the blank (block or plate) material is processed by cutting, thickness setting, polishing and the like, and finally decorative plates with various specifications are manufactured. Compared with the organic artificial stone, the inorganic artificial stone does not contain organic components such as resin, glue and the like, so that the inorganic artificial stone has the advantages of hardness, durability, health, environmental protection, no color difference and no odor, obviously improves and promotes the product performance such as corrosion resistance, weather resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, does not have the phenomena of deformation, warping and the like, is widely applied to home decoration, public buildings, high-grade hotels and the like, and is deeply loved by designers.
The large-particle inorganic artificial stone plate is a very big difficulty in the production of inorganic artificial stones, the method of terrazzo is generally adopted, cement, gravel, a water reducing agent, water and a reinforcing agent are generally stirred into a slurry shape together, the slurry is placed into a mold for shaping, the plate is made by cutting after solidification, micropores are easy to appear in the plate made by the method, the attractiveness of the plate is influenced, meanwhile, the strength of the plate is not as good as that of the inorganic artificial stone plate made by a pressing plate method, the inorganic artificial stone made by the pressing plate method is adopted, large-particle materials cannot enter a stirrer for stirring, the stirrer generally adopts a ceramic or glass lining, the large-particle materials easily impact the inner wall, and damage is caused to the stirrer, so that a process for making the large-particle artificial stone plate by the pressing plate method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the preparation process of the large-particle artificial stone slab, the application provides an inorganic artificial stone slab and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the preparation method of the inorganic artificial stone slab provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an inorganic artificial stone plate comprises the following steps:
preparing a mixture: screening large-particle stones in the stone materials for later use, and uniformly stirring the remaining small-particle stones in the stone materials, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, an active additive, a water reducing agent, a toughening agent, a pigment and water according to a stirring process to obtain a mixture;
material distribution: paving part of the mixed material to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving the large-particle stones on the mixed material;
tamping: continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, and flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold;
plate forming: pouring the rest mixture into the mold, performing vacuum vibration pressing to obtain an inorganic artificial stone blank plate, and performing steam curing on the inorganic artificial stone blank plate to obtain an inorganic artificial stone plate;
wherein the particle size of the large-particle stones is 2-3cm, and the particle size of the small-particle stones is less than 2cm.
Through the technical scheme, the source of the stone can be natural stone waste with lower cost, and the natural stone waste is mainly leftover waste of stone processing and generally consists of stone particles with different particle sizes, including large-particle stones with the particle size of 2-3cm and small-particle stones with the particle size of less than 2cm. In the conventional method, large-particle stones are larger in particle size and cannot directly enter a stirrer to be stirred, so that the large-particle inorganic artificial stone plate is inconvenient to mix with other raw materials to prepare the large-particle inorganic artificial stone plate.
According to the method, large-particle stones are not required to be placed into a stirrer to be mixed with other raw materials, the large-particle stones are wrapped in the middle of the stirrer by using the mixture of the upper layer and the lower layer and tamped, so that the large-particle stones are uniformly and stably distributed in the mould, and the board is manufactured by adopting a vacuum vibration pressing molding mode, so that the large-particle stones are in closer contact with the mixture, the board is favorable for obtaining a more perfect particle effect, and importantly, the large-particle materials are wrapped and are difficult to impact the inner wall. Because the particle size of large granule stone is great, can both wrap up the stone about guaranteeing, can not too thick or too thin about, otherwise lead to the granule to expose the surface easily, lay 1/3 mixture in the mould bottom earlier and be favorable to including the parcel of large granule stone. In addition, the method does not need to crush large-particle stones, so that the crushing processing cost is reduced, the dust generated in crushing is reduced, and the cost is saved and the environment is protected.
The inorganic artificial stone plate is prepared by adopting a vacuum vibration pressing mode, the process is simple, the porosity in the blank plate can be well reduced, the texture of the formed blank plate is more compact, the improvement of the bending strength and the compressive strength of the inorganic artificial stone plate is facilitated, the plate can be immediately demoulded after being pressed and formed, a large amount of standing and curing time is saved, the production time is greatly saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the stirring process comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly stirring the small-particle stones and the quartz sand in the stones, adding the water, stirring, adding the quartz powder, and uniformly stirring to prepare a premix;
s2, adding the white Portland cement, the active additive, the water reducing agent, the toughening agent and the pigment into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture.
By adopting the technical scheme, the stones, the sand materials, the powder and the water are uniformly stirred to prepare a mixture, and then the cement, the active additive, the water reducing agent and the like are added and stirred, so that the stones, the sand materials and the aggregates are uniformly mixed and then bonded together, and the quality and the particle uniformity of the plate are ensured.
Preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum vibration pressing is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 10-60Hz, the pressure is 100kN, and the time is 120-240s.
Preferably, the steam curing temperature is 72-80 ℃, and the steam curing time is 10-14h.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use steam to make inorganic rostone blank board harden with higher speed as the hot medium, the temperature and the time of control steam maintenance can provide suitable temperature and humidity for blank board hardening. If the environment in which the blank is located does not maintain sufficient humidity, a large amount of moisture in the later-formed sheet may evaporate, so that the sheet is subjected to tensile stress caused by shrinkage in a low-strength state, and the sheet is cracked.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an inorganic artificial stone plate prepared by the above preparation method of an inorganic artificial stone plate, including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of stone, 40 parts of quartz sand, 1-3 parts of quartz powder, 31-33 parts of white portland cement, 2-3 parts of active additive, 3-5 parts of water, 1-1.2 parts of water reducing agent, 5-6 parts of toughening agent and 0-0.4 part of pigment; wherein the stone includes: 60-70% of large-particle stones and 30-40% of small-particle stones.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt the building stones that large granule stone and small granule stone are constituteed, quartz sand and quartz powder constitute the aggregate of preparation inorganic artificial stone board jointly, the building stones, the particle diameter and the mechanical properties of quartz sand and quartz powder are different, pack less particulate matter in the clearance of great particulate matter, be favorable to making each component of aggregate mix more evenly and closely knit, the inside space of the artificial stone board that makes is less, be favorable to improving the flexural strength and the compressive strength of the artificial stone board that makes, obtain the artificial stone board that mechanical properties accords with the production demand.
The stone is derived from natural stone waste with lower cost and usually consists of stone particles with different particle sizes, and the natural stone waste is used for realizing waste utilization and reducing the production cost. The quartz sand is quartz particles formed by crushing and processing quartz stone, the quartz stone is a non-metallic mineral substance, is a hard, wear-resistant and chemically stable silicate mineral, has high hardness, and can react with white silicate cement under the action of water to generate strong adhesive force between the quartz sand and the white silicate cement, so that the compressive strength and the bending strength of the inorganic artificial stone can be improved; the active additive can fill gaps among white portland cement particles, promote the hydration of the white portland cement and improve the strength and durability of the inorganic artificial stone; the water reducing agent can reduce the water consumption for mixing, reduce the curing time and reduce the internal porosity of the product so as to improve the strength and durability of the inorganic artificial stone; the addition of the toughening agent can improve the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the inorganic artificial stone.
Preferably, the particle size range of the quartz sand is 20-120 meshes, and the particle size range of the quartz powder is 200-325 meshes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the quartz sand and the quartz powder with the particle size range are selected, so that the porosity of the white Portland cement can be further reduced, and the integrity of the inorganic artificial stone is improved. The grain composition of quartz sand and quartz powder makes the raw materials more closely knit after the stirring mixes to reduce inorganic rostone porosity, improved inorganic rostone's closely knit degree and intensity, adopt quartz powder to be used for filling the space between the quartz sand granule simultaneously, increased the mobility of panel when the suppression at to a great extent, guaranteed that the product possesses high density and high rigidity.
Preferably, the white portland cement is P.W 52.5.5 white cement.
By adopting the technical scheme, the P.W 52.5.52.5 white cement is selected as the white portland cement, so that the white portland cement has the advantages of bright color, high whiteness, high strength and high stability, and the inorganic artificial stone prepared by using the white portland cement has a good decorative effect.
Preferably, the active additive is one or more of metakaolin, white silica fume and white fly ash.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the space of quartz sand granule can be filled to above-mentioned additive to also play the physics dispersion effect to white portland cement granule, make it distribute more evenly, can improve the micropore structure of inorganic rostone, improve the resistance to compression and the bending strength of inorganic rostone.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 20%; the toughening agent is styrene-butadiene emulsion with the solid content of 40-50%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polycarboxylate water reducing agent has the characteristics of low mixing amount, high dispersibility, high water reducing rate and the like, and because raw materials such as silicate in the artificial stone can generate hydration reaction with water to influence the performance of the artificial stone, the water reducing agent needs to be added to absorb the water, so that the structure of a hydration product becomes more compact, and the strength of the inorganic artificial stone is improved. The toughening agent selects the butylbenzene emulsion with the solid content of 40-50%, and the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the inorganic artificial stone are gradually increased with the addition of a small amount of the butylbenzene emulsion.
Preferably, the pigment is one or more of titanium dioxide, iron black powder, iron red powder, iron yellow powder and iron brown powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the various pigments are adopted, and the color pastes with different colors are prepared by proportioning, so that the color richness of the inorganic artificial stone plate can be increased, and the decoration of the inorganic artificial stone plate is improved.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a preparation method of an inorganic artificial stone plate, which is characterized in that large-particle stones are not required to be put into a stirrer to be mixed with other raw materials, the large-particle stones are wrapped in the middle by upper and lower layer mixture materials and tamped, so that the large-particle stones are uniformly and stably distributed in a mould, and the plate is prepared by adopting a vacuum vibration pressing forming mode, so that the large-particle stones are in closer contact with the mixture materials, the plate is favorable for obtaining a more perfect particle effect, and the damage of the large-particle stones to the inner wall of the stirrer is avoided. The method does not need to crush large-particle stones, so that the crushing processing cost is reduced, the dust generated during crushing is reduced, and the cost is saved and the environment is protected.
2. The invention provides a preparation method of an inorganic artificial stone plate, which adopts a vacuum vibration pressing mode to prepare the inorganic artificial stone plate, has simple process, can well reduce the porosity in a blank plate, enables the texture of the formed blank plate to be more compact, is beneficial to improving the flexural strength and the compressive strength of the inorganic artificial stone plate, can immediately demould after the plate is pressed and formed, saves a large amount of standing and curing time, greatly saves the production time and improves the production efficiency.
3. The inorganic artificial stone plate provided by the invention has the advantages of uniform particles, good wear resistance, breaking strength of more than 17MPa and compressive strength of more than 80MPa.
Drawing information
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an inorganic artificial stone plate obtained in example 3 of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an inorganic artificial stone plate obtained in comparative example 2 of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an inorganic artificial stone plate obtained in comparative example 4 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The special description is as follows: the following examples were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer without specifying the specific conditions, and the raw materials used in the following examples were obtained from ordinary commercial sources except for specific ones.
Examples
Example 1
Weighing 20 parts of stone, 40 parts of quartz sand, 1 part of quartz powder, 31 parts of white portland cement, 2 parts of metakaolin, 1.1 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 5 parts of styrene-butadiene emulsion, 0.2 part of titanium dioxide and 3 parts of water, wherein the stone is divided into large-particle stones and small-particle stones, the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones is 65% of that of the stone, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones is 35% of that of the stone; the grain size of the quartz sand is 70-120 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 250 meshes; the solid content of the butylbenzene emulsion is 40 percent; the water reducing rate of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 30 percent.
Sieving large-particle stones for later use, and stirring and uniformly mixing small-particle stones, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, metakaolin, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a butylbenzene emulsion, titanium dioxide and water together to obtain a mixture;
paving part of the mixture to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving large-particle stones above the mixture;
and continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold, and then performing vacuum vibration pressing on the mold, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 10-20Hz, the pressure is 100kN, and the vibration time is 120s. Preparing an inorganic artificial stone blank plate;
and finally, performing steam curing on the inorganic artificial stone blank plate, setting the steam curing temperature to be 72 ℃ and the time to be 14h, thereby preparing the inorganic artificial stone plate.
Example 2
Weighing 20 parts of stone, 40 parts of quartz sand, 2 parts of quartz powder, 33 parts of white portland cement, 3 parts of metakaolin, 1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 6 parts of styrene-butadiene emulsion and 5 parts of water, wherein the stone is divided into large-particle stones and small-particle stones, the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones accounts for 60% of the stone, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones accounts for 40% of the stone; the particle sizes of the quartz sand are 40-70 meshes and 70-120 meshes respectively, wherein the mass ratio of the 40-70 meshes quartz sand to the 70-120 meshes quartz sand is 2:3, and the particle size of the quartz powder is 325 meshes; the solid content of the butylbenzene emulsion is 50 percent; the water reducing rate of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 30 percent.
Sieving large-particle stones for later use, and stirring and uniformly mixing small-particle stones, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, metakaolin, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a butylbenzene emulsion, titanium dioxide and water together to obtain a mixture;
paving part of the mixture to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving large-particle stones above the mixture;
and continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold, and then carrying out vacuum vibration pressing on the mold, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 60Hz, the pressure is 100kN, and the vibration time is 240s. Preparing an inorganic artificial stone blank plate;
and finally, performing steam curing on the inorganic artificial stone blank plate, setting the steam curing temperature to be 80 ℃ and the time to be 10 hours, thereby preparing the inorganic artificial stone plate.
Example 3
Weighing 20 parts of stone, 40 parts of quartz sand, 3 parts of quartz powder, 32 parts of white portland cement, 2 parts of metakaolin, 1.2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 6 parts of styrene-butadiene emulsion, 0.4 part of titanium dioxide and 4 parts of water, wherein the stone is divided into large-particle stones and small-particle stones, the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones is 70% of that of the stone, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones is 30% of that of the stone; the grain size of the quartz sand is 70-120 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 200 meshes; the solid content of the butylbenzene emulsion is 50 percent; the water reducing rate of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 30 percent.
Sieving large-particle stones for later use, and stirring and uniformly mixing small-particle stones, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, metakaolin, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a butylbenzene emulsion, titanium dioxide and water together to obtain a mixture;
paving part of the mixture to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving large-particle stones above the mixture;
and continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold, and then carrying out vacuum vibration pressing on the mold, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30Hz, the pressure is 100kN, and the vibration time is 160s. Preparing an inorganic artificial stone blank plate;
and finally, performing steam curing on the inorganic artificial stone blank plate, setting the steam curing temperature to be 75 ℃ and the time to be 12 hours, thereby preparing the inorganic artificial stone plate.
Example 4
Weighing 20 parts of stone, 40 parts of quartz sand, 3 parts of quartz powder, 32 parts of white portland cement, 2 parts of metakaolin, 1.2 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 6 parts of styrene-butadiene emulsion, 0.4 part of titanium dioxide and 4 parts of water, wherein the stone is divided into large-particle stones and small-particle stones, the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones is 70% of that of the stone, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones is 30% of that of the stone; the grain size of the quartz sand is 70-120 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 200 meshes; the solid content of the butylbenzene emulsion is 50 percent; the water reducing rate of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 30 percent.
Uniformly stirring the small-particle stones and the quartz sand, adding water, stirring, uniformly mixing, adding quartz powder, and uniformly stirring to prepare a premix;
adding white portland cement, metakaolin, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, styrene-butadiene emulsion and titanium dioxide into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
paving part of the mixture to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving large-particle stones above the mixture;
and continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold, and then carrying out vacuum vibration pressing on the mold, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30Hz, the pressure is 100kN, and the vibration time is 160s. Preparing an inorganic artificial stone blank plate;
and finally, performing steam curing on the inorganic artificial stone blank plate, setting the steam curing temperature to be 75 ℃ and the time to be 12 hours, thereby preparing the inorganic artificial stone plate.
Example 5
The difference from example 4 is: the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones accounts for 63% of the stone material, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones accounts for 37% of the stone material.
Example 6
The difference from example 4 is: the grain size of the quartz sand is 20-40 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 260 meshes.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is: the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones accounts for 55% of the stone material, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones accounts for 45% of the stone material.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is: the mass addition of the large-particle stones accounts for 45 percent of the stone material, and the mass addition of the small-particle stones accounts for 55 percent of the stone material.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is: the mass addition amount of the large-particle stones accounts for 80% of the stone material, and the mass addition amount of the small-particle stones accounts for 20% of the stone material.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is: stirring and mixing large-particle stones, small-particle stones, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, metakaolin, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, styrene-butadiene emulsion and titanium dioxide, pouring all the materials into a mold after uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum pressing and steam curing.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 3 is: the grain size of the quartz sand is 8-16 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 260 meshes.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 3 is: the grain size of the quartz sand is 40-70 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 400 meshes.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 3 is: the grain size of the quartz sand is 6-8 meshes, and the grain size of the quartz powder is 350 meshes.
Performance test
The inorganic artificial stone slabs prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were tested for flexural strength, compressive strength and water absorption after 28d, and the outer surfaces of the slabs were observed, wherein the test standards for flexural strength, compressive strength and water absorption are referred to GB/T35160-2017, and the test data are shown in Table 1.
The detection method comprises the following steps of: 6 samples with the same specification are cut from the same batch of inorganic artificial stone, and the standard state of the surface of each sample isThe polished surface had a sample length (L) of (200. + -. 0.3) mm, a sample width (b) of (50. + -. 0.3) mm, and a sample thickness (h) of (25. + -. 0.3) mm. Before the test, the sample is placed at the temperature (40 +/-5) DEG C and dried to constant weight, the dried sample is placed in a dryer, and after the dried sample is cooled to the room temperature (20 +/-5) DEG C, the loading test is completed within 24 h. The loading test was conducted in a three-point bending-resistant manner, the distance (L) between the two support shafts was adjusted to be 20mm less than the total sample length (L), the load was increased at a loading rate of (0.25. + -. 0.05) MPa/s until the sample broke, and the load value (F) at the time of breakage was recorded. The flexural strength of each sample was calculated as follows: f. of f ＝1.5Fl/bh 2 Then take the average value f f average 。
Compressive strength: 6 samples with the same specification are cut from the same batch of inorganic artificial stone, the standard state of the surfaces of the samples is a polished surface, and the side length (a) of the samples is a cube with (50 +/-5) mm. Before the test, the sample is placed at the temperature (40 +/-5) DEG C and dried to constant weight, the dried sample is placed in a dryer, and after the dried sample is cooled to the room temperature (20 +/-5) DEG C, the loading test is completed within 24 h. Continuously applying load to the sample at a constant speed of (1 +/-0.5) MPa/s until the sample is completely destroyed, and recording the load value (P) when the sample is destroyed. The compressive strength of each sample was calculated as follows: p = P/a 2 Then take the average value p Average 。
Water absorption: 6 samples with the same specification are cut from the same batch of inorganic artificial stone, the standard state of the surfaces of the samples is a polished surface, the side length (a) of each sample is a cube with the thickness of (50 +/-5), dust is removed, the samples are placed at the temperature of (40 +/-5) DEG C and dried to constant weight before testing, the dried samples are placed in a dryer, and the loading test is completed within 24h after the samples are cooled to the room temperature of (20 +/-5) DEG C. After weighing, adding water into a sample washer to submerge the sample to the height of one fourth of the height of the sample, and soaking for two hours; adding water to the height of one half of the sample, and soaking for three hours; adding water to the height of three quarters of the sample until the sample is completely submerged by the water; placing in water for twenty-four hours; then, taking out, wiping and weighing, wherein the water absorption of each sample is calculated according to the following formula: w = (B-G)/G × 100% (W is water absorption, expressed as a percentage, G is the weight of the sample after drying, and B is the weight of the sample after saturating with water), and then the average value W is taken. The larger the water absorption, the more micropores the resulting inorganic stone plate had.
Data analysis
Table 1: test data corresponding to the test indexes in examples 1 and 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Combining examples 1 and 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that the flexural strengths of examples 1 and 3 and comparative example 3 are not significantly different and are all above 14MPa, however, the compressive strengths of examples 1 and 3 are both over 80MPa and up to 86.4MPa, while the compressive strengths of comparative example 3 are all below 80MPa. In addition, the water absorption rates of the plates prepared in examples 1 and 3 are lower, and are not more than 0.61%, while the water absorption rates of the plates prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 are more than 2% and even reach 3.4%, and it can be seen that the plates prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 have more micropores inside and have poor quality. The panels of examples 1, 3 were surface intact in appearance, with no cracks and holes. While the panels made in comparative examples 1-3 had significant cracks and gaps around the large particle stones.
Table 2: test data corresponding to the test indexes in example 1 and comparative example 4
| Example 1 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Flexural strength/MPa | 17 | 16.7 |
| Compressive strength/MPa | 81.5 | 79 |
| Water absorption/%) | 0.61 | 1.5 |
| Appearance of the product | Complete surface without holes | Large particle stone surface damage |
Combining example 1, comparative example 4 and table 2, it can be seen that the formulation components of example 1 and comparative example 4 are the same, but the preparation method of comparative example 4 is conventional in the industry at present, and it can be seen that: comparative example 4 is substantially not different from example 1 in compressive strength and flexural strength, however, the water absorption of example 1 is only 0.61%, and the surface of the panel is intact and has no pores, whereas comparative example 4 has a water absorption of 1.5%, and the large particle stone surface on the panel is also significantly damaged.
Table 3: example 3 test data corresponding to the test indexes in comparative examples 5 to 6
By combining example 3, comparative examples 5 to 6, and table 3, it can be seen that: in the embodiment 3, the particle size of the quartz sand is 70 to 120 meshes, and the particle size of the quartz powder is 200 meshes; in comparative example 5, the particle size of the silica sand was 8 to 16 mesh, the particle size of the silica powder was 260 mesh, in comparative example 6, the particle size of the silica sand was 40 to 70 mesh, the particle size of the silica powder was 400 mesh, in comparative example 7, the particle size of the silica sand was 6 to 8 mesh, and the particle size of the silica powder was 350 mesh, and as can be seen from table 3, by changing the particle size of the silica sand or the silica powder, the compressive strength, the flexural strength, and the water absorption of the produced plate were almost not different, but fine pores were formed on the surface of the plate. Once the particle sizes of the quartz sand and the quartz powder are changed, micropores can appear in the prepared board after being carried out, so that the water absorption rate of the board is high and reaches 0.98%, and obvious holes can appear on the outer surface of the board.
Table 4: detection data corresponding to detection indexes in examples 1 to 3
Combining examples 1-3 and table 4, it can be seen that: the compression strength, the flexural strength and the water absorption appearance of the boards prepared in the embodiments 1-3 are not obviously different, the flexural strength reaches more than 17MPa, the compression strength exceeds 80MPa, the water absorption does not exceed 0.61%, the outer surface of the board is complete, and no hole exists.
Table 5: detection data corresponding to detection indexes in examples 3 to 6
Combining examples 3-6 and Table 5, it can be seen that: the method for preparing the mixture in example 4 is different from that in example 3, and the final result shows that the water absorption of the plate prepared in example 4 is low and is only 0.5%, which indicates that the plate prepared in example 4 has good compactness and is better than that in example 3 in the performances of compressive strength, flexural strength and the like. Example 5 the same preparation method as example 4 was adopted, however, the ratio of large particle stones in example 5 was lower than that in example 4, and it can be seen from table 5 that the flexural strength, compressive strength and water absorption were slightly changed, especially the compressive strength was 84.5MPa, only by changing the ratio of large particle stones and small particle stones in example 5, and it can be seen that the higher the ratio of large particle stones is, the better the performance of the board was. In example 6, the particle sizes of the quartz sand and the quartz powder are different from those of example 4, and the compression strength, the breaking strength and the water absorption of the finally obtained plate are slightly different, the water absorption of the plate obtained in example 6 reaches 0.56%, and the water absorption of example 4 is only 0.5%.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the inorganic artificial stone plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a mixture: sieving large-particle stones in the stone material for later use, and uniformly stirring the remaining small-particle stones in the stone material, quartz sand, quartz powder, white portland cement, an active additive, a water reducing agent, a toughening agent, a pigment and water according to a stirring process to obtain a mixture;
material distribution: paving part of the mixed material to the 1/3 thick part of the mold, and then uniformly paving the large-particle stones on the mixed material;
tamping: continuously pouring part of the rest mixture into the mold, and flattening the surface of the mixture in the mold;
plate forming: pouring all the rest mixture into the mold, performing vacuum vibration pressing to obtain an inorganic artificial stone blank plate, and performing steam curing on the inorganic artificial stone blank plate to obtain an inorganic artificial stone plate;
wherein the particle size of the large particle stones is 2-3cm, and the particle size of the small particle stones is less than 2cm.
2. The method for preparing an inorganic artificial stone plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring process comprises the steps of:
s1, uniformly stirring the small-particle stones and the quartz sand in the stone material, adding water for stirring, adding the quartz powder for stirring uniformly, and preparing a premix;
s2, adding the white Portland cement, the active additive, the water reducing agent, the toughening agent and the pigment into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture.
3. The method for preparing an inorganic artificial stone plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vacuum degree of the vacuum vibration pressing is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 10-60Hz, the pressure is 100kN, and the time is 120-240s.
4. The method for preparing an inorganic artificial stone plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steam curing temperature is 72-80 ℃, and the steam curing time is 10-14h.
5. An inorganic artificial stone plate prepared by the method for preparing the inorganic artificial stone plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of stone, 40 parts of quartz sand, 1-3 parts of quartz powder, 31-33 parts of white portland cement, 2-3 parts of active additive, 3-5 parts of water, 1-1.2 parts of water reducing agent, 5-6 parts of toughening agent and 0-0.4 part of pigment;
wherein the stone includes: 60-70% of large-particle stones and 30-40% of small-particle stones.
6. An inorganic artificial stone panel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the particle size range of the quartz sand is 20-120 meshes, and the particle size range of the quartz powder is 200-325 meshes.
7. An inorganic artificial stone panel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the white portland cement is P.W 52.5.5 white cement.
8. An inorganic artificial stone panel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the active additive is one or more of metakaolin, white silica fume and white fly ash.
9. The water reducer of inorganic artificial stone according to claim 5, which is a polycarboxylic acid water reducer, having a water reduction rate of more than 20%; the toughening agent is styrene-butadiene emulsion with the solid content of 40-50%.
10. An inorganic artificial stone panel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the pigment is one or more of titanium dioxide, iron black powder, iron red powder, iron yellow powder and iron brown powder.
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