CN115321685B - Application of scenedesmus in inhibiting harmful algae in water bloom - Google Patents
Application of scenedesmus in inhibiting harmful algae in water bloom Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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Abstract
Scenedesmus strainScenedesmus.sp) is used for inhibiting harmful algae in water bloom, wherein the scenedesmus is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) No. M2022183, the preservation date is 2022, 3 and 2 days, and the preservation address is university of Wuhan in Wuhan, china. The scenedesmus is newly discovered and newly separated microalgae in the culture water body, is of the family of the scenedesmus of the phylum Chlorophyceae, has no cytotoxin, has a certain effect in self-purification of the water body and purification of sewage, and does not produce secondary pollution. The secondary metabolite of scenedesmus contains effective components, and the self-secreted chemosensory substances are used as secondary metabolites of organisms, have the advantages of easy degradation, low toxic and side effects and the like, can be used as a safer ecological algae control technology, can be directly applied to target algae, and provide a new biological ecological method for treating water bloom.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a harmful algae control method, in particular to application of scenedesmus in inhibiting water bloom harmful algae, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms.
Background
Water bloom is a detrimental ecological phenomenon of water surface discoloration and water eutrophication that directly or indirectly occurs with sudden massive proliferation of plankton. Water bloom has become a worldwide nuisance, and serious threats are generated to the ecological environment of water areas and the survival of aquatic organisms. At present, technology for purifying water quality by utilizing aquatic plants or microorganisms is greatly popularized, but algae seeds with excellent inhibition effect are required to be screened.
The allelopathy refers to the effect of the chemical substances released by various plants (including microorganisms) on the phase by phase, and the chemical substances generated by the chemical substances are called allelopathy substances. In 1949, it was found for the first time that aquatic plants can pass through the allelopathy effect to generate inhibition effect on the growth of planktonic algae, and then a large number of aquatic plants with algae inhibition effect and algae inhibition active components in the aquatic plants are continuously confirmed and excavated. Research shows that the allelochemicals released by aquatic plants inhibit the growth of water bloom algae mainly through various physiological ways of destroying the cell membrane of the water bloom algae, changing the normal enzyme activity, affecting the photosynthetic capacity and the like. Zhang Shengjuan it is found that the duckweed culture water has extremely strong inhibition effect on the growth of microcystis aeruginosa, and the algae inhibition rate can reach 100% at most. Huang Xinying it has been found that the water for planting Malaysia japonica, heighur and Sophora flavescens has remarkable inhibitory effect on microcystis aeruginosa, and 8 substances such as linolenic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid and trans-ferulic acid are separated from the water for planting.
At present, the research on the action of the microalgae on the allelopathy does not have breakthrough progress, the generation mechanism and action mechanism of the allelopathy substances are not clear, different microalgae generate different allelopathy substances, the action mechanism of the different microalgae also has different action mechanisms, and a great deal of research work is needed in relation to the mechanism problem of the action of the allelopathy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an application of scenedesmus in inhibiting harmful algae in water bloom so as to solve the problem of excessive growth of the harmful algae in the water body.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
scenedesmus strainScenedesmus. sp) is used for inhibiting harmful algae in water bloom, wherein the scenedesmus is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) No. M2022183, the preservation date is 2022, 3 and 2 days, and the preservation address is university of Wuhan in Wuhan, china.
The scenedesmus is derived from application number: 202210368877.0 application date: 2022-04-08, entitled "Gratelaria verrucosa, products and uses thereof".
Preferably, the scenedesmus is scenedesmus cultivated to a logarithmic phase of growth.
Preferably, scenedesmus is inoculated in BG-11 medium and cultured in an illumination incubator: the illumination intensity is 2000lux, the temperature is 25+/-1 ℃, and the inhibition application of the water bloom harmful algae is carried out after the water bloom harmful algae enters the logarithmic growth phase.
Preferably, the water bloom harmful algae is microcystis aeruginosa, microcystis water bloom or anabaena water bloom.
Preferably, the scenedesmus in logarithmic phase is directly put into the water body polluted by the harmful algae of the water bloom, and the biomass of the scenedesmus is calculated according to the following steps: the biomass of the dominant algae species of the water bloom is 1-2:1, carrying out throwing.
Preferably, the scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product is put into a water body polluted by the harmful algae in water bloom, the adding amount of the freeze-dried product in the water body is 5-25 g/L,
the preparation method of the scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product comprises the following steps:
and (3) centrifuging the scenedesmus in the logarithmic growth period to separate the scenedesmus from the culture solution, filtering the obtained supernatant with a 0.45 mu m filter membrane, and freeze-drying to obtain the scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product.
Preferably, the adding amount of the freeze-dried product in the water body is 11.7-13.3 g/L.
Preferably, the centrifugation is 8000 rpm and the centrifugation is performed for 5 minutes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the scenedesmus is newly discovered and newly separated microalgae in the culture water body, is of the family of the scenedesmus of the phylum Chlorophyceae, has no cytotoxin, has a certain effect in self-purification of the water body and purification of sewage, and does not produce secondary pollution. The secondary metabolite of scenedesmus contains effective components, and the self-secreted chemosensory substances are used as secondary metabolites of organisms, have the advantages of easy degradation, low toxic and side effects and the like, can be used as a safer ecological algae control technology, can be directly applied to target algae, and provide a new biological ecological method for treating water bloom.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an OD of algae growth in coculture of Scenedesmus and 3 harmful algae 680 A value, wherein a is microcystis aeruginosa, b is microcystis water bloom, c is anabaena water bloom;
FIG. 2 shows the inhibition ratio of Scenedesmus to harmful algae under co-cultivation of Scenedesmus and harmful algae;
FIG. 3 is a specific growth rate of algae under co-cultivation of Scenedesmus and 3 harmful algae, wherein a is Microcystis aeruginosa, b is Microcystis water bloom, c is Anabaena water bloom;
FIG. 4 is an OD680 value of algae growth in coculture of Scenedesmus extracellular metabolites with 3 deleterious algae, where a is Microcystis aeruginosa, b is Microcystis water bloom, c is Anabaena water bloom;
FIG. 5 is an inhibitory effect of a scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product on harmful algae;
FIG. 6 is a specific growth rate of algae under co-cultivation of scenedesmus extracellular metabolites with 3 harmful algae, wherein a is microcystis aeruginosa, b is microcystis water bloom, c is anabaena water bloom;
FIG. 7 is the effect of Scenedesmus extracellular metabolite treatment on detrimental algal cell photosynthesis, wherein a is Microcystis aeruginosa, b is Microcystis water bloom, c is Anabaena water bloom;
FIG. 8 is a micrograph of the effect of Scenedesmus extracellular metabolites on the morphology of 3 deleterious algae cells, wherein A is the microcystis aeruginosa control group, B is the microcystis aeruginosa experimental group, C is the microcystis water bloom control group, D is microcystis water bloom experimental group, E is the anabaena water bloom control group, and F is anabaena water bloom experimental group.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following specific examples. It should be understood that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, but is intended to be within the scope of the invention in any form and/or modification thereof.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are by weight, and the equipment, materials, etc. used are commercially available or are conventional in the art. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Examples:
1. test method
1. Algae source and cultivation method
Microcystis aeruginosa (Microcystis aeruginosa, FACHB-434), microcystis water bloom (Microcystis flori-aquae, FACHB-1306) and anabaena water bloom (Anabaena flosaquae, FACHB-245) were purchased from the fresh water algae seed stock of the institute of Siraitia water aquae of the national academy of sciences. The scenedesmus is obtained by separating and purifying the culture water body. Culturing in a light-based incubator using BG-11: the illumination intensity is 2000lux, the temperature is 25+/-1 ℃, and the test is carried out when the growth period of the light is in the logarithmic phase. Aseptic operating rules were strictly followed during the experiment.
2. Experiment of Scenedesmus liquid in inhibiting 3 harmful algae
A Transwell chamber is used for co-culture experiments, and 0.01 mL of harmful algae (microcystis aeruginosa, microcystis aeruginosa and anabaena algae) are respectively taken out of a conical flask for cell counting, cell biomass is recorded, and the average value is obtained by repeating three times. 2.8 portions of mL harmful algae were collected from the lower chamber of the Transwell chamber. The scenedesmus which has reached the logarithmic growth phase is diluted with BG11 broth to the same biomass as the harmful algae biomass. Similarly, 2.8. 2.8 mL of scenedesmus liquid was taken in the upper chamber of the Transwell cell, and the pore size of the upper chamber was 0.4. Mu.m. Simultaneously, harmful algae and scenedesmus are independently cultured in six pore plates as a control group, 3 repetitions of control and treatment are respectively arranged, and the control group and the treatment are placed in an illumination incubator for culture. The optical density was measured with a microplate reader every 24. 24 h for an experimental period of 7 d (680, nm), and the inhibition rate and specific growth rate were calculated.
3. Inhibition experiment of Scenedesmus extracellular metabolite on 3 harmful algae
The scenedesmus was selected during the logarithmic phase of growth and the samples were centrifuged for 5 minutes (8000 rpm) under aseptic conditions using a centrifuge. The resulting supernatant was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane and lyophilized. And dissolving the freeze-dried sample by using BG-11 culture solution, adding the solution into harmful algae in a logarithmic growth phase, and controlling the adding amount of the freeze-dried product in a water body to be 11.7g/L. And meanwhile, the normal cultured harmful algae are set as a control group. Each set was set up with 3 replicates. The values of optical density (680, nm) were measured with a microplate reader every 24. 24 h for experimental duration 7 d, and the inhibition rate and specific growth rate were calculated.
4. Effect of Scenedesmus extracellular metabolite treatment on detrimental algal cell photosynthesis
The photosynthetic detection of algal cells adopts a chlorophyll fluorescence instrument (PHYTO-PAM, becton-Dickinson, USA). Chl-a (chlorophyll a) was measured after 5 min of dark adaptation of the algae solution.
5. Morphological observation of harmful algae cell surface under treatment of scenedesmus extracellular metabolite
The scenedesmus extracellular metabolites were added to microcystis aeruginosa, cultured 7 d, and the cells were observed for microstructure changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, HITACHI SU 8010).
6. Growth analysis
The growth of microalgae cells was followed every 24 hours by assessing the optical density (680 nm). Thereafter, the optical density was used to calculate biomass accumulation. The microalgae growth rate μ was determined at different combinations according to the following equation:
μ=(lnN-lnN0)/(T-T0)×100% （1）
wherein: μ represents the specific growth rate, N and N0 depict microalgae cell densities at times T and T0, respectively.
7. Biomass determination
Absorbance at wavelength 680 nm (OD 680 ) The optical density of the algae cells is represented, and the inhibition rate of the microalgae is calculated according to a formula (2):
IR=(1-N/N0)×100% (2)
wherein: IR represents inhibition rate, N represents algae OD of treatment group 680 The value N0 represents the algae OD of the control group 680 Values.
8. Data processing
The experimental data are the average of 3 replicates, and the experimental results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The differences between the groups were compared using t-test, and the significance level was set to P <0.05. The graph pad Prism5 software was used to plot, error bars in the graph represent standard deviation between three experiments.
2. Main results
1. Algae growth condition under coculture of scenedesmus and 3 kinds of harmful algae
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the control group showed a smooth increase in OD during the culture period, and the experimental group showed a smooth increase in OD during the culture period 680 The values were clearly in a downward trend at 1 and 2 d. The growth state of the harmful algae in the control group is always higher than that in the experimental group during the experimental period. As can be seen, the relative growth rate of the control group generally increased first and then decreasedThe growth rate of 3 experimental groups is always lower than that of a control group, and after 24 h of co-culture, scenedesmus has obvious inhibition effect on the growth of harmful algae cells, which indicates that the early scenedesmus plays a main algae inhibition role.
As can be seen from the inhibition rate (fig. 2) of 3 kinds of harmful algae, the scenedesmus produces a certain inhibition effect on the harmful algae under the co-culture of the scenedesmus and the harmful algae (microcystis aeruginosa, microcystis water bloom and anabaena water bloom), and the inhibition effect of the microcystis water bloom reaches more than 60% with the increase of the co-culture time; from the dynamic change of the inhibition rate, the average inhibition rates of the anabaena and the microcystis aeruginosa can reach 46.8 percent and 26.7 percent respectively. This shows that the inhibition effect of scenedesmus on microcystis bloom is higher than that of other 2 harmful algae under the same treatment mode.
The specific growth rates of the three harmful algae at different culture times were further compared, and the results are shown in FIG. 3. The specific growth rate at each time point of the control group tended to rise and then fall overall, whereas the specific growth rate at each time point of the 3 experimental groups was lower than that of the control group (fig. 3a, b and c), and even negative increases occurred in microcystis and anabaena bloom (fig. 3b and c). The specific growth rate result of the three kinds of harmful algae and the Scenedesmus are consistent with the inhibition rate result, and the inhibition effect of the Scenedesmus and the three kinds of harmful algae under the co-culture is as follows from big to small in sequence: microcystis water bloom > anabaena water bloom > microcystis aeruginosa.
2. Scenedesmus extracellular metabolites and algae growth conditions under co-cultivation of 3 harmful algae
As can be seen from fig. 4, each control group had a smooth increasing trend during the culture period. During the experiment, microcystis aeruginosa and microcystis water bloom OD 680 The values of (2) are in a descending trend, and are gradually in a stable state along with the increase of experimental days, and the maximum inhibition rate of the scenedesmus to the microcystis aeruginosa and the microcystis bloom is respectively 53.8% and 44.9%. Different from the method, the Anabaena treatment group OD is carried out within 4-6 days 680 The value did not decrease, but rather increased to some extent, and increased to a greater extent than the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the relative growth rate of the control group generally tended to rise first and then stabilize, and the growth rate of microcystis aeruginosa and microcystis water bloom experimental group was always lower than that of the control group, and scenedesmus had obvious inhibition effect on harmful algae cell growth after co-culture of 24 h. From fig. 6, after 96h, the relative growth rate of the experimental group of anabaena water bloom began to be higher than that of the control group, indicating that the scenedesmus metabolite could extend the lag phase of anabaena water bloom growth.
3. Effect of scenedesmus extracellular Metabolic products on photosynthetic systems of 3 harmful algae
During the culture, the chlorophyll a contents of the three harmful algae were not significantly different (fig. 7). In contrast, microcystis aeruginosa growth was significantly inhibited from 96h later compared to the control group. It may also be suggested that the target of the scenic substance is not in the reaction center of photosynthesis.
4. Effect of Scenedesmus extracellular metabolites on the morphology of 3 deleterious algal cells
As shown in fig. 8, almost all cells in the control were full and round since the cells were in the log growth phase (fig. 8A, C, E). In algal cells under stress by scenedesmus metabolites, changes in cell morphology characteristics occurred (fig. 8B, D, F): the cell structure is destroyed to a great extent, the algae cells shrink obviously, the cell body dies and breaks, the cell structure is not complete any more, and the dead algae cells gather to generate sediment. These damaged cells no longer have the ability to grow and reproduce, and the degree of biomass maintenance in the culture fluid is consistent with this result.
All treatments were evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions without sunshade and nutrients were added on day 3 to avoid nutrient consumption in the culture. Therefore, inhibition of blue algae growth is mainly caused by the allelochemicals released by algae. The results show that the algae have different inhibition effects on water under different culture conditions. Under electronic culture conditions, the limited effect of exudates on algae may be due to the degradation or metabolism of additional chemosensory substances by cyanobacteria when the living substances are no longer present. This suggests that these chemicals must be added continuously to prolong algicidal activity. This result is consistent with previous findings (nakaietal 1999).
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, so that the same or similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The application of the scenedesmus provided by the invention in inhibiting the harmful algae in water bloom is described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (1)
1. Scenedesmus strainScenedesmus.sp) The application in inhibiting the harmful algae in the water bloom is characterized in that: the scenedesmus is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) No. M2022183, the preservation date is 2022, 3 and 2 days, and the preservation address is Wuhan university; the scenedesmus is cultivated to the logarithmic phase of growth; the water bloom harmful algae is microcystis aeruginosa, water bloom microcystis or water bloom anabaena; the application is that the scenedesmus or scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product in logarithmic phase is put into water body polluted by harmful algae in water bloom, and the biomass of scenedesmus is calculated according to the following steps: the biomass of the harmful algae in the water bloom is 1-2:1, throwing; the adding amount of the scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product in the water body is 11.7-13.3 g/L, and the preparation method of the scenedesmus extracellular metabolite freeze-dried product comprises the following steps: centrifuging the scenedesmus in logarithmic growth period for 5 min at 8000 rpm to separate the scenedesmus from the culture solution, filtering the obtained supernatant with 0.45 μm filter membrane, and lyophilizing to obtain scenedesmus extracellular metabolite lyophilized product; the scenedesmus is inoculated in BG-11 culture mediumCulturing in a light incubator: the illumination intensity is 2000lux, the temperature is 25+/-1 ℃, and the inhibition application of the water bloom harmful algae is carried out after the water bloom harmful algae enters the logarithmic growth phase.
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| CN105886404A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-24 | 华东理工大学 | Polyculture type microalgae cultivation method capable of inhibiting growth of microcystis aeruginosa |
| CN110959609A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-07 | 武汉益生泉生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Blue algae bloom control agent and application thereof |
| CN113214996A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Scenedesmus as well as culture method and application thereof |
| CN114606132A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Scenedesmus as well as product and application thereof |
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| CN105886404A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-24 | 华东理工大学 | Polyculture type microalgae cultivation method capable of inhibiting growth of microcystis aeruginosa |
| CN110959609A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-07 | 武汉益生泉生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Blue algae bloom control agent and application thereof |
| CN113214996A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Scenedesmus as well as culture method and application thereof |
| CN114606132A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Scenedesmus as well as product and application thereof |
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